Beckenanalyse 3. Meeresspiegelschwankungen

global

vs.

local /regional

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Coe et al. 2003

Einsele2000

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Mesozoicsea-level change

Reading 1996

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Chronostratigraphic chart and sea-level curve for the Jurassic (Haq et al. 1988)for the Jurassic (Haq et al. 1988)

HvE / Fazies- und BeckenanalyseReading 1996

Chronostratigraphic chart and sea-level curve for the Cretaceous (Haq et al. 1988)

HvE / Fazies- und BeckenanalyseReading 1996

Different estimates of long-term Mesozoic sea-level changes

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Leeder 1999

Coe et al. 2003

How to measuresea-level change ?sea level change ?

coastal maps

coastal sediments

tidal gaugeg g

Coe et al. 2003

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

oxygenoxygenisotopes

Coe et al. 2003

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Holocene

Late Pliocene to Recent oxygen isotopic cyclesisotopic cycles

(b)

Leeder 1999

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Leeder 1999

LGM

Coe et al. 2003

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Processes controlling eustatic sea-level change

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Reading 1996

Bahlburg &Breitkreuz 1998

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Leeder1999

Break-up of Pangea and associatedincrease in sea-floor

dispreading

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Einsele 2000

The hierarchy of stratigraphical cycles

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Coe et al. 2003

nextslide

The hierarchy of stratigraphical cycles

Coe et al. 2003

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

The three orbital parameters that cause orbital cyclicity (“Milankovich Cycles“)

HvE / Fazies- und BeckenanalyseCoe et al. 2003

Coe et al. 2003

Fig. 7.37. (a) Orbital parameters of the g ( )sun-moon-earth system and their temporal variation during the last 800 ka. (b) sum of the signals shown in (a) in terms of energy received by the

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

outer atmosphere.Einsele 2000

[Ma] greenhouse

time vs.

icehouse

Coe et al. 2003

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

C t l 2003Coe et al. 2003

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Multiple ordersea levelsea-levelfluctuations

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Coe et al. 2003

Coe et al. 2003

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Coe et al. 2003

Principal factors influencing sequence development

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Coe et al. 2003 (from Galloway 1989)

Beckenanalyse 4. Sediment Supply / Sediment Budget

Denudation: average amount of lowering of the land surfacei t i i d t th i d i Fig. 9.1. c Generalin a certain region due to weathering and erosion g

trends in climatically-controlled production of clastic sediments and the input of dissolved constituents into sedimentary basins.

Ca

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Einsele2000

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Einsele2000

Chemical denudationChemical denudationvs

rock typerock type

Ei l 2000

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Einsele 2000

Denudationvs

Exhumation

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Leeder 1999

(a)

Leeder 1999(b) Leeder 1999(b)

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

sediment yieldvsvs

drainage area

specificsediment yield SY(t/km2/a)

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Einsele 2000

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Einsele2000

modernmodernvs

long-termdenudation rates

Einsele 2000

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Basin Fill

the filling of sedimentary basins and the architecture and facies associations of g ytheir sediments are generally controlled by the interaction between several more or less independent factors:

(1) size and denudation characteristics of land areas delivering terrigenous sedi-ments (specific sediment yield)ments (specific sediment yield)

(2) areal extent and geometry of the corresponding basin receiving sediment

(3) biogenic sediment production in the basin itself(3) biogenic sediment production in the basin itself

(4) tectonic and total subsidence of basin floor as well as compaction of sediments

(5) di t ib ti f th di t i l ti t th h d li i f th t fill d(5) distribution of the sediment in relation to the hydraulic regime of the water-filledbasin, or, on land, of the river system crossing and feeding the basin with sediments.

(6) relative sea-level or base level changes and their frequencies and amplitudes.

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse(Einsele 2000)

Sediment budget denudation rate vs sedimentation rateg

Fig. 11.3. a Qualitative model showing the influence of size and relief of denudation area on sediment fill f i hb i b i

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

of neighbouring basins.Einsele 2000

sedimentation rate

(sediment thicknessper unit time [m/Ma])

Fig. 10.3. Overview of sedimentation rates in various depositional environ-ments which are dominated either by allochthonous, siliciclastic sediments,

Einsele 2000

, ,or autochthonous, biogenic materials

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

long-term vs short-term sedimentation rates

HvE / Fazies- und BeckenanalyseEinsele 2000

suspended solidsdissolved loads

HvE / Fazies- und BeckenanalyseEinsele 2000

FD

VS

VS

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse Einsele 2000

le 2

000

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Ein

se

le 2

000

HvE / Fazies- und Beckenanalyse

Ein

se