·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï

OZZËt

ABSTRACT:

The study is aimed to highlight the social conditions of Colonial India

in late 19thand early 20thcentury, with special refrence to gender equity.The

traditionalist as well as the modernists of the said era,though opponant to

each other but they were on the same page regarding women's rights and

their education.Even the enlightened person like Sir sayyed was strong

opponent of female 's formal education.The stage of the society was all set

for male education.

In this context Molvi Mumtaz Ali and his wife Muhammade Begum

took the banner of women 's rights in last decade of 19th century India.

They started a weekly women 's journal Tehzeeb-E- Niswan in 1898.

In this context the study is also lighted the role of Muhammade

Begum as creative writer of Urdu Language and a social reformer.She wrote

novels, lullibies,poems for kids,guide books to reform the society.In her

novels she narrated different issues of women such as matriarchal set up

which was upsetting the women of that era.She criticized illiterate female

charachters and urged them for education without using revolutionary

vocabolary .we can find true and clear pictures of women's social

behaviours in early 20th cetury.In this study we may find two way picture

of the society.eg social behaviours towards women and women' s attitudes

to deal their lives in conservative society. Muhammadi Begum's novels

provide deep study of the socitey as compare to her contemporary male

writers with special refrence to women's social behaviours.

OUN )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

ã~ZÖp:£¾²ZVÔçÑCgzbXâW!*Šc*Cyz*yX‚Å«XÂø]XZ¡àgzbX6,Š{X$›Í-ê

GGL

²ZVXpZ&**zwógXZôm,~�d$ÆZW,Z]Xi!*y»!ZEwX�d$²ZVXÑpàVÆægÐXgŠ½XŧËZg„²ZV

ZÞ,œ~(ÏZzg�YjZßVÐ(,~ZÌÅqïìXâW!*Šc*Cyz*y~F6,ZãŠgzVÅ“Zzg5ŠgzVÅ!*ic*ÄYg~¶XŠ*Zzg].h+ÅZk“äFçVÃ�ÛzrŠc*X~].h+½»”wZq-Z(X0™‚tWc*Täyz*ã›âVÊzŠPzV~„™Šc*XZq-¡�].h+½»”weLåÔZÐZôm,zV»zÊZgÈ™¬Æ:}Îñ‰²ŠzuZ¡u}ÐZôm,c*Zôm,~½Ãyz*y~Š9„7eLåXZkÓxc~].h+ìÑ]gppzZуc*ËgzZe$IpZ&ÆagŠ½Åè#Ö™äÆjZáЊzâV4]šµ5

¸XŒVJ-ā].h+½ÆaŠygZ]Ãl™äzZáZzg].h+§¯„Æqòu¦Z£{yÌpZ&ÅgŠ½Æh~:¸Xz{pZ&ÆayÆZ0+gZ’ZðRŽû°B¸X

Zy»Zq-æ[�Z,VäpZ&èº[ÐHZyÆìÑ]»4+?kì)1(XZÏÂÄ„Æ�ZyÆ‚¹VäÌúg]Æ£tÅyÆZ0+g�ÛZbÆh~WzZiÂZVðpZÐyÅegŠ-Zg~Ð!*CÙò™çÑ}~Ãðy~™ŠZgZŠZ™äÅJ#¿ÅX�†Zvu¦Z£{yÆŒÛR‚¹V~иz{ZkZ%°ßg‹qwÆjZáÐZq-c*ŠŠZ“Ã-VÈ™D÷:

LL™r#iZŠ{Wë[Z£{y™r#Zzgñß~ŸiZ™r#äZkÅ@*GÅXZzgÌPZz®1Z,â�ZâVäZkX6,½k,Åp6,Zã½Æ›y¼Zk§sáz:ƒñXpâZ[íZ<%jxZk’q-ÆñZ¬¸Xu¦ZzgZyÆŠvZx[ZkÆ#³¸X=c*ŠìāZ#pZz™r#u¦ÐY‰Âu¦äZyŽè²ZVÅ×e$»5ZhZc*XZzgZÌz{#}~íÌ:0*ñ¸Ô¹āH?6,Š}Ð!*CÙòWñƒX=c*ŠìāËñµ6,Zkiâä~Ô~äÌu¦Ð²nHā±YVŽ»ZOx¢zg~ìXu¦ä�Ûâc*āñ�Š{§iÆæZgk~7,|™±HV$+ZÜtƒYNÏZzgZyÆŠz„ÒZ!YqƒeZË2+k,Z£™r#ŠŠ~�Zkz‰ÜZyÆ0*kƸ¹āxVH?±YVÆ

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï PUN

aæg�‡W™**eTƒÔZôm,~æZgk~7,|™EÙŠÐVƒYNÏX)2(gzZe$I6äpZ&ÆagŠ½Ãf!�d$Å»gŒÛZgŠïƒñZÐæ¹ZŠZg

ÐŒz]ŒÛZgŠc*X½Æ”w~6,Š}»uÐ(,JƒZgDyÌZq-zz¶TÐ!*‡°{½ÆÆayÐÂ_�§{mZÑZBÅpZ&Æaic*Š{t[ŒY@*åXZ¤/pZ~Xe~

)3(ÅÃ@VбYVÆjßVÆa-i�ÛZë (J.E.D Bethune,1801-1891)&4-āð EGGy

K‰p›{0+Zy85ë EEY

LWiZŠ~ÅzzÐZyjßVÃ**I™D¸ZzgZ7psåāŠvèZ<ØűYVÐZy»é5\ƒÇX¸zz¶ā›yZâVűHVZyjßVÐ;qÝ:™ÃXQZq-ZzgÂô�±YVÆa�g±g7ÅYC¶ātrYyBÏÂ**øñVÃâKÏXZk§bÆZz;xä›yZâV~!*‡°{½ÆaF§bÅg»z›aZ™Š~ˆ‰X¸z{gzb

¸�pZ&ŽÆgZ5~'×Z3¸XWomen 's Education in the nineteenth century was the

result of the modernising effects of British colonialism

and the rise of reform movements both among Hindus

and Muslims....This late begining of such a movement

and its slow progress during three first quarter of the

twentith century,was to a very great degree the result of

the presisting traditionalist attitude among the common

people as well as the elite groups as a dominant

trend,which tended to perpetuate the social constraints

from which Muslim women suffered.In other words

,Musl im conservat ism was responsib le for the

unsatisfactory educational status of Muslim women.(4)

âW!*Šc*Cyz*y~].h+e$ÅØË:ËuJ-úZxzpZm6,ZLZW,Z]%A$™g„¶XF!*ÅgZ�ÛZŠyz*ãçÑ}ÆŠzCÙ}£§i0+Ï»NgY,{ágì¸Xz{ŠNgì¸ā¾§bè<ØÃWh¯DƒñpZ&Æ£tÅ0*âàÅYg„ìX~DqÝ™ä»hÌ÷áïìXZkK~ñß~ŸiZÅ»z/‡&ÿELf™÷2Vä�,œ~ÆW¸iÐÌIpZ&Æ£tÆa!*‡°{WzZiZVðXZyÅÂ[LL£¾²ZVóópZ&Æ‚B�h~ˆÂø]ÃŒÛWyzug$ÅgzÝ~gŠ™CìXtÂ[u¦Z£{yÃIZiz‰ÜZq-ÃÒÐZzgZrVäzŠ{Š3ä6,ñß~ŸiZ6,ù»ZÖgHXtÂ[u¦Z£{yÆZÙwƈñß~ŸiZä

QUN )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

8981Y~ŠZgÑ÷á®)уgÐ÷áùÅX)5(ZÏ‚wpZ&Æa÷áùƒäzZÑCLL�d$ZÉ4ið EZVóó)6(Ì©¬x6,Wc*�ZyÅZâ·~HäYg~HXñß~ŸiZZzg·~HpZ&Æ‚BƒäzZáZ¡w6,{ñl:g{nZzgZrVäÆfg)pZ&Æ£tÅkB±~XtŠzâVZ3ÿXLŠZøZLZgŠ¤/ŠÆçÑCgz-VÃY…¸ÔZzgZkg›¿ÅÌ$¨45é GGGEMMµgnpƒVÐ�Z7ZLçÜ+ŧsÐ7Wc*XpZkƒÆ!*z�ŠZrVäZkYæÂÄi0+Ï~’uaZHZzg¬xgzZî§hVÐ?Ø™·~HZL**xÆ6,Š}ÐŒz]™DƒñZgŠzZŠ[Æ©**ó6,ā{¤/ƒNX²Zkz‰ÜpZ&Æ**ñV»ZØYÌÑÃY~¬xå6āLiXcXlóc*›M]ŒÛc*Z#ÖZßkz){XW`ÆŠzgÅo9LÐË{Ây»ZkÆZL**xÐrZq-¬x!*]ƒpZÞ,œ~ÆWy~Zzg�,œ~ÆZzZb‚zV~tZq-(,ZŠxåX

LLLZkiâ:~pZ&»7,−rt[ŒY@*åZzg›çÑ}ÅZq-gzZe$t¶āÑpiZŠc*VZC**x7ªCÙ™C‰XZkaß/·gÅZk{ÂyäÌLLZ&bZûYóóZC¬gsZÝ**xÅOñ-V™Zc*åLLzZ−{·Ñy›M¦z©Z−+{yzn{¦ZæZŠZâxZW,óó)7(qgz!*Ñ›ëÅgzÝ~·~HÆ!^»W¸išµpZ&Æ•~Zq-Zë_5ëEYL

éÅwg‚råXZ¤/pZ7ZkŸg~7[**7,~XZ7ZzgZyÆØCÙñß~ŸiZÃZ,âÌAX~eÇ1VŠg`ƒC‰XÜs¸7ÉZyÆyÆŠgzŠ-ZgÃÌZÏnÅl]ÐWߊ{HY@*åXуgÆPËgzZe$I),gÍVäZq-îZLLZvŠ~4,Z•óó**òÐZq-i**:Z¶gYg~™zZc*TÐLL�d$²ZVóóÅ#»UÀ_åXñß~ŸiZ»Zq-zZ§·Z�³0*ãìZyÅi!*ã-VŠg`™D÷X

LLZq-%ûZq-£òZ¶gä(,}9Æ‚B–āLLZôm,zVÆgZ`Å',•ìā½gzi',zi¬xƒg„ìZzg>]ZzgZ¶gZ]ÃF,¹ìXXXXZ¶gZÌJ-)Üs(%ŠzVJ-özŠ¸X1

Z[úgÂVÆZ¶gÌYg~ƒäÑ÷XOçŠzÑpiZŠ-VLLZvŠ~4,Z•óóZzgLL·~HóóäZkLL(óó»xŧsÂzÅìX÷~ZâÃZk!*]Ðā÷Z**xZq-ÄÆ‚B5™Zq-„S~–ŠHìÔ"Z•œ)ƒZZzgz{¹Šk,

J-gzCg÷Xóó)8(·~HäÜsZ/‚wÅ/~LL�d$ZÉ4ið EZVóóÅZŠZg]eà1Wy~‚÷J-ZÏ_."ÐYg~g3TÆ�ZrVäth+{pZ&Åf6F,šMZzgZyÆaZ&bzF,¹Å¾nÐ

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï RUN

ÑzqHåX«{Âyæk,ÅwÐZÞ,Zzg�,œ~ÅôÄ~Zy»**xåi0+{gìÇX)9(

·~H6,ZµÐÃðóc*W~»x‚t7Wc*XZkŠzgÆ0ÎÌÂÁèIz{·~HZzg�"ìGEL²ZVÆf™Æ%**å÷Xà:äÌFjZßVÐZkŠzgÅpZ&Å

ÅÂ[ (Gail Minaualt ) f6&6V»ZŒÛZg™Dƒñ(,}Zë»xK÷X~µ5ÿY

G�‡&ÿELf™ìXz{·~HZzgZyÆŠzgÆ0—÷ā: The SecludedScholars

''The content of Muhammadi Begum's writings reflected

the content of Tehzib-un-Niswan during its first ten years

under her editorship.The bulk of the articles in Tehzib

were aimed at the Purdah-observing woman at

home,focusing on her need for broadened horizons

through the medium of this publications.Articles

disscussed education,housekeepingand child care,gave

recipes, . . . . .A costant theme was the reform and

simplification of custom and the need to eliminate

wasteful expenditure on rituals and ornaments,a refrain

in the work of o ther reformers inc luding her

husband.''(10)

Patriarchal Education and Print Journalism: their »ó£!) Zâg÷á�) emancipating impact on Muslim Women India during 1869-1908)

The emergence of Reformist Literature about Æ£á) 11(Ô±gZZûZ ( Indian Muslim Women in Urdu Language)

)21(ÏZ*h ~ÌâW!*Šc*CÇ~pZ&Åßg]èqw»¹÷ZðЋtHŠHìXZÑsóóÆ%œ/~ ~·~HÅ’k,™Š{ÎZöLL§] "Meet Bibi Ashraf ZL*yLL

and Tehzeeb i- ™ŠZg!!ZÑsÃïÅgzÝ~ŠÙ÷)31(Xgƒs0*gNÆ*yLL~·~HÅ£?»¿¬gsZzgZyÅ Literary Notes: Muhammadi Niswan

ôD}.â]»Y,{1ŠHìX)41(Z¤/pZgŠzZŠ[ZzgZgŠzôÄÆ�Ûzr~pZ&»zZL£gZzglZgŠzâVjZßVЇ&ÿELf™ìXpZq-Z\k**uZ%tìā%ŠzVÅZŠ!}.â]6,TŠg

£?»ZmgMìpZ&»f™Zk»“lçILUÌ7X©āZgŠzZŠ[ÅèˆÂZgõÌZkjZá

SUN )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

Ðm»Dg÷X·~H6,Zq-Zzg£!>ZyLL·~HÅdZzgZŠ!£?»óY,{óóCLLì!*yóó~÷áùƒZX£!ógeZËg%:ÃW,ä(,~,з~H6,ƒäzZá»ñV»

‹tHìpZyÅ£?ÆãCŠ~jZßVŶÃOîg6,CkHYYìXqgz!*Ñ:©~_¬ÅgzÝ~ZkZ%Å¢zg]Ckňā·~HÆ**zßVÃZkŠzgÆçÑCÚø~gÄ™6,3YñÂÑàyz*y~…zZàpZ&Zy»§ii0+ÏÔZyÆ)bZzgZkŠzgÅpZ&»Z|ƒÒy7g~§boƒY@*ìX

·~HZq-!ZzgdZ¦ZŠgppzZà{Ây‰ÔÜs7Éz{ZKë}VÆ)bŠNŠN™š/f‰ÔZyÆìw~t)bÜs%ŠzVc*çÑ}ÆaZ™Š{:¸Éz{Zq-÷}x@}Zzg‹bƈZkË6,â‰āZ¤/pZ&pŠZK»zlÐZKf6ZzgdF,šM™,¹Ð)bÐ$$Ë÷Xz{ZypZ&Ã�ËzzÐpŠÃçÙ¢zgÂVÆa%Š»Z`Š‰ZyÃyÅegŠ-Zg~ÆZ0+gÖ™fg=!çlaZ™ä»ŠgkÌŠî÷Xz{Üs§Å¦k,¶qÑ]ÆWÐuùVƒäÅ!*]7™'ÉZ7S™C÷āyÆçÙç5]~ÌZC™ŠZgZŠZ™,@*ā%ŠZzgúg]ï™i0+ÏÅÇh~Ã4Z0+Zi~`ÃXZkÅZq-

¡·~HÅ’k,™Š{ÎZö/~LL§]èZÑsóó~Š@Y$ËìX)51(Zy»ÑçÑ}Ã!!ZÑsÜgz×VßVÐgzÙk™Z**åMVä:Üs**)°

qÑ]~½qÝ™ä»^Yg~g3ÉZ#çÏ»ŠÄß7,ZÂZ*ãÆ�ÛZøZŠZ™DƒñŠzd¸VÆ‚B³]Zzgz‡gÅi0+ϬÅX‚B„Zk!*]»Ì!*g!*gf™MìāZÑs!!6,Š}ZzgZsòx]žŠg0*‡Zg‰XÍc*z{pZ&ÆaZyÅi0+ÏÃZq-Z(%:¯™7™C÷XÆfg)Š+ZzgŠ*»^7‚ãðHYYìX·~Hä˜V�gÎZöógÔ*yógÔ**zwógÆZK!&6V»ß;ëZc*Ôz÷ZrVä”VÆa>)61(ZzgpZ&Æé�wÆWŠZ[)71(ZzgZñ§{:ŠZg~)81(Ð0FÂÁKÔZyÆFp}ŠvçÜZZ+~÷áùƒDgìX

ZyÅ’k,zV~Zkz‰Ü»çÑ{ZKÓxF,b×]Æ‚B‚÷©8Ckƒ@*ìXZkz‰ÜÆçÑ}~&�’ZL½7gZÖgÆ‚BZKZKÙ|#ÆZW,Z]ayz*ãçÑ}~áZi~^g„‰XLZq-�d$Šzu}6,¸WäÅÃÒ™CZzgLŠzu~Š~�d$ÃZL7ÒªîG0ZW,~ágXZ’Zð**zwógzV!*<m2+k,Z£Æ**zßV~Ù|#»tX7g~“

Æ‚B7HŠHXZ#ñß~™r#Æ™ŠZg,]Šg,]ZyÆz÷zû1úZVñætÅ(,ZðZzgf!�d$ƵZW,Z]7™D÷ÂZyÆ**zßV»Œâ0+7,Y@*ìX²·~

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï TUN

HÆ**zßV~çÑCgz-VÅ?Ï(,~zŸs#Ðňìp}6,ÌÃc*C“£ŠxÅ^Z(g7™CX

Zôm,~�d$ÆZW,Z]ZÞ,œ~ÆZzZb~„'×ZØÆ!*z�ŠyzV~îѸXT~1wewÆ‚B‚Bg‚›»§iÔgzbZzg¬xZEwÅZâYƒ~tÓf7‚㊬YYìXLL/Hóó~�d$Ã',Z{gZ„Âñçq7¯c*ŠHZzg:„ËŠzu~�d$6,

'c*(,ZðŠ3**°ŠìXÉZk**zw~%œ/~™ŠZgzVÆkãÔ**zwÅcZzgZsxÆjZáÐ].h+ZzgŠ*¦gZ]»‹t™DƒñZôm,~�d$ÆZW,Z]ùãÆZ0+g(,~΄Ð7™D÷X

Z#/¦k,¯ä@ìÂZÐâVŧsДh+g›¿»‚o™**7,@*ìXLLhwÅé¦k,¯ãÌY„‰XZ,VäZkÃ̦k,zV»ØtΊc*XZ[ŠdÂpV¦k,,ZkÆ;Bŵƒð÷XZLyzZßVÅZzgZKÙVÅ

ƒÅ¦k,,Z@*gg¿÷X�¦k,IWñÏZkŦk,Z@*g™gÄáÏXāZ9ƒVā/ƒ„»x™**1t"$6,4=7¸CZyGV~Yy¹VÐeZßÏ?ç~z{íÐc™CìZzgYäHHuhC™9ìāz{Zzg¦k,,÷X»¯**kH{ìóó)91(

**zw~7ň©É~ÌZôm,~WgZöziâöÐ0ZâY»f™ZkŠzgƧ¯i0+Ï»1ì!5Õä IMM/Æ#}»©¼-V7HŠHìXLLŠzu~ö6,sðÅáZzgPpzg]

: Zôm,~Õ�/äZL;BЯð‰óó)02(/Æ#}Å°p™Dƒñ¨ã9ìLLvgZ#{Zôm,~zä»ìóó)12(

·~Hä&**zw’k,KXX~LLÑpeóÔLL/HóóÔLLZzgLLW·óó÷áï÷)22(XZyÆ**zßVÊvpZ&**zwógzVÐZL§¯ÒyZzg§¯„ÆZ±gлŠ£xqÝìXZzA™

zZàpZ&**zwógzVÆ®Zzg„6,ñß~2+k,Z£ÆZW,Z]Å¡zZãŠ3ðŠîìpZrVäZK§ipŠZXŠÅXT~/Zzg„~jZßVÐZq-ZZzg‹c*C§i„ÃW@*ì²FpZ&**zwógZ&kÃÆ�_.!*LM»DgƒYC÷X²ZyÆ**zwËÌzZîÃ)xZ0+Zi~c*)Çg8-~77™DXZyÆ™ŠZgÌVq»Dg7ƒDÉz{ZKpçVZzg{ñV

É**zw~oƒD÷XZk§bZyÆ**zßV»ö^Az¥wÆ‚BaZ¹ãÆZ�xJ-(ìTÐ}̇g~aÝc*)Dßg‹qw»DgƒäÐ$Y@*ìX-V¹ã~|óg~»g8-¸WY@*ìX

UUN )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

·~H»**zwLL/Hóó3091Y~ŠZgÑ÷á®)º[ÔуgÐ÷áùƒZXZk**zw~"�h÷áŠ-VZzg‚Å«Ü�gÌÃñçq¯c*ŠHìXtgztÌZ’Zð�,œ~ÆçÑ}~¬xåā±ÅyÐ!*CÙ:YñZzgŒÛRgŠZgzV~„ZkłЄ«IZŠ~YC¶XZkgzbŶK0+„-VÂZkŠzgÆX**zwógzVäÅìpg@**Bu÷ág»**zwLL$+gZûYÅ4óóZkñçqŽ7g?Ï™@*ìXLL/Hóó»ö^ÌZq-Z+±ÅÆâÆfg)ZkÅ$+

óÅŠZ*y‹@*ìT~z{zZ−+ÆßhVÆÜs'×ZØÅZ!]7™CZzgZÏ“: ~!*syñ]ÐhgƒYCìXZzgZq-â�gz¤ghCìXT~Zi™Cìā

?ZKZzÑŠÆÒ{÷áŠ~~YyÂh™YyΙzXtYyÎT§bfZ]Zzg©ÅÅYCìXZk§bDÅÔ¡KãÅÔ¬ŠZ]ÅÔewªÅÔ'×Z`ÅÔªÅÔZÜtÅZzgƒÐic*Š{±ÅÅgŸq~ÅÅYñXóó)32(

Zϧb±YVÅ÷áŠ~ÆjZáÐçÑ}ÆÀògzbZzgZ3g',Zñg»gzZ`ÌZk**zwʼnSzVÐzZãƒ@*ìX!5ÕäIMM

ç~:ÂWyZ[~H™zV?~ÂYâVÔ�d$²ZV~Z3gXÃð:Ãð±»Âï„YñÇXtZ¶gÀâê(,}(,}diyZâVZzg½c*C{0+ZâV~Y@*ìÔ�Š8ì¸Hìā�Zyeèg¿ìXxV:LLèg¿ìÔÂHËÆu6,èg¿ì?ßvë÷•™,XZ[ëßÍVƾÐeg™ZÐËZ0+ñ.N~ðhZŠ‡Š,Ðóó)Ô42(

/Å^~·~HZkŠzgÅÓx¤x±YV»ŠÄ7™C÷XÃ÷áŠ~~gŸq~ÆhÐøzxg3Y@*ìXz{7,SèƒäÆ!*z�ŠâV!*\ÆߟÆWÐu7ZVCX

LLt÷}ŠwÅ$zg~ìZzgZK',~?½»³ìā~Zkz‰ÜZKYyÐ;BŠðñùƒVX»l~JŠw¡YIZy7,|±ÅƒCX~äDqÝ:Hƒ@*X}.ZZzggÎw~VÆZ©x:7,ñƒDXYVāZ¤/=D:ƒ@*Â=tpsÌaZ:ƒ@*ā**ñZ¬ØCÙÆ£t}.#ÖZŠZ:ƒäÐ~ÕgƒVÏc*Zk',Zñ**x÷áŠ~»ˆ~�Z�xƒÇZÐ~¾§b»IVÏXZ¤/~YIǃCÂ=Zzõ<»Çìw:ƒ@*ZzgZkzZ§Æ7WäÐigZ5w:ƒ@*c*Z¤/ƒ@*ÂZ²gā÷~WgizN%Y':ā~pŠ„%YCX~plƒVā~ZkŠ*ÐYäzZàƒVóó)52(

ñß~ŸiZäLL£¾²ZVóóZzgLLZgÉóó~ZkZÃZsòjZáЊ¬ìX)62(ËÌ(

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï LLO

±ÅÚIZŠ~YC¶ZzgtÎd%ātÀÃH†ÇÔz{�ÛƒÇc*-ytŠA%'i!*yŠ}Š~YC¶ZzgQZki!*y»½xgppc*¸w»0*kgppÆa@VÖ-VŧbËÆÌ‚Bezà~èŠc*Y@*åX¸ßg‹qwLL/Hóó~Ì7WCìāZkÃïbÆHg{z‰ÜJ-¥x7ìāz{¾Æ‚B÷áŠ~ÆÈï~!*0+SYg„ìXZkÅŠz„ZKª]»ZÖg-V™CìāLLp[Ò{÷áŠ~ìXíЊÚÃtÌ7āÒ{¾ÐìXóó)72(

/ÅâVZzg!*\ÆŠgxyƒäzZákãÌZkŠzgÆZknÆgz-VÅ?Ï™D: ÷X~ZzъáZq-¸wÅ®mJŠc*Y@*å

/»!*\:LLYV~ä«„Ï6,»gz»åc*7?ā?ZknÆAŠ+#ÖgÅÔZ#±»±Å�ZyƒVÐA$Š¬YñÇóó/ÅâV:LL÷~ÂYyYñÏ6,Wy:YñÏXZq-Šii!*yŠ}_ƒVXZ[eìZŠOÅŠ*ZŠOƒYñÔeìZk`»($}45é

EGEƒÔeì¾}Ôeìez"XŠzVÏÂ(gÄe

ŠzVÏóó)82(Zk**zw~˜V%œ/~ñçq‡g~Ã7g~§b¤/Ä~á©8ìz÷f~ÄZ**]~ÌÎZkg�,œ~ÆZ’Zð‚zV~pZ&Ægz-VZzgZyÆ)bÅJ¤V!*Zì‚ãŠ@Y$Ë

÷X!5Õä IMM

LL?ZKzZ−{ÉZyÆ;VƒWîóó)92(LLÑxÅH!*]ìvg~ZâV�‚BƒVÏÔ!*'z){Âz{™,Ï?qwŠN¢8óó)03(LLZ¤/:YäŠzVÂH',Zâ3Zzg�YäŠîƒVÂtZzg*eàìā.Zg~eZzg[äyYñX/Âäe1Šc*Ô~Â}Å:g„óó)Ô13(LL1Z?ZKZòYyÃØtКßz{÷~),gv÷Ô=ZyÐÃð6,Š{

7Xóó)Ô23(LLúg'Z+zb÷āz{7~eZËÚä7Štóó)33(

ZÞ,Zzg�,œ~~pZ&Æa6,Š}Å0*È~¬x¶Zzg�gë{mÑÃYÅpZ&Æa

6,Š{ÜsZsògzZe$»z7åÉZkŠzg»4CZqÐiÌåXZ,qÑ]~úg]»yÐò™¾****eÃW@*åZ%−6ÅpZ&yw5iâNc***&454è

JGEGz){gLgLZò[aZ™Æ3¾g‰)TÅúÒÏLLÑpeóó~LL1hS**MóóÅ^~Qì(pZdZzgቡÅpZ&qÑ]Å6g~Æ!*z�ŠçÙ™ŠZgZŠZ™äЇ܉)6āÑ$©è GEEZzgZkÅâV

MLO )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

Ôc*Qz{H™/Ì�¹ãÆCÙÂñh6,¤0™WC÷(XZk6Æa6,Š}Å0*È~ZyÆ{0+Zã³]zz‡g»ÑiòbzåXZÏá‰6Æ)bÂtgnpƒñ·~Hät**zw’k,HXLLÑpeóó~pZ&âo¯äÆaZq-Z(%œ/~™ŠZg7HŠHTÆfg)pZ&~qÑ]»£¨™DƒñZLaâàz‚baZ™äZzg{0+Zyâo™äÅF,(QìX²ZkŠzgÆŠv**zßV~úg]ÃZq-Z+Š-~¯™Š3c*ŠHTÃyÆZq-Ãä~eQ™gÄŠc*YñT6,w•z¿ÆƒŠgzZi}ȃVXÍc*z{¥/c*y~ù¥/c*ƒT»»x

ÞÀ}X™ŠzuzVÃpl™**ZzgZy»Šw÷äÆÎZ¼Zzgs:ƒXZk**zw~·~HÆ**zwLL/HóóÅ‹zMZLZg»YÆ‚B‚tWCìX/qÑ]»‚o™äЇÜÃWCìZzgñ]Ðë)gƒYCìXLLÑpeóóÅ‹zMÃÌŠÄÂh@*ìpZkÆZ0+g¾"$ZzgŠv)bÆ‚B£¨™ä»j,ZzgëÅZ/ñ�ŠìXZk**zwÆfg)pZ&~ZKZzgZLæÅñª™Nh»j,ZzgZOŠŠ¶ÅÃÒňìX

LLÑpeóó«%û8091Y~–ŠHÔZkŠzg~pZ&ÆaÂĽzä™äÅ÷Yg~‰Xfs~ŠzZ½‚]Šg`KYD÷TÐyzVÆZ0+g!*‡°{jwÂ7pÑpàVÆaywæZgkÆ7g}ÂxÃŒYYìX

þþþþLL?-V™zā�±Åvg};VWñZkÐ7,Jð»gzBßÔ)Ñ$©è GEE(-V™DÂ=ÑxWCìXßv=5ã}ÐXóó)43(Z3ÿXLDÃtØtm|Wc*āT§bƒÑ$©è GEEÃZk!*]6,gŸqHYñāz{øg~±YVÃ7,JŠc*™}X‰äÂZÐyš™7,JäÆaZÐëw9Z{ÌŠ´ÅX1Zk)]q±ÅäËÆyY™Z*ã0™7,JäЬZïg™Šc*X)53(

·~H»**zwLLW`Àóó/jZáÐZyƬÓx**zßVÐic*Š{ZëìXZk**zwÃzZu1ÆZ0+Zi~7HŠHìX¹ã»%œ/~™ŠZgZq-5ÔDqZzg½Æi-gÐWgZ3ZzgªCÙ~pzgCÐcZ3{ÂyLL+{óó»ìXt™ŠZgCÙÒpÐåìpZq-Àò¬Š]ªW`»»xÀ6,gh**»DgƒCìXt„CÙ©àϬŠ]ZkÅi0+Ï~ZÐZq-Z,ZFЊzeg™Cì˜VZm®‡i0+Ï¢~î G

0‡]0YCìX·~H»**zwLLW`ÀóózZu1Å2~–ŠH**zwìXZk**zw~**zwógÅ/é

ZyÆñçqZzg®ÆjZáФ{!»zlÅ»x!ÅŠ?ìXZk**zw»W¸iZq-Z,®ÐHY@*ìTÅZ’Z~ƒ¼¹ZdZzgåŠ3c*Y@*ìXQz{zZu]�„CÙ©àZzggzi

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï NLO

%{Åi0+ÏÆ©Ñ]»zƒD÷ÔZyÆfg)¹ãZLZ0+gZq-(,}ZFÆac‚iÇg™CìX!*sy¹ãÅ%œ/~™ŠZg+{�ZÌ!*

!g+ö WÌìpZq-Àò¬Š]ªW`»»xÀ6,eZ%ÅzzÐi0+ÏÅ‚g~pâVÅßìX

Zk**zw~Ì…3ªî EG0ZÑZsƧ¯i0+ÏÅJ¤V(,~W‚ãЊ@Y$Ë÷XLLz{‡&Ó454è EGGG¾»xWNÏZ#y„',!*ŠƒŠHÔ¼ƒlŸßZzgy!*gŧsÂz™zÔY�ZyYCìÔÑÄ©x~W\ÅŠgz2ªìX1¸ðYyyÆczVÃÌÃð77�X%zVHÔpV0*g‹V©x!*ÑÐᙬxêJ-Ѧ/g,Ô1W\Åßg]Ë~Ã:7,~XZ©xÌZ7ßÍVÅŠg™D÷�CÙz‰ÜZyÆ7Ãg÷ÔZyÆ5V~Ñq-ƒVóó)63(**zwLLW`Àóó~ÀògzlÐ?Ø™Z|[ÅOñö^Å›MÆ‚B¹ã~ZÃx

Z0+Zi~7HŠHìXZq-¬x‡g~gLgLzZu]ÆZ0+g|ƒñË(,}qŠPÅ!*i‚(,~W‚ãÐÍYìX

Zk**zwZk~pZ&™ŠZgzVÆ:è6,Š{£¾²ZVc*pZ&Æ‚BçÑ}ÆZ¡àgz-VÃ77HŠHXÉZk¹ãÅ%œ/~™ŠZg+{Zq-ÃgrZ]w{0+ZyÐmgBbìXZÐy6,½ÌŠ~YCìÔZϧbZ#÷áŠ~»çnW@*ìÂZÐZLyÐÌic*Š{WΊ{y

‚ƒ@*ì˜VìwgppzZÑØCÙZkÆCÙ**izÌZzgWgZxzW‚ö»"uìwg‚rìXQŠg]Zk6,$!*yƒ™ZÐpzg]Zzg¡qZzÑŠ3,Ü«™CìXpZyÓxW‚UVÆË~ZkÅZq-¬x¬Š]ªW`»»xÀ6,ghäÃZzg¾e$QìZzgz{ZkŠg»IƒYCì¡ìЬYg~™**ÌZÐõwƒY@*ìXZq-Šy¿»¡&%#Ö™zZäÆaZÐì~Zq-ŠzŠyµ‰Zk6,ÐZk»gC¤/™ŠZ§ÃãÐÃa™Y@*ìXZk§bt¬xÏ{òZkÅi0+ÏÃ@*gq-™ŠîìZzgZkzZîÆg›¿~Zk»ØCÙŠzu~÷áŠ~™ÆZÐDz}ÆNhÒŠ[Æñ]Ðë)gƒäÆaghŠêìX

Zk¹ãÆÓx™ŠZgÆ~{ñVÆ‚Bā{¤/ƒD÷X+{»™ŠZgÌûz�ÛZ„ÅZdVwìpZkÅZq-©à{òZÐi}Ð�hŠîìX+{ÆØCÙ»™ŠZgZ’Zð**zßVÆgzZZgzVÐ!*ÇZìXZkÆ'×Z`~"zZÎg~ì1dWÅzÃ]ZÐç~Ð$+Šw™ŠîìZzgz{¬xòYM™ŠZgzVŧbJg›¿»ZÖg™@*ìX

t**zwZLZ!x6,Zq-$Wñir0Y@*ìX1ZkÆ!*z�t**zwkÓCZ0+Z¯ÒyÔ43ï XG0G

Æ6Š!*]Zzg¹ã~zZu]ÆxZ0+Z¯7¿Åzzлx[F,+**zw¹YYìX

OLO )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

pZ&Åi!*y»ZEwÌ**zwógä(,~/éZzg÷}x@}ÐHìXräZ4]ÐmgppzZàpZ&Åi!*yZyÆ_.¾w'g]Ð7Åì!5Õä IMM**MÅi!*ãqgzfskã‡&ÿELÂz÷X

LL%Šzz}¼Š-Z:ƒZì?Š}ŠÑ™zZ:©8ìXHzZ3ÆZŒÛZg6,Š}ŠHå?YY**×™X–~Z[7QXëH¾}yhe‰¸Xc*�Ði',Š4áàXƒlÅŠzZ™XZ[~aÃgßZƒVZzg–~NŠzVXóó)73(

LW`À~�Z|[7HŠHìz{Zk**zwÅYö~'×h+ZŸ†™ŠêìX{Ây**zwógƒäÆ**D·~H%œ/~™ŠZg+{Æk>VÃ(,~gzZãZzgõzgZ]z¢[ZNwÆ‚B�h™7™C÷TÐZ|[~',\Zzg.»Zˆkƒ@*ìX**zw»%œ/~™ŠZg+{T»

mZÑZBÐìZkÆk>VÐZk™ŠZg»£xz%ûzZãƒY@*ìXLL-Šð„ðZVZzg$+2gZk“Æ0*kY9ZƒZÔZkÅZ**nù¶ZÐ@*@*™äÎÔîð9ä�ZГÆ0*kŠ¬Â:ågCŠzh~X”VŬŠ]ƒCìāZ#ZyŧsÃðŠzh}Âz{ZzgÌÖZ™¸M÷ÔW{\gZ-Š�**iZzgpÙÐ−g~âg™¸ÇÂ~H�VZkÐWÐíЖ7Y@*Ôc*Â÷Ze0+!*x6,åc*0iŠy~öÆ6�Ûl6,7,ZÃWc*óó)83(LLz{ë÷āZkäW@ÅBZzgp[Zh§b÷~§sŠ¬1QZ+W@ÈXā**÷áŠâVG,÷„g{ˆZzgZkäWçÅw™Zk»qwŠ¬:tt’WˆZÅ:ö X)�ÛZyg{°xüZ,ÎñāQ:Q`‚ëZyÛ›Æóó)93(

ZϧbLL/Hóó~ÌZ#/âZ[™r#ÆyYCìÂpZ&ÆW:ÆkãŠNZzgZKZK((,~'g]Ð7K‰÷·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&»§iÒyZK/pçVÆ‚B‚BZkŠzgÅi!*y»'×Z`Y+~Ì(,~把êìXõzgZ]Zzg¢[ZÑVw»ZEwÌ(,~',\Zzg7g~ZŠ!eÝZzggeƒÆ‚BMìXfs~Šg`Z½‚]~çÑCgz-VÅ

¡Ì7‚ãŠ@Y$ËìXLLÎäƘ}Ò{ƒóó)04(LLâV!*\ÃpâVŠø[‚ƒVXvg~âV»GQZ

gìóó)14(LLeZl,SŠN™9ƒVXœgØvg~=6,óó)24(LLúg'Z+zbƒC÷ā7~eZËÚä7Štóó)34(LL}.ZW`÷~ÑxgÄáóó)44(LLZkñð�ۉÚc*åóó)54(LLúgÂVÅ=Zz0+SƒCìóó)64(LLZq-Šii!*yŠ}_ƒVÔZ[eìZŠOÅŠ*ZŠOƒ

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï PLO

Yñóó)72(LLËäZzÑŠÃ.N~eZуÂ~ÌeZwŠzVóó)84(LA~~A~Zzgk0+ïYñóó)94(LLZ#YIåÔZ[¬ÝìÔ

8545Ð)4èEGEHGEìóó)05(LL;ñ÷}ìàöî-4Ôgìóó)

15(LL;ñ(gäÎäÅmc*ZhZŠ~óó)25(LLtƒvg~�¬ÅÏ!*'÷óó)35(LL~Zkßg]ÅZâÌ6,zZ7™@*ÎQhŠ6,C~óó)45(LL=g½0*ã~ez[%**ecóó)55(LLLÞŠOäÃ(:¶óó)65(LLåà4Âu6,Jóó)75(LLT®Æ•}ÃÎ!',kJ-Ëj+ŧbŒÎñg3óó)85(LLZkŠgpzg]ā;BÎñ~ƒ@*åóó)95(LLâwjŠw"g3óó)06(LLZkZ0+ƒ~ô~~{uA:gLóó)16(LL»JÅÑåÇh~"ÃVÆ7¹óó)26(LLZ¤/~YhXYIX"׃CZzg¼:™Cóó)36(LL»‹÷~Fb~7,~ƒðóó)46(LLŠdZk»**iu†[ÆYw‚$+y�îVÆ»UÐ÷ƒg;ìóó)56(LLZkÐ÷Zâåñ?Zzg~

sZ[ƒ™G,8óó)66(L}.ZÅ%è¶óó)76(LL÷}F»•Z-V»^™:áYDóó)86(Ñ$©è GEEÅâVÅZŠ²0}:ˆ)96(4ìZL;B0*ƒVhƒVZzg¼**pâVÐaZ™zVX)07(LLtqªƒˆāeg0*ðе‰)17(LLz{ZC1gc*_á™åÆa†ZD%jxÆyZJWð)27(

LL”VÅ·g,Šø[‚™}ZzgZÚŠ}āy½™!*CÙ½z)37(ZÝŸÅËûâV»y¸:ƒCóó)47(

·~HÆ**zwZyÆçÜ%Š**zwógzVÅÚpZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅic*Š{÷~Ô‚Š{ZzgE¦k,É™D÷XZyÆ**zßV~ZÑZsÔá‰Zzg¾d$ÐV4]ÐmgppzZàpZ&Æ)bÃZyÆ:©~gÄ™KZzg7™äÅÃÒňìX·~HÆ**zßV

~Ñe$»g8-Ìñ�Šì6āpZ&ŽÅZÌÃZY¤/™**Ô7,SèZzgZy7,|pZ&Æ‚Bgzi%{Æç5]Zzg)bÃ7™**ÔZzgpZ&ÃZLaZzg{0+ZyÆañª™ä»j,Šbz){1}ÌtÑz÷c*ÃÆ1úйãÅŠpÃvy7à@*XZkÅZq-zzZy»Z|ƒÒyìT~z{!W}ñ�Šì�(,~Ð(,~!*]ÃÌgzi%{Zzgõzg}Åi!*y~

Œä»�g‚rìX@*gõËŠzgÆ(,}zZu]ÃÒy™äÅÂ&¢AgBbìpZŠ[~ËÌŠzgÃZkÅb×]Æ‚B7™ä»{ñ�ŠìX·~HÆ**zwÌpZ&Å’rVÆ�RZzgpDÚøZ]~Œä~"uçzyU*"$ƒD÷X

________________

QLO )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

jZ!Y]zjZÙ:1(LLu¦Z£{y»�Z[Zi+gö{#ÖpZ&º[óó )

LLZ}÷~“V!~ZK¸xÅpZ&ŽÐ"6,zZ{7ƒVX~ŠwÐZyÅF,¹»pZ;VƒVXíØVJ-#¿ìZk§T½ÐìTÆZ(g™ä6,ZkiâäÆÃ@*{Z0+÷âb÷X~»tÙ@*ƒVā?ZC6,Z**§T½Z(g™äÅÃÒ™zXz„vg}aŠ+zŠ*~>ð»VŠ}ÇZzg»ŠV~7,äÐôpgÇÇXóó

Ô%ûZÔœjÔ¸òñ',Zñ�Ûz¼ZgŠzi!*yÔ5 Ú�^a‚]læi^$†]l )eZË�†vÔŠ‹Ô5102YÔm792(

Ô%ûZÔœjÔòñ',Zñ�Ûz¼ZgŠzi!*yÔ5Š‹Ô5102YÔm� Ú�^a‚]læi^$†]l eZË�†vÔ (2)003X103ZXZ~Xe~X&4-āð EGGy)7581YX1081Y(cÆZ±gÐZq-ZCZ&++zVÔ�Û7ÌgìÔZrV (3)äpZ&ŽÅÃlXX9481Y~pZ&Å!*‡°{½Æa®~Zq-ZŠZg{¯c*�ˆ~

&4-āð EGGy»4Æ**xÐ�gƒZXThree essays ,· ,"Muslim Leadership and Women 's Education" ë+Z£Ô (4)

ÔZ÷á®)ZzwÔEŠ‹ÔZ&+c*Ô0102YÔm8 collective

LL£¾²ZVóó~ñß~ŸiZäpZ&ÆjZáÐè<ØÅfZC@*zf7™ÆT§bZyÆ (5)£t»Z¡wHY@*ìÔÃñçq¯c*ŠHìXZkÂ[~âW!*Šc*Cyz*y~�Âø]

pZ&ÆjZáÐ0*ðYC‰ÔZyÃÌŒÛWyzug$ÅgzÝ~gŠHŠH (Stereo-types)

ìXŒÛWÈ0*uÅ·§»ÌZkK~Y,{1ŠHìāZÝÂc*We$»|xHìZzgyz*ãçÑ}~ZkÐH%ZŠ1Y@*ìX!5ÕäIMMÂLL¸ZxóóÅñß~ŸiZä½~Zzgs~Z±gÐ�ÅìZkÆpLLqÁóóÆ7ÉLL»g¦/ZgóóÆ÷XZϧb½Æ”wc*pZ&Æ**³Z2¾YäÅWgZYZzgYGZŠ~ÐpZ&Å"Š½ÃŒÛWyzug$ÅgzÝÆÚø~Zkz‰ÜÆyz*ãçÑ}ÃŒäZzgZyÅZ&b™äÅÃÒÅìXZkÂ[Ðñß~ŸiZÅ…3ªî EG0²ZVÆa

^gŠ~ZzgZyÆ)bÃi™äÆ_."ÃŒYYìXšµz{ZL¸wÅi‚̸T§bZrVäZKeZzgç~Ð|ug3z{VàìX

»!*‡°{W¸i8981Y~ƒZXZ÷á®)ЬPx‹ÃZkÅZ³Zi~»\VÈ i`„mg]Öߊç]7 (6)IÂ�Z!Ö¯V6,Ç1VñßwƒNXZkg‚áÆZ¤/pu¦Z£{yqò:1Xi{**ñV~LL

ZyÅgZñ6,g3ŠHX i`„mgÞŠç]7 �d$ZÑÜtóóŧi»**xªÔ÷éXÅÔуgÔ7991YÔm02 ]…�æÒoÞ^æÙÞ,^…ìç]inà Yzh+ZºÔ¦eZËÔ (7)

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï RLO

Ô@*`�ÔÑg{35ÔZÆ',0791YÔm�52 ‘vnËä �·Z�³0*ãìÔLL@*`™r#ÆzZ−+óóÔ!C 8( )·~H»**zwLLÑpeóóÆjZáÐï�ÛiZ:ÅgZñ™T$7ìYèZk**zw~Zû~6 (9)™ŠZgLLÑ$©è GEEóóÂñ�ŠìpZk~ÃðÌ™ŠZgZº~ŧb»ð„7HŠHXÉt¹ã-VÌ»ŠìāZk~Üs‹zMìZzgZk»£¾"$ZzgqÑ]ÐìX:ÃðZk~%Š‹zñ�Šì

Zzg:Ãðt™ŠZgX»ZW,7g}îg6,úc*VìXŒVÌZº~ZzgZû~Æé Ú†#é]ÖÃ†æŒ LLÑpeóó6,2+k,Z£Æ**zw

Šz™ŠZgZâg~ZzgZº~ÃzäHŠHìXZq-ZYðZzgn»%:ìZzgŠzuZZkÆ',@XXXóó)ï�ÛiZ:ÔZgŠzZŠ[ÅZëpZ&**zwógóóÔ',Zƒy,-XÅÔŠ‹Ô4102YÔm81(

ÔWxge-Eg;6,öŠ‹ÔZ&+c*Ô8991Y The Secluded Scholars Ô(Gail Minaual ) µ5ÿY

G�Ô ( 01 )Ôm811

: Zâg÷á� ( 11 )''Patriarchal Education and Print Journalism: their emancipating impact

on Muslim of India Pakistan Journal of History and Culture,Vol

xxx,No.2, 2009 ˜! during 1869-1908''

The emergence of Reformist Literature about Indian Muslim : ±gZZûZ ( 21 )Pakistan Journal of History and (! Women in Urdu Language)

Culture,Vol xix,No.2, 1998

˜!gzi**)eZyÔm7Ô5102Y "Meet Bibi Ashraf ÏZ*h: ( 31 )óó˜! Literary Notes: Muhammadi and Tehzeeb i- Niswan gƒs0*gN:LL ( 41 )

ÔâÞ20Ô5102Y J]á gzi**)!!ZÑsZûYHÅÎZö/~ì&·~Hä’k,HX!!ZÑs',ziD¾{@y un^lô]�†Í ( 51 )

6521âó~_.82m0481YÃZq-Z3ÿXL¿yZä~aZƒNXZkÂ[ƬZi+c6,_èELZ÷á®)Šg`7Z%i%æGLZEw°6,2191YŠg`ì�·~HÆZÙwÆñß~ŸiZägÃÓ¬xM6,öуgÐ÷áù™zZc*X·~Hä”VÆaF¸VZzgßg-VÅÂÁÌKXX~LL@*`Œóó)¶”VÆa ( 61 )W‚yŒ(ÔLLpZƒgZs#óó)Š‹Å�gßgc*V(ÔLL0*yʼng~óóÔ)0*yÅ°p~Zq-ŠNÄ(Ô÷áï÷XZyÆ´z{ZrVä”VÆaŠz¦k,~¹EVÆ‚B(ZzgŠN¹*VÌKXX~LLZqÐißóó)æW‚y¹EV»ù·(ZzgLLŠÉ4k5å FE¹*VóóZzgLLZ!*!*e:ag÷áï÷XLL@*`YwóóÔLLgc*nYwóóÔaì©**)óóÔ&“VŹ*VóóÌ”VŽzF,šMÆaKX·~HäpZ&Å(¢zgÂVÆ‚BZyÅF,m�¢zgÂVÃÌŒXZyÃyÆZq-Z+Çà�ÛZë ( 71 )

SLO )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

™äÅÃÒÅTÐz{΂ÌÆ$+sƒñ'×Z`Ã−ZzgZkÆ_.ZLW\ÃeJBXZke~ZyÅÂ[LLWŠZƒ5‡]óói**:é�wÆv[§jÔÔ4091Y~÷áùƒðXZϧbLLg¢3þ

EGL²zkóó~5ŠbVÃ6y~Y™OZw~ùé�wgecÔZk!*g}~×

gÉð™DìXLL5eóóÔ~â/±YVÅ6,zglZzgZyÃçÑ}»4�ÛŠ¯äƧjŠg`÷XLL!n.ç IGLâŠgóó~âƒVÔVÅ¡Æ)bÐá™ZyÅF,šMÆaÌgÉðŠ~ˆìXLL{:ŠZg~óóZzgLLÚ{:óó~pZ&Ã3**åäÔywç5]ÃZŒZ0+Zi~`äƧjCñ‰ ( 81 )

~Ì{:ŠZg~Æa̼ZzgZt–KYD¸X i`„mgÞŠç]7 ÷ÔzZãgìāÔ!*Èx@*`zs[ÔŠZgÑ÷á®)º[ÔуgÔ9591YÔ6 ‘Ënäen,Ü ·~HÔ ( 91 )

ZsÔm9 02( )ZsÔm8 12( )

ÆÄZyÐÌ’k,HÔptîs¹ãìZÐ**zw 2ß‚áa^… ·~HäZy**zßVÆ´z{Zq-r ( 22 )7¹YYX

Ô!*Èx@*`zs[ÔŠZgÑ÷á®)º[ÔуgÔ9591YÔm29 ‘Ënäen,Ü ·~HÔ 32( )ZsÔm83 42( )ZsÔm29 52( )

£¾²ZV~ñß~ŸiZäZkZÐÌcÅìāZsx÷áŠ~Ь±ÅZzg±ÆÊÚÅÌ 62( )ZYi]ŠêìZzggŸq~ÆaÂCÙqw~7iYäÅ@*NňìXZkÆ´z{ZrVäZq-

~ZyqŠg$ÃÌŠ™Šc*T~çÑ}ÅZ&b»UåXZk~pZ&ÆZN ]…eÃnà Â[!*)®)1%ŠzVÅ·gzVÆúúiZŠZ™ä»¬ìÔÃjZßVÆ‚B7HìXÏ+ÆZ½q

~Ñ•Ô6,Š}Æ0cÃÌi%æGLcZsxÅgzÐ7HŠHì(Ô!*Èx@*`zs[ÔŠZgÑ÷á®)º[ÔуgÔ9591YÔm18 ‘Ënäen,Ü ·~HÔ ( 72 )

2 D7 26 ZsÔm 82( )ZsÔm01 92( )ZsÔm11 03( )Zs ( 13 )ZsÔm71 23( )ZsÔm01 33( )

Ô,·-2M6,öуgÔ8191YÔm94 �†mÌen9o ·~HÔ 43( )ZsÔm74 53( )

ÔŠZgÑ÷á®)º[уgÔ0291YÔm51 #qÓØ ·~HÔ 63( )

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï TLO

ZsÔm83 73( )ZsÔm24 83( )ZsÔm44 93( )LL/HóóÔm6 04( )ZsÔm6 14( )ZsÔm7 24( )ZsÔm01 34( )ZsÔm41 44( )ZsÔm22 54( )ZsÔm62 64( )ZsÔm72 74( )ZsÔm72 84( )ZsÔm54 94( )ZsÔm74 05( )ZsÔm55 15( )ZsÔm85 25( )ZsÔm95 35( )ZsÔm96 45( )ZsÔm08 55( )ZsÔm98 65( )ZsÔm98 75( )ZsÔm49 85( )W·Ôm11 95( )ZsÔm21 06( )ZsÔm41 16( )ZsÔm71 26( )ZsÔm61 36( )ZsÔmÔ71 46( )ZsÔm81 56( )ZsÔm73 66( )

ULO )�Ñð@*Šc7102Y(Ô£ZgŠzÔZzg@»ÒÔº[-Eg;Ôуg 31D e^‡m^Êk

ZsÔm54 76( )ZsÔm45 86( )LLÑpeóóÔm2 96( )ZsÔm2 07( )ZsÔm61 17( )ZsÔm02 )27(ZsÔm22 ( 37 )ZsÔm84 47( )

��

·~HÆ**zßV~pZ&ÆçÑCgz-VÅ?Ï LMO