Михаил БухтеевСтарший системный инженерНоябрь 2020
Просто про 5G
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• Решения для мобильных сетей от компании Cisco
• Статус коммерческих сетей 5G
• Статус стандартизации 5G
• Архитектура 5G
Cодержание
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Решения для мобильных сетей от компании Cisco
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• Решения
• Мобильное пакетное ядро для сетей 2G, 3G, LTE, NBIoT, 5G NSA/SA,
• ePDG (WiFi calling)
• PCRF (Policy)
• NFVI и средства автоматизации и оркестрации для виртуализированных узлов мобильной сети, включая виртуализированные базовые станции (vRAN)
• Большая локальная экспертиза
• Реализовано большое количество проектов
• Большая сервисная команда (NCE, PM, HTE, HTOM…), инженеры-консультанты и TME, специализирующиеся на мобильных технологиях
Решения для мобильных сетей от компании Cisco
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Статус рынка 5G
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Запуски 5G
Источник5G Global Launches & Statistics
https://www.gsma.com/futurenetworks/ip_services/understanding-5g/5g-innovation/
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Запуски 5G SA
Источник5G Stand Alone Global Market Status: August 2020
https://gsacom.com/technology/5g/
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Примеры запусков 5G
Источник5G Global Launches & Statisticshttps://www.gsma.com/futurenetworks/ip_services/understanding-5g/5g-innovation/
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Устройства с поддержкой 5G
Growth of announced 5G devices (announced and commercially available)
Announced 5G devices, by form factor
Announced devices with known spectrum support, by broad category (data not available for all devices)
Источник
5G Devices October 2020: Global Update
https://gsacom.com/technology/5g
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Примеры смартфонов с поддержкой 5G
https://www.samsung.com/us/mobile/5g/products/#compare https://www.apple.com/ru/iphone/compare/
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Cкорости 5G сетей (1/3)
Source:https://www.opensignal.com/2019/09/13/5g-users-now-
experience-max-download-speeds-over-1000-mbps-in-4-countries
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Cкорости 5G сетей (2/3)
Source:https://www.opensignal.com/2020/02/20/how-att-sprint-t-
mobile-and-verizon-differ-in-their-early-5g-approach
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Cкорости 5G сетей (3/3)
Source:
https://techblog.comsoc.org/2019/06/22/opensignal-reports-on-5g-
speeds-and-4g-lte-experience-in-south-korea/
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• Решение ГКРЧ от 17 марта 2020 позволяет использовать 400 МГц в миллиметровом диапазоне (24,25-24,65 ГГц) для 5G неопределенному кругу лиц
• Полоса 400МГц, TDD, MIMO 2x2, модуляция 256QAM => теоретическая пиковая скорость на соту ~2 Гбс
• Реальные пиковые скорости на сектор зависят от радиоусловий
5G в России в диапазоне 24 ГГц (диапазон 258)
*http://www.comnews.ru/content/205070/2020-03-18/2020-w12/promyshlennye-predpriyatiya-poluchat-chastoty-dlya-5g-bez-aukcionov
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Статус стандартизации 5G
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3GPP
https://www.3gpp.org/about-3gpp/about-3gpp
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История релизов 3GPP
https://www.3gpp.org/about-3gpp/about-3gpp
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5G в релизах 3GPP15+
https://www.3gpp.org/about-3gpp/about-3gpp
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Стандартизация 5G
3GPP Rel-15• New Radio (NR)
• NR NSA (w EPC)• NR SA• Wide BW (~400 MHz)• Wide Freq Range (upto 28GHz)
• New 5G Core• Service Based Architecture (SBA)• Slicing• MEC
3GPP Rel-16• Radio
• NR in unlicensed band• Industrial IOT (TSN)• Accurate NR Positioning• NR for Integrated Access & Backhaul (IAB)
• 5G Core• Enhanced SBA (eSBA)• Private networks• Wireless/Wireline (Cable/BNG) Convergence + Access
Steering• Time Sensitive Network (TSN)• Cellular IoT (NB-IOT, CatM)• Slice Management• Network Analytics
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Стандартизация 5G
https://www.3gpp.org/about-3gpp/about-3gpp
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Архитектура 5G
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Области применения и характеристики сетей 5G
Peak Data Rate
User Experienced Data Rate
Spectrum Efficiency
Mobility
Latency
Connection Density
Energy Efficiency
Internet of Things (IoT)
Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)
Ultra Reliable Low Latency (URLLC)
Area Traffic Capacity
(Mbps/m2)
100x
Peak Data Rate (Gbps)
User Experienced Data Rate (Mbps)
Spectrum Efficiency
Mobility (Km/h)
Latency (ms)
Connection Density (devices/km2)
Energy Efficiency
Area Traffic Capacity
(Mbps/m2)
20
100
3x
500
1
106
4G5G
100x
10
1
0.1
10x 1x
105
10
350
1x
10
1
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Ключевые технологии 5G
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CUPS и MECСетевой слайсинг
Новые области применения
Новые частотные диапазоны,
Massive MIMO, beamforming, vRAN
Облачные технологии
VNF-2
VNF-1
VNF-2
VNF-1
VNF-3
VNF-n
TPS > Threshold
TPS < Threshold
Scale-Out
Scale-In
Initial VNF
creation
MANO layer
Real time NF discovery (NRF)
UP F
AM F SM F P C F
UP F
AF
(R)ANUE Contro lData
N1 N2
N4
N9
N3 N6
DN
NSS
F
NG-R AN, Fixe d
Nn ssf Nau sf Nu d m Nn e f Nn rf
Namf Nsmf Np cf Naf
NEF
NRF
AP Is (HTTP /JSON)
BSF
Nb sf
SEP
POth
er
PLM
N
Nu d r
AUS
F
UDM
UDR
NWDAF(Op tio n al)
Nwd af
C HF
Nch f
SM SF
Nsmsf
N3 IWF
Трансформация системной
архитектуры
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Эволюция мобильной сети при внедрении 5G
InternetIMS
Региональный User plane
В региональном ЦОД
(Калуга)
Сервера с видео, игровые
сервера и т.д
(Калуга)
Internet
Центральный ЦОД
(Москва)
Сайт с БС
(Калуга)
Сайт с БС в
Москве
InternetIMS
Централизованные Control plane и User plane
Центральный ЦОД
(Москва)
Сайт с БС
(Калуга)
Сайт с БС
(Москва)
Централизованный Control plane и User plane для Москвы
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Частоты 5G
https://gsacom.com/paper/5g-spectrum-snapshot-october-2020/https://www.gsma.com/
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Варианты архитектуры 5G (1/2)NSA(non-standalone)
Option 3NR Non-Standalone (NSA)
f1
f2
EPC
NR
LTE
S1-US1-MME S1-U
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Варианты архитектуры 5G (2/2)SA (standalone)
NR f2
5GC
N2 N3
f1eLTE
5GC
Option 5
f1
f2
5GC
NR
eLTE
Option 7
N2 N3 N3N3N2
f1
f2
5GC
NR
NR
NR + NR
N3N3N2
Option 2 ( NR SA)
5GC
NR
f1
f2
eLTE
Option 4
N3N2N3
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LTE
• Подключение LTE БС и 5G БС к пакетному ядру LTE
• Минимальные изменения на пакетном ядре LTE
• Не требуется дополнительная сертификация узлов MME/SAEGW
• Скорости зависят от выделенного частотного спектра, типа MIMO, используемой модуляции 5G NR в качестве “Secondary RAT”
o Также известно как NR Dual Connectivity (NRDC)
o C-Plane через S1-MME и LTE RRC
o U-Plane передается через LTE и NR
o Несколько опций (3/3a/3x) для “U-plane split”
Архитектура 5G NSA (Non-standalone)
5G
EPC
X2
eNBgNB
S1-U S1-US1-C
InternetIMS/CS
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Архитектура 5G SA (standalone)
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AF Application FunctionAMF Access and Mobility Management FunctionAUSF Authentication Server FunctionBSF Binding Support FunctionCHF Charging FunctionDN Data Networks
NEF Network Exposure FunctionNRF NF Repository FunctionNSSF Network Slice Selection FunctionNWDAF Network Data Analytics FunctionPCF Policy Control FunctionSMF Session Management Function
SMSF SMS FunctionSEPP Security Edge Protection Proxy(R)AN (Radio) Access Network UPF User Plane FunctionUDM Unified Data ManagementUDR Unified Data Repository
UPF
AMF SMF PCF
UPF
AF(Opt)
(R)ANUE ControlData
N1 N2 N4
N9
N3 N6
DN
NSSF
NG-RAN, Fixed
Nnssf NausfNudm
Nnef Nnrf
Namf Nsmf Npcf Naf
NEF NRF
APIs (HTTP/JSON)
BSF
Nbsf
SEPP
Oth
er
PLM
N
Nudr
AUSF UDM UDR NWDAF(Optional)
Nwdaf
CHF
Nchf
SMSF
Nsmsf
N3IWF
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UPF(UL CL)
N1 N2N4
N3 N6
N11
UPF(Anchor)
N9
N4
AMF SMF
UERadio Access
Network
N9
UPF(Anchor)
N6
Local Data Network
Central Data Network
CUPS и MEC
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Сетевой слайсинг
AMF
NRF PCF
UPF
AMF
NRF
PCF
SMF PCF
UPF
PCF
UPF
NSSF NRF
Delphi- IoT
Merc- IoT
Слайс 1
Слайс 2
Слайс 3
Элементы, общие для слайсов 2 и 3
Youtube
DelphiDiag
MercEngH
SMF
Интернет
SMF
AUSF/UDM
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Взаимодействие LTE<->5G через интерфейс N263GPP TS 23.501
HSS + UDM
N26
UPF
SMF
PCFN7
N4
AMF
NR
4G+ 5G UE
HTTP 2/JSON
LTENR
(Option 3)
EPC
SGW
MME
4G+ 5G UE
• Сохрание IP адреса
• Inter-RAT измерения только для E-UTRAN
• Нет мобильности 5G<->2G/3G
• Голос через IMS: EPS fallback или VoNR
• Нет CSFB
• SRVCC в сторону 3G в R16
• Только S5 интерфейс на SMF/UPF
5G
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Private 5G Mobile Networks for Industrial IoT
https://www.qualcomm.com/media/documents/files/private-5g-networks-for-industrial-iot.pdf
Технологии 5G для поддержки IIoTНезависимая частная сеть