290840829-Flowmeter-Demonstration-Lab-Report.docx

8/17/2019 290840829-Flowmeter-Demonstration-Lab-Report.docx

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Thermofuid lab: Flowmeter demonstration

________________________________________________________________________________________

____________

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA

THERMOFLUID LAB

(CGE 536)

NAMA NO PELAJAR

MUHAMMAD EZWAN BIN MOHD

HANAFIAH

20!620"3!

NUR AMANINA BINTI AHMAD

NIZAMUDDIN

20!260632

MUHAMMAD IKHMAL BIN #AH#A 20!!$""!

NO% TITLE ALLOCATED MARKS

&

MARKS

ABSTRACT'SUMMAR# 5

2 INTRODUCTION 5

3 AIMS'OBJECTIVES 5

! THEOR# 55 APPARATUS 5

6 PROCEDURES 0

" RESULT 0

$ CALCULATIONS 0

DISCUSSION 20

0 CONCLUSIONS 0

RECOMMENDATIONS 5

2 REFERENCES 5

3 APPENDICES 5

TOTAL 00

1

EPERIMENT * FLOWMETER DEMONSTRATION

DATE PERFORMED * 2''205

SEMESTER * 3

PROGRAMME'CODE * THERMOFLUID LAB ' CGE 536

GROUP * EH2!33B


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R+,-./ *

C1+/+ 4*

TABLE OF CONTENTS*

2

CONTENT PAGE

SUMMARY 3INTRODUCTION 4-6

OBJECTIVES 7

THEORY 8-10

APPARATUS/MATERIALS 11

PROCEDURE 12

RESULT 13

CALCULATION 14-17

DISCUSSION 18

CONCLUSION 1RECOMMENDATION/RE!ERENCE 20

APPENDICES 21-24


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SUMMARY:

EXPERIMENT 1: Demonstration of the operation and characteristic

of three dierent asic t!pes of "o#meter

T#$ $%&$'()$*+ #, .$$* *$ + )$,'$ +#$ ',+$ ,* &'$'$

$ (*5 +#'$$ .,( +&$ )$,'(*5 +$#*(9$: '+,)$+$';

A+$' , ,&&,',+ #, T 5$+

,',+$ '$,(*5; $ )+ '$&$,+ +#$ $%&$'()$*+ 3 +()$>

EXPERIMENT $: Determination of the %oss coe&cient #hen "'id"o#s thro'(h a )* de(ree e%o#

T#$ $%&$'()$*+ #, .$$* *$ + $+$')(*$ +#$ $$*+ #$* (

+#'5# , 0 $5'$$ $.> A+$' , ,&&,',+ #,


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$%&$'()$*+; , 5', H ,5,(*+V s

2

2 g ' 0 $5'$$ $. + $+$')(*$ +#$

$($*+ $> T 5$+ ,',+$ '$,(*5; $ )+ '$&$,+ +#$ $%&$'()$*+ 3

+()$>

INTR+DU,TI+N :

EXPERIMENT 1:

!( )$#,*( ( +#$ .',*# ( +#,+ +($ +#$ .$#,

T#$ #',( .$*# @M$ !M 110 ( &'


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'$,+$ . '$(*5 +#$ ' $+(*, ,'$, +#$ (*5 &,+#> T#$ &'$'$

($'$*$ ( )$,'$ (*5 +#$ ),*)$+$'> T#$ &'$'$ ($'$*$ ( $ +

,,+$ +#$ ',+$ ( +#'5# +#$ &(&$ (*$> T#$ (*$+ ,'$, +#$

O'(=$ )$+$'

A* '(=$ )$+$' ( 5$*$', , +#(* '(=$ &,+$ (+# , #$ (* +#$ )($> I+

( &,$ (* , &(&$ #(# , ( > A +#$ ( '$,#$ +#$ '(=$ &,+$; +#$

( ( '$ + +#'5# +#$ #$ (* +#$ )($ +#$ '(=$ &,+$> V$*,

*+',+, #(# ( +#$ &(*+ ),%()) * A +#( '; +#$ A+

+#$


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R+,)$+$'>

R+,)$+$' ( , , )$+$' ,$ , R+,)$+$' ( , &(+(*

EXPERIMENT $:

T#$


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+-.E,TI/E :

EXPERIMENT 1:

• T .+,(* +#$ ',+$ )$,'$)$*+ . +(((*5 +#'$$ .,( +&$

)$,'(*5 +$#*(9$: '+,)$+$';

EXPERIMENT $:

• T (*

7


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T0E+RY:

EXPERIMENT 1:

B$'*( $9,+(* ( ,&&($ + ,,+$ +#$ ',+$ (* .+#


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3. Substituting this into and rearranging Bernoulli’s equation:

4> T 5$+ +#$ ,+, '$+; $($*+ (#,'5$ #, T#$'$'$; K1 ,* K2,* .$ ,*$(*5 +>

A1 A'$, ,+ &(*+ 1

A2 A'$, ,+ &(*+ 2

P1 P'$'$ ,+ &(*+ 1

P2 P'$'$ ,+ &(*+ 2

U1 V$(+ ,+ &(*+ 1

U2 V$(+ ,+ &(*+ 2


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V,$ (#,'5$ $($*+ ,'$ $+$')(*$ . $%&$'()$*+$; +#$

,)$ 8

C O'(=$ &,+$ 0>63

T#$ #$, @#; )$+'$ ( '$'$ $ + +#$ #$(5#+ '$,(*5

),*)$+$'> I* +#( $%&$'()$*+; +#$ #$, $( .$ )&,'$ (+# +#$

',+$ $> P'$'$ '

EXPERIMENT $:

T ,,+$ +#$ $($*+; +#$ $9,+(* $ (

HL %V

2

2 g

#$'$;

HL H$, L

L C$($*+

V


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T#$ ,


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PR+,EDURE:

EXPERIMENT 1:

1 A&&,',+ , &,$ * +#$ .$*#; (*$+ &(&$ **$+$ + .$*# && ,*

+$+ &(&$ (*+


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3> T#$ .$*# #$* +#$ (* +#$ &(&$ ( +$, ,* +#$'$ ( * +',&&$ ...$; .$*#

B (*5 +#$ ,(' .$$ '$; ,+$' 6> R$,(*5 * ),*)$+$'@A-J; R+')$+$' ,* ),%()) )$,'$,.$ ',+$

, *+$>7> S+$& 6 ( '$&$,+$ ' ($'$*+ ',+$> T#$ ',+$ ,* .$ ,+$ .

+(((*5 .+# .$*# A B C D E ! G H I J

13


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1 26 263 23 2 261 22 262 23 24 2482 2 20 26 277 282 287 287 203 238 233 338 327 26 301 312 322 322 143 21 2104 374 2 241 31 333 34 348 7 170 166

NO> ROTA

METER

@L/MIN

VOL

@L

TIME

@MIN

!LORA

TE

@L/MIN

!LORATE USING

BERNOULLI EVENTURI ORI!ICE

1 3 0>1 >82 1>0330

×10−4

>13

×10−5

2 10 3 0>2618 11>16 1>8623

×10−4

1>770

×10−4

3 1 3 0>2000 1>00 2>7004

×10−4

2>648

×10−4

4 20 3 0>1363 21>3 3>431

×10−4

3>2702

×10−4

D$+$')(*,+(* +#$ $($*+ #$* ( +#'5# , 0 $5'$$ $.

V)$

@L

T()$

@$

!',+$;

@/)(*

D($'$*+(, P($)$+$'

H$,; # @))

V V2/25

N>@)/ @))

E. @#I-# J

1 3 30>3

>82 1 0>1831

1>7087

×10−3

2 3 16>13

11>16 3

0>31

0

6>270

×10−3

3 3 12>00

1>00

0>471

8 0>01134

4 3 8>36

21>23 4

0>677

2 0>0233

14


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,A2,U2ATI+N

EXPERIMENT 1

For the venturi meter

Upstream pipe diameter∅1 = 26mm

Cross sectional area

A1

=

π d2

4 = 5.3093 ×10

−4

m2

Throat diameter∅2 = 16mm

Cross sectional area of throat A

2 =π d

2

4 = 2.0106 ×10

−4

m2

ischar!e coefficient

Cd ven=0.9"

For the orifice plate

Upstream pipe diameter∅1 = 26 mm

Cross sectional area of upstream pipe #1 =

π d2

4 = 5.3093 ×10

−4

m2

Throat diameter∅2 = 16mm

Cross sectional area of throat A

2 =π d

2

4 = 2.0106 ×10

−4

m2

ischar!e coefficientCd

orifice =0.63

1


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Timed Flo$ rate% &t 'm3(s) = * = *olume Collected

t Timed to collect

= 0.003 m3( 30.93

= 9.+0 , 10-5 m3(s

*ariale #rea Flo$ /ate% &a 'm3(s) = *alue from instrument readin! '(min)

60% 000

5 ( min

60% 000

= ".33 , 105 m3(s

rifice late Flo$ /ate% &o 'm3') =

Cd A2(√

2g ∆ H

1−( A

2

A1

)2 )

=

0.016

¿¿

π (¿2¿¿4)

(√

2(9.81)(0.023)

1

−(

0.016

0.026 )

4

)¿(0.63)¿ =9.1939 , 105 m3(s

16


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*enturi 4eter Flo$ /ate% &v 'm3') =

Cd A2(√

2g ∆ H

1−( A

2

A1

)2 )

=

0.016¿¿

π (¿2¿¿4)(√2(9.81)(0.012)

1−(0.016

0.026)4 )

¿(0.98)¿

= 1.0330 , 10- m3(s

/otameter 7rror = '&a 8 &t) , 100

&t = '".3333 , 105 9.+0 , 10-5) , 100

9.+0 , 10-5

= -1.0"

rifice late 7rror = '&o 8 &t) , 100

&t

= '9.1939 , 105 9.+0 , 10-5 ) , 100

9.+0 , 10-5

= -5.21

*enturi 4eter 7rror = '&v 8 &t) , 100

&t

= '1.0330 , 10- 9.+0 , 10-5 ) , 100

9.+0 , 10-5

= 6.9

This calculation is repeated for the 2 % 3 % repeated e,periment to find accurate data

! ',+$

17


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N T()$ ',+$+ @)3/

R+,)$+$'! R,+$ ,@)3/

V$*+'( )$+$'! ',+$ 6 ×10

−5 8>3333

×10−5 1>0330

×10−4

>13 ×10−5

21>8 ×10

−4 1>6667

×10−4

1>8623 ×10−4

1>770 ×10−4

32>000 ×10

−4 2>000

×10−4

2>7004 ×10−4

2>648 ×10−4

43>84 ×10

−4 3>3333

×10−4

3>431 ×10−4

3>2702 ×10−4

P$'$*+,5$ $''' )&,'$ + +()$ ',+$

N7 /otameter

flo$ rate error

')

rifice plate

flo$ rate error ')

*enturi meter flo$

-rate error ')

1 -1.0" 6.50 -5.21

2 -10.39 0.13 -5.53

3 0 ".02 2.59

-+.13 -.19 -"."9

avera!e +.90 .+1 5.56A


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0 10 1 20 2

0

1

2

3

4

6

@% 0>12% 1>4

0

H

L(*$,' @H

L(*$,' @H

The slope% : = 0.122"

error =' 0.122"-0.3) , 100

0.3

= 5+.0

DISCUSSIONS

;ective of this e,periment 1 is to otain the flo$ rate measurement < utiliin!

three asic tues $hich is rotameter % venturi and orifice .The

flo$rate is the volume of fluid $hich passes per unit time represented < unit &.

1


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?ince the percenta!e error for this e,periment from #-@ is not more than 15 so it is

considered as successful e,periment . A< referrin! percenta!e of error that $e calculated <

comparin! to time flo$rate for rotameter % orifice and venture is +.90 % .+1 and 5.9 .

Bts can e conclude that percenta!e error for orifice is the lo$est and mae it the est device

for calculate flo$ rate .

Aut from the theor


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meter is hi!her than the orifice meter. From the theor


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RE,+MMENDATI+N:

T#$'$ ,'$ )$ &'$,+(* ,* 55$+(* +#,+ ,* .$ +,?$* ' ,$+ ,* +

5$+ .$++$' '$+ #$* *+(*5 +#$ $%&$'()$*+ ! M$,'$)$*+

A&&,',+ $%&$'()$*+> T#$ '$))$*,+(* ,'$ , $

1. B$'$ +,'+(*5 +#$ $%&$'()$*+; +$*+ )+ , +#$ (*+'+(*

') +#$ &$' A

6 T#$ .$'+.$>)/,+#Q)/

22

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml0bhxtur9Ihttp://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml0bhxtur9I


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APPENDI,ES

9i('re 1: APPARATUS

9i('re $: /ent'ri meter and manometer

23


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9i('re 6: Rotometer and Dischar(e /a%3e

9i('re 7: )* de(ree e%o#

24


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9i('re 8: +rice meter

9i('re ;: ,ontro% /a%3e

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