The 2998 PDA Detector provides:■■ Unprecedented trace

impurity detection

and quantification.

■■ Definitive compound

identification and

co-elution detection.

■■ Superior linear range

with constant optical

bandpass.

■■ Uncomplicated method

development.

Minutes

AU

0.00 2.50 5.00 7.50 10.00 12.50 15.00

0.0045

0.0030

0.0015

0.0000

Om

epra

zole

- 7.

491

Peak

2 - 1

.911

Peak

1 - 1

.713

Peak

3 - 2

.591

Peak

4 - 2

.848

Peak

5 - 4

.438

Peak

6 - 4

.795

Peak

7 - 6

.048

2998 PDA Detector enables exceptional signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios to quantify low-level impurities, and determine trace components.

2998 Photodiode Array Detector.

Peak Area % Signal-to-Noise

Peak 1 0.003 4

Peak 2 0.031 35

Peak 3 0.005 5

Peak 4 0.022 22

Peak 5 0.033 25

Peak 6 0.008 4

Peak 7 0.006 3

Omeprazole 99.89 44485

2998 PDA DetectorUltimate chromatographic sensitivity in photodiode array detection

T he PerfecT mATch for Any Lc sysT em

Waters® 2998 Photodiode Array (PDA) Detector is designed to

complement our LC and LC/MS systems. Its uniquely integrated

software and optics innovations deliver no-compromise

chromatographic and spectral sensitivity, and a noise specification,

as low as 10 µAU. It is the ideal detector for any lab application,

from compound identification to method development. For routine

analyses, the 2998 PDA Detector is reliable, easy-to-use, and has

enhanced software control to provide flexibility for simultaneous 2D

and 3D operation with either Empower® or MassLynx® software.

GroUnD-BreAKInG T echnoLoGy TAK es PDA DeT ecT Ion To T he neX T LeV eL

Instrument console, 2998 PDA Detector interactive display.

spectral exposure optimization■■ Maximizes the signal-to-noise across the entire

wavelength range.

■■ Improves noise performance in lower energy regions of

the spectrum while maintaining optimal performance

across the range.

console software

The 2998 PDA detector is equipped with a customizable

instrument console compatible with both Empower and MassLynx

software, enabling users to easily stay in control. Instrument

setup, status monitoring, and diagnostics are easily accessible

through the software’s intuitive, easy-to-learn interface.

The console interface:

■■ Uses a simple navigational approach, for easy system

implementation and instrument usability.

■■ Allows for quick and easy access to critical instrument

parameters, enabling the detector to be easily controlled,

monitored, and diagnosed.

Conventional cell

window

UV light

lens

TaperSlit™ flow cell

window

window

Patented Taperslit™ flow cell*■■ Maximizes energy throughput.

■■ Eliminates refractive index effects.

■■ Maintains good peak shape, ensuring the highest sensitivity

while maintaining optimal spectral performance.

Lamp optimization■■ Designed to automatically maximize signal-to-noise in

both the visible and UV spectra with the use of a single

Deuterium lamp.

■■ Extends the useful life of the lamp for consistent results

over time.

Thermal wander management■■ Provides maximum baseline stability by managing the

effects of ambient temperature and humidity changes.

■■ Minimizes vulnerability to hostile environmental conditions.

■■ Stabilizes long-term baseline wander for high-sensitivity

analysis.

Be ASSUreD. ChooSe WAterS GloBAl ServiCeS.

Waters Global Services focuses on optimizing Waters products with superior service,

support, upgrades, training, and Waters Quality Parts.® For more information, go to

waters.com/services.

2998 PDA Detector with its choice of flow cells can easily be integrated into Waters HPLC and LC/MS system solutions, such as the Alliance® HPLC System.

*Patent Number: 5,883,721 (U.S.)

oPT ImIZe yoUr DeT ecT Ion AnD resoLUT Ion WIT hoUT comP romIse

Definitive compound identification

While most PDA detectors can distinguish

between compounds possessing comparatively

large spectral differences, the 2998 PDA

Detector can differentiate between the spectra

of closely-related compounds.

optical and digital resolution

The 2998 PDA Detector operates at a fixed optical resolution of

1.2 nm, providing high-quality spectral resolution. The low detector

noise performance allows you to operate at maximum digital

resolution and not sacrifice linearity.

reliable co-elution detection

The 2998 PDA Detector combined with Empower software

employs powerful capabilities for determining spectral

homogeneity, yielding confidence in method specificity.

Spectral analysis algorithms can aid in the assessment of peak purity. When low levels of an impurity were spiked into a sample as shown in this lidocaine example, the spectral analysis software was able to detect the impurity at levels as low as 0.1%.

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00

0.1%

Impu

rity

1.0%

Impu

rity

511

M

505

M

No Im

purit

y

Lidoc

aine

- 3.

517

AU

Minutes

Lidoc

aine

- 3.

520

Lidoc

aine

- 3.

505

Lidoc

aine

- 3.

511

Degr

ees

Degr

ees

Degr

ees

Minutes

AU

PurityAuto Threshold

PurityAuto Threshold

PurityAuto Threshold

0.66

0.44

0.22

0.00

0.88

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.00

0.80

3.40 3.45 3.50 3.55 3.60 3.65

3.404 3.450 3.496 3.542 3.588 3.634

3.404 3.450 3.496 3.542 3.588 3.634

80.0

60.0

40.0

20.0

0.0

80.0

60.0

40.0

20.0

0.0

80.0

60.0

40.0

20.0

0.0

Spectral analysis algorithms can distinguish closely related compounds, as shown in this barbiturates example, providing reliable library matching.

0.28

0.21

0.14

0.07

0.00

0.28

AU

AU

0.21

0.14

0.07

0.00

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.30

0.20

0.10

0.00

0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30Minutes

0.40

Allo

barb

itol -

0.9

26Ph

enob

arbi

tal -

1.1

06Bu

talb

arbi

tal -

1.3

98

Mep

hoba

rbita

l - 2

.117

Am

obar

bita

l - 2

.452

Seco

barb

ital -

3.6

79

0.50 0.60

225.00 250.00 275.00 300.00nm

325.00 350.00

Library match - Butalbarbital

Peak 3 - Butalbarbital

superior linearity

Wide linear dynamic range allows for simultaneous quantification

of high- and low-level components within a single chromatographic

separation.

Wide linear dynamic range is demonstrated by the linearity plot of propyl paraben at 257 nm.

0.5

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0

Abso

rban

ce

Steps

5.0% Deviation at 2.7 AU

1.7% Deviation at 2.0 AU

PDA match angle

PDA match threshold

PDA match spect. name

PDA match lib. name

1 0.046 2.704 Butalbarbital Barbiturates

Waters Corporation 34 Maple Street Milford, MA 01757 U.S.A. T: 1 508 478 2000 F: 1 508 872 1990 www.waters.com

fast hPLc with Intelligent speed columns

Supporting data rates up to 80 Hz, the 2998 PDA Detector allows

for the independent optimization of data rates and filtering

constants. This enables the accurate and reproducible quantitation

of today’s fast LC separations, which generate peaks only a few

seconds wide, as seen with the Alliance HPLC System and

Intelligent Speed™ Columns.

Powerful PDA data processing with Empower Software

Demonstrate peak homogeneity Visualize any differences in spectra by using the Spectrum Index Plot to display apex spectrum and other peak spectra – all corrected for noise and normalized in a color-coded overlay plot.

Quantify peak purity For a more quantitative analysis, the Purity Angle Plot mathematically compares the apex spectrum of the peak to that of every data point across a peak. With adjustments to noise and background solvent absorbance, spectral differences and potential impurities become virtually impossible to miss.

Confirm peak identity The Library Match function automatically identifies each peak in a sample by mathematically comparing unknown peaks to the reference spectra stored in the library. Once initiated, the library automatically searches for the closest spectral match and reports findings indicating the degree to which it matches. Numerous libraries can be created, stored, searched, and shared among network users.

Document wavelength monitoring choices Automatically select and store maximum absorbencies for each peak. Documentation of the λ-max will justify wavelength selection to auditors.

Construct a multi-wavelength chromatogram Select and store maximum absorbencies for each peak to automatically construct a multi-wavelength chromatogram, resulting in a meticulous record of all the compounds detected.

Diagnostic tool and confirm method compliance Routinely diagnose fluidic performance and confirm method compliance in LC/MS.

Benz

ocai

ne -

0.44

3

Proc

aine

- 0.

512

Prilo

cain

e - 0

.691

Lido

cain

e - 0

.892

Tetra

cain

e - 0

.951

Bupi

vaca

ine

- 1.1

79

Buta

cain

e - 1

.313

0.00 0.15 0.30 0.45 0.60 0.75 0.90 1.05 1.20 1.35 1.50

0.845 0.910 0.975 1.0400.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05

80 Hz

20 Hz

5 Hz

0.1 sec

0.2 sec

0.4 sec

*

*

*20Hz; 0.1sec

Minutes

MinutesMinutes

Independent manipulation of data rate and digital filtering results in ideal resolution, sensitivity, and repeatable quantification. In this

example showing seven anesthetics, optimization of these parameters yielded a separation in less than 1.5 minutes with baseline resolution.

Waters, Waters Quality Parts, Empower, MassLynx, Intelligent Speed, and Alliance are registered trademarks of Waters Corporation. Breeze, TaperSlit, and The Science of What’s Possible are trademarks of Waters Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

©2013 Waters Corporation. Produced in the U.S.A.February 2013 720002187EN VW-PC