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U.S. v. U.S.S.R
• Capitalism v. Communism• Democracy v. communism
• Nonaggression Pact• Delay in Western Europe Attack
• Atomic Bomb
United Nations
• 1945 NYC• Superpowers use UN to promote own
agenda Security Council v.
General Assembly
Harry S. Truman33rd President
• FDR April 12, 1945• Clueless but decisive
Potsdam ConferenceBig Three
• Truman, Stalin, Churchill/Attlee• Issues
– Eastern European elections– Free trade
Cold War 1945-1991
• Europe Divided• Truman foreign policy: containment• Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech
Marshall Plan
• Conditions in Europe• 1947 Secretary of State George Marshall• $13 billion to 16 countries• Western Europe and US economies flourished
German Reunification
• Allies combine western zones• Berlin blockade
Berlin Airlift
• Operation Vittles• Stats• Supplies• effects
Federal Republic of GermanyWest Germany
German Democratic RepublicEast Germany
NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization
• Defensive military alliance• U.S. peacetime military alliance
China
• U.S. Chiang Kai-shek/ Nationalists• weaknesses
•U.S.S.R. Mao Zedong/ Communists• strengths
China
China’s Civil War
• U.S. sent $3 billion-no troops-Containment fails!• 2 Chinas
– Nationalist China-Taiwan– People’s Republic of China
Korean War 1950-1953
• June 25, 1950 North invades South• United Nations
– Soviet Veto?• General MacArthur-US led UN Coalition
MacArthur’s Counterattack
• Inchon Landing• Push north from Pusan• Trapped ½ north Korean army• N. Korean army retreats across 38th
China enters Korean War
• 300,000 cross the Yalu• Push UN/US back across the 38th
• Seoul
• Who is fighting who???
1951 Stalemate
• General Mac Arthur’s plan to end the stalemate-attack China– Blockade– Nukes– Invasion
• Implications
MacArthur v. Truman
• Limited war in Korea• No war against China• MacArthur undermines Truman’s authority• MacArthur fired• “Old soldiers never die, they just fade away”
North v. South Korea todayNorth:22 million
1,800/year
4 TV stations
3 internet hosts
South:
48 million
27,700/year
57 TV stations
300,000 internet hosts