Population and Development Indicators for Asia and the Pacific, 2018
SourcesIndicators 1-7, 9-12, 14, 16-22: ESCAP calculations based on: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2018): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision; Joint UNICEF/WHO database 2016 of skilled health personnel, based on population-based national household survey data and routine health systems; Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015, estimates by World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division; United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), 2018.
Indicator 8: World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory.
Indicators 13, 15: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2018): World Contraceptive Use 2018 (POP/DB/CP/Rev2018).
Indicator 23: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017): International Migrant Stock: The 2017 Revision (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2017).
Technical notesHealthy Life Expectancy: The average equivalent number of years of full health that a newborn could expect to live, if he or she were to pass through life subject to the age-specific death rates and ill-health rates.
Maternal Mortality: Maternal death refers to the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes.
Median Age: Age that divides the population in two parts of equal size, that is, there are as many persons with ages above the median as there are with ages below the median.
International migrants: The midyear estimate of the number of people living in a country or area other than that in which they were born. Where the number of foreign-born was not available, the estimate refers to the number of people living in a country other than that of their citizenship.
Regional and subregional aggregates are ESCAP calculations.
.. Not available.
0 indicates that the magnitude is not zero, but less than half of the unit employed.
General notesSingle year interpolations calculated by ESCAP.
Data for indicators 1-7, 17-21: projections.
Data for indicators 8-12, 22 and 23: estimates.
Data for indicator 16: estimates for 2015; projections for 2050.
Data for indicators 13-15: latest year available.
For indicator 6: see also SDG indicator 3.7.2; for indicator 9: see also SDG indicator: 3.1.1; for indicators 10 and 11: see also SDG indicator 3.2.2; for indicator 12: see also SDG indicator 3.2.1; for indicator 14: see also SDG indicator 3.1.2.
Regional and subregional figures represent population-weighted averages calculated by ESCAP. Missing values are not imputed.
This publication does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Suggested citation: United Nations, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (2018). ESCAP Population Data Sheet 2018.
For more information, please contact:
Social Development DivisionEconomic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)Email: [email protected]
2018 ESCAP population data sheet
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Region, subregion, country, territory or area Population at mid-year Population growth rate
Crude birth rate
Crude death rate
Total fertility rate
Adolescent fertility rate
Life expectancy at birth
Healthy life expectancy at birth
Maternal mortality ratio
Neonatal mortality rate
Infant mortality rate
Under-five mortality rate
Contraceptive prevalence rate
Skilled birth attendance
Unmet need for family planning
Median age of total population
Child population Youth population Working-age population
Population of older adults
Old-age support ratio
Urban population
International migrants
Thousands Per cent change per annum
Births per 1,000 population
Deaths per 1,000 population
Live births per woman (aged 15–49)
Births per 1,000 adolescent women (aged 15–19)
Male Female Male Female Maternal deaths (per 100,000 live births, women aged 15–49)
Neonatal deaths (during the first 28 days of life) per 1,000 live births
Deaths of infants (under one year of age) per 1,000 live births
Deaths of children and infants under age 5 per 1,000 live births
Percentage of women (or sexual partner) currently using any method of contraception
Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
Proportion of women of reproductive age (15–49 years) who have their need for family planning unsatisfied
Years Percentage of population aged 0–14
Percentage of population aged 15–24
Percentage of population aged 15–64
Percentage of population aged 60 or over
Persons 15–64 years old per person aged 65 or older
Percentage of population
In country or area
From country or area
Thousands Thousands
2018 2050 2018 2018 2018 2018 2015–2020 2018 2018 2016 2016 2015 2017 2017 2017 Latest year available Latest year available Latest year available 2015 2050 2018 2050 2018 2050 2018 2050 2018 2050 2018 2050 2018 2017 2017
ESCAP 4 556 729 5 162 968 0.8 16.0 7.4 2.1 115.9 17.1 24.6 29.9 86.6 (2014) 30.8 40.2 23.5 17.7 15.2 12.3 67.7 64.0 13.0 24.8 7.8 3.5 49.8 62 165 101 839
East and North-East Asia 1 653 883 1 586 492 0.3 11.2 7.7 1.6 26.5 4.5 7.7 9.0 99.9 (2015) 17.2 13.9 11.5 9.7 70.3 59.0 18.1 35.6 5.6 2.2 62.6 7 777 14 661
China 1 415 046 1 364 457 0.4 11.5 7.5 1.6 6.4 75.1 78.2 68.0 69.3 27.0 4.7 8.0 9.3 84.6 (2006) 99.9 (2015) 2.3 (2001) 37.0 48.0 17.6 14.0 11.6 9.7 71.2 59.7 16.6 35.1 6.4 2.3 59.2 1 000 9 962
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 25 611 26 809 0.5 13.8 9.1 1.9 0.3 68.5 75.5 62.1 66.9 82.0 10.0 14.4 19.0 78.2 (2014) 100.0 (2009) 7.0 (2014) 34.0 42.1 20.4 16.5 15.2 12.1 70.3 63.7 14.1 26.0 7.6 3.2 61.9 49 111
Hong Kong, China 7 429 8 253 0.8 11.1 6.9 1.3 2.7 81.3 87.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. 74.8 (2012) .. .. 43.2 52.4 11.9 12.2 9.6 9.7 71.2 53.9 24.3 40.6 4.2 1.6 100.0 2 883 1 067
Japan 127 185 108 794 -0.2 8.0 10.9 1.5 4.1 80.8 87.2 72.6 76.9 5.0 0.9 1.9 2.6 39.8 (2015) 99.9 (2015) .. 46.3 53.2 12.8 12.6 9.3 8.8 59.7 51.1 33.6 42.4 2.2 1.4 91.6 2 321 832
Macao, China 632 876 1.5 12.2 3.9 1.4 2.5 81.2 87.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 37.6 48.6 13.8 13.7 10.4 9.9 75.8 58.2 17.0 36.2 7.2 2.1 100.0 354 144
Mongolia 3 122 4 075 1.5 22.2 6.4 2.7 23.6 65.6 73.9 58.6 65.5 44.0 9.1 14.8 17.2 54.6 (2013) 98.9 (2013) 16.0 (2013) 27.1 34.2 29.9 22.3 14.6 13.7 65.9 65.0 6.8 18.8 15.9 5.1 68.4 18 68
Republic of Korea 51 164 50 457 0.3 8.9 6.1 1.3 1.6 79.5 85.5 70.7 75.1 11.0 1.5 2.8 3.3 79.6 (2015) 100.0 (2015) .. 40.8 53.9 13.4 11.5 12.1 9.2 72.2 53.2 21.1 41.6 5.0 1.5 81.5 1 152 2 478
Other non-specified areas 23 694 22 771 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
South-East Asia 655 637 797 649 1.0 17.8 6.9 2.2 109.6 12.8 21.3 26.1 81.4 (2011) 26.0 19.5 16.8 13.4 67.6 65.0 10.2 21.0 10.5 4.2 48.9 9 874 21 085
Brunei Darussalam 434 537 1.2 15.3 3.7 1.8 10.3 76.0 79.2 67.0 68.8 23.0 4.7 9.0 10.5 .. 100.0 (2016) .. 30.0 43.6 22.6 15.7 16.3 11.2 72.5 62.4 8.5 28.7 14.8 2.9 77.6 109 45
Cambodia 16 246 22 019 1.5 22.4 6.0 2.5 50.2 67.4 71.7 59.4 62.1 161.0 14.9 25.1 29.2 56.3 (2014) 89.0 (2014) 12.5 (2014) 24.0 34.3 31.2 21.8 19.0 14.5 64.2 66.0 7.2 16.9 14.1 5.4 23.4 76 1 065
Indonesia 266 795 321 551 1.0 18.3 7.2 2.3 47.4 67.4 71.7 60.4 63.0 126.0 12.4 21.4 25.4 60.9 (2016) 92.6 (2016) 14.5 (2016) 28.0 36.6 27.0 19.9 16.9 13.7 67.5 66.3 8.9 19.2 12.4 4.8 55.3 346 4 234
Lao People’s Democratic Republic 6 961 9 163 1.5 22.9 6.5 2.6 62.6 65.8 68.9 56.9 58.8 197.0 28.2 48.6 63.4 49.8 (2012) 40.1 (2012) 19.9 (2012) 22.7 35.4 32.5 20.1 20.1 14.5 63.4 69.2 6.4 16.1 15.4 6.5 35.0 45 1 313
Malaysia 32 042 41 729 1.3 16.9 5.1 2.0 13.4 73.5 78.0 65.3 68.1 40.0 4.3 6.7 7.9 52.2 (2014) 99.4 (2015) .. 27.7 40.2 24.0 16.9 18.0 12.6 69.4 66.8 10.0 23.1 10.7 4.1 76.0 2 704 1 856
Myanmar 53 856 62 359 0.9 17.5 8.2 2.2 28.7 64.5 69.2 56.9 59.9 178.0 24.1 38.5 48.6 52.2 (2016) 60.2 (2016) 16.2 (2016) 27.7 37.5 26.3 19.1 18.1 13.8 67.8 67.9 9.7 18.5 11.4 5.2 30.6 75 2 895
Philippines 106 512 151 293 1.5 22.7 6.6 2.9 60.5 66.1 73.0 59.4 64.2 114.0 13.6 22.2 28.1 55.1 (2013) 72.8 (2013) 17.5 (2013) 24.1 31.8 31.5 23.9 19.0 15.8 63.6 66.3 7.8 14.2 12.9 6.8 46.9 219 5 681
Singapore 5 792 6 575 1.4 8.6 5.2 1.3 3.7 81.4 85.3 74.7 77.6 10.0 1.1 2.2 2.8 62.0 (1997) 99.6 (2016) .. 40.0 52.8 14.7 11.0 12.5 8.7 71.7 55.4 20.4 40.1 5.3 1.7 100.0 2 623 327
Thailand 69 183 65 372 0.2 9.9 8.1 1.5 51.9 72.0 79.5 64.0 69.8 20.0 5.3 8.2 9.5 78.4 (2016) 99.1 (2016) 6.2 (2016) 37.8 49.2 17.0 13.0 13.7 9.5 71.2 58.0 17.6 35.1 6.0 2.0 49.9 3 589 903
Timor-Leste 1 324 2 421 2.1 34.3 5.3 5.3 44.0 67.7 71.4 57.7 60.7 215.0 20.7 40.8 47.6 26.1 (2016) 56.7 (2016) 25.3 (2016) 17.4 23.4 43.5 33.2 21.8 19.9 52.9 62.1 5.5 6.7 14.7 13.2 30.6 12 39
Viet Nam 96 491 114 630 1.0 16.2 5.9 1.9 27.3 72.0 81.2 64.2 70.7 54.0 10.6 16.7 20.9 75.7 (2015) 93.8 (2014) 6.1 (2014) 30.4 42.0 23.0 16.9 14.7 11.4 69.5 61.6 11.6 28.3 9.4 2.9 35.9 76 2 727
South and South-West Asia 1 973 371 2 477 423 1.2 19.4 6.9 2.4 170.8 25.6 34.7 42.6 81.3 (2016) 28.2 19.4 18.1 13.7 65.9 67.1 9.2 19.2 11.0 5.0 37.4 18 464 42 994
Afghanistan 36 373 61 928 2.3 31.8 6.4 4.3 64.5 63.1 65.8 52.1 54.1 396.0 39.2 51.5 67.9 22.5 (2016) 50.5 (2015) 24.5 (2016) 17.3 28.9 42.6 26.0 21.6 17.5 54.7 68.3 4.2 8.8 20.9 12.1 25.5 134 4 826
Bangladesh 166 368 201 927 1.0 18.3 5.3 2.1 83.5 71.5 74.9 62.6 64.1 176.0 18.4 26.9 32.4 62.3 (2014) 49.8 (2016) 12.0 (2014) 25.6 40.0 27.8 17.0 19.1 12.6 67.0 66.9 7.5 22.0 13.1 4.2 36.6 1 501 7 500
Bhutan 817 994 1.1 17.6 6.0 2.0 20.3 70.6 71.3 60.8 60.5 148.0 16.9 25.6 30.8 65.6 (2010) 89.0 (2016) 11.7 (2010) 26.3 40.9 26.2 16.4 18.5 12.1 68.8 66.9 7.5 23.7 13.8 4.0 40.9 52 44
India 1 354 052 1 658 978 1.1 18.6 7.4 2.3 23.1 67.5 70.7 58.7 59.9 174.0 24.0 32.0 39.4 53.5 (2016) 85.7 (2016) 12.9 (2016) 26.7 37.5 27.4 18.9 18.2 13.7 66.4 67.7 9.6 19.1 10.8 5.0 34.0 5 189 16 588
Iran (Islamic Republic of) 82 012 93 553 1.0 15.3 4.5 1.6 25.0 75.2 77.6 64.9 65.9 25.0 9.1 12.8 14.9 77.4 (2011) 99.0 (2014) 5.7 (2011) 29.5 45.2 23.7 14.8 13.6 9.3 70.6 62.2 9.1 32.1 12.4 2.7 74.9 2 699 1 170
Maldives 444 576 1.7 17.0 3.3 2.0 5.8 77.0 79.1 69.7 69.7 68.0 4.5 6.8 7.9 34.7 (2009) 95.6 (2014) 28.6 (2009) 27.9 44.4 23.4 14.6 15.4 9.6 72.5 66.7 6.6 28.4 17.4 3.6 39.8 67 3
Nepal 29 624 36 107 1.1 19.3 6.2 2.1 60.5 69.3 72.6 60.5 62.1 258.0 20.7 27.8 33.7 52.6 (2017) 58.0 (2016) 23.7 (2017) 23.2 39.0 30.2 17.4 21.3 13.2 63.9 70.0 8.8 18.0 10.7 5.6 19.7 503 1 738
Pakistan 200 814 306 940 1.9 27.1 7.2 3.3 36.9 65.8 67.9 57.6 57.9 178.0 44.2 61.2 74.9 35.4 (2013) 52.1 (2013) 20.1 (2013) 22.5 30.9 34.7 24.9 19.0 15.8 60.8 66.7 6.8 12.9 13.5 7.9 36.7 3 398 5 979
Sri Lanka 20 950 20 792 0.3 14.7 7.1 2.0 14.1 72.3 79.0 64.4 69.3 30.0 5.8 7.5 8.8 61.7 (2016) 98.6 (2007) 7.5 (2016) 32.3 42.6 23.7 17.2 14.9 11.9 65.8 59.7 15.4 28.8 6.3 2.6 18.5 40 1 727
Turkey 81 917 95 627 1.4 15.7 5.8 2.0 25.8 73.0 79.5 64.4 67.6 16.0 5.9 10.0 11.6 73.5 (2013) 97.4 (2014) 5.9 (2013) 29.9 41.8 24.6 16.8 16.4 11.8 67.1 62.6 12.3 26.6 8.0 3.0 75.1 4 882 3 419
North and Central Asia 232 590 244 295 0.5 15.4 11.1 2.0 29.0 7.3 13.3 15.2 99.1 (2014) 21.7 19.1 11.8 12.0 67.0 62.8 17.0 25.1 5.9 3.5 65.1 17 643 21 229
Armenia 2 934 2 700 0.1 12.7 9.7 1.6 23.2 71.6 78.0 63.6 68.7 25.0 6.7 11.3 12.6 57.1 (2016) 99.8 (2016) 12.5 (2016) 33.9 45.5 20.1 14.8 12.5 9.8 68.5 62.2 17.5 31.6 6.0 2.7 63.1 191 951
Azerbaijan 9 924 11 039 0.9 16.5 7.0 2.0 53.5 69.2 75.3 62.8 66.9 25.0 11.8 20.5 23.0 51.1 (2006) 99.8 (2016) 15.4 (2006) 30.3 40.0 23.3 17.3 14.5 11.6 70.5 65.4 10.6 24.7 11.3 3.8 55.7 259 1 155
Georgia 3 907 3 394 -0.1 12.9 13.1 2.0 45.9 69.4 77.8 61.5 68.4 36.0 6.7 9.7 10.8 53.4 (2010) 99.9 (2015) 12.3 (2010) 38.0 42.0 19.4 17.3 11.8 11.3 65.6 60.0 21.1 29.4 4.4 2.7 58.6 78 838
Kazakhstan 18 404 22 959 1.1 19.9 8.8 2.6 27.5 65.4 75.0 59.9 66.7 12.0 5.3 8.9 10.0 55.7 (2015) 99.4 (2015) 11.6 (2011) 29.3 34.6 28.3 22.3 12.7 13.5 64.5 64.5 11.3 19.2 9.0 4.9 57.4 3 635 4 074
Kyrgyzstan 6 133 8 113 1.4 23.8 6.2 2.9 38.1 67.2 75.3 60.7 66.4 76.0 10.7 17.9 20.0 42.0 (2014) 98.4 (2014) 18.0 (2012) 25.3 32.5 32.1 24.1 16.1 14.7 63.2 64.9 7.8 16.7 13.6 5.9 36.4 200 760
Russian Federation 143 965 132 731 -0.0 12.4 13.6 1.8 21.6 65.8 76.9 59.1 67.5 25.0 3.3 6.5 7.6 68.0 (2011) 99.7 (2014) 8.0 (2011) 38.7 41.4 17.8 17.4 9.5 10.8 67.6 60.5 21.5 29.9 4.6 2.7 74.4 11 652 10 636
Tajikistan 9 107 14 521 2.0 27.7 5.1 3.3 36.4 68.6 74.5 61.7 65.3 32.0 14.5 29.4 33.6 27.9 (2012) 90.3 (2014) 22.9 (2012) 22.4 29.9 35.3 26.6 18.5 15.8 61.1 64.4 6.0 13.6 17.1 7.2 27.1 273 579
Turkmenistan 5 851 7 888 1.6 23.8 7.0 2.8 24.4 64.6 71.6 58.7 64.1 42.0 21.3 40.6 47.3 50.2 (2016) 100.0 (2016) 12.1 (2016) 25.6 33.1 30.8 23.1 16.5 14.3 64.7 66.3 7.6 15.9 14.6 6.3 51.6 195 243
Uzbekistan 32 365 40 950 1.4 20.0 5.9 2.2 16.5 68.7 74.4 62.9 66.2 36.0 12.1 20.0 22.5 64.9 (2006) 100.0 (2015) 13.7 (1996) 26.3 37.2 28.0 19.2 17.2 13.0 67.3 67.5 7.9 19.6 14.5 5.1 50.5 1 159 1 992
Pacific 41 248 57 109 1.4 16.3 6.8 2.3 83.7 10.3 18.0 22.6 76.9 (2015) 23.5 20.0 14.5 13.3 64.1 62.0 17.3 23.3 5.1 3.4 68.2 8 408 1 870
American Samoa 56 57 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 87.2 24 2
Australia 24 772 33 187 1.3 12.7 6.7 1.8 12.9 81.4 85.1 71.8 74.1 6.0 2.1 3.0 3.5 66.9 (2016) 99.7 (2015) .. 37.4 41.5 19.1 17.1 12.5 11.8 65.1 60.4 21.2 28.3 4.1 2.7 86.0 7 036 542
Cook Islands 17 18 0.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.9 6.5 7.6 43.2 (1999) 100.0 (2009) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 75.1 4 22
Fiji 912 998 0.7 18.7 7.3 2.5 43.9 67.7 73.8 59.6 63.3 30.0 10.6 21.4 25.3 40.9 (1974) 99.9 (2015) .. 27.6 35.2 28.3 21.1 16.6 14.6 65.2 65.1 10.3 18.9 10.2 4.7 56.2 14 215
French Polynesia 286 326 1.0 15.0 5.6 2.0 35.0 75.0 79.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 30.9 42.2 22.9 16.5 16.3 11.8 69.0 62.6 12.4 27.0 8.5 3.0 61.8 31 1
Guam 166 193 0.9 16.6 5.2 2.3 31.7 77.6 82.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. 66.6 (2002) .. .. 30.1 40.1 24.4 18.1 16.8 12.8 65.7 62.5 14.4 24.8 6.7 3.2 94.8 78 2
Kiribati 118 178 1.7 27.5 6.9 3.6 16.2 63.4 70.0 56.0 59.4 90.0 23.0 42.7 54.6 22.3 (2009) 98.3 (2010) 28.0 (2009) 22.4 28.3 35.3 28.3 18.6 16.5 60.7 63.9 6.5 11.9 15.2 8.2 54.1 3 5
Marshall Islands 53 66 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15.7 28.0 34.0 44.6 (2007) 90.1 (2011) 8.1 (2007) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 77.0 3 8
Micronesia (Federated States of) 106 128 0.7 23.8 6.2 3.1 13.9 68.2 70.7 60.4 61.7 100.0 16.5 26.7 32.2 .. 100.0 (2009) .. 21.5 30.8 32.7 23.4 23.0 17.3 62.2 69.3 8.2 12.1 12.3 9.5 22.7 3 21
Nauru 11 11 -0.4 .. ... .. .. ... ... .. .. .. 20.5 27.3 33.0 35.6 (2007) 97.4 (2007) 23.5 (2007) .. .. .. 100.0 4 2
New Caledonia 280 378 1.3 15.4 6.8 2.1 19.7 74.8 80.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 32.8 40.0 22.3 17.7 15.5 12.4 67.6 63.8 14.5 24.0 6.7 3.5 70.7 66 6
New Zealand 4 750 5 711 0.9 13.1 7.0 2.0 20.0 80.6 83.8 71.8 73.9 11.0 3.0 4.4 5.3 75.0 (1995) 96.3 (2015) .. 37.3 43.1 19.8 16.5 13.5 11.5 64.6 59.9 21.3 29.4 4.1 2.5 86.5 1 067 834
Niue 2 2 0.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 11.1 18.4 21.5 .. 100.0 (2011) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 44.8 1 6
Northern Mariana Islands 55 52 0.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20.5 (1970) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 91.6 22 3
Palau 22 28 1.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7.9 13.2 15.3 32.8 (2003) 100.0 (2016) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 79.9 5 3
Papua New Guinea 8 418 13 871 2.0 27.0 7.1 3.6 52.7 63.4 68.4 56.7 59.5 215.0 23.7 41.8 53.4 32.4 (2007) 40.0 (2016) 27.4 (2007) 21.7 28.5 35.6 27.5 19.6 17.0 60.5 65.3 6.2 10.8 15.5 9.0 13.2 32 4
Samoa 198 243 0.6 24.0 5.0 3.9 23.9 72.5 78.7 64.1 68.0 51.0 8.6 14.2 16.5 26.9 (2014) 82.5 (2014) 34.8 (2014) 21.2 28.6 36.4 28.1 19.5 17.0 57.9 60.5 8.7 14.4 10.1 5.3 18.2 5 118
Solomon Islands 623 1 033 1.9 27.7 4.6 3.7 46.4 69.8 72.9 61.4 62.5 114.0 8.5 17.6 20.6 29.3 (2015) 86.2 (2015) 34.7 (2015) 19.9 28.1 38.5 28.1 20.0 17.2 58.0 63.6 5.5 11.5 16.4 7.7 23.7 3 4
Tonga 109 140 0.9 23.3 5.9 3.6 14.7 70.3 76.4 62.6 66.0 124.0 6.7 13.7 16.0 34.1 (2012) 95.5 (2012) 25.2 (2012) 21.3 28.3 35.4 27.6 20.5 17.6 58.8 62.5 8.7 12.7 10.1 6.3 23.1 5 60
Tuvalu 11 15 0.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16.0 21.0 24.9 30.5 (2007) 93.1 (2007) 24.2 (2007) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 62.4 0 4
Vanuatu 282 475 2.1 25.2 4.8 3.2 41.9 70.4 74.9 61.9 63.7 78.0 11.6 22.6 26.9 49.0 (2013) 89.4 (2013) 24.2 (2013) 22.2 30.0 35.8 26.6 18.2 15.9 59.7 63.8 6.8 13.9 13.2 6.6 25.3 3 9
Population growth has decreased and is currently below 2 per cent per annum in nearly all countries Population growth (percentage) in 1994 and 2018
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
VanuatuTuvaluTonga
Solomon IslandsSamoa
Papua New GuineaPalau
Northern Mariana IslandsNiue
New ZealandNew Caledonia
NauruMicronesia (Federated States of)
Marshall IslandsKiribati
GuamFrench Polynesia
FijiCook Islands
AustraliaAmerican Samoa
UzbekistanTurkmenistan
TajikistanRussian Federation
KyrgyzstanKazakhstan
GeorgiaAzerbaijan
ArmeniaTurkey
Sri LankaPakistan
NepalMaldives
Iran (Islamic Republic of)India
BhutanBangladeshAfghanistan
Viet NamTimor-Leste
ThailandSingapore
PhilippinesMyanmarMalaysiaLao PDR
IndonesiaCambodia
Brunei DarussalamRepublic of Korea
MongoliaMacao, China
JapanHong Kong, China
Democratic People's Republic of KoreaChina
PER CENT CHANGE PER ANNUM
TOTAL FERTILITY RATE (LIVE BIRTHS PER WOMAN AGED 15–49, 2018) East and North-East Asia South-East Asia South and South-West AsiaNorth and Central Asia Paci�c 1994 2018
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
Source: ESCAP Online Statistical Database, 2018. Available at: http://data.unescap.org/escap_stat/ (accessed 5 November 2018).
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
Even with low levels of total fertility, adolescent levels may be highTotal fertility rate, 2018 and adolescent fertility rate, 2015–2020
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TOTAL FERTILITY RATE (LIVE BIRTHS PER WOMAN AGED 15–49, 2018)
Bangladesh
Afghanistan
Papua New Guinea
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Solomon Islands
VanuatuFiji
Indonesia
Nepal Philippines
Cambodia
Georgia
AzerbaijanThailand
Samoa
PakistanTajikistan
KiribatiTonga
Micronesia (Federated States of)
Democratic People's Republic of KoreaMacau, China
JapanMaldives
SingaporeRepublic of Korea
China
Brunei DarussalamAustralia
Sri Lanka
Iran (Islamic Republic of)Viet Nam
French Polynesia
Kyrgyzstan
ArmeniaRussian Federation
New ZealandUzbekistan
New Caledonia
Turkmenistan
Kazakhstan
Guam
India
Malaysia
Timor-Leste
0 1 2 3 4 5 60
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
East and North-East Asia South-East Asia South and South-West AsiaNorth and Central Asia Paci�c
Source: ESCAP Online Statistical Database, 2018. Available at: http://data.unescap.org/escap_stat/ (accessed 5 November 2018); United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision. Available at https://population.un.org/wpp/ (accessed 10 September 2018).
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
Maternal mortality has fallen fast, but remains high in some countriesMaternal mortality ratio, 1994 and 2015
0 300 600 900 1 200 1 500
VanuatuTonga
Solomon IslandsSamoa
Papua New GuineaNew Zealand
Micronesia (Federated States of)Kiribati
AustraliaUzbekistan
TurkmenistanTajikistan
Russian FederationKyrgyzstanKazakhstan
GeorgiaAzerbaijan
ArmeniaTurkey
Sri LankaPakistan
NepalMaldives
Iran (Islamic Republic of)India
BhutanBangladeshAfghanistan
Viet NamTimor-Leste
ThailandSingapore
PhilippinesMyanmarMalaysia
Lao People's Democratic RepublicIndonesiaCambodia
Brunei DarussalamRepublic of Korea
MongoliaJapan
Dem. People's Republic of KoreaChina
MATERNAL DEATHS (PER 100,000 LIVE BIRTHS, WOMEN AGED 15–49)
1994
East and North-East Asia South-East Asia South and South-West AsiaNorth and Central Asia Paci�c 1994 2015
Source: ESCAP Online Statistical Database, 2018. Available at: http://data.unescap.org/escap_stat/ (accessed 5 November 2018).
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
Populations are ageing rapidlyDistribution of the population by age and sex, 2015 and 2050
PERCENTAGE
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
0–4
5–9
10–14
15–19
20–24
25–29
30–34
35–39
40–44
45–49
50–54
55–59
60–64
65–69
70–74
75–79
80–84
85–89
90–94
95–99
100+
Male, 2015 Male, 2050 Female, 2015 Female, 2050
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision. Available at https://population.un.org/wpp/ (accessed 10 September 2018).
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
The region is hosting more than 62 million migrants, trends are rising Number of people living in a country or area other than that in which they were born, top 20 countries with highest numbers of foreign-born population, 1995 and 2017
0 2 million 4 million 6 million 8 million 10 million 12 million
NUMBER OF MIGRANTS
Russian Federation 19952017
Australia 19952017
India 19952017
Turkey 19952017
Kazakhstan 19952017
Thailand 19952017
Pakistan 19952017
Hong Kong, China 19952017
Malaysia 19952017
Iran (Islamic Republic of) 19952017
Singapore 19952017
Japan 19952017
Bangladesh 19952017
Uzbekistan 19952017
Republic of Korea 19952017
New Zealand 19952017
China 19952017
Nepal 19952017
Macao, China 19952017
Indonesia 19952017
East and North-East Asia South-East Asia South and South-West AsiaNorth and Central Asia Paci�c 100,000 migrants
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2017 Revision (POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2017).
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
The region is experiencing rapid urbanization…Percentage of the total population living in urban areas, 1994 and 2018
PERCENTAGE
0 20 40 60 80 100
VanuatuTuvaluTonga
Solomon IslandsSamoa
Papua New GuineaPalau
Northern Mariana IslandsNiue
New ZealandNew Caledonia
NauruMicronesia (Fed. States of)
Marshall IslandsKiribati
GuamFrench Polynesia
FijiCook Islands
AustraliaAmerican Samoa
UzbekistanTurkmenistan
TajikistanRussian Federation
KyrgyzstanKazakhstan
GeorgiaAzerbaijan
ArmeniaTurkey
Sri LankaPakistan
NepalMaldives
Iran (Islamic Republic of)India
BhutanBangladeshAfghanistan
Viet NamTimor-Leste
ThailandSingapore
PhilippinesMyanmarMalaysia
Lao People's Democratic RepublicIndonesiaCambodia
Brunei DarussalamRepublic of Korea
MongoliaMacao, China
JapanHong Kong, China
Dem. People's Republic of KoreaChina
East and North-East Asia South-East Asia South and South-West AsiaNorth and Central Asia Paci�c 1994 2018
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2018): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision, Online Edition. Available from https://population.un.org/wup/Download/(accessed 5 October 2018).
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
…and hosts seven out of the world’s ten largest citiesWorld's largest cities, 1995 and 2018
1995
33
.59
mill
ion
2018
37
.47
mill
ion
INCR
EASE
↑
11.6
%
1995
28
.51 m
illio
n20
18
12.14
mill
ion
INCR
EASE
↑
134.
9%
1995
11
.07
mill
ion
2018
25
.58
mill
ion
INCR
EASE
↑
131.1
%
Toky
o, J
apan
Deh
li, In
dia
Shan
ghai
, Chi
na
Sao
Paul
o, B
razi
l
Mex
ico
City
, Mex
ico
Cair
o, E
gypt
Mum
bai,
Indi
a
Beiji
ng, C
hina
Dha
ka, B
angl
ades
h
Osa
ka, J
apan
1995
15
.91 m
illio
n20
18
21.6
5 m
illio
nIN
CREA
SE ↑
36.1%
1995
17
.02
mill
ion
2018
21
.58
mill
ion
INCR
EASE
↑
26.8
%
1995
11
.96
mill
ion
2018
20
.08
mill
ion
INCR
EASE
↑
67.8
%
1995
14
.14 m
illio
n20
18
19.9
8 m
illio
nIN
CREA
SE ↑
41.4
%
1995
8.
36 m
illio
n20
18
19.6
2 m
illio
nIN
CREA
SE ↑
134.
8%
1995
8.
33 m
illio
n20
18
19.5
8 m
illio
nIN
CREA
SE ↑
135.
0%
1995
18
.94
mill
ion
2018
19
.28
mill
ion
INCR
EASE
↑
1.8%
East and North-East Asia Outside ESCAP region South and South-West Asia
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2018): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision, Online Edition. Available from https://population.un.org/wup/Download/(accessed 5 October 2018).
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
Poverty has been significantly reduced in many countriesPercentage of the population living on less than $1.90 and $3.20 per person a day at 2011 international prices, 1990 and latest year available (between 2010 and 2016)
Latest (2010+)
$3.20$1.90
1990
Latest (2010+)
1990
100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Republic of Korea
Australia
Russian Federation
Malaysia
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Kyrgyzstan
Mongolia
Tuvalu
Fiji
Armenia
Thailand
Sri Lanka
Philippines
Solomon Islands
Lao People's Democratic Republic
ESCAP average
India
Bangladesh
Pakistan
Papua New Guinea
Indonesia
Viet Nam
Bhutan
China
Nepal
Myanmar
HEADCOUNT RATIO (PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION)
Timor-Leste
Source: World Bank PovcalNet: an online analysis tool for poverty measurement. Available at: http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/povOnDemand.aspx (accessed on 5 November 2018).
Note: Latest years are as follows for the respective countries: Armenia - 2016; Australia - 2010; Bangladesh - 2016; Bhutan - 2017; China - 2015; Fiji - 2013; India - 2012; Indonesia - 2017; Islamic Republic of Iran - 2014; Kazakhstan - 2015; Kyrgyzstan - 2016; Lao People’s Democratic Republic - 2012; Malaysia - 2015; Mongolia - 2016; Myanmar - 2015; Nepal - 2010; Pakistan - 2016; Papua New Guinea - 2010; Philippines - 2015; Republic of Korea - 2012; Russian Federation - 2015; Solomon Islands - 2013; Sri Lanka - 2016; Thailand - 2015; Timor-Leste - 2014; Turkey - 2016; Tuvalu - 2010; Viet Nam – 2010.
Population and development in Asia and the Pacific, 2018
People live significantly longer throughout the regionLife expectancy at birth, both sexes combined, 1994 and 2018
0 20 40 60 80 100
WorldVanuatu
TongaSolomon Islands
SamoaPapua New Guinea
New ZealandNew Caledonia
Micronesia (Federated States of)Kiribati
GuamFrench Polynesia
FijiAustralia
UzbekistanTurkmenistan
TajikistanRussian Federation
KyrgyzstanKazakhstan
GeorgiaAzerbaijan
ArmeniaTurkey
Sri LankaPakistan
NepalMaldives
Iran (Islamic Republic of)India
BhutanBangladeshAfghanistan
Viet NamTimor-Leste
ThailandSingapore
PhilippinesMyanmarMalaysia
Lao People's Democratic RepublicIndonesiaCambodia
Brunei DarussalamRepublic of Korea
MongoliaMacao, China
JapanHong Kong, China
Democratic People's Republic of KoreaChina
YEARS
East and North-East Asia South-East Asia South and South-West AsiaNorth and Central Asia Paci�c 1994 2018
Source: ESCAP Online Statistical Database, 2018. Available at: http://data.unescap.org/escap_stat/ (accessed 5 November 2018).