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District Cooling / Heating

Technology in Asia andWorldwide

Presented by Parsons Brinckerhoff (Asia) Ltd 

Vincent Tse 

February 2010 

 ASHRAE Distinguish Lecturer 

Presentation

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Presentation Content

1. DCHS Introduction

2. DCHS Application Worldwide

3. DCHS Technology

4. Summary

5. Q & A

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1 DCHS Introduction

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DCHS Application

• High Cooling and/or Heating Load

demand

• Densely Populated Area

• Central Business / Commercial District

• University, Hospital and Industrial

Campus• Government Facilities

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2 DCHS Application Worldwide

Region DCHS in Operations

N. America over 1,000s

Europe over 100s

 Asia over 100s

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DCHS in USA

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DCHS in USA

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DCHS in Europe

• Germany 40+

• Sweden 30+

•

France 15+• Italy 15+

• Holland 10+

•

UK 5+

• Denmark 2

• Norway 2

•

Spain 2• Finland 1

• Portugal 1

•

 Austria 1

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DCHS in Asia

• Japan 150+

• Malaysia 6+

•

Singapore 5+• Hong Kong 3+

• China 5+

• Macau 3+

• Korea 2+

• Philippines 2+

•

Thailand 3+• S. Arabia 10+

• UAE 20+

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DCHS in Asia

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DCHS in Asia

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Forecasted Demand Growth

DCHS in Dubai

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DCHS in Dubai

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The Palm Islands -Jumeirah, Dubai

• world's two largest man-

made islands,

• large residential, leisureand entertainmentareas. The Palm Islands

have been named 'TheEighth Wonder of theWorld'.

• 136,800 TR

DCHS in Dubai

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The Palm Islands – Jumeirah, Dubai

DCHS in Dubai

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Why

there is a demand of DCHS Worldwide?

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WHY DCHS

• Less electricity consumption• Less pollution

• Less global warming

• Less refrigerant and CFC

• Environmental friendly and a greener earth

• Energy efficiency

• Reliability and Flexibility

• Better Space Utilisation• DCHS IS POLITIC AND IS ALSO A

BUSINESS

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3 DCHS Technology

3.1 Trigeneration (CCHP)

3.2 Cogeneratin (CHP/CCP/CCH)

3.3 CHW Production

3.4 Steam/HW Production

3.5 C W Heat Rejection

3.6 Thermal Energy Storage (TES)3.7 CHW/HW Distribution

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Boiler W H

Boiler 

Heat

Exchanger 

Conventional Trigeneration

Cooling+

Electricity

+Heating

Exhaust

Hot Water 

Electricity+

Cooling

Fuel

Exhaust

Electricity

Generator 

67 - 70% Exhaust Loss

30 - 33 % Electricity

100%Input

Fuel

Gas TurbineGenerator 

20% Exhaust + Loss

100%Input

30% Electricity

50% Heat +

Hot Water 

3.1 Trigeneration

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CHP CCP CCH

WHB

GT

AB

CH

CHW

FUEL

E

CHW

ST/CH

CHWWHB

GT

HX

ST

STEAM

E

FUEL

E

HW

WHB

GT

HX

AB

STEAM

CHW

FUEL

HW

CH CHW

3.2 Cogeneration

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Chiller Type and Combination

cooling

demandpattern

wasteheat

coolingload

energytariffs

steamturbineabsorption

directgas

fired

icemakingdirect drive

centrifugal

3.3 CHW Production

naturalresource

free coolingNH3CO2

cascade

hybrid

BRINCKERHOFFPARSONS

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3.4 Steam/HW Production

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3.5 CW Heat Rejection

• Seawater Cooling

• River/Lake Water Cooling

• Evaporative Cooling (Cooling

Tower)

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3.6 Thermal Energy Storage (TES)

Thermal Storage

coolingload demand

pattern

standbycooling

capacity

off-peakenergytariffs

time based

energytariffs

icestorage

chilledwater

storage

groundwater

storage

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Chilled Water Storage

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Ice Storage System

• Ice Harvesting

• Ice Slurry

• Ice Ball

• Ice on Coil

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Ice Storage System

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3.7 CHW/HW Distribution System

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4. Summary - District Cooling

Design Consideration

DCS Scheme

load

growthpotential

environmentalpriorities

costmodeling

Governmentpolicy

coolingload

profile

climateland issue

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DGovernment influence

Cost effective business

environment

Primary energy

Consumers

Energy efficiency Energy efficiency 

Cost effectiveness Cost effectiveness 

Minimal pollution Minimal pollution 

Environmental Environmental comfort comfort 

Better use of space Better use of space 

Environmental Environmental 

friendly friendly 

I

S

T

R 

I

C

T

C

OO

L

I

NG

4. Summary Goals of Promoting

District Cooling

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THANK YOU