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33C H A P T E R
The Biomechanics of Resistance ExerciseThe Biomechanics of Resistance Exercise
Chapter Outline
The musculoskeletal system
Human strength and power
Sources of resistance to muscle contraction
Joint biomechanics: concerns in lifting
Movement analysis and exercise prescription
Muscle Pulling Force Manifested As a Pushing ForceMuscle Pulling Force Manifested As a Pushing Force
Muscle Pulling Force Manifested As a Pulling ForceMuscle Pulling Force Manifested As a Pulling Force
A LeverA Lever
A First-Class Lever (The Tricep)A First-Class Lever (The Tricep)
A Second-Class Lever (The Foot)A Second-Class Lever (The Foot)
A Third-Class Lever (The Forearm)A Third-Class Lever (The Forearm)
Changes in Mechanical Advantage: Knee Extension and Flexion
Changes in Mechanical Advantage: Knee Extension and Flexion
Changes in Mechanical Advantage: Elbow FlexionChanges in Mechanical Advantage: Elbow Flexion
Changes in Mechanical Advantage: During Weightlifting
Changes in Mechanical Advantage: During Weightlifting
Most of the skeletal muscles operate at a
considerable mechanical disadvantage. Thus,
during sports and other physical activities,
forces in the muscles and tendons are much
higher than those exerted by the hands or feet
on external objects or the ground.
Supporting the Vertebral Column During Lifting: The Fluid Ball
Read p.49
Supporting the Vertebral Column During Lifting: The Fluid Ball
Read p.49
Resistance training is quite safe compared
with other sports and fitness activities.
Prudence can keep injuries to a minimum. Basic
safety principles include good lifting form,
appropriate resistance, accommodation to
injuries, balance, and variety.
Specificity is a major consideration when
designing an exercise program to improve
performance in a particular sport activity. The
sport movement must be analyzed qualitatively
or quantitatively to determine the specific joint
movements that contribute to the whole-body
movement. Exercises that use similar joint
movements are then emphasized in the
resistance training program.
Front View of Adult Male Human Skeleton
Front View of Adult Male Human Skeleton
Rear View of Adult Male Human Skeleton
Rear View of Adult Male Human Skeleton
The Vertebral ColumnThe Vertebral Column
Front View of Adult Male Human Skeletal Musculature
Front View of Adult Male Human Skeletal Musculature
Rear View of Adult Male Human Skeletal Musculature
Rear View of Adult Male Human Skeletal Musculature
Action/ Origin/Insertion of Selected Muscles
Lower Body
Sartorius Adductors
Biceps Femoris Gracilis
Semimembranosus Gluteus Maximus
Semitendinosus Gluteus Medius
Gastrocnemius Rectus Femoris
Soleus
Tibialis Anteriorhttp://www.rad.washington.edu/atlas2/
Action/ Origin/Insertion of Selected MusclesLower Body
Deltoid Rhomboids (Anterior/Middle/Posterior)Pec Major TrapeziusBiceps Latissimus DorsiBrachialisBrachioradialisRotator Cuff
SupraspinatusInfraspinatusTeres MinorSubscapularis
http://www.rad.washington.edu/atlas2/
Terms ROM Plane
Anterior vs Posterior FlexionS
Lateral vs Medial Extension S
Proximal vs Distal AB/AD F
Superior vs Inferior IR/ER T
Circumduction S/F/T
Lateral Bending F
Anatomical Planes of the Human BodyAnatomical Planes of the Human Body