3-D Data Visualization - Trainex Comm 3-3D.pdf3-D Data Visualization Taking the Next Step in Data...

www.trainex.org/osc2012

15th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program

3-D Data VisualizationTaking the Next Step in Data Presentation

Stephen DymentUSEPA

Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology [email protected]

15th Annual OSC Readiness Training Program www.trainex.org/osc2012 1

Two Types of Software for Environmental Data Reconstruction / Visualization

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Examples – Google Earth Pro, ArcGIS, RockWorks™ Map (2-D) view of information Useful in looking at data distributions and details of some data sets Doesn’t allow analysis of data with depth or elevation changes Prerequisite to running of most 3-D programs

3-D & 4-D data reconstruction/visualization programs Examples – EarthVision®, EVS/MVS, GMS, RockWorks™, ArcGIS 3D analyst Allows analysis of environmental data as a function of space (3-D) / time (4-D)

• e.g., hydrogeology, bedrock, vadose/saturated zone distributions, sampling protocols – discrete intervals versus lengthy well screens, source to plume linkages

Important differentiation in types of data analysis produced by different programs

• Geostatistical versus subjective correlations• Flexible (accepts all site data) versus fixed program structure


Why 3-D, Why Now?

Rapid acceleration of benefit and utility of visualization platforms in the environmental industry

Use of conceptual site models (CSMs) to support decision making Moving beyond conceptual “cartoons”, PRN diagram-based CSMs Geo-referenced geologic, hydrogeologic, and analytical data facilitate

resolution of technical challenges

Reconstruction limits data “interpretation bias” For information value data must be interpreted, but interpretations can be

incorrect or incomplete

EPA renewed emphasis and new focus areas Renewed emphasis on high quality characterization in support of remedy

selection, design and optimization New focus on more meaningful and effective community engagement


We Live in a 3-D World

In many cases 2D “map” views may provide sufficient detail to convey information Typically provides the what, limited where

3D and 4D provide the why, how Depth, hydrogeologic context, time

It’s dark down there… 3D data visualization provides a platform to convey

multiple independent data sets in simple form Communication tool or technical analysis?


How Effectively Can Stakeholders Understand Contaminant Distribution and Relevance With This 2-D Visualization?


3-D Visualization of TCE Plume Escaping Groundwater Extraction

System. Provides easy understanding of threat to public well.

Here is the Same Data Set Integrated with Hydrogeology

TCE Plume Configuration and Extent is Controlled by Geology. Control must be addressed in management strategies.

12A Plume and GETS 12A Geology and Plume Morphology


Mass that “moves” and what monitoring wells see

Back diffusion causes challenges like rebound and long cleanup times

Courtesy of Fred Payne- Arcadis

Matrix, Contaminant, and Temporal Complexities


Technical Disagreements Among Stakeholders

Often attributable to competing CSMs 3-D data reconstruction / visualization helps us understand the

“Rumsfeld Principle” Changing PMs, contractors, property owners

Variability often compromises quality of data and conclusions 3-D data reconstruction / visualization treats all data equally

Data type and density versus resources and SOPs Analytical and direct sensing quality vs. spatial and temporal

measurement density

“As we know, there are known knowns. There are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns. That is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns, the ones we don't know we don't know.”

Donald Rumsfeld, Feb. 12, 2002 Department of Defense


Summary of Best Practices for 3-D Data Reconstruction / Visualization / Analysis

Step 1 - Identify basic questions to answer with existing data Step 2 - Identify the types of hard data needed to answer

questions Step 3 - Determine what component reconstructions are needed Step 4 - Sort and document hard data from interpretations Step 5 - Import hard data into database format for building

reconstruction components Step 6 - Use GIS and 3-D data analysis to evaluate sample

distributions in map format Step 7 - Evaluate and ensure adequate distribution of geologic log

data Step 8 - Use actual (measured) data to ensure objective 3-D

reconstructions* Note - Be aware of the principal of significant figures; not only for

contaminant data; but also geology and hydrogeology


How Do I Get Started?

NewmarkOrientation

Start with a spatially correct platform Add elements/data sets to explore CSM issues Flexible, scalable, upgradable, timely Remote operation


Example #1- Newmark GW Site R9 Ongoing Remedial Actions(EPA 5-YR Review, 2008)

Modified from Stantec, 2009


Optimize interim P&T ‘Information-based’ RI 3D used as platform for preliminary

conceptual site model (PCSM) Administrative data review

Identify additional locations with potentially applicable information

Perform 3-D visualization and analysis Review, organize, summarize historical info

Plan and perform RI/FS

Project Goals and Approach

Newmark PCE with WHS

Newmark PCE without WHS


Hydrogeologic plume control

Primary and secondary sources

Remedy evaluation- North plant treatment

Preliminary Findings

North Treatment 1997 PCE

Newmark-CJ 10

Newmark GW levels and geologic plume controls

Integrated Muscoy/Newmark

North Treatment 2003PCE


How Has 3D Been Used at Newmark? Communication and planning tool

Presented PCSM and findings to stakeholders September 2011

Technical analysis tool ICs in place to protect remedies Requires new permit for any new well or change

of existing pumping conditions MODFLOW

Pathlines1997 PCE


Example #2- Modern Electroplating R1Brownfields Technical Support Center

Modern Electroplating

Children’s Services Prop.


Prior efforts focused on tactical activities and basic site description

Evaluate historical removal/remedial actions Assess future data needs- particularly VI Build PCSM, cost effectively for Brownfields

applications Recommendations

Project Goals and Approach

Chemical GW-2 (ug/L) GW-3 (ug/L)

PCE 50 30,000

TCE 30 5,000

Groundwater GW-2/GW-3 Criteria


Hydrogeologic plume control

Primary and secondary sources

Vapor Intrusion

Preliminary Findings

TCE 5000 ppb 2001-2011

Water Levels

Geology

Vertical Gradient Summary(Positive values indicate

downward direction)

PCE 100 ppb 2001-2011

Well Nest Unit

VerticalHead

Difference(ft)

Vertical HydraulicGradient

(ft/ft)MW101S Overburden 0.98 0.02

MW101R2 Deep BedrockMW205S Overburden -0.08 -0.01MW205R Shallow BedrockMW109 Shallow Bedrock 0.22 0.02MW108 Deep Bedrock

MW9 Overburden 1.4 0.10MW107 Shallow Bedrock

Average Vertical Hydraulic Gradient 0.03

PCE 2001-2011 GW-2 Compliance

TCE 2001-2011 GW-2 Compliance


How Has 3D Been Used at Modern Electroplating?

Communication and planning tool Presented PCSM and findings to stakeholders

December 2011 In conjunction with nearby sites, supports

corridor redevelopment Technical analysis tool

Better understanding of hydrogeologic plume controls

Help to identify future data needs • Bedrock• Optimize VI sampling priorities• Limit uncertainty, expedite decision making


Color CodingA Final Word of Caution

Significant Heterogeneity Exists

Many EPA projects have historically used color coding as a means to convey information

These do not convey other elements of risk management Concentration

• Exposure scenarios• Geologic, hydrogeologic context • Role of heterogeneity


Ignore Heterogeneity at Your Peril


Depth-integrated, flow weighted averaging

1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000

176

178

180

182

184

186

Elev

atio

n (m

)

PCE (ug/L)10-3 10-2 10-1

176

178

180

182

184

186

Hydraulic Conductivity (cm/sec)


Location #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7

Vario-plot layout

Determines short-scale heterogeneity

(SS) (on order of feet). SS

heterogeneity causes SS data

variability.

Initially start with a 12 X 12 ft area.

Using in situ XRF, analyze each location

in the designated pattern

(see QC for in situ XRF)

2 ft spacing between locations on one side

#8

#9

12 ft

bet

ween

loca

tions

#1 an

d #9

12 ft between locations #7 and #10

6 ft between #4 and #8

12 ft between locations #9 and #10 #10

6-21


VarioPlot Example – RR Lot 3


Lot 3 after

Lead Avg Concentration

Surface Soil

Field in-situ= 40 ppm

Lab ex-situ/IS sample= 40 ppm


Surface Soil




Surface Soil




Surface Soil




Surface Soil




Surface Soil




Surface Soil




Surface Soil




Answers in the FieldColor Coded Decision Units

-How many Increments?

-What can we expect the mean of the ICS to be? (In-situ surface results)

-Where should be take a depth sample (highest in-situ surface reading).

-Anything unusual? shoot with the XRF


Questions

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