Growthof

ChristianityHistory 126

Dr. Anita Fisher

Major Church Fathers

•St. Jerome 340-345?-420

•St. Ambrose 340-397•St. Augustine 354-430

St. Jerome and Lions

• Vulgate Edition of Bible

Ambrose Bishop of Milan

andEmperor

Theodosiu

s

•Christianity Only religion allowed 380 c.e.

•Excommunication•Interdict•Penance

St. Augusti

ne 354-430

c.e.

Augustine’s Legacies•No birth control

•No divorce•Interpretation of Bible

Historical Etiological = moral Analogical = Old

Testament as prefiguring New Testament

Allegorical Books – City of God &

Confessions

City of God

St. Benedic

t ca. 520

c.e.

founder of the first

monastic order in west -

Benedictines

Basic rules of Monasticism

• Humility, Chastity, Obedience & Poverty

• Work of God = Opus Dei 7 liturgical offices or service of worship

• Gregorian Chant developed Monophonic initially Polyphonic & organs added in 9th c.

St. Scholastica

founder of first nunnery

Benedictines

Basic Rules for Nunneries

• Abbess over the Nunnery or Convent• Nuns must take vows of poverty,

chastity & obedience• Usually only wealthy women allowed

to be nuns as they needed an extensive dowry

• St. Scholastica founded the Benedictine Order of Nuns – she was the sister of St. Benedict

Monte Cassino Ruins

Other Ways of Celebrating Christianity• Celebration of Saints’ Day (day

died and went to heaven) Started in 2nd c. No formal canonization until 12th c.

• Relics Miracles could be performed Reliquaries

Relics of St. Lucy & St. Agnes –

fragments of bone & hair – sealed by wax

Relic of True Cross of Jesus Christ’s

St. Martin of Tours

Convertor of the Gauls

• St. Columba• Converter of the• English

Iona Abbey

Lock Ness

St. Columba

Lock Ness Monster

Celtic Trinity• St. Columba• St. Bridgit• St. Patrick

St. Bridgit

St. Patrick

Shamrock

Gregory the Great

540-604 c.e.

Roman Catholic Popes

•Peter – first Pope•From then on Apostolic Succession process of selecting new pope

•College of Cardinals added later

Lindisfarne

Carpet Page

Lindisfarne

Gospels