THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL

COPENHAGEN21-22 JUNE 1993

Documents in the dossier include:

Copenhagen European CouncilReproduced from the Bulletin of the European Communities, No.6/1993

Copenhagen European Council

Copenhagen, 21 and 22 June

1.1. The meeting of Heads of State orGovernment was chaired by Mr RasmussenPresident of the Council and Prime Ministerof Denmark, and attended by Mr DelorsPresident of the Commission, and Mr van denBroek , Member of the Commission. Duringhis customary meeting with the members ofthe European Council, Mr Klepsch, Presidentof the European Parliament, gave a rundownof Parliament's position on the main items onthe summit agenda, with particular referenceto the economic and social situation in theCommunity. He called upon the MemberStates to review their position with regard tothe duties of the Ombudsman and the regu-lations governing their performance. Klepsch urged the national parliaments to

press ahead with ratification not only of theTreaty on European Union but also of theAgreement setting up the European EconomicArea and the 'Europe Agreements ' with thecountries of Central and Eastern Europe.

Unemployment and the economic recessioneclipsed all other issues at Copenhagen, withthe European Council demonstrating itsresolve to tackle the problems at Communitylevel through a series of short- and long-termmeasures. Backing Mr Delors s analysis of thestrengths and weaknesses of the Europeaneconomy, the European Council approved thepoints for consideration put forward by theCommission President and instructed theCommission to present a White Paper on along-term strategy to promote growth, com-petitiveness and employment to the EuropeanCouncil in Brussels next December. The Euro-pean Council acknowledged the necessity ofimmediate measures to kick-start the economy.In this context it invited the EIB, in cooper-ation with the Commission, to increase by

ECU 3 billion the temporary facility of ECU5 billion agreed in Edinburgh and to extend itsduration beyond 1994. This would be used to

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develop the trans-European networks (ECU 2billion) and to strengthen the competitivenessof small and medium-sized enterprises (ECU Ibillion). The European Council also welcomedthe suggestion put forward by Mr Delors fora ECU 5 billion bridging facility to boostinvestment projects under the StructuralFunds.

The European Council stressed the overridingimportance of creating such economic andbudgetary conditions as will permit a rapidcut in interest rates in Europe, a fundamentalprerequisite for economic recovery and thepromotion of investment.

Having confirmed that the accession of Aus-tria, Finland, Sweden and Norway is to beaccomplished by I January 1995 , the EuropeanCouncil welcomed the adoption by the Com-mission of its opinions in respect of the mem-bership applications from Cyprus and Malta.

The European Council also conveyed .a veryexplicit political message to the countries Central and Eastern Europe by providing themwith the assurance that, in accordance with theCommission communication 'Towards a closerassociation with the countries of Central andEastern Europe , associated countries that wishto become full members of the Union will beadmitted as soon as they satisfy the requisitepolitical and economic conditions. In this con-text, the European Council acknowledged theneed for a reinforced and extended multilateraldialogue and concertation on matters of com-mon interest as well as the need to accelerateefforts to open up Community markets. It alsoacknowledged the necessity of providingadequate support for Albania and endorsed

the implementation of free-trade agreementswith the Baltic States , as a prelude to the con-clusion of Europe Agreements once the necess-ary conditions have been met. The EuropeanCouncil welcomed the progress made in thenegotiations on a partnership agreement withRussia.

Conclusions of the Presidency

After reviewing the situation in the former

Yugoslavia, the European Council encouragedthe negotiators at the International Conferenceon the former Yugoslavia to pursue theirefforts to promote a fair and viable settlementacceptable to all three constituent peoples ofBosnia-Hercegovina. It decided to respondpositively to the request of the UN Secretary-General and to provide men and money tohelp implement the UN Security Council resol-utions on safe areas.

Reiterating the guidelines laid down at itsmeeting in Lisbon, the European Councilreaf-firmed the need to intensify cooperation andfurther develop relations with Turkey with aview to establishing a customs union betweenthat country and the Community. Underliningits determination to see the Communityrelationship with the Maghreb countries placedat a level of importance and intensity whichcorresponds to the close links which have beenformed by geography and history, the Euro-pean Council invited the Council to approvethe draft directives currently being examinedfor a partnership agreement with Morocconoting with satisfaction the Commissionintention to submit draft directives for thenegotiation of a similar agreement with Tun-isia.

. The European Council took note of the con-clusions adopted by Foreign Ministers con-cerning Africa (South Africa, Sudan, SomaliaAngola, Mozambique, Liberia, Malawi, Zaireand Nigeria), the Middle East, Central Amer-ica and Cambodia.

The European Council strongly condemnedthe attacks on immigrants and refugees in anumber of Member States and pledged to useall available means to combat such manifes-tations of racism and intolerance.

With regard to subsidiarity and openness, theEuropean Council welcomed the action takenby the Commission, particularly in the area ofpublic access to Community documents, andinvited the Council and the European Parlia-ment to settle any outstanding issues relatingto the establishment of the EuropeanOmbudsman.

Conclusionsof the Presidency

Introduction

1.2. The European Council welcomed the outcomeof the Danish referendum and the prospect of arapid completion of ratification procedures on theMaastricht Treaty in all Member States. It is deter-mined that this important step should mark theending of a prolonged period of uncertainty on theCommunity s direction and be the occasion for theUnion to meet with renewed vigour and determi-nation the many challenges with which it is facedinternally and externally, making full use of thepossibilities offered by the new Treaty. The prin-ciples spelled out by the European Councils inBirmingham and Edinburgh regarding democracy,subsidiarity and openness will guide the implemen-tation of the new Treaty with a view to bringing theCommunity closer to its citizens.

The European Council in Copenhagen gave specialattention, on the one hand, to action aimed at tack-ling the economic and social problems faced by theCommunity and particularly the unacceptably highlevel of unemployment and, on the other hand, tothe wide range of issues relating to peace and secur-ity in Europe. it recognizes that only by provingthat the Comm'.lnity is instrumental in contributingto the security and well-being of all the citizens canthe Community count on continued public supportfor the construction of Europe.

The members of the European Council held anexchange of views with the President of the Euro-pean Parliament. The discussion took place againstthe background of the increased political and legis~lative role which the European Parliament will haveunder the Treaty of Maastricht. The EuropeanCouncil underlined the importance of making thebest possible use of those provisions while fullyrespecting the institutional balance set out in theMaastricht Treaty. It at the same time stressed theneed for national Parliaments to be more closelyinvolved in the Community s activities. It welcomedthe growing contacts between national parliamentsand the European Parliament.

Growth, competitiveness amiunemployment

References:Proposal for an addition to the Protocol on the

Statute of the European Investment Bank empowering

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Conclusions of the Presidency

the EIB Board of Governors to establish a EuropeanInvestment Fund; proposal for a Council Decision onCommunity membership of the European InvestmentFund: OJ C 37, 11.2. 1993; COM(93) 3; Bull. EC 1/2-1993, point 1.2.40

Commission working paper and Council con-clusions on the Edinburgh declaration on promotingeconomic recovery in Europe: Bull. EC 4- 1993, points1.2.27 and 1.2.

Proposal for a Council Regulation amending

Regulation (EEC) No 2052/88 on the tasks of theStructural Funds and their effectiveness and on coor-dination of their activities between themselves andwith the operations of the European Investment Bankand the other existing financial instruments; proposalfor a Council Regulation amending Regulation (EEC)No 4253/88 laying down provisions for implementingRegulation (EEC) No 20.52/88; proposal for a CouncilRegulation amending Regulation (EEC) No 4254/88laying down provisions for implementing Regulation(EEC) No 20.52/88 as regards the European RegionalDevelopment Fund; proposal for a Council Regu-lation amending Regulation (EEC) No 4255/88 layingdown provisions for implementing Regulation (EEC)No 20.52/88 as regards the European Social Fund;proposal for a Council Regulation amending Regu-

lation (EEC) No 4256/88 laying down provisions forimplementing Regulation (EEC) No 20.52/88 asregards the EAGGF Guidance Section; proposal fora Council Regulation laying down provisions forimplementing Regulation (EEC) No 20.52/88 asregards the financial instrument for fisheries guidance:Bull. EC 5- 1993, point 1.2.

Commission communication on transport infra-structure accompanied by a proposal for a Regulationamending Council Regulation No 3359/90. for anaction programme in the field of transport infrastruc-ture with a view to the completion of the integratedtransport market in 1992 , a proposal for a CouncilDecision on the trans-European road network and aproposal for a Council Decision on the developmentof a European inland waterway network: COM(92)230.; Bull. EC 6- 1992, point 1.3.

Commission communication to the European Par-liament and to the Council on trans-European data-communications networks between administrationsaccompanied by a proposal for a Council Decisionon a series of guidelines on trans-European data-communications networks between administrationsand a proposal for a Council Decision adopting a

multiannual Community programme to support theimplementation of trans-European networks for theinterchange of data between administrations (IDA):

OJ C 105 , 16.4.1993; COM(93) 69; Bull. EC 3- 1993

point 1.2.Proposal for a Council Decision on inter-adminis-

tration telematics networks for statistics relating tothe trading of goods between Member States (Comedi- Commerce electronic data interchange): OJ C 8727. 1993, COM(93) 73; Bull. EC 3- 1993 , point 1.2.

/.3. The European Council is deeply concerned

about the present unemployment situation and thegrave dangers inherent in a development where an

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increasing number of people in the Community arebecoming permanently detached from the labourmarket. The European Council pledged the determi-nation of the Community and its Member States torestore confidence through the implementation of aclear strategy covering both the short term andmedium to long term to restore sustainable

growth, reinforce the competitiveness of Europeanindustry and reduce unemployment.

Short-term measures

1.4. The European Council agreed that concertedeconomic action based on the principles set outin 'The plan of action of Member States and theCommunity to promote growth and to combatunemployment' established by the EuropeanCouncil in Edinburgh, should continue to be giventhe highest priority. It welcomed the initial packageof national and Community measures establishedby the Council (economic and financial affairs) atits meeting on 19 April and noted with satisfactionthat some Member States have since thenimplemented new and additional measures with thesame objective in mind.

The promotion of investment is crucial.

The European Council agreed that on the nationallevel this objective should be given particularimportance by Member States in their nationalbudget planning for 1994. The bringing forward intime of public investment, in particular on infra-

structure, environment protection and urbanrenewal, as well as the promotion of private invest-ment (with special attention to small and medium-sized enterprises and housing), are of particularimportance in the present phase of the economiccycle in Europe. However, lower taxes on labourwould enhance European industrial competi-tiveness. In connection with this, considerationshould also be given to fiscal measures to reduceconsumption of scarce energy resources.

Although further national action will depend each Member State s room for manoeuvre, full

account should be taken of the multiplier effect ofthe internal market, which supports national policyaimed at economic recovery, and of the positiveeffects on national budgets which would result fromincreased growth.

On the Community level the European Councilinvited the EIB, in cooperation with the Com-mission, to increase by ECU 3 billion the temporaryfacility of ECU 5 billion agreed in Edinburgh andto extend its duration beyond 1994; ECU 2 billionwould be for the trans-European networks and

Conclusions of the Presidency

ECU 1 billion for strengthening the competitivenessof European small and medium-sized enterprises.The Council is invited to examine how the partavailable for small and medium-sized enterprisescould benefit from interest-rate subsidies to maximum of three percentage points over five years.The interest subsidy would be linked to employmentcreation (similar to existing ECSC loans) and wouldbe funded within existing financial perspectives. TheEuropean Council will review the amount for thesmall and medium~sized enterprises facility at itsmeeting in December in the light of its utilization.

The European Council underlined the importanceof a rapid implementation of the Communitystructural policy programme for the period 1994-99. The implementation of this ECU 160 billionprogramme (equal in real terms to three times theMarshall Aid programme) is essential for cohesion,as well as for growth and employment creation notonly in the less favoured areas of the Community butthroughout the Community. The European Counciltherefore called on the institutions to ensure theformal adoption before the .end of July 1993 ofthe Structural Funds Regulations. It noted that thePresident of the European Parliament agreed withthis objective. The legal texts as well as the practicalimplementation should fully respect the agreementreached on the Delors II package in Edinburgh.

In addition, and in order to boost ahead of schedule. the investment projects under the Structural Funds,the European Council agreed that the Council willexamine a proposal from the Commission thatwould enable Member States to draw on a Com-munity 'bridging facility ' at market interest rates upto a maximum of ECU 5 billion available until theend of 1995. Repayment of this Community loanwould be drawn from Structural Fund appropri-ations in subsequent years. Similar arrangements

could be applied to the Cohesion Fund.

The European Council underlined the importance offully exploiting the new provisions in the MaastrichtTreaty relating to the promotion of Trans-Europeannetworks of the highest quality, in the context ofpromoting economic and industrial growthcohesion, the effective functioning of the internalmarket and encouraging European industry to makefull use of modern information technology. TheEuropean Council invited the Commission and theCouncil to complete by early 1994 the network plansin all the relevant sectors (transport, telecommuni-cations and energy) while noting with satisfactionthe progress made on high-speed trains, roadsinland waterways and combined transport. It alsocalled on the Council to consider rapidly the Com-mission proposals on telematic networks. The

Council will also examine, on a proposal from theCommission, the link up between the peripheralMember States and the central regions of the Com-munity.

The extended duration and the increased amount ofthe Edinburgh temporary facility now agreed willpermit a further important contribution to these

networks. Trans-European projects which havereceived the endorsement of the Communitythrough a 'Declaration of Community interest' willbe privileged under this instrument and other Com-munity financial instruments.

Medium and long-term measuresto promote competitivenessand employment

/.5. The European Council agreed that macro-

economic policy should be supplemented by struc-tural measures in each Member State adapted totheir individual characteristics in order to achieve asignificant reduction of the unacceptably high levelof unemployment in particular among youngpeople, those unemployed for a long time and themost socially excluded.

The European Council heard an analysis by thePresident of the Commission on the competitivesituation of the European economy. It fullyendorsed his diagnosis.

The European Council welcomed the presentationby President Delors of a medium-term Europeanplan for economic revival

, '

Entering the 21st cen~

tury , attached to these conclusions (see Annex I).The European Council invited the Commission topresent a white paper on a medium-term strategyfor growth, competitiveness and employment forconsideration at its meeting of December 1993.

Member States will submit to the Commissionbefore 1 September, proposals for specific elementswhich might be included in this initiative. The Euro-pean Council invited the Commission to prepare itswhite paper in good time for it to be taken intoconsideration in the preparatory work to be doneby the Council with regard to the broad guidelines

for economic policy for the Community and itsMember States. The social partners will be consultedby the Commission.

The European Council recalled that under the pro-visions of the Treaty on European Union it has toexamine such guidelines. It invited the Council, ona proposal from the Commission, to submit to theEuropean Council in Brussels in December draftguidelines based on the objectives set out in the

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Conclusions of the Presidency

previous paragraphs concerning both short-termand medium-term aspects, with a view to promotingsustainable non-inflationary growth respecting theenvironment.

Monetary and exchange-rate policy6. Monetary policy and exchange-rate stability

are key factors in both the short and medium-termcomponents of .a strategy to restore growth andreduce unemployment. The European Councilagreed on the overriding importance of creatingthe budgetary and economic conditions for rapidlybringing interest rates in Europe down, thereby nar-rowing the existing gap between interest rates inEurope and interest rates in other major industrialcountries. Movements in this direction will be essen-tial for economic recovery and in order to promoteinvestment in Europe.

The European Council reviewed recent develop-ments in the exchange-rate situation. It felt that

the orientations agreed at the informal meeting ofEconomic and Finance Ministers in Kolding inrelation to the EMS go in the right direction. TheEuropean Council recalled that the exchange-ratepolicy of all Member States is a matter of commoninterest. It underlined the essential role to be playedby the European Monetary Institute (EMI) in thisarea. It invited the Commission to present proposalson all the necessary implementing measures relatingto Stage II of economic and monetary union, so

that they can be adopted by the Council as soon aspossible after entry into force of the Treaty andbefore I January 1994.

International aspects

1.7. The effect of action by the Community andits Member States will be increased through inter-national coordination of policy. In this connectionthe European Council welcomed the outcome of thejoint EC-EFTA meeting of Economic and FinanceMinisters held in April and invited the Council

(economic and financial affairs) to continue to main-tain close contacts with the EFT A countries in thisarea. With regard to the global economy the Euro-pean Council looks to the G7 summit in Tokyo toprovide an agreed basis for a determined effort topromote growth in the world economy.

The single marketand common policies

Reference: Council conclusions on road transport tax-

ation: point 1.2. 111 of this Bulletin

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1.8. At a time when the problems of creating econ-omic growth and stimulating employment are ofincreasing concern, the existence of a large singlemarket of 350 million people is a major asset forthe Community.

The European Council welcomed the recentdecisions of the Council (internal market) and calledon it to adopt rapidly the last remaining measureswhich are of major importance for the proper oper-ation of the single market.

On transport, the European Council noted withsatisfaction that the recent agreement on road trans-port taxation has cleared the way for fullliberaliza-tion of the activities of roadhauliers within theCommunity to take its place beside the existingliberalization of air and maritime transport.

The single market has been a legal reality since1 January 1993; it is essential that it should alsobecome a smoothly-running practical reality,improving the competitiveness of the Europeaneconomy and yielding maximum economic andsocial benefit for the citizen. To that end, the Euro-pean Council called on all concerned, .and in particu-lar the Commission and the competent authoritiesof the Member States, to work together to ensurethat the single market is administered efficientlywith as little red tape as possible.

The European Council stressed that the single mar-ket cannot be brought about without the fullimplementation of free movement of persons as wellas of goods, services and capital, in accordance withArticle 8a of the Treaty. This requires measures

in particular with regard to cooperation aimed atcombating crime and drug trafficking and ensuringeffective control of the external borders.

The European Council invited the responsible Min-isters to bring their work on these measures forwardas a matter of great urgency. With regard to thelast outstanding issue on the External Frontiers

Convention, the European Council noted with satis-faction that the Member States concerned haveexpressed their determination to make every effortto reach a mutually acceptable solution as soon as

possible.

GATT

9. The European Council welcomed the Com-mission s report on progress in the Uruguay Roundto date. It underlined the need for the Community tocontinue to play an active part in achieving further

Conclusions of the Presidency

progress while preserving the European identitythroughout the negotiations.

The European Council stressed that it was essentialto relaunch the multilateral process in Geneva assoon as possible on all topics, including agriculturein order to complete a comprehensive, durable andbalanced agreement before the end of the year. Thiswas urgently needed in order to create the new,rules-based world trading system in which unilateralaction is ruled out. A round concluded on this basiswill promote the durable expansion of internationaltrade which is a key to the promotion of economicgrowth and job creation in Europe and throughoutthe world.

Early identification of the main elements of a largemarket access component and real progress on ser-vices and intellectual property, including contri-butions from all GATT partners, would help tomaintain momentum and pave the way for the con-clusion in time of the final package.

Enlargement

Reference: Ministerial conferences on the accession ofAustria, Finland, Norway and Sweden to the Euro-pean Union: points 1.3.2 to 1.3.5 of this Bulletin

1.10. The European Council took note of progressin the enlargement nego~iations with Austria, Fin-

land, Sweden and Norw~ly. It noted that the initialdifficulties encountered in launching the nego-tiations had now been overcome and that the paceof the negotiations was speeding up. It recalledthat the negotiations will, to the extent possible

be conducted in parallel, while dealing with eachcandidate on its own merit.

The European Council invited the Commission, theCouncil, and the candidate countries to ensure thatthe negotiations proceed constructively andexpeditiously. The European Council is determinedthat the objective of the first enlargement of theEuropean Union in accordance with the guidelineslaid down by the Lisbon and Edinburgh EuropeanCouncils should become a reality by I January 1995.

Relations with Malta and Cypms

References:Commission opinion on Cyprus s membership

application: COM(93) 313; point 1.3.6 of this BulletinCommission opinion on Malta s membership

application: COM(93) 312; point 1.3.7 of this Bulletin

I.1 1. The European Council considered that itsguidelines with regard to enlargement with theEFT A countries shall be without prejudice to thesituation of other countries which have applied tojoin the Union. The Union will consider each ofthese membership applications on its own merits.

The European Council welcomed the Commissionintention to present shortly its opinions on Maltaand on Cyprus. These opinions will be. examinedrapidly by the Council taking into consideration theparticular situation of each of the two countries.

Relations with Turkey

Reference: Conclusions of the Lisbon EuropeanCouncil: Bull. EC 6- 1992, point 1.4

12. With regard to Turkey, the EuropeanCouncil asked the Council to ensure that there isnow an effective implementation of the guidelineslaid down by the European Council in Lisbon onintensified cooperation and development ofrelations with Turkey in line with the prospect laiddown in the Association Agreement of 1964 andthe Protocol of 1970 as far as it relates to theestablishment of a customs union.

Relations with the countriesof Central ami Eastern Europe

References:Commission communication 'Towards a closer

association with the countries of Central and EasternEurope : Bull. EC 4- 1993, point 1.3.

Council conclusions on financial assistance toAlbania: point 1. 34 of this Bulletin

The associated countries

13. The European Council held a thorough dis-cussion on the relations between the Communityand the countries of Central and Eastern Europewith which the Community has concluded or plansto conclude Europe agreements ('associatedcountries ), on the basis of the Commission s com-munication prepared at the invitation of the Edin-burgh European Council.

The European Council welcomed the courageousefforts undertaken by the associated countries tomodernize their economies, which have been weak-ened by 40 years of central planning, and to ensure

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Conclusions of the Presidency

a rapid transition to a market economy. The Com-munity and its Member States pledge their supportto this reform process. Peace.and security in Europedepend on the success of those efforts.

The European Council today agreed that the associ~ated countries in Central and Eastern Europe thatso desire shall become members of the EuropeanUnion. Accession will take place as soon as anassociated country is able to assume the obligationsof membership by satisfying the economic and pol-itical conditions required.

Membership requires that the candidate countryhas achieved stability of institutions guaranteeingdemocracy, the rule oflaw, human rights and respectfor and protection of minorities, the existence of afunctioning market economy as well as the capacityto cope with competitive pressure and market forceswithin the Union. Membership presupposes the can-didate s ability to take on the obligations of mem-bership including adherence to the aims ofpoliticaleconomic and monetary union.

The Union s capacity to absorb new members, whilemaintaining the momentum of European inte~gration is also an important consideration in thegeneral interest of both the Union and the candidatecountries.

The European Council will continue to followclosely progress in each associated country towardsfulfilling the conditions of accession to the Unionand draw the appropriate conclusions.

The European Council agreed that the future coop-eration with the associated countries shall be gearedto the objective of membership which has now beenestablished. In this context the European Councilapproved the following:

0 The Community proposes that the associatedcountries enter into a .structured relationship withthe institutions of the Union within the frameworkof a reinforced and extended multilateral dialogueand concertation on matters of common interest.The arrangements, which are set out in Annex II tothese conclusions , include dialogue and concertationon a broad range of topics and in several forums.Where appropriate in addition to regular meet-

ings between the President of the European Counciland the President of the Commission with theircounterparts from the associated countries jointmeetings of all the Heads of State or Governmentcan be held to discuss specific predetermined issues.

0 The European Council, recognizing the crucialimportance of trade in the transition to a marketeconomy, agreed to accelerate the Communityefforts to open up its markets. It expected this stepforward to go hand in hand with further develop-

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ment of trade between those countries themselvesand between them and their traditional trading part-ners. It approved the trade concessions establishedby the Council (general affairs) at its meeting on8 June. It invited the Council to adopt, on a pro~posal from the Commission, the necessary legal textsbefore the summer holidays.

0 The Community will continue to devote a con-siderable part of the budgetary resources foreseenfor external action to the Central and East Europeancountries, in particular through the PHARE pro-gramme. The Community will also make full use ofthe possibility foreseen under the temporary lendingfacility of the EIB to finance trans-European net-work projects involving the countries of Central andEastern Europe. Where appropriate, part of theresources under the PHARE programme may beused for major infrastructural improvements, inaccordance with the arrangements agreed by theCouncil on 8 June.

0 The European Council , welcoming the possi-bility offered to the associated countries to partici-pate in Community programmes under the EuropeAgreements, invited the Commission to make pro-posals before the end of the year for opening upfurther programmes to the associated countries, tak-ing as a point of departure those programmes whichare already open for participation by the EFT

countries.0 The European Council underlined the import-ance of approximation of laws in the associatedcountries to those applicable in the Community,in the first instance with regard to distortion ofcompetition and, in addition in the perspective

of accession to protection of workers, the

environment and consumers. It agreed that .officialsfrom the associated countries should be offeredtraining in Community law and practice and decidedthat a task force composed of representatives ofthe Member States and the Commission shall beestablished to coordinate and direct this work.0 The precise modalities regarding the above mat-ters are set out in Annex II.

Other Central and East Europeancountries

14. The European Council discussed the econ.omic situation in Albania. It welcomed the con-clusions of the Council (economic and financialaffairs) on 7 June and the recognition by the Com-munity of the need to ensure adequate support

through grants , loans or both to Albania. The Euro-pean Council also underlined the importance ofmaking full use of the provisions relating to political

Conclusions of the Presidency

dialogue foreseen under the present agreement withAlbania.

In order to strengthen the trade and commerciallinks between the three Baltic States and the Com-munity, the European Council invited the Com-mission to submit proposals for developing the exist-ing trade agreements with the Baltic States into free-trade agreements. It remains the objective of theCommunity to conclude Europe Agreements withthe Baltic States as soon as the necessary conditionshave been met.

Pact on stability in Europe

15. The European Council discussed the Frenchproposal for an initiative to be taken by the Euro-pean Union in favour of a pact on stability inEurope. This initiative is directed towards assuringin practice the application of the principles agreed

by European countries with regard to respect forborders and rights of minorities. The EuropeanCouncil agreed that recent events in Europe haveshown that action in these areas is timely and appro-priate. It welcomed the idea of using the instrumentof 'joint action' in accordance with the proceduresprovided for in the common foreign and securitypolicy.

The European Council invited the Council (generalaffairs) to examine the proposal and report to itsmeeting in December 1993 with a view to conveninga preparatory conference on the pact.

Russia

References:Council Decision amending the negotiating direc-

tives for the partnership and cooperation agreementwith Russia: Bull. EC 4- 1993, point 1.3.18

Proposal for a Council Decision amendingDecision 77(270jEuratom to authorize the Com-mission to contract Euratom borrowings in order tocontribute to the financing required for improvingthe degree of efficiency and safety of nuclear powerstations in certain non-member countries: point 1.5.of this Bulletin

1.16. The European Council welcomed the newinitiatives in the area of political reforms in Russiaundertaken by President Yeltsin. It hopes theseefforts will be successful and contribute to consoli-dating democracy and a market economy.

The European Council welcomed the progress maderecently in the negotiations on a partnership andcooperation agreement with Russia. It expressed itshope for an early conclusion of such an agreement,in the context of creating a contractual relationshipbetween the Community and Russia which reflectsthe political and economic role which Russia playson the international scene and where consultations

also at the highest level are a regular feature

of the relationship.

The European Council is looking forward to con-tinuing the close cooperation with Russia in thepolitical field and to jointly contributing to the sol-ution of international crises. This is seen as anessential contribution to peace and stability in Eur-ope and the world. The European Council agreedto propose regular Community meetings betweenits President, the President of the Commission andthe Russian President.

The European Council expressed its readiness tocontinue and enhance its support for the Russianreform process. The coming 07 summit is seen as atimely opportunity to further the substantial effortsalready made to support the reform measures under-way in Russia as well as other countries of theformer Soviet Union. The European Council tookstock of the preparation of the discussion at the 07summit On aid to Russia. The Community and itsMember States attached particular importance toprogress in Tokyo on issues relating to nuclearsafety (power stations, nuclear waste, and disman-tling of nuclear weapons). It welcomed in this con~text the substantial follow-up now being given tothe guidelines laid down by the European Councilin Lisbon including the agreement recently reachedby the Council (economic and financial affairs) onEuratom loans aimed at improving safety in nuclearpower stations in former Soviet Union republics aswell as in Central and East European countries.

The European Council also stressed the importanceof putting the European Energy Charterinto practi-cal reality.

The European Council pledged the support of theCommunity to other concrete steps to promote theefficiency of aid directed towards Russia and toconcrete projects aimed at accelerating the processof privatization, in particular through appropriatetraining of Russian entrepreneurs in the context oftechnical assistance. The European Council emphas-ized that the effectiveness of aid efforts depends onthe existence of stability-oriented economic policiesin Russia.

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Conclusions of the Presidency

Ukraine

17. The European Council expressed keen inter-est in expanding cooperation with Ukraine. Sub-stantial progress towards the fulfilment by Ukraineof its commitments under the Lisbon Protocol toratify START 1 and to accede to the Non-Prolifer-ation Treaty as a non-nuclear weapons State isessential for Ukraine s full integration into the inter-national community and would promote the devel-opment of its relations with the Community and itsMember States.

Former Yugoslavia

!.l8. The European Council adopted the declar-ation on Bosnia-Hercegovina set out in Annex III.

Relations with the Maghreb countries

Reference: Recommendation for a Council Decisionauthorizing the Commission to open negotiations on aEuro-Maghreb association agreement with Morocco:Bull. EC 12- 1992, point 1.4.

19. The European Council recalled its determi~nation to see the relationship with the Maghrebcountries placed at a level of importance and inten-sity which corresponds to the close links which havebeen formed by geography and history. This shouldbe done within the framework of an upgraded part-nership between the Union and the individualMaghreb countries.

The European Council invited the Council toapprove rapidly the draft directives presently beingexamined for a partnership agreement with Mor-occo.

It took note with satisfaction of the Commissionintention to submit rapidly draft directives for thenegotiation of a similar agreement with Tunisia.

Conclusions reached by ForeignMinisters

120. The European Council took note of the con-clusions reached by Foreign Ministers on the issuesset out in Annex IV.

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Common foreign and security policy ---Preparatory work on security

121. The European Council noted the preparatorywork already done by Foreign Ministers on securityin connection with the mandate from the EdinburghEuropean Council and invited them to continuetheir work with a view to defining the necessarybasic elements for a policy of the Union by the dateof entry into force of the Treaty.

A Community close to its citizens

References:Draft Commission opinion on the regulations and

general conditions governing the performance of theOmbudsman s duties: Bull. EC 4-1993, point 1.1.1

Commission communication to the Council, Par-liament and the Economic and Social Committee onpublic access to the institutions' documents: OJ C 156,

1993; COM(93) 191; Bull. EC 5-1993, point 1.1.1

122. The European Council invited all institutionsto ensure that the principles of subsidiarity andopenness are firmly anchored in all spheres of Com-munity activity and fully respected in the day-to- .day operations of the institutions.

As regards the principle of subsidiarity, the Euro-pean Council noted with satisfaction that the Com-mission is nOw submitting proposals only when itconsiders that they fulfil the subsidiarity criteria,and welcomed in general the substantial reductionin the volume of Community legislation foreseen inthe Commission s legislative programme for 1993

compared to earlier years. The wider consultationby the Commission before submitting important

new proposals and, in particular, the use of ' greenpapers' relating to important new activities as wellas a cost and benefit analysis of new proposals arealso highly promising. It looked forward to thecompletion before the European Council inDecember of the Commission s review of existing

and proposed legislation with regard to the subsidi-arity principle.

The European Council noted with satisfaction thatthe Council and the Commission are now applyingthe principles, guidelines and procedures on subsidi-arity decided at Edinburgh as an integral part ofthe decision-making procedure. It hopes that the

European Parliament will soon be able to join inthis effort.

On openness, the European Council noted the firststeps taken in response to the conclusions of the

Conclusions of the Presidency

Edinburgh European Council regarding the openingof certain Council debates to the public, simplifi-cation and codification of Community legislationand information in general. It confirmed its commit-ment to continue the process of creating a moreopen and transparent Community.

In the area of public access to information, it invitedthe Council and the Commission to continue theirwork based on the principle of the citizens havingthe fullest possible access to information. The aimshould be to have all necessary measures in placeby the end of 1993.

The European Council invited the European Parlia-ment and the Council to settle the last outstandingissues with regard to the establishment of the

Ombudsman in time for .the entry into force of theMaastricht Treaty.

Fraud affecting the Community

1.23. The European Council underlined theimportance of continuing to combat fraud andirregularities in connection with the Communitybudget, both in view of the sums involved and inorder to promote confidence in the construction

of Europe. It underlined the importance of fullyimplementing the provisions in the MaastrichtTreaty according to which Member States are totake the same measures to counter fraud affectingthe financial interests of the Community as theytake to counter fraud affecting their own financialinterests. It looked forward to the report on furtherdevelopments in the Commission s anti-fraud strat-egy together with the related proposals. It invitedthe Commission to submit such proposals by March1994 at the latest.

Racism and xenophobia

24. The European Council strongly condemnedthe recent attacks on immigrants and refugees in itsMember States and expressed its deep sympathywith the innocent victims of such aggression.

The European Council reiterated its strong resolveto fight by all available means intolerance andracism in all its forms. It stressed that such intoler-ance and racism is unacceptable in our present-daysociety.

The European Council confirmed the commitmentto protect everybody, including immigrants and

refugees, against violations of fundamental rightsand freedoms as embodied in constitutions and lawsof Member States, the European Convention onHuman Rights and other international conventions,including the United Nations Convention on theElimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.

The European Council recalled its previous declar-ations on racism and xenophobia and decided tointensify the efforts to identify and to root out thecauses. It pledged that Member States will do theirutmost to protect immigrants, refugees and othersagainst expressions and manifestations of racismand intolerance.

Annex I

Entering the 21st century orientations foreconomic renewal in Europe

Staying on course for economicand monetary union

1.25. A single currency would:

consolidate the single market and create thenecessary conditions for fair and productive compe-tition;

0 make investment more attractive, both in theCommunity and outside, and generally stimulatesaving to provide the necessary funds for major

infrastructure projects;

0 have a stabilizing effect on the internationalmonetary system and discourage the speculationresponsible for so much instability and uncertainty.

In order to achieve this, we must:

get back on the road to convergence, which

will boost growth and create jobs throughout theCommunity - a positive sum game;

provide national policies and business strategieswith a credible, clear and comprehensible perspec-tive and to this end, make the single market pro-ductive;

strengthen the link between European inte-gration and the aspirations of ordinary people bypointing out the benefits to be gained from

developing the Community and extending thosebenefits to other European countries, particularlythose in Eastern and Central Europe, with their

enormous potential for growth, which would benefitus all.

Bull. EC 6- 1993

Conclusions of the Presidency

The Community as an open and reliable partnerin the world

0 The Community must keep up its efforts to bringthe Uruguay Round to a swift conclusion with abalanced agreement covering all the problems nowoutstanding.0 The agreement must pave the way for the tran-sition of a world trade organization to reflect theglobalization of markets and business strategies.

This organization must, without exception, bebased On multilateralism, both in spirit and in prac-tice. The way it operates must be determined byother economic realities such as currency move~

ments, capital flows, the need to share the cost ofenvironmental protection fairly and to deliver thesocial progress to which everyone has a right bya gradualist approach compatible with economicprogress.

Increased cooperation in the field of researchand development

We must:D aim to devote 3% of GNP to research, develop-ment and innovation (as against 2% at present);

concentrate Community action on what cancomplement and enhance the policies of MemberStates and businesses; and

D at European level and with the support providedby Community action, create frameworks for coop-eration between businesses to help them harness

innovation and adapt production processes.

An efficient network of transportand telecommunications infrastructure

D Making it easier and cheaper for people, goodsand services to move around will increase the com-petitiveness of the European economy.

Efficient infrastructure networks will be of ines-timable value for regional planning and economicand social cohesion.

D We must give ourselves 10 years in which tostimulate the European industries involved indesigning and building these networks (transportconstruction, public works, etc.). An overall totalof ECU 30 billion a year seems to be a realisticminimum target for expenditure in this field.

Common information area:the new technological revolution

D We must aim for a decentralized economy, witha properly trained workforce and an abundance of

BulL EC 6- 1993

small and medium-sized businesses all cooperatingwith one another.

D To achieve this, we need to create a 'Europeaninformation infrastructure' to serve as the real arter-ies of the economy of the future and to stimulatethe information industry (i.e. telecommunications,computers, fibre optics, etc.) with the prospect ofabundant supply over a number of years. An initialinvestment of ECU 5 billion is required, followedby a ECU 5-8 billion-a-year programme.

D We must also set up European training coursesfor these new trades and professions and entouragedistance working by computer (not only for peoplein the data-processing industry itself but also forthose working in education, medicine, social ser-vices, environmental protection, urban planning ..,and those involved in combating modern-dayscourges such as disease , drug abuse and crime).

Profound changes in our education systems

The priorities here are:learning how to keep on learning throughout

our lives; combining knowledge with know-how;

developing each individual's creativity andinitiative;

establishing the right of each individual to life-long training (all young people would be givenvou-chers entitling them to initial education and/or train-ing later on).

Towards a new model of development

Taking into account the environment will createnew jobs.

D Taxing scarce natural resources will make itpossible to reduce excessive taxes on labour, thusenhancing Europe s economic competitiveness.

Increases in productivity must be used toimprove the quality of life and create new jobs; thisis the dynamic view of work-sharing: increasing thenumber of jobs available to cover new qualitativedemands, which provide a large range of still unex-plored, if not unknown possibilities.

More active policies towards the labour market

Priority must be given to providing everyone onthe labour market with a job, activity or useful

training.

Conclusions of the Presidency

Rather than trying to hold back technological

and .economic change, we must anticipate it anddeal with it in good time.D The quality and the number of job agencies andsimilar bodies must be increased so as to provideeffective help to every person out of work (expendi-ture needs to rise from 0. 1 % of Community GDPto 0.5%).

Annex II

Cooperation with the associated countriesgeared to the objective of membership

Structured relatitJnship with the institutionsof the European Union

1.26. With a view to accession and the relevantpreparations - and alongside the bilateral structureof the Europe Agreements there will be set up,with the countries of Central and Eastern Europe(CCEE) linked to the Community by Europe Agree-ments, a multilateral framework for a strengtheneddialogue and consultation on matters of commoninterest.

The framework will involve the holding of meetingsbetween, on the one hand, the Council of the Unionand, on the other hand , all the associated CCEEson matters of common interest, decided in advancearising in the Union s areas of competence, i.e.

D Community areas , especially with a trans-Euro-. pean dimension, including energy, environment

transport, science and technology, etc.D Common foreign and security policy;

D Home and judicial affairs.

These meetings will be of an advisory nature.No decisions would be taken. If conclusions requir-ing operational implementation were to emergethey will be implemented in the appropriate insti-tutional framework (ordinary Community pro-cedure or Association Council with each of the

associated States).

The meetings will be prepared for internally bythe usual procedures, with the particular aim ofestablishing, according to the subjects discussed, theposition to be taken. They will also be the subjectof preparatory contacts with the CCEEs.

In addition to the application of the general struc-

tlue for dialogue set out above, dialogue relating toforeign and security policy matters will also includethe following arrangements:

Holding of a Troika meeting at the level ofForeign Ministers and a meeting at the level ofpolitical directors during each Presidency;

Briefing at secretariat level after each Council(general affairs) meeting and each meeting of thepolitical directors.

Holding one Troika meeting at working grouplevel per Presidency for relevant working groups.

In addition regular Troika consultations with the

associated countries will be held in advance ofimportant meetings in the UN General Assemblyand the CSCE.

Improving market access

(a) Customs duties on imports to the Communityof sensitive basic industrial products originating inassociated countries (Annex lIb to the InterimAgreements) will be abolished at the end of the

second year after the entry into force of the Agree-ment (instead of the end of the fourth year).

(b) Customs duties on the imports of the industrialproducts concerned by the consolidation of GSP(Annex III to the Interim Agreements) will be abol~ished at the end of the third year (instead of the endof the fifth year).

(c) The amounts of the quotas and the ceilings ofthe above Annex III (consolidation of GSP) will beincreased by 30% (Poland, the Czech RepublicSlovakia, Bulgaria, Romania), 25% (Hungary) peryear starting from the second half of the secondyear after the entry into force of the Agreement(instead of 20% for Poland, the Czech Republic,Slovakia, Bulgaria, Romania and 15% for Hun-gary).

(d) Levies/duties within the quotas for agriculturalproducts will be reduced by 60% six months earlierthan foreseen in the Agreements. The 10% increasein the quotas, foreseen from the third year onwards,will be applied six months earlier than foreseen.

(e) The exemption from customs duties as fromthe beginning of 1994 for products concerned by

outward processing operations and covered byRegulation No 636/82 will be extended in conform-ity with this Regulation, duly modified for this pur-pose.

(0 Customs duties on imports into the Communityof textile products will be reduced in order to arriveat their elimination at the end of a period of fiveyears starting from the entry into force of the Agree-ment (instead of six years).

Bull. EC 6- 1993

Conclusions of the Presidency

(g) Customs duties on imports applicable in theCommunity on ECSC steel products originating inassociated countries will be abolished at the latestat the end of the fourth year after the entry intoforce of the Agreement (instead of the end of thefifth year), subject to compliance with specificdecisions relating to trade in steel products.

(h) The Council invites the Commission to effect astudy of the feasibility and impact of cumulation ofrules of origin for products from the associatedcountries of Central and Eastern Europe and theEFT A countries and, in the light of the findings , tosubmit to it appropriate proposals.

Making assistance more effective

(a) The Community will support the developmentof infrastructure networks in Central and EasternEurope, as decided in Edinburgh. The ElB, the

EBRD and the other international financial insti-tutions will take the leading role in this process.

(b) The Community will offer technical assistancethrough the PHARE programme to prepare andfacilitate major infrastructure improvements in thecountries of Central and Eastern Europe. Withinexisting budgetary limits , and without distorting theessential character of PHARE, the Community willalso be willing, in response to requests from Centraland East European partners, to provide fromPHARE limited additional funds for capital expen-diture resulting from these technical assistanceactivities, in specific cases where it is established thatsuch additional funds are essential , and a necessarycomponent of projects which:

are jointly financed by the ElB and/or inter-national financial institutions and beneficiarycountries

cannot be privately financed

are of Community interest in particular asdefined in relevant Community texts.

(c) These additional funds shall not exceed 15% oftotal annual PHARE commitments.

(d) The Commission will review the use of PH AREresources to support infrastructure development inCentral and Eastern Europe on a case-by-case basis.It will take into account the financial situation ofthe beneficiary country on the basis of availableanalyses; the financial institutions making loans toprojects will carry out their own assessments inthe normal way. In each case the Commission willensure that there is an adequate local contributionto project financing to ensure the commitment ofthe beneficiary government to the project.

Bull. EC 6- 1993

The Commission will avoid undue concentration ofthe available PHARE funds for this purpose onindividual recipient countries and will thereforeavoid an unduly large proportion of national pro-grammes being devoted to this purpose.

Proposals will be submitted to the PHARE manage~ment committee in the normal way.

Furthering economic integration

Approximation of laws: the countries of Centraland Eastern Europe undertook through the EuropeAgreements to implement within three years fromtheir entry into force rules parallel to those in theTreaty of Rome and to ban restrictive practices,abuse of dominant positions and public aid whichdistort or threaten to distort conditions of compe-tition. In addition, it is particularly important, fromthe point of view of accession, that progress shouldbe made in the other areas covered by the EuropeAgreements, including those relating to the protec-tion of workers, of the environment and of con-sumers.

Preparations for accession will also be helped ifofficials from the associated countries receive train-ing in Community law and procedure.

The Commission and the relevant administrationsin the Member States will be mobilized to furtherthe approximation oflegislation, including technicalassistance for training officials. A task force of rep~resentatives of the Member States and the Com-mission will be set up to coordinate and direct thework.

The Commission will consider which Communityprogrammes could be opened to participation bythe countries of Central and Eastern Europe andwill submit its proposals to the Council by the endof 1993.

Annex III

Declaration on Bosma-Hercegovina

/.27. The European Council reviewed theextremely grave situation in the former Yugoslaviaand the latest negotiations between the parties tothe conflict in Bosnia-Hercegovina on the basis ofa report by Lord Owen to Ministers.

The European Council expresses its full confidencein the Co-chairmen of the Steering Committee of theInternational Conference on the Former Yugoslaviaand encourages them to pursue their efforts to pro-

Conclusions of the Presidency

mote a fair and viable settlement acceptable to .allthree constituent peoples of Bosnia-Hercegovina. Itwill not accept a territorial solution dictated bySerbs and Croats at the expense of the Bosnian

Muslims.

The European Council reaffirms its conviction thata negotiated settlement has to be based on the prin-ciples of the London Conference, reflected in theVance/Owen Peace Plan, particularly the indepen-dence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of Bos-nia-Hercegovina, the protection of human rightsand the rights of minorities, the inadmissibility ofacquisition of territory by force, the vital need forhumanitarian aid to be provided and reach those inneed, the prosecution of war crimes and breachesof international humanitarian law.

The European Council supports the call of thegovernment of Bosnia-Hercegovina for an immedi-ate cease-fire. It reaffirms the need for wider inter-national support for humanitarian aid and forguaranteed safe passage of convoys.

Speedy implementation of UN Security Council res-olutions on safe areas is an indispensable contri~

bution to the implementation of the objectives men-tioned above. The European Council decided torespond positively to the request of the UN Sec-retary-General for men and money. It urged Mem-ber States to comply with that request within their

- abilities. At the same time, it appeals to other mem-bers of the international community to do likewise.

Sanctions will remain in place and will be tightened. until conditions for their lifting set by the UnitedNations and the European Community have beenmet. The Community and its Member States willcontribute further resources to their strict enforce-ment.

Annex IV

/.28. The Foreign Ministers, meeting on theoccasion of the European Council in Copenhagenon 21 and 22 June 1993 , agreed on the followingconclusions:

Africa

1.29. Europe is Africa s major partner, politically,economically, and with regard to developmentcooperation. The Community and its MemberStates underlined the importance of a continuedcooperation based on solidarity.

In 1993 the Community and its Member States havetaken a number of steps towards deeper and widercooperation with Africa. They stressed the import-ance of further expansion of cooperation in demo-cratization, peaceful development and developmentassistance.

The Community and its Member States are commit-ted to supporting the democratization process whichis gaining momentum in Africa, including supportfor good governance, sound economic managementand respect for human rights. They recalled theresolution adopted by the Council (development)on 28 November 1991 on human rights, democracyand developlIlent.

The Community and its Member States haveengaged themselves actively in supporting the elec-tion process in a number of African countries. Theywill continue their efforts to coordinate this assist-ance to ensure that all African countries in a tran-sitional process towards democracy are offered thenecessary support and attention.

The successful referendum on the independence ofEritrea after 30 years of civil war has raised hopesthat conflicts in Africa can be solved in a peacefulmanner.

The Community and its Member States welcomedthe increasing engagement by African countries insolving crises and armed conflicts, as seen recentlyin a number of cases. They also hoped that Headsof State of the OAU at their forthcoming Cairosummit will address the important question of con-flict prevention and resolution. A useful contactwith the OAU was established during the visit toCopenhagen in June of the Secretary-General of thisorganization.

The Community and its Member States have furtherstrengthened development cooperation with Africa.The Lome Convention forms an important elementin this cooperation. Effectiveness and speed in theimplementation of the European DevelopmentFund is increasing to the benefit of all parties.

Development Ministers have agreed on a specialrehabilitation initiative for Africa. At least ECU 100million will be allocated immediately to fast trackrehabilitation programmes in selected sub~Saharancountries. The Council is examining a further specialrehabilitation programme for developing countries.

South Africa

1.30. The Community and its Member States wel-comed the recent major progress in the negotiationprocess in South Africa. They hoped that the parties

Bull. EC 6- 1993

Conclusions of the Presidency

will reach an agreement in the very near future thatwill set South Africa firmly on the road towardsdemocracy.

The establishment of a Transitional ExecutiveCouncil will be a further step in the normalizationand strengthening of political and economicrelations between the Community and its MemberStates and South Africa.

The Community and its Member States reaffirmedtheir commitment to contribute to the economicand social development of the new South Africa.Reconstruction and sustainable economic growthwill only come about in a democratic and non-violent environment. Therefore the Community andits Member States stand prepared to provide sup-port to the first free elections foreseen in April 1994including election observers, as well as to strengthentheir assistance to the democratization process andthe efforts to curb violence.

Sudan

/.31. The Community and its Member Statesexpressed their concern with the continued civil warin Sudan between the government in Khartoumand the SPLA factions in the south. Some 500 000people have already died and many more have beendisplaced. The Abuja talks between the parties havemade little progress towards a solution. There isalso serious concern for the human rights situationin Sudan including repression of civil society innorthern Sudan by the government, killings, arrestsand torture by government forces in the war zonesand killings, arrests and .executions by rebel forces.They urge the government of Sudan not to supportactivities which go against a constructive relation-ship with the Community and its Member States.

The Community and its Member States welcomedthe increased attention which the international com-munity is now directing to the humanitarian catas-trophe unfolding in the country. An EC Troikamission of Development Ministers is currently visit-ing the Sudan to underline the seriousness withwhich the Community and its Member States viewthe humanitarian crisis and the urgent need forall parties to ensure a resolution of the problems.Following the report from the mission, the Com-munity and its Member States will consider howthey can best contribute further to an alleviation ofthe plight of the Sudanese people including resto-ration of respect for human rights.

Somalia

1.32. The Community and its Member States wel-comed the major efforts of the United Nations to

Bull. EC 6- 1993

contribute to the restoration of peace and security,to reconciliation and political settlement in Somaliaand to prevent another human catastrophe. To thisend, disarmament offactions and restoration of lawand order are important goals. The Community andits Member States condemned the attack per-petrated on Pakistani UN soldiers which resulted inthe deaths of 23 of them and the wounding of manymore. Those responsible must be brought to justice.They also regretted all civilian casualties andextended their sympathy to all those affected bythese tragic events. They called on all parties tocomply fully with Security Council resolutions.

Angola

/.33. The Community and its Member Statesdeeply regretted the suspension of the negotiationsbetween the Angolan Government and UNIT A,and UNIT A's continued efforts to seize additionalterritory through military power. The Communityand its Member States expressed their full supportfor Security Council Resolution 834 of I June 1993in which the actions of UNIT A were strongly con-demned and an appeal was made to both parties fora return as soon as possible to the negotiating tableand for the re-establishment of the cease-fire. Theyreaffirmed that in order to solve the present crisis apeaceful solution must be found based on nationalreconciliation and on the principles of the peaceagreement. The Community and its Member Stateswere extremely concerned with the humanitarian

situation in Angola. They call upon UNITA toaccept the UN plan for humanitarian relief. TheCommunity and its Member States committedthemselves to respond to the UN appeal for assist-ance following the Donors' Conference of 3 June.

Mozambique

1.34. The Community and its Member Statesregretted the serious delays in the peace process inMozambique. While it is heartening that the cease-fire is holding, it is most disappointing that notmuch progress has been made in implementationof the peace agreement. The Community and itsMember States called upon the government of Moz-ambique and Renamo to live up to the undertakingsentered into when the peace agreement was signed.Furthermore, they restated their commitment tocontribute to the rehabilitation and economic andsocial development of Mozambique.

Liberia

1.35. The Community and its Member Statesdeplored the recent senseless killings of civilians in

Conclusions of the Presidency

Liberia. The killings underline the urgent need tofind a political solution to the crisis. The Com-munity and its Member States reaffirmed their beliefthat the Yamoussoukro IV Accord is the best poss-ible framework for such a peaceful resolution ofthe Liberian conflict, and they urged all parties tosupport the efforts of the UN and OAUspecialrepresentatives to bring a peaceful end to the civilwar.

Malawi

1.36. The Community and its Member States wel-comed the peaceful and efficient conduct of thereferendum in Malawi on 14 June, including thesubstantial improvement in the conditions for thefinal stages of the campaigning period. They areconvinced that the outcome fairly reflects the viewsof the Malawi people. They urged Malawi's politicalleaders to work closely together in the new circum-stances to safeguard human rights, promote democ-racy and to deal with outstanding governance issuesthus opening the way to the resumption of fulleconomic cooperation.

Zaire

1.37. The Community and its Member Statesreiterated their support for the process of nationalreconciliation and wished to express their concernat the deterioration of the situation in Zaire, whichis marked by a halt to the democratization processand by repeated infringements 0 ' human rightsnotably the arbitrary arrest and detention of personsfor crimes of opinion.

The Community and its Member States alsodenounced any incitement to ethnic hatred asreflected in political violence and excesses in certainregions of the country, which are causing massivedisplacements of people. They reaffirmed their sup-port to the President of the High Council of theRepublic and urged him to continue his efforts.

Nigeria

1.38. The Community and its Member States tooknote, with great concern, of recent developments inNigeria which could place in question the transitionto civil rule after successful presidential elections on12 June. They expressed the hope that the transitionto civil rule will be allowed to continue so that fulldemocracy can be introduced in Africa s largest

nation without delay.

Middle East

1.39. The Community and its Member States wel-comed the resumption of the bilateral talks aimed

at a just, lasting and comprehensive settlement of theArab-Israeli conflict and the Palestinian question.They urged all parties concerned to build on theresults already achieved and to press ahead withsubstantive negotiations in a spirit of goodwill andcompromise.

The Community and its Member States once morecalled on all parties concerned to refrain from allactions which could undermine the peace process.They remained convinced that the confidence-build-ing measures suggested by the Community and itsMember States and significant improvements on theground, including of the human rights situationwould be instrumental in moving the peace processtowards a successful conclusion.

In accordance with their well-known positions ofprinciple, the Community and its Member Stateswill continue to play an active, constructive andbalanced part in the Middle East peace process,in both its bilateral and multilateral aspects. Theycommended the untiring efforts of the co-sponsorsto move the process forward and are prepared toparticipate in international arrangements in supportof a peace settlement.

Central America

1.40. The Community and its Member Statesnoted with satisfaction the progress made in CentralAmerica to attain peace, dialogue and reconciliationas well as the achievements in the consolidation ofdemocracy and regional integration.

In this context, they welcomed progress in the

implementation of the EI Salvador peace agreementsand called on the signatories to fulfil all the remain-ing commitments, including the recommendationsof the Ad Hoc Commission and the Truth Com-mission, in order to complete the peace process andachieve national reconciliation.

The Community and its Member States expressedtheir satisfaction at the peaceful and constitutionaloutcome of the recent crisis in Guatemala and hopethat the appointment of a new constitutional presi~dent will contribute to the strengthening of the

democratic institutions, the full respect of humanrights and fundamental freedoms and the resump-tion of the peace negotiations.

The Community and its Member States also wel-comed the signing in San Salvador of the Cooper-ation Agreement between the European Communityand the countries of the Central American Isthmuswhich will contribute to intensify and furtherincrease their mutual cooperation.

Bull. EC 6-1993

Conclusions of the Presidency

Cambodia

/.41. The Community and its Member States we\~

comed the holding of elections in Cambodia thanks to the support of the United Nations which have demonstrated the aspirations of theCambodian people towards peace and democracy.

They noted the decision by the ConstituentAssembly confirming Prince NorodomSihanouk atthe head of the State of Cambodia. They expressedthe hope that the peace process may be concludedin the best possible conditions with the adoptionwithin three months of a Constitution and the earlyformation of a government which will allow nationalreconciliation to begin.

Follow-up to the CopenhagenEuropean Council

/.42. Parliament resolution on the outcomeof the Copenhagen European Council meetingof 21 and 22 June.

Adopted on 24 June. Noting the European

Council's determination to reduce unemploy-ment in the Community, Parliament endorsedits decision to irlcrease the temporary loanfacility agreed in Edinburgh and the proposalfor a bridging facility to speed up progresswith Structural Funds investment projects. TheHouse also welcomed the suggestions made by

Bull. EC 6- \993

Mr Delors in his orientations for economicrenewal in Europe, especially the proposal toincrease funds for research and development.

Parliament agreed with the need to conclude acomprehensive, lasting and .balanced agree-ment in the Uruguay Round and reiterated itsview that GATT should take account of thesocial and ecological aspects of world trade.

Parliament welcomed the European Councildecision to offer the prospect of membership,with due regard for the acquis communautaire,to the countries of Central and Eastern Europewhich have signed or are in the process of

negotiating Europe Agreements.

Parliament expressed anger at the persistentobstacles to the free movement of people. Italso had reservations with regard to the insti-tutional framework, lamenting in particularthe lack of transparency, the obscure com-mittee procedures and the failure to take

account of its requests in connection with theduties of the Ombudsman and the regulationsgoverning their performance. The House alsocondemned the absence of a European Councildecision on the seats of the institutions andregretted that the decision to press ahead withthe enlargement of the Community had notinspired serious consideration of the need forinstitutional change to ensure its smooth func-tioning.

OJ C 194, 19.7.1993