HTM 2118 Hospitality and Culture

Dinatra Jacqueline Joey Lo Samuel CheungTommy Au Vivien Law

Germany-Brief Introduction Country Name: Federal Republic of Germany Area: 357,027 sq km (137,849 sq miles)

Population: 82.5 million (UN, 2008) German 94%, Turks 2.2%

Capital: Berlin, 3.4 million inhabitants Major language: Standard German, with substantial differences in regional dialects. Three very small linguistic minorities speak Serbian, Danish, or Frisian. Major religion: Christianity, Protestant 26%, Roman Catholic 26%, unaffiliated or other 28.3%, Muslim 3.7% National flag : Three horizontal stripes in black, red, golden yellow

Germany- Brief Introduction

Main exports: Motor vehicles, electrical machinery and metals

GNI per capita: US $38,860 (World Bank, 2007) Economy: ** GDP: €2,425 bn GDP per head: €29,500 Annual Growth: 2.5% Inflation: 2.6% (2008)Economic Structure: Services 70%, Industry 30%, Agriculture 1%

German History

Throughout the years, Germany has gone through endless separation and

unification.

1864Franco-

Prussian War starts,

Germany defeated France

1871unification of southern & northern German states by

chancellor Otto von Bismarck

1914 WWI

broke out

Extreme nationalism

Armament race with Britain

Alliance System

Colonial rivalries

Crises in Europe Invasion of Belgium

1919 Germany defeated

in WWI & forced to sign the Treaty of

Versailles

1933 Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany & began dictatorship rule in German

1933 Hitler becomes chancellor of

Germany & began dictatorship rule in German--starts Jews prosecution

1939Germany invades

Poland & the outbreak of WWII

1945 Germany surrenders

& separated into N & S Germany,

Berlin fall under 4 powers’ ruling

1961 Communists build

the Berlin Wall, separated Northern

and Southern Berlin

1990 Berlin Wall collapsed &

Germany reunited

History Influence Nation1. Extreme nationalism racism2. Aryan race VS Jews Concentration camps @ WWII3. Totalitarian rule VS democracy great leaders

Nationalism Influence

Perfection

not easy to relax

less passionate

Intelligentstandardization

Masculine

Patience

formality

Punctuality Conservative

The Fall of The Berlin Wall

After the fall of The Berlin Wall (9, November, 1990) Famous tourist spot

Number of tourists in Berlin: 370% from 1993 to 2008

Attract tourists Tourists are attracted by the historical wall Many hotels have been built since then Nowadays : 1,095 hotels in Berlin

Favor the relationship between Germany and other countries Segments have been given to various institutions around the world

Cultural Items

And Impacts

German CulturePower Distance

Small Large

Uncertainty Avoidance

Weak Strong

GermanyGermany

Hong KongHong Kong

Individualism Vs Collectivism

Individualistic Collectivistic

Masculinity Vs Feminity

Masculine Feminine

High Context Vs Low Context

Low High

GermanyGermany

Hong KongHong Kong

*Reference : International Management , Richard Mead

ArchitectureTraditional trend:The Archaeological Park

Architecture

- UNESCO listed this cultural

landscape World Cultural Heritage

Middle Rhine Valley

- Extends from the ancient Roman city of Koblenz to the legendary Loreley to the wine towns of Bingen and Rüdesheim

ArchitectureBamberg-Town in Bavaria- One of the few cities in Germany that was not destroyed by World War II bombings- UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Unites under the stony eyes of the Bamberger Rider Germany‘s vastest coherent historical centre

ArchitectureCologne: Cathedral

- Roman Catholic church - ‘Exceptional work of human creative genius’ by UNESCO - One of the world's largest churches- Largest Gothic church in Northern Europe

ArchitectureBremen: Schnoor quarter

- Little houses lined up closely together in a row- Originally home to fishers and skippers- A lively historical quarter with a broad variety of architectural styles

ArchitectureFuture trendThe Allianz Arena

Architecture

Düsseldorf: MediaPort

Neuschwanstein Castle - Commissioned by Ludwig II of Bavaria as a retreat and as a homage to the King's inspiring muse

- After the king’s death (1886) the castle was opened to the public

- Inspiration for Sleeping Beauty Castle

Attractions--Munich

Deutsches Museum- First scientific-technological museums in the world- Abundance of technical achievements- Providing comprehensive basic understanding of science and technology

Attractions--Munich

The New Town Hall- Town hall which hosts the city government- Built between 1867 and 1908 in a Gothic Revival architecture style

Attractions--Munich

St. Peter's Church- Oldest recorded parish church in Munich - The originating point for the whole city

- Spiritual centre-point of the Graggenauer district

Attractions--Munich

The Romerberg- Historical market square of old Frankfurt- Place for celebrations and weddings- Nice space to pop into to escape from the Romerberg crowds- Richly decorated during the annual Christmas Market

Attractions—Frankfurt

Dom St. Bartholomaus- Serve as the coronation church of Germanic kings and emperors for hundreds of 300 years- Lines of stone are drawn on in white in the modern reconstruction

Attractions—Frankfurt

Attractions—Frankfurt

The Paulskirche- 1848-1849 The first publicly and freely elected body of Germany- 1849 The Parliament in the Paulskirche was dissolved - After 1852 Used again for religious services

Attractions--BerlinThe Reichstag building- First parliament of the German Empire- Severely damaged in a fire supposedly set by Dutch communist- Reichstag refers to the building Bundestag refers to the institution

Attractions--Berlin

Potsdamer Platz- Public square and traffic intersection in the centre of Berlin - Laid waste during World War II and left desolate during the Cold War era- Risen again as a glittering new heart for the city after the fall of Berlin Wall

Attractions--BerlinThe Brandenburg Gate- Former city gate and main symbols of Berlin and Germany - Only remaining gate of a series through which one formerly entered Berlin

Historical Heritage

Attract tourists- The Neuschwanstein Castle About 1.3 million people visit annually Up to 6,000 per day in the summer - The Deutsches Museum 1.3 million visitors every year- The Brandenburg Gate| One of Europe's most famous landmarks - The Allianz Arena The venue for the 2012 UEFA Champions League

Final

Historical HeritageAffect society- The Neuschwanstein Castle The inspiration for Sleeping Beauty Castle - The Deutsches Museum Providing a comprehensive basic understanding of science and technology-The balcony of The New Town Hall For large festivals Soccer championships or concerts

-The Paulskirche A center used for various displays and events The annual awarding of the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade

Changing building style- Originally full of castles, churches & strongholds- Those are the remaining from WWII- Turn to be Gehry buildings and the new city gate - Old commercial port with its quay walls, the stairs, its cast-iron bollards, the old cargo quay with cranes and warehouses is classified as an historical monument

Historical Heritage

Background- 3rd weekend of September ~ 1st Sunday in October- Beer tents every where- Snacks and beers overnight

Festival

History of Oktoberfest- Originated in a wedding ceremony of royal family- Wedding ceremony of Prince and Princess- Celebration with the public

Oktoberfest

FestivalOktoberfest

- Power Distance: low Distance between royal family and the public Celebration with the public

Festival

Culture- Why beer?

Oktoberfest

Festival

A surge in Munich’s economy

Impact on sectors (September – October)- Food and Beverage Industry- Hotel Industry- Companies preparing entertainment- Society

Oktoberfest

FestivalOktoberfest

- Food and Beverage Industry Amount of food and beverage needed Restaurants run overnight

- Hotel Industry Stay at Munich for a period of time

- Companies preparing entertainment Operate rides, dancing and music shows

- Society Workload Increase Increase employment of part-time workers

FestivalKarneval

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mk0TkMKmvh8&feature=channel

FestivalKarneval

Christmas Market in Meissen

FestivalChristmas

Christmas Day in Munich

Christmas Day in Mainz

FestivalChristmas

Christmas Market in Cologne

Festival

History- Related to religious- NOT originated from Germany

Germany Culture: insanely celebrate- Karneval crazy country- The largest scale and the most famous Christmas market E.g. The origin of Christmas Trees

Karneval and Christmas

FestivalKarneval (Mainly in February) - Tourism Industry Parades and costume-balls more tourists- Society Retail shops buy things for disguise Different hierarchical levels have fun together

Christmas (December)

- Tourism Industry Famous for its romantic Christmas Markets Historic streets full of historic buildings, castles- Society Organizers of the Christmas Markets

Karneval and Christmas

Religion

The basic law of Germany guarantees the freedom of religion No State religion

Two thirds of Germans are Christians- 26M Catholics- 26M Protestants

The rest of them have no religion or have other religions- 3.3M Muslims- 0.1M Jews

Pope Boniface II (530-532) Pope Gregory V (996–999) Bruno von Kärnten,Pope Clement II (1046–1047) Suitger Graf von Morsleben und Hornburg Pope Damasus II (1048) Poppo von BrixenPope Saint Leo IX (1049–1054) Bruno Graf von Egisheim-DagsburgPope Victor II (1055–1057) Gebhard von Dollnstein-HirschbergPope Stephen IX (1057–1058) Friedrich von Lothringen,Pope Adrian VI (1522 –1523) Hadriaen Florenszoon BoeyensPope Benedict XVI(since 2005) Joseph Alois Ratzinger

There were nine German Pope of Catholic Church

Religion

Pope Benedict XVI Joseph Alois Ratzinger- Born in Bavaria, Germany- Appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising in 1977- Elected on 19 April 2005 to be the 253th pope

Religion

Spiritual Travel

Promotion made by the German National Tourist Board

Attracts culture lovers, people with religious beliefs, churches and universities

Pilgrimage Holiday- Passions Plays in Oberammergau- Luther Decade

Passions Plays in Oberammergau- In 1633, bubonic plague was ravaging the region The people in Oberammergau pleaded with God to spare them A vow: passion play every ten years The death rate declined- In 1634,the first passion play was presented

Spiritual Travel

Passions Plays in Oberammergau- About the suffering, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ- The 41th play in 2010- Stage for 102 days between May and October- 8 hours running time with 3 hours meal break- Attracted 420,000 to 530,000 visitors since the 1930's

Spiritual Travel

Luther Decade - 9/2008 to 10/2017- 500 years since the reformation- Coordinates with regional marketing organizations, the Protestant churches, tour operators and town associated with Luther Packages

Spiritual Travel

Martin Luther- Initiated the Protestant Reformation Confronted indulgence salesmen with his “The Ninety-Five Theses” in 1517 Disputed their claims: God's punishment of sin could be purchased with money

- The first person to translate and publish the Bible in German dialect Fostered the development of standard version of the German language Added several principles to translation

Spiritual Travel

Attract tourists People come to watch the Passions Plays in Oberammergau Tickets were already on sale in spring 2009 During the Luther Decade, protestant Christians will focus on Germany People come to explore the history of Martin Luther Hospitality make arrangements

Strengthen Germany’s position as an international cultural destination

More people will have a deeper understanding about Christianity

Spiritual Travel

Adidas

A German-based sports apparel manufacturer- Consists of Reebok sportswear Company Taylor-Made-addidas golf company, and Rockport.- Bags, shirts, watches, eyewear- Largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe - Second biggest sportswear manufacturer in the world, after its U.S. rival Nike.

Brands

PUMA

A large German multinational company - Produces high-end athletic shoes, lifestyle footwear- Known for its association football shoes - Sponsored footballers and Jamaica track athlete Usain Bolt.- Best–known product: Suede Basketball Shoe Introduced in 1968

Brands

Between the 16th and 19th centuries, German musicalAchievements were almost unrivalled.

Receives generous government subsidies and every majorCity has its own operatic company.

Several states have their own academies of music.( 50 universities of music and performing arts)

German love carrying an accordion and performing on the street.

People always dress properly (e.g. evening dress/tuxedo)to hear a concert in the concert hall.

Music

Types of Music

Classical Music- Most cultural institutions are maintained by the states and municipalities.- 80 publicly financed concert halls in Germany- The best orchestra: Berlin Philharmonic

Jazz and Blues- Dozens of clubs host live music most evenings- Jazz capital : Frankfurt

Rock pop- Influenced by Britain and America.-“Pop Academy” in Mannheim

Types of Music

Virtuoso ( Yesterday Vs Today)There are two representatives in 15th-20th century.

Johann Sebastian Bach ( 1685 – 1750 )- Virtuoso Baroque Church Music- Perfected the stringent “ art of the fugue”- Wrote more than 200 cantata and oratories

Ludwig van Beethoven ( 1770 – 1827 )- Pioneer of Romanticism- Brought a completely new measure of personal expression and sensibility to bear in music.

Types of Music

- Usually held in the summer and early autumn- Most popular Festival Dedicated to the works of a single composer e.g. Wagner in Bayreuth

- Different types of music have different music events Jazz and Blues : Frankfurt’s German Jazz Festival Opera : Outdoor opera festival in Berlin Classical Music : International Music Festival Heidelberger Fruhling Pop Music : Love Parade in Dortmund

Music Festivals

Theater

- Germany posses a theater system that is admired the world ever

- Even small towns boast opera houses and ballet troupes as well as theaters

- Create images of our life

- Theater giant: with 120 public theaters with more than 750 stages and 185 private theaters. Best-known venues : Thalia Theater in Hamburg

Famous attractions (Related to music)

Baden-Baden Festival Theatre

Bayreuth – monument to a genius

The Semper Opera House National Theatre

People go for experiencing the culture of music- Especially classical music 9 classical music festival every year

Most cultural institutions are maintained by the states and municipalities.

Attract tourists Participating in music festival and competitions. Studying in music. There are nearly 50 universities of music and performing arts. F&B outlets should adopt menus with international cuisine. Society may contain multi- cultureAffect individuals in Germany Know more about music.

The Land of Music

Invention of Car

The birthplace of the modern automobile

Karl Benz-A German engine designer- Invented the first petrol-powered automobile- He was granted a patent for the first two-stroke engine in 1879

Car Adventure

Long tradition of car manufacturing Top car-producing countryBrands: Mercedes-Benz Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW) AUDI

Car museumsScenic routesCar racing

Car museums- Mercedes Benz Museum in Stuttgart- Deutsches Museum in Munich- Motorsport museum in Hockengeimring- Motortechnica Museum in Bad Oeynhausen

- History of motorcar- Exhibitions of vintage cars, motorbike, trackers, locomotives, steam engines and trucks- Information about technology

Car Adventure

Scenic routes- 150 holiday routes German Wine Route Route of industrial Heritage Lower Saxony Milk Route- Countryside, castles, palaces, gardens, heritages, culinaryCar racing- Formula 1 in Hockenheim German Grand Prix Attracts 120,000 fans- HEW Cyclassics Cup in Hamburg

Car Adventure

Attract tourists, especially car lovers Visiting different car museums Watching the car racing

The themed holiday routes International tourists drive themselves to explore More German takes their holidays in Germany 2008: 313M domestic overnight stays 1.9% Revenue generated by domestic travel 7%

People will know more about cars Fancy More merchandisers and wholesalers

Car Adventure

Food

BratwurstGerman sausage

made of pork

Black Forest hamSmoked ham

Black puddingSausage made by

cooking blood with a filler

Drink- Beer- Ebbelelwoi Apple wine which principally in Hessen - Schnapps Available in hundreds of varieties- Kirschwasser Cherry spirit, principally from the Black Forest - Rhineland wines

References• Photos: Yahoo• Incoming-Tourism Germany edition 2009 GNTB• Annual Report 2008 GNTB• Facts about Germany, Societats- Verlag, Frankfurt/ Main, in collaboration with the German Federal foreign Office • http://www.germany-tourism.de/• Live & Work in Germany, Ian Collier, Vacation Work, “Entertainment and Culture”, Music P. 163-164• Germany , Wydwnictwo Wiedze, Warsaw, DK, ”Music in Germany” P.24 -25• http://www.muenchen.de/Rathaus/1336/index.html•http://www.xanten.de/en/tourism/sights/archaeological_park_xanten/

• http://es.geocities.com/sucellus23/telos26.htm• http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?

_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V9R47HK4BP1&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1048275310&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=7df2cb9c7a21047d95da1957e94db2e5

• http://library.thinkquest.org/26576/introductionpage.htm

• Sweeping the German nation [electronic resource] : domesticity and national identity in Germany, 187

• Reagin, Nancy Ruth, 1960-• New York : Cambridge University Press, 2007 

References

• http://www.germanytravel.com.tw/?cat=26&paged=3

• http://lifetype.hhjhs.tp.edu.tw/post/123/1547• http://www.aswatson.com/c_news_05_May_5.htm• Http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Germany/Dining• http://www.whenwegetthere.com/

tourist_destination_attraction/europe/germany/_/munich/2_183_3051_3567/munich.jsp

• http://www.travelsthroughgermany.com/website2/bratwurst.htm

References

•http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/685633/obera mmergau_passion_play.html?cat=16•http://www.passionplay-berammergau.com/index.php?id=126•http://www.greatsite.com/timeline-english-bible- history/martin-luther.html

References

ENJOY THE VIEDO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UQaBYJThtDo