INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT

ON

GENERAL AWARENESS OF STEAM TURBINE MANUFACTURING

Submitted to:-

Dr. Harshdeep Sharma

Coordinator

Industial Training

Submitted by:-

Abhishek Chaudhary

1101201085

4th year (me-3)

QUES 1 : - What is Steam Turbine ?

Turbine is a engine that converts energy of fluid into mechanical energy

and steam turbine is a steam driven rotatry engine

A stream turbine is a device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam

and uses it to do mechanical energy on a rotating output shaft

It is a device where kinetic energy (heat) converted into mechanical energy

(in shape of rotation)

Classifation of steam turbines

1.On the type of flow

Direction of steam flow in relation to turbine wheel(drum)

1)axial

2)radial

3)mixed

4)tangential

Radial flow steam turbine :- in this steam flow is in radial direction

either towards or away From axis

Axial flow steam turbine :-in such turbine the steam flow in direction

or direction parallel to the axis of wheel or rotor

Majority of high power turbines are of axial type

Mixed flow steam turbine:- The steam flow through hp cylinder and then

Reversed flow in opposite direction through

remainder of high pressure cylinder

2. WAY OF ENERGY CONVERSION AND TYPE OF BLADING

1) IMPULSE TURBINE

2) REACTION TURBINE

By Type of Blading :-

Heat contained in steam passes through turbine must

be converted into mechanical energy depends up on

shape of turbine blades

2 basic design of blades are

1) impulse

2) reaction

Impulse blades:- 1) Works on principalof high pressure steam

striking or hitting against the moving blade

2) Impulse blades r usually symmetric and have

An entrance and exit angle of 20 degree

3) They r installed on high pressure section

of turbine

4) They r short and have constant cross section

REACTION BLADE :-

Energy contained with in the steam

converted to mechanical

Energy By reaction of jet of

steam as it expands through

Blades of rotor

Rotor is forced to rotate as expanding

Steam Exhausts the rotor arm nozzle

Application of steam turbine

1) Power station

2) Industrial

3) transport

Steam turbine components and relative

equipments:-

Frame : -

Manufacturing of steam turbine blade on cnc 3

axis machine

VARIOUS OPERATIONS ARE:-

1. RAW MATERIAL PROCUREMENT

2. LENGTH CUTTING

3. THICKNESS MILLING4. THICKNESS GRINDING

5. RHOMBOID MILLING & grinding

6. FACING AND SIZE MILLING

7. WIDTH MILLING

8. TAPER MILLING & GRINDING

9. FITTING AND POLISHING

RAW MATERIAL PROCUREMENT:

The steam turbine blade material is procured (the action of obtaining) as per

the design specification. The material is inspected dimensionally and all the

mechanical and chemical analysis are made as per the specification

LENGTH CUTTING:The material is cut to length by keeping machining allowance at both ends

THICKNESS MILLING:

The material is clamped in a vice or fixture and thickness is milled on both

sides by keeping n allowance of 0.5mm on both sides for grinding

RHOMBOID MILLING:

The ground blade bars are milled to rhomboid shape with an angle given

in the process by clamping in a ficture on both sides with an allowance of

0.5mm on both side. This is done on the horizontal milling machines.

WIDTH MILLING:

The profile width is done on both sides on horizontal milling machine as per

the drawing.

TAPER GRINDING:

The taper grinding is done on a surface grinding machione

and ensure the angle with in

the given tolerance in the diagram. Also surface finish must

be with in 8 microns

FITTING AND POLISHING:

The blades are deburred (smoothen the rough

edges) and rounded off on the inlet side and then

polished on blade

CONCLUSION :-

Efficiency and reliability of a steam turbine depends on the

proper design of blades

The reliability of moving blades is to be ensured upon

proper design selection of material.

Different milling cutters are used to finish the operation on

the blade

Reference :-

1) HANDBOOK (BHEL)

2)GOOGLE(http://www.slideshare.net/physics101/

turbine-manufacturing-process)

3)WIKIPEDIA(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_tu

rbine)

4)TURBOMACHINES BY S.M YAYA