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3-2 Energy Flow
Page 67
A. Producers
• 1. Sunlight is the main source of energy for life on earth.
• 2. Energy gets transferred from producers, or autotrophs (make their food).
• 3. Organisms use sunlight to make sugar by the process of photosynthesis.
A. Producers
A. Producers
• 4. An exception are the organisms living in the deep ocean where light does not reach.
A. Producers
• 5. When organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates, the process is called chemosynthesis.
A. Producers
• 6. Deep-ocean communities get energy from consuming bacteria (they use hydrogen sulfide to make food).
video
B. Consumers
• 1. Consumers, or heterotrophs, eat other organisms.
B. Consumers
• 2. Herbivores eat plants.
B. Consumers
• 3. Carnivores eat other animals.
B. Consumers
• 4. Omnivores eat both plants and animals.
B. Consumers• 5. Decomposers break down dead organisms
(include bacteria and fungi).
B. Consumers
• 6. Detritivores feed on dead matter (detritus) such as plant and animal remains.– Ex: mites, earthworms, snails
Brainstorm (2 of each)
• Herbivore• Carnivore• Omnivore• Decomposer
C. Feeding Relationships
• 1. When organisms consume each other, energy is transferred.
C. Feeding Relationships• 2. A food chain is the path of energy transfer
from one organism to the next as it is consumed.
Organize: Start with organism that is at the top of the food chain then move down!
• Organisms: Tiger, Grass, Rabbit, Wolf, Fox• Labels: Producer, Autotroph, Heterotroph,
First Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer(Top Carnivore)
Quick Activity!
• Each paper has the name of an organism. Find 3 other people to form a food chain with!
• When you complete your group of 4, Find a table to sit down at.
C. Feeding Relationships
• 3. A food web includes more organisms than a food chain and shows their feeding relationships.
Quick Activity!
• Food Web!• Using the same cards lets make a class food
web using yarn!• Start with the sun, move to plants, move to
herbivores, finish with carnivores!
C. Feeding Relationships
• 4. Each step of energy transfer is called a trophic level.
C. Feeding Relationships
• 5. Ecological or Energy pyramids visualize the loss of energy between trophic levels.
C. Feeding Relationships
• 6. Only 10% of the available energy is able to pass to the next trophic level, the other 90% is lost as heat.
Quick Demo!
• Energy Loss!
C. Feeding Relationships
• 7. The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called biomass.
Project:
• Make an energy pyramid