2/2/12 Warm Up

Please take a sheet from each of the stacks of response cards on the podium.

Chapter 17 Notes

Emancipation

Lincoln was under pressure to free the slavesHe also was under a lot of pressure to not

free the slaves◦He didn’t want to upset the border state who were

still in the Union but favored slavery. Plus he didn’t know if he had the power to do because

it was protected in the ConstitutionHis first priority was to keep the Union

together. Read pg. 504

Emancipation Proclamation

Lincoln would wait until he was in a position of power◦Battle of Antietam

Emancipation itself freed very few slaves◦Just those in the confederate territories. ◦ It was a symbolic measure

War was no longer about preserving the Union but it was now a war of liberation.

How could he freed the slaves if it is protected by the Constitution?◦He used it as a act of War against the South

African American Soldiers

Fredrick Douglas said, “Once you let the black man get upon his person the brass letter, U.S…. There is no power on earth which can deny that he has earned the right to citizenship.”

By wars end 180,000 black soldiers would fight for the Union.◦Most famous was the 54th Massachusetts

54th Mass.

One of the first African American regiments during the Civil War

Treatment was not always real good.Faced grave dangers during the war.

◦If captured by the enemy they would be executed, instead of thrown in prison.

Famous for their attack on Fort Wagner in South Carolina◦Most would not survive the assault

Terms to Know

Copperheads- Northern democrats who favor peace with the South or any person in the North who favors the South

Conscription- Draft into the ArmyBounties- cash incentives for joining the

armyIncome Tax- how the Union funded the

Civil War, tax earnings of individualsGreenbacks- Paper currency

Women of the War

Clara Barton◦Helped create the American Red Cross◦She set a standard for proper battle field care

of wounded soldiersWomen of the Civil

◦Started to do the jobs the men used to do Farm, plow, factory work, office work, anything to

support the family

Battle of Gettysburg

Deadliest battle in American History◦51,000 casualties◦3day battle ◦Union had 91,000 soldiers◦Confederate had 75,000

Turning point of the War…◦Pickett’s Charge

Lost 13,000 on this attack alone◦Union lost 23,000 men◦Confederates lost 28,000 men

Battle/Siege of Vicksburg

May 1863 (lasting 1½ months) ◦Union tried many attacks but failed so Gen.

Grant surrounded the City.◦Confederates ran out of food and were

eventually forced to surrender.Union accomplished a major part of the

Anaconda Plan by securing the Mississippi River. ◦South was split in two

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Objective was to pursue Lee’s army through the deep south from Atlanta to the Atlantic Ocean

Practiced Total War- ◦War not only against enemy troops, but against

everything that supports the enemy. After the March Northerners could sense victory,

thus re-elected Lincoln Democrats were trying to elect McClellan

◦He had an antiwar platform

Appomattox Court House

April 9, 1865Small town in Virginia where Gen. Lee

formally surrendered to Gen. Grant◦What happened to Lee after the War?

He went home.

Results of the War

Over 620,000 deadEach side would have to rebuild both

physically and economically

One of the greatest effects of the War was the 13th Amendment◦Freed all the slave in the United States

Results of the War

Lincoln is assassinated◦Ford’s theater◦John Wilkes Booth

Consequences of War (pg. 522)

Writ of Habeas Corpus

Pg. 508 (Habeas Corpus)

Other things to know for the Test

Dred Scott CaseKansas-Nebraska ActLincoln-Douglas Debates

◦Lincoln’s takeDifference between the North and South’s

economyCompromise of 1850Significance of the Election of 18605th Amendment