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Ice Thermal Storage

Innovations

for District Cooling

Ice Thermal Storage

Innovations

for District Cooling

Gary Rugel

Vice President, International

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Ice Thermal Storage InnovationsIce Thermal Storage Innovations

External Melt (Direct Contact) Ice Coils

Product

Application

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Review Advantages of Ice Thermal StorageReview Advantages of Ice Thermal Storage

Reduced capital costs

Only ~85-90% of chillers and heat rejectionequipment plus associated electrical distribution

equipment is required

Efficient use of daytime energy

Increased flexibility to adapt to changing utility

structures and requirements

Reduces need for new power plants by lowering

peak electric load profile and better utilizing existing

electrical generation and distribution infrastructure

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Ice Storage Product InnovationIce Storage Product Innovation

External Melt (Direct Contact) Ice Coils

Elliptical TubeRound Tube Elliptical Tube

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Ice Storage Product InnovationIce Storage Product Innovation

Ice Coils with Elliptical Tubes

Less wasted space

Better ice packing factor (IPF)

External Melt (Direct Contact) Ice Coils

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Ice Storage Application InnovationIce Storage Application Innovation

Entergy Solutions

Houston, Texas

IDEA Member

Plant constructed in 1998

Expanded in 2008

25,000 TR peak capacity

88,000 ton-hours ice storage

1C chilled water supply

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Entergy Solutions Houston

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Entergy Houston 2008 Capacity Upgrade

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Entergy Houston 2008 Capacity Upgrade

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Entergy Houston 2008 Capacity Upgrade

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Entergy Houston 2008 Capacity Upgrade

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Entergy Houston 2008 Capacity Upgrade

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Key Advantages of Ice Thermal StorageKey Advantages of Ice Thermal Storage

Reduced thermal energy storage space

Colder supply water temperatures

Increased operational flexibility

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Key Advantages of Ice Thermal StorageKey Advantages of Ice Thermal Storage

Reduced thermal energy storage space

Ice Storage requires 1/4 to 1/6 of the space ofchilled water storage

41.4 kW-Hr/m

(1 Ton-Hr/3 ft)

Ice storage insensitive to system T

Lower real estate costs

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55m

55m

18m

H

55m D x 16m H

IceSto

rage

15mx

45m

12mH

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Key Advantages of Ice Thermal StorageKey Advantages of Ice Thermal Storage

Colder supply water temperatures

Smaller distribution pumps and piping

Reduced pumping power

Allows for economical building isolation (indirect

interface) with smaller heat exchangers

Super high-rise building temperature cascade for

pressure isolation

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External Melt (Direct Contact) Ice CoilsExternal Melt (Direct Contact) Ice Coils

1C CW Supply

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Colder Supply Water TemperaturesColder Supply Water Temperatures

CW Supply Temp. CW Flow* Difference

5C (41.0F) 7530 m/h (33170 gpm) Base

4C (39.2F) 6700 m/h (29480 gpm) -11%

3C (37.4F) 6030 m/h (26530 gpm) -20%

2C (35.6F) 5480 m/h (24120 gpm) -27%

1C (33.8F) 5020 m/h (22110 gpm) -33%

*13C (55.4F) CW Return Temp.

70 mW (19,900 Ton) Peak Load

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Key Advantages of Ice Thermal StorageKey Advantages of Ice Thermal Storage

Colder supply water temperatures

Smaller distribution pumps and piping

Reduced pumping power

Allows for economical building isolation (indirect

interface) with smaller heat exchangers

Allows for reduced air handler fan kW

Lower supply air temperature and increasesupply air T by 2C

13C/25C to 11C/25C

Saves 27% fan kW

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Key Advantages of Ice Thermal StorageKey Advantages of Ice Thermal Storage

Increased operational flexibility

Discharge very quickly

As fast as 1 to 2 hours

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External Melt (Direct Contact) Ice CoilsExternal Melt (Direct Contact) Ice Coils

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Key Advantages of Ice Thermal StorageKey Advantages of Ice Thermal Storage

Increased operational flexibility

Discharge very quickly

As fast as 1 to 2 hours

Following power interruptions, ice storage can

recover loop temperatures in minutes versus hours

Series arrangement

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External Melt Piping SchematicExternal Melt Piping Schematic

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Key Advantages of Ice Thermal StorageKey Advantages of Ice Thermal Storage

Summary

Reduced capital costs

Colder supply water temperatures

Increased operational flexibility

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THANK YOU!THANK YOU!