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29_Forests&Common Lands Governance_S Lele & Seema Puruhsothaman

Date post: 06-Apr-2018
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    Dkwfdhe~doix ob ~}cinx di

    Ehhcxx& Mcicbd~x ein X~e~sx ob

    Hokkoi Feinx di Le}ie~ele

    Xje}ehjhjein}e Fcfc ein Xccke Ws}sxjo~jekei

    Nchckmc} =755

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    Os~fdic X~ohl ~eldi` kedix~}cek ~jdildi`

    Pjt mo~jc} io}ke~drc usc}dcx

    Hokkoi feinx ob Le}ie~ele x~e~sx ein

    Icp eww}oehj

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    Hoirci~doief Pdxnok

    Hokkoix e}c dkwo}~ei~ bo} }s}ef fdrcfdjoonx

    We}~dhsfe}ft dkwo}~ei~ bo} }s}ef woo}

    Xo mc~~c} *;hokksid~e}dei$ w}o~ch~doi ein

    keie`ckci~ o okkoix x w}o+woo} eiw}o+fdrcfdjoonx

    Pdi+pdi pd~j fe}`c} hoixc}re~doi di~c}cx~x

    pjci d~ hokcx ~o bo}cx~x

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    Hjeffci`cx ~o hoirci~doief pdxnok

    Nd}ch~ fein `}ei~ dx ko}c w}o+woo} cxwchdefft

    pjci woo} e}c feinfcxx Ncwcincihc oi ]s}ef Hokkoix dx nchfdidi`

    pd~j ncrcfo kci~ xo dihci~drc ~o keie c dx

    fcxx Owwo}~sid~t hox~ ~o xohdc~t jd`jc} pjci

    ef~c}ie~drc fein sxc dx fsh}e~drc pd~j xokc

    ~}dhlfc+nopi *kdidi`& pdin be}kx& dinsx~}defncrcfowkci~$

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    Pjt mo~jc}

    ]s}ef Hokkoix *ob ~jc woo}$ reidxj ein s}meihokkoix bfos}dxj *xohdef ic~po}lx oi di~c}ic~& hoihc}ibo} s}mei chofo`t& crofrdi` dix~d~s~doix ob s}mei xohdefhokkoix$

    ^dkc t ~o h}e ~ ei dix~d~s~doie ei wo dht kch eidxk*di ~jc hoi~cz~ ob }cfool e~ fein }cbo}kx& X oBN eh~&nchci~}efdxe~doi ~j}sx~ di `orc}ieihc$

    Dind}ch~ xc}rdhcx b}ok hokkoix e}c dih}cexdi` di refsc Hjei`di` ncwcincihc ket io~ kcei nchfdidi` ncwcincihc

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    Pjt mo~jc} hoi~n))

    ]s}ef xsx~cieihc

    ; b *Ie~ ]cx)$ ; b \IM~ *OF , WF , HF , BF$[ +++++++++++++++++++++++ *5$

    IM~ ; Ic~ mcicbd~x orc} ~dkc

    IM~ OF; b *Wc} hewd~e jofndi` xdqc& W}onsh~drd~t$ ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ *=$

    IM~ WF; b *Erc}e`c jofndi` xdqc& Femos} diws~ / sid~ e}ce$+++++++++++++++++ *8$IM~ HF; b *Cz~ci~ " uf~t ob hokkoi feinx/hewd~e& Xohdef hokkoix$++++++++++ *>$

    IM~ BF; b *Uf~t& nc as}c ein nc beh~o ehhcxx& Jskei eidkef hoibfdh~x$++++++++++++ *3$

    Keao} hoix~}edi~x di kezdkdxdi` cuse~doi *5$& ex ncnshcn b}ok cuse~doix *=$ ~o *3$

    Bekdft xdqc " jcef~j di ke}`dief be}k+jofndi`x

    W}onsh~drd~t ob opi/owc}e~cn feinx

    Di~cixd~t ob e`}dhsf~s}c di fe}`c be}kx

    Hoirc}xdoi ob hokkoi feinx

    ]d`j~x ein Ehhcxx ~o bo}cx~x

    Jskei+ pdfnfdbc hoibfdh~

    Eredfemdfd~t& Ehhcxx& Usefd~t ein `orc}ieihc ob hokkoi feinx ~jsx nc~c}kdic }s}ef

    xsx~cieihc di `cic}ef ein IM~ HF di we}~dhsfe}

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    Uscx~doix ~je~ e}dxc Pje~ dx ~jc io}ke~drc b}ekc ~j}os`j pjdhj

    oic foolx e~ ~jc Hokkoix uscx~doi? worc}~t }cnsh~doi?

    chofo`dhef xsx~ediemdfd~t o}

    nckoh}e~dh nchdxdoi+keldi`?

    Jop no pc exxcxx mcicbd~x ob Hokkoix?Dx ~jc x~eine}n choiokdh hefhsfsx

    eww}ow}de~c? Pje~ kd`j~ mc mc~~c} ow~doix bo} HWF]

    `orc}ieihc?

    X5

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    Xfdnc 0

    X5 ~jc dix~d~s~doief bedfs}c `drd`i }dxc ~o jd`j ndxhosi~ }e~cx ein ~jsx fcendi` ~o e ~}e`cnt ob hokkoix dx orc}foolcn< pjci choiokdx~x~elc e jd`j } di eff hexcx)Xcckew& 5=/=:/=755

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    Hexc x~snt ob Le}ie~ele X~e~c& Dinde

    Ncbdid~doi ob Hokkoi feinx1 eff fein }cxos}hcx ~o

    pjdhj wsmfdh o} we}~ ob wsmfdh jerc nc beh~oaodi~ehhcxx *crci db io~ jcfn ex hokkoi w}owc}~t$ + HWF]

    Os} bohsx1 }s}ef x~e~c+opicn feinx *mchesxc di wox~+

    hofoidef Dinde io hokksid~t opic}xjdw o} crcikeie`ckci~ }d`j~x$

    ^po keao} he~c`o}dcx1

    Fc`efft bo}cx~ feinx& kox~ft bo}cx~& ms~

    Fc`efft ioi+bo}cx~ feinx& kox~ft `}eqdi`& ms~

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    ^cis}c }c`dkcx di Le}ie~ele HWF]x

    Ef~jos`j x~e~c+opicn& kshj re}de~doi di cz~ci~ ob

    }d`j~x `}ei~cn& ~o pjok& enkdidx~c}cn mt& einwjtxdhef x~e~sx

    Ehhcxx1 b}ok owci+ehhcxx ~o xwchdbdh `}oswx ~o+

    ]d`j~x1 b}ok bd}cpoon " `}eqdi` ~o KBWx ~o ~dkmc}

    Hoi~}of1 ]N& BN& ]N,BN

    Wjtxdhef x~e~sx1 b}ok ncixc bo}cx~x ~o ~}cc xereiiex~o ws}c `}exxfeinx ~o me}}ci

    s=

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    Xfdnc 4

    s= ~j} ntiekdhx ob hex~c ein hfexx di `}ei~di` ehhcxx 1 hosfn mc ~je~ feinx ~o pjdhj ehhcxx dx hex~c xwchdbdh *ms}def `}osinx& pcffx ~eilxjo}cx c~h$ ket mc hfexx b}cc ein pjc}c ehhcxx dx hokwfc~cft owci& koict ein wofd~dhef wopc} w}ordnc ehhcxx *mcehjcx$)

    jc bo}kc} ewwce}x ~o mc mc~~c} w}o~ch~cnsxc}& 5/55/=755

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    Wjtxdhef cz~ci~ ob Le}ie~ele HWF]x

    Xd`idbdhei~ re}de~doi di wc} rdffe`c cz~ci~& bo}

    mo~j cho+hfdke~dh ein jdx~o}dhef }cexoix

    Xje}cn hokkoix eh}oxx rdffe`cx

    `i hei~ ch ic i e}ce orc} ~ kc Obbdhdef bd`s}cx no io~ }cbfch~ cih}oehjkci~x

    Icrc}~jcfcxx& y57&777 rdffe`cx pd~j xd`idbdhei~

    *937je$ HWF] e}ce

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    We}~dhsfe}x

    Hoex~ef ein

    @je~

    Kdzcn/^}eixd~

    doief

    Io}~jc}i

    Kednei

    Xos~jc}i

    KedneiX~e~c ^o~ef

    ^@E

    =77> =7)53 54)8= 82):8 =8)24 577)77

    Wc}keici~ Wex~s}cx54:2 4)84 >)8: 5)04 55)57 3)4>

    5442 :)3: 8)>4 5)0= 4)22 3)=0

    =77> :)38 8)04 5)07 0)42 3)77

    Bo}cx~x

    ]c`doix

    Wc}hci~e`c ob re}dosx fein sxc he~c`o}dcx di ndbbc}ci~ }c`doix ob Le}ie~ele*Eww}ozdke~c HWF] cz~ci~$

    ) ) ) ) )

    5442 >=)5> 53)7: 3)3> 0)32 52)7:=77> >8)74 52)4= 3)00 :)25 52)5=

    Wc}keici~ Beffopx ein

    Hsf~dremfc Pex~cx

    54:2 3)>> 8)>7 8)85 0)74 >)32

    5442 3)72 8)04 8)83 3)4: >)84

    =77> 3)78 >)08 8)7= 2)=4 >)07

    Hsf~dre~cn E}ce ein Hs}}ci~

    Beffopx

    54:2 =:)7: 20)70 :7):: 30)48 27)4>

    5442 =:)82 20)54 :7)3> 34)02 2=)=2

    =77> =0)8> 2=)44 :7)48 34):5 25)50

    Xos}hc1 Mexcn oi fein s~dfdxe~doi ne~e b}ok Ncw~) ob Choiokdhx ein X~e~dx~dhx& @OL

    ^emfc ncxd`i mexcn oi Ienele}id *5447$

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    Fein cis}c

    ~twc

    Fein sxc ~twc

    *NCX 4 bofn$

    Ehhcxx Hoi~}offdi

    ` ncw~)

    ]d`j~x Ncbeh~o xd~se~doi Fohe~doi

    Kdio} Bo}cx~x Bo}cx~x *]B$ Fe}`cft owci BNBscf poon& bonnc} bo} xcfb)

    hoix)

    KBW & ~dkmc} c~h

    *BN/Hoi~}eh~o}x$

    ]d`j~x hs}~edfcn xokc

    ~dkcx& `or~) effo~x

    josxdi` xd~cx

    SL

    Exxcxxcn

    Pex~c Feinx

    Kdxh) }ccx "

    @}orcx&

    Wex~s}cx&Me}}ci?

    Fe}`cft owci ]N Bscf poon& bonnc} bo} xcfb)

    hoix)

    KBW *]N$

    Xd`idbdhei~ b}eh~doix

    cih}oehjcn&

    o~jc}pdxc nc`}encn

    NL

    Xowwdie

    Mc~~ex ob SL

    Bo}cx~x *WB$ W}dre~c o}

    `}oswx ob

    josxcjofnx

    BN,]N Bscf poon& bonnc} bo} xcfb)

    hoix)

    KBW *BN$)

    Wc c} hsf~dre~doi effopcn

    Re}dcx b}ok ncixc

    ~}ccx ~o ~}cc xereiie

    ~o ws}c }exxfein)

    Xokc odi~ e~hjcx

    SL

    e}c ndrdncnXowwdie

    Mc~~ex ob HK&

    XJK

    Wex~s}cx&

    Bo}cx~x&

    kdxh)~}ccx ein

    `}orcx

    W}dre~c o}

    `}oswx ob

    josxcjofnx

    ]N Bscf poon& bonnc} bo} xcfb)

    hoix)

    KBW *BN$& ms~ xofn w}dre~cft

    ~oo)

    Wcwwc} hsf~dre~doi effopcn

    Rc`c~e~doi re}dcx)

    Xokc aodi~ we~hjcx

    jerc mcci ndrdncn

    HK& XJK

    Jeendx ob NL&

    Snswd

    Kdxh ~}ccx "

    `}orcx&

    bo}cx~x&

    W}dre~c o}

    `}oswx ob

    josxcjofnx

    ]N,BN Bscfpoon& bonnc}& fcercx&

    ~dkmc}& KBW

    Xd`idbdhei~ ~}cc horc}&

    ms~ xokc dx hexjcpwfei~e~doi

    NL& Snswd

    @okeefx Wex~s}cx&

    Me}}ci?&

    Kdxh) }ccx ein

    `}orcx

    Fe}`cft owci ]N Bscfpoon& bonnc} Me}}ci czhcw~ db

    m}os`j~ sinc} Xohdef

    Bo}cx~}t< ob~ci

    effo~~cn bo}ncrcfowkci~ef

    w}oach~x pd~jos~

    Kox~

    ndx~}dh~x

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    Wjtxdhef x~e~sx ob Le}ie~ele HWF]x*ewe}~ b}ok cih}oehjkci~x ein hoirc}xdoix$

    hoffch~drc sxc / owci ehhcxx hoibdicx ~o felcxjo}cx& ms}def `}osinx

    ~}cc wfei~e~doix js}~ fohef fdrcfdjoonx *ein

    pe~c}xjcnx$ di `}eqdi` feinx rdxdmfc w}onsh~drd~t nchfdic di bo}cx~ feinx

    sinc} w}dre~c keie`ckci~

    foi`+~c}k xsx~ediemdfd~t + io~ fdlcft

    s8

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    Xfdnc 58

    s8 xohdef bo}cx~}t ein mdobscf wfei~e~doixsxc}& 5/55/=755

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    Hsf~dre~doi oi xfowdi` c}x~pjdfc `okeef feinLeirdjeffd *Je}ewweijeffd ~efsle& Nerei`c}c ndx~$

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    Kdidi` ein hsf~dre~doi di xfowdi` `okeefx*Jofeflc}c ~efsl& Hjd~}e Ns}`e$

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    ]cexoix bo} nc`}ene~doi Kdxke~hj ob di~c}cx~x1

    fohef rx x~e~c C)`) xohdef bo}cx~}t wfei~e~doix obwsfwpoon< w}dre~c rx hokkoi& feincn rxfeinfcxx/wex~o}ef

    Xohdef hoibfdh~x ex me}}dc}x ~o hoffch~drc eh~doi

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    Ef~c}ie~c czwfeie~doix Nchfdidi` fohef ncwcincihc

    E`}dhsf~s}ef konc}idqe~doi}cnshcn sxc ob n}es`j~ eidkefx& ob o}`eidh

    keis}c& c~h ]cnsh~doi di fdrcx~ohl fcrcfx

    Emeinoidi` e`}dhsf~s}c

    Ef~c}ie~drc sxcx dih}cexdi di refsc

    Pdin wopc} Use}}tdi`/kdidi`

    S}meidqe~doi

    Dind}ch~ xc}rdhcx e}c dih}cexdi` di refsc< hjei`di` ncwcincihc

    Dix~d~s~doief/ `orc}ieihc bedfs}c hesxdi` b}cc }dncx " jd`jndxhosi~ }e~cx

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    W}omfck ob kcexs}ckci~ ob ncwcincihc/refsc

    Mexcn oi hs}}ci~ hoind~doi ob HWF] *kox~ftnc`}encn$

    Mexcn oi fdkd~cn ehhcxx }d`j~x *c)`)& io }d`j~ ~o~dkmc}$ o} fdkd~cn ndxwoxef }d`j~x *c)`)& }c`sfe~cnI^BW ke}lc~x

    Mexcn oi woo} dibo}ke~doi oi dind}ch~ fohefxc}rdhcx *c)`)& woffdie~doi& foi`+~c}k mcicbd~ obo}`eidh keis}di`& }chje}`c we~~c}ix$

    Mexcn oi woo} e}~dhsfe~doi ob pokcix iccnx

    Ncwcincihc e}`skci~ io~ }cfcrei~ di ~jc hoi~cz~ob hoihc}i bo} nckoh}e~dqe~doi X>

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    Xfdnc 5:

    X> dix~d~sdoief bedfs}c jdldi` ~jc ndxhi~ }e~c dx orc}foolcn ein di~c}w}c~cn ob~ci ex woo} poi~ sxc xsx~deimftXcckew& 5=/=:/=755

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    Icp eww}oehj ~o HWF] `orc}ieihc

    Ksf~dwfc io}ke~drc hoihc}ix }cusd}cx e ksf~d+fetc}cn eww}oehj

    Bohsx oi nckoh}e~dh `orc}ieihc ein cusd~t }e~jc} ~jei xwchdbdhwjtxdhef os~hokcx

    5x~ x~cw1 ]d`j~x }cbo}k di beros} ob feinfcxx ein wex~o}ef iokenx

    in

    nckoh}e~dh nchdxdoix$ 8}n x~cw1 ]c`sfe~o}t wopc}x e~ ndx~}dh~+fcrcf *}cbfch~ hoihc}ix ob

    fe}`c} xohdef+chofo`dhef feinxhewc$

    Fein bo} ndx~i + b}ok hcdfdi` wr~ feinx *Fein ehusdxd~doi fepx no~jc owwoxd~c$< HWF]x io~ ~o mc ~elci ex fein meilx

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    Uscx~doix ~je~ }ckedi Bo} Wofdht ein Dix~d~s~doix1 enew~drc cbbdhdciht

    jop ~o mefeihc nckoh}e~dh& nchci~}efdqcnkeie`ckci~ pd~j cusd~emfc mcicbd~x ein

    hoixc}re~doi ?

    Bo} Ehenckdhx1 fool mctoin ~jc mfs}}di`ndhjo~okdcx w}cxci~ rx bs~s}c *ndxhosi~

    }e~cx$& fohef rx `fomef *xhefc$ o} chofo`dhef rx

    xohdef *x~}oi` rx pcel xsx~ediemdfd~t$ dkweh~x

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