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Presentation Topic:3G And 4G 3G Techologies

Presented By:

1G WIRELESS SYSTEM

Developed in 1980s and completed in early 1990’s

1G was old analog system and supported the 1st generation of analog cell phones speed up to 2.4kbps

Advance mobile phone system (AMPS) was first launched by the US and is a 1G mobile system

Allows users to make voice calls in 1 country

2G WIRELESS SYSTEM

Fielded in the late 1980s and finished in the late 1990s

Planned for voice transmission with digital signal and the speeds up to 64kbps

2G was the digital handsets that we are used today, with 2.5G representing handsets with data capabilities over GPRS

3G WIRELESS SYSTEM

Developed in the late 1990s until present day

Japan is the first country having introduced 3G nationally, and in Japan the transition to 3G is being largely completed during 2005/2006

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WHY 3G? Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!! For the consumer

Video streaming, TV broadcastVideo calls, video clips – news, music, sportsEnhanced gaming, chat, location services…

For businessHigh speed teleworking / VPN accessSales force automationVideo conferencingReal-time financial information

63G STANDARDS

3G Standard is created by ITU-T and is called as IMT-2000.

The aim of IMT-2000 is to harmonize worldwide 3G systems to provide Global Roaming.

3G TECHNOLOGY Large capacity and broadband

capabilities

Allows the transmission of 384kbps for mobile systems and up to 2Mbps

Increased spectrum efficiency –5MhzA greater number of users that can be

simultaneously supported by a radio frequency bandwidth

High data rates at lower incremental cost than 2G–Global roaming

PREVIOUS TECHNOLOGY - 3G

CDMA –Code Division Multiple Access

Form of multiplexing

Does not divide up the channel by time or frequency

Encodes data with a special code associated with each channel

CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS

TYPES OF MULTIPLEXING FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access

Each phone call is allocated one frequency for the entire duration of the call

TYPES OF MULTIPLEXING

TDMA - Time Division Multiple Access Each phone call is allocated a spot in the

frequency for a small amount of time, and "takes turns" being transmitted

TYPES OF MULTIPLEXING

CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access Each phone call is uniquely encoded and

transmitted across the entire spectrum, in a manner known as spread spectrum transmission

REASONS FOR NEW RESEARCH Even though 3G has successfully been

introduced to mobile users, there are some issues that are debated by 3G providers and users.High input fees for the 3G service

licenses

Great differences in the licensing terms

3G phones are expensive

3G- ADVANTAGES

3G phones promise :- Improved digital voice communications Larger Bandwidth – Higher Data rate Greater subscriber capacity Fast packet-based data services like e-mail, short

message service (SMS), and Internet access at broadband speeds.

Most carriers also expect consumers to want :- location services interactive gaming streaming video home monitoring and control and who knows what else, while being fully mobile anywhere in

the world.

3G CAPABILITIES

Voice quality comparable to the public switched telephone network

144 Kbps- user in high-speed motor vehicles 384 Kbps- pedestrians standing or moving

slowly over small areas Up to 2 Mbps- fixed applications like office use Symmetrical/asymmetrical data transmission

rates Support for both packet switched and circuit

switched data services like Internet Protocol (IP) traffic and real time video

3G WIRELESS SYSTEM (CONT’D)

Services include: Global roaming Superior voice quality and video conference Data always add–on services (e-mail, personal

organizer, etc.) Information for web surfing, music, news, corporate

intranet, transportation service etc. Purchasing – on-line shopping / banking, ticketing,

gambling, games, etc.

3G WIRELESS SYSTEM (CONT’D)

Transmission speeds from 125kbps to 2Mbps

In 2005, 3G is ready to live up to its performance in computer networking (WCDMA, WLAN and Bluetooth) and mobile devices area (cell phone and GPS)

3G: APPLICATIONS, SERVICES AND MARKET

3G applications can be divided into:

Wireless Advertising Mobile Information Business Solutions Mobile Transactions Mobile Entertainment Person-to-Person Communications Bearer Entrance and Periodics

ISSUES ON 3G WIRELESS SYSTEM Current high debt of many telecommunication

companies, making it more of a challenge to build the necessary infrastructure for 3G

Health aspects of the effects of electromagnetic waves

Expense and bulk of 3G phones Lack of 2G mobile user buy-in for 3G wireless

service Lack of coverage because it is still new service High prices of 3G mobile services in some

countries

WHAT IS 4G? Fourth Generation Technology

Faster and more reliable100 Mb/s Lower cost than previous generationsMulti-standard wireless systemBluetooth, Wired, Wireless Ad Hoc Networking IPv6 CoreOFDM used instead of CDMAPotentially IEEE standard 802.11n

4G WIRELESS SYSTEM

4G is a research item for next-generation wide-area cellular radio, where you have 1G, 2G, 3G and then 4G [and 5G]

4G is a conceptual framework and a discussion point to address future needs of a high speed wireless network

It offer both cellular and broadband multimedia services everywhere

Expected to emerged around 2010 - 2015

4G DEFINITION

4G is not one defined technology or standard, but rather a collection of technologies at creating fully packet-switched networks optimized for data.

4G Networks are projected to provide speed of 100Mbps while moving and 1Gbps while stationary.

COMMUNICATIONS ARCHITECTURE

Broadcast layer: fix access points, cell tower connected by fiber,

microwave, or satellite (ISP)

Ad-hoc/hot-spot layer: wireless LANs ( internet at Starbuck’s)

COMMUNICATIONS ARCHITECTUREPersonal Layer Gateway:

devices that connect to upper layers; cell phone, fax, voice, data modem, MP3 players, PDAs

Info-Sensor layer:environmental sensors

Fiber-optic wire layer: high speed subterranean labyrinth of fiber

optic cables and repeaters

AD HOC NETWORKS

Spontaneous self organization of networks of devices

Not necessarily connected to internet

4G will create hybrid wireless networks using Ad Hoc networks

Form of mesh networking–Very reliable

BROADBAND ACCESS IN REMOTE LOCATION

4G will provide a wireless alternative for broadband access

I will provide first opportunity for broadband access in remote locations without an infrastructure to support cable or DSL access.

THANKS

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