3 - RNP_Exercise_ed4 - Released

8/11/2019 3 - RNP_Exercise_ed4 - Released

1/102

RNP Exercise

ND Competence Centre

April, 2009


2/102

Agenda

1. Introduction

2. Exercise Requirements

3. Excel Tools

4. SPM 2100 Mhz

5. ACCO Usage

6. Predictions

7. Simulations


3/102

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2008, 20093. RNP Exercise | April 2009

Introduction

1


4/102


Alcatel-Lucents Radio Network Design Process

Overview

Radio N etwork

Optimisation

Radio N etwork Planning

(Or Cell Planning)

Radio Network Dimensioning

(Or Cell Dimensioning)

PhasesInputs Outputs

Coverage

Requirements

Land Usage / Area

Traffic Requirements

Offered services

Service bit rate, traffic

Volume, subscriber density

QoS Requirements

BLER, Blocking, Coverage

Probability, Indoor

Penetration

Link Budget, Number

of sites, cell size

calculation

Node-B configuration

Feature scheduling

Performance Analysis

IncreasedA

ccuracy

IncreasedA

ccuracy

Ensures an optimalradio network configuration (Node-B count, etc)

providing contiguous and qualityservice coverage


5/102


Alcatel-Lucents Radio Network Design Process

Focus on WCDMA

1) Radio Network DimensioningLink Budget / Power Analysis

UMTS Parameters

RNP Covera ge PredictionsCPICH RSCP

CPICH Ec/ Io

UL/DL Service Coverage

RNP Network Simulations

Monte Carlo Simulations

Detailed Traffic Distribution

Failure mechanisms, Problem areas

Design

Inpu

ts Add new sites

Modify site locationsModify antenna tilt/

azimuth

Add radio features

Add new sitesModify site locations

Modify antenna tilt/

azimuth

Add radio features

UL Cell Load

DL Power

UL Cell Load

DL PowerCell Range, Node-B Config

Initial Site Count

UL Cell Load

DL Power


6/102


Exercise Requirements

2


7/102All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2008, 20093. RNP Exercise | April 2009

Exercise inputs

City for the exercise : Bruxelles

Existing 2G network in DCS1800 sitescoordinates provided

3G overlay inside the provided Focus Zone

Product to be used : 3 sector sites with RRH 20 W and d2U inside the 2G

cabinet

Antenna Requirements : Dual Band DCS/UMTS with 18 dBi Gain

Site Height : 25m DU, U and 30m SU, RU

Continuous coverage requirement for CS64

HSDPA and HSUPA for all sites

RNP output Requirements: - pilot RSCP predictions, Ec/Io predictions,

Effective service area predictions, HSDPA predictions, HSUPA predictions

- Network Simulations (3 Years with 10% growth yoy)



Exercise KPIs

Coverage probability 95% DU,MU,SU and 90% RU

CSSR - 99%

Ec/Io for a 65% load = -14 dB

Call Drop Rate 0.5%

HSDPA -300 kbps at cell edge

Penetration margins to be used are : 20 dB for DU, 17 dB for MU, 14 dB for SU

and 8 dB for RU

PS Attach success rate 98.5%



Geo Database Import

Open a new UMTS ALU Project

Set up the projection to UTM 31 North with WGS84 Datum

Import the Clutter map, DTM , Focus Zone

Copy the existing 2G sites in the Sites Table


10/102


Excel Tools

3


11/102


Excel Tools

A9155 v6.6 Cell Inputs Calculator v5 and ALU WCDMA Link Budget v6.5

The objective of this chapter is:

1) Define the correct channel powers for the site templates

2) Obtain the link budget design levels


12/102


Excel Tools


Setting the site templates:

- Download A9155 v6.6 Cell Inputs Calculator

Fill in the Input Assumptions corresponding to exercise requirements.

On the right : Recommended Input Settings for cases /w and w/o HSUPA !!!

Choose a Medium DL Loading with HSUPA

Choose 65% UL Load due to DCH and other parameters can be left as default

The results from Downlink Power Inputs will be used for setting the transmitter

powers
http://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocument


13/102


Excel Tools


Edit each transmitter type, corresponding

to each morphology, with the powers obtained

in the Cell Inputs Calculator

Choose the right antenna type, transmitter

height, propagation model

Enable HSDPA/HSUPA

Do not forget that on last sheet of Cell Inputs Calculator Shadowing.

Useful for predictions with Acceptance Levels with different Coverage Probabilities.


14/102


Excel Tools


Setting the Signal Thresholds:

- Download ALU WSCDMA Link Budget v6.4

Fill in the Summary Sheet corresponding to

exercise requirements.

Fill in the Frequency Parameters for 2.1 Ghz
http://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC12572EA002236FB.nsf/h_Index/20C54504E3009A75C12573CC0035103F/?OpenDocument


15/102


Excel Tools


Fill in the morphology parameters :

Node-B parameters and UE Parameters


16/102


Excel Tools


The Eb/N0 sheet is updated with the last simulations values

The signal levels to be used with ACCO are DESIGN Levels from each of thefour clutter types

There are cases in which the operator

provides the CPICH RSCP levels and they

must be respected In other cases the operator specifies the

service for which he wants continuous

Coverage


17/102


Excel Tools

Link budget details

The expected Design Levels for CS64 for Vehicular A 3 km/h

-78.8 for DU; -81.8 for MU; -84.7 for SU ; -95,3 for RU

The corresponding Acceptance Levels need to be checked against the levels from

KPI_Targets_Bids_V1.18.xls

KPI LKB

DU -88.71 dBm -87.5 dBm

U -90.64 dBm -90.5 dBm

SU -96.64 dBm -93.4 dBm

RU -96.64dBm -99.7 dBm
http://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256F9B0067C0E9.nsf/h_Index/FB76C8A274AF98A4C125711E004E473F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256F9B0067C0E9.nsf/h_Index/FB76C8A274AF98A4C125711E004E473F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256F9B0067C0E9.nsf/h_Index/FB76C8A274AF98A4C125711E004E473F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256F9B0067C0E9.nsf/h_Index/FB76C8A274AF98A4C125711E004E473F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256F9B0067C0E9.nsf/h_Index/FB76C8A274AF98A4C125711E004E473F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256F9B0067C0E9.nsf/h_Index/FB76C8A274AF98A4C125711E004E473F/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256F9B0067C0E9.nsf/h_Index/FB76C8A274AF98A4C125711E004E473F/?OpenDocument


18/102


Excel Tools

>> Chapter Analysis

Questions:

1) What are the powers corresponding to different channels in your

Cell_Inputs_Calculator?

2) What are the design levels corresponding to CS64 service for different clutter

classes?

3) What are the differences between the design level and acceptance level?


19/102


SPM 2100 Mhz

4


20/102


21/102


SPM Calibration

Model Overview

COST HATA based with parameters that can be calibrated

Subject of tuning in a project:

f(clutter)

K4

Other K factors if results

not satisfyingNear/far from transmitter

with :

PR received power (dBm)

PTx transmitted power (EIRP) (dBm)

K1 constant offset (dB)

K2 multiplying factor for log(d)

d distance between the receiver and the transmitter (m)

K3 multiplying factor for log(Heff)

Heff effective height of the transmitter antenna (m)

K4 multiplying factor for diffraction calculation. K4 has to be apositive number

Diffraction losses due to diffraction over an obstructed path (dB)

K5 multiplying factor for log(Heff)log(d)K6 multiplying factor for Hmeff

Hmeff mobile antenna height (m)

Kclutter multiplying factor for f(clutter)

f(clutter) average of weighted losses due to clutter

K(hill,los) corrective factor for hilly regions (=0 in case of NLOS)


22/102


SPM Calibration

Methodology

Calibration Methods:

Method 1: Tuning clutter lossesMainly clutter classes are subject of calibration -> centered global mean error

Fine tune clutter correction factors

In hilly regions calibrate also K4

Adjust K1 if constant offset for all clutters

Method is fast and can provide good results (start with this method first)

Method 2: Tuning all K parameters

If the first method does not provide satisfying results, tune all model parametersMore complex, the parameters should not be outside a given range


23/102


SPM Calibrated Parameters

Exercise has calibrated model available

The SPM Parameters for Belgium are:


24/102


SPM Calibrated Parameters

The clutter correction factors:

Mean Error: 0dB

Std deviation: 7.9


25/102


SPM Calibration

Model Selection

New models will be introduced in 9155 V6.7

2 different propagation models for DU/U and SU/RUBetter accuracy than old SPM 2100 verified against measurements taken in different

parts of the world

DU/U MODEL

Clutter name Clutter losses forDU/U model at

2100MHz

Not classified

Buildings 0

Suburban =dense individual= residentialhigh -2

Residential = mean individual -3

Village -9

Rural -11

Industrial -5

Open in urban -1

Forest -2

Parks -7Open -4

Water, inland water -15

Blockbuildings 1

Dense blockbuildings 4

Dense urban 3

Mean urban or mean collective 0


26/102


SPM Calibration

Model Selection

SU/RU MODEL

Clutter name Clutter losses forSU/RU model at

2100MHz

Not classified

Buildings 0Suburban =dense individual= residential

high -2

Residential = mean individual -3

Village -9

Rural -11

Industrial -5

Open in urban -1

Forest -2

Parks -7

Open -11Water, inland water -15

Blockbuildings 1

Dense blockbuildings 4

Dense urban 3

Mean urban or mean collective 0


27/102


Link Budget check

Evaluation of Link Budget vs cell edge in RNP

The procedure is to remove the DTM, place one site on the map where the clutter

type is compact and run Coverage by signal level prediction with the design levels

obtained from the link budget.

Define antenna type (lkb is isotropic)

We should observe that the cell range from the link budget has a value that is very

close to the cell range measured in A9155

If the results are not similar, check your link budget parameters, check the

transmitter parameters and clutter correction factors, change antenna

For the cases where we dont have a calibrated SPM this step is important for the

designer to be more confident in the obtained results


28/102


Antennas

Antenna selection exercise and observation

There are several type of antennas. We have 8 patterns in A9155 that can be used for

3G projects and more can be obtained by asking RadioToolsSupport

For this exercise : we will compare ANT*1710-2170/65/18/V0-10T/Xpol/RET and

65deg 18dBi 2Tilt

The results are in favor of the second antenna (dedicated for 1920-2170 Mhz band),

but does not fit the requirements, so the first one will be used

PRICES

ANT*1710-2170/65/18/V0-10T/Xpol/RET 652 EU

ANT*870-960&1710-2170/65/16-18/V0-10T&V0-6T/XXPol/Dip/RET 3077 EU

ANT*1710-2170/1710-2170/65/18/V0-8T/XXPol/RET 1338 EU

The antennas can be specified by the operator or can be chosen by the equipment

provider based on other agreements


29/102


Antennas

Tips & Tricks

Depending on the vertical pattern, some antennas have coverage holes near the

transmitter (like shown in the picture)

In this case we can smoothen the pattern by changing

2 parameters in Vertical Pattern tab of the antenna


30/102


Prop Model & Antenna Selection

>> Chapter Analysis

Discussion

- Whenever possible the designer should use calibrated propagation models.

Contact the CC to obtain the calibrated parameters for the SPM model if available.

- If there is no calibrated model , use the default SPM 2100. Check the cell range

from the excel link budget against the one obtained in A9155.

- There are several antenna types (multiband, single-band) with different gains

and patterns. Choose the right antenna in the circumstances of your project.


31/102


ACCO

5


32/102


ACCO

This chapter contains:

1) ACCO Greenfield settings

2) ACCO Optimization settings

ACCO G fi ld


33/102


ACCO Greenfield

Selecting Sites from existing 2G

Before starting ACCO make sure that:

the site templates are set correctly

the clutter correction factors from SPM are filled in

the standard deviations are set (if Acceptance Levels are required)

the existing 2G sites are copied in the Sites Table

Start ACCO Greenfield in Advanced Mode

Fill in the RX level [dBm] with the Design Levels from the Link Budget

Check the site templates corresponding to each clutter class

Leave Activate new sites box from the right checked

Save the template for future use. It can easily be imported later by you or by othercolleagues who work on the same project.

ACCO will reuse as much as possible the existing 2G sites

ACCO G fi ld


34/102


ACCO Greenfield

Site Density slider operates

similar as changing the design level

with the figure indicated on theslider

Positive value means a higher nb.

of sites and a negative value meansa more aggressive design (this

feature should not be used, always

indicate in the design Rx Level)

ACCO I t di t St


35/102


ACCO Intermediate Steps

Optimize new sites selected

After the sites are placed in the focus zone, run Coverage by signal level and Pilot

Reception Analysis Ec/Io predictions.

In order to run this predictions only the pilot power ant total power information is

necessary (see chapter 6 Predictions)

Observe the results and if the KPIs are not met, go through an optimization phase.

The optimization process will be briefly described in the next slides

The optimization results will be re-imported in A9155 and the predictions will be run

again.

If more sites are needed, they will be placed manually in the coverage holes


36/102


ACCO - Optimization

Further improvements can be achieved by using ACCO Optimization

Several Targets can be set to ACCO Optimization (Coverage , Ec/Io)

In Optimization ranges tab set the Mechanical Tilt and Azimuths


37/102


ACCO - Optimization

In the Optimization Target tab one can add a coverage target

The signal levels from the link budget must be filled in

Different priorities can be set to the clutters, based on the importance


38/102


ACCO - Optimization

In the Optimization Target tab one can add a Ec/Io target

The target can be set globally or individually for each clutter

The terminal, mobility type and the service have also to be set


39/102


ACCO - Optimization

After the optimization is done the results can be graphically displayed by pushing

Visualize Results button

Can be observed

- Initial state

- Optimized state

- Intermediate steps

- Differences


40/102


41/102


42/102


Predictions

The Objectives of this chapter are:

1) Settings for CPICH Predictions (& execute)

2) Settings for Pilot Ec/Io Predictions (& execute)

3) Effective Service Area Predictions (& execute)

4) HSDPA Predictions (& execute)

Predictions


43/102


Predictions

CPICH RSCP Predictions

The only cell parameter of importance for CPICH RSCP predictions is the PilotPower:

The A9155 v6.6 Cell Inputs Calculatorhas been used to determine correct cellinputs for the site templates

Predictions


44/102


Predictions

CPICH RSCP Predictions

Note: Ensure that both Shadowing taken into

account and Indoor Coverage are not

selected

This is important because both shadowing

margins and penetrations should already be

accounted for in the MAPL calculations

Select Coverageby Signal Level

Enter the CPICH RSCP Thresholds

Predictions


45/102


Predictions

CPICH RSCP Predictions: Example

If acceptance levels are required, check Shadowing taken into account withcell edge coverage probability taken from Shadowingsheet in the

A9155 v6.6 Cell Inputs Calculator

The shadowing margin is computed by A9155,but the results should be similar

Predictions


46/102


Predictions

Pilot Ec/Io Predictions

The cell parameters that impact the Pilot Ec/Io predictions are:

Pilot Power

Total Power

Key inputs being the DL power loading assumptions

Unloaded (overheads only) => expect ~-8dB Ec/Io

% DL power load, e.g. 100% => expect ~-15dB Ec/Io

% available DL traffic power loading

In terminal parameters the only input that matters is the Noise Figureand

It should be equal to 8

Predictions


47/102


Predictions

Pilot Ec/Io Predictions

Note: If considering shadowing for Ec/Io A9155

will use the Ec/Io std dev defined in the clutterproperties window (should be set to 3dB)

If Ec/Io reliability is a requirement then selectshadowing option

Select indoor losses if considering noise limitedcoverage

Define thresholds -15 to -8dB

Select PilotReception Analysis

Predictions


48/102


Predictions

Pilot Ec/Io Predictions: Example

CPICH Ec/Io

Threshold = -15dB

A report can be generated to compare the results against the requirements


49/102

Predictions


50/102


Predictions

Effective Service Area Predictions

In the transmitters properties tab window:

Set the UL soft handover gain to 0 dB

Activate MRC

The cell parameters that impact the

Service Area predictions are:

Max Power, Pilot Power, SCH Power,

other CCH, Total Power, DL HSUPA

Power

The powers were filled in using:

A9155 v6.6 Cell Inputs Calculator

Predictions
http://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocument


51/102


Predictions

Effective Service Area Predictions: - Define Penetration Margins, Orthogonality & Shadowing

Like Pilot Ec/Io predictions, in most cases the penetrationmarginwill have a minimal impact on the Eb/Nt predictions(exception being, for example, rural areas)

Only used if indoor losses checked in prediction options

In the field it has been

observed that thestandard deviation ofEb/Ntis much less thanthat of Eb alone (i.e. ismuch less than thestandard deviation ofthe RSCP level, (in theorder of ~3dB)

This is only used ifshadowing is checked inthe effective servicearea prediction options

The recommended orthogonality factor is 0.6 forSU and RU and 0.4 for Urban

Predictions


52/102


Effective Service Area Predictions - Set Terminal Characteristics

Set Max Power to

21dBm for all butHSDPA UEs

No Gains or Losses

Set NF to 8dB


53/102

Predictions


54/102


Effective Service Area Predictions - Create Prediction

Note: If considering shadowing for service areapredictions A9155 will use the Eb/Nt std. dev.

defined in the clutter properties window (shouldbe set to 3dB)

If Eb/Nt reliability is a requirement then selectshadowing option

It is recommended to always select indoor losses ifconsidering indoor coverage

Select the Effective Service Area(for all services)

Alternatively the UL and DL effective service areacan be predicted separately

Predictions


55/102


Effective Service Area Predictions: Example

384kbps Coverage

Predictions


56/102


HSDPA & HSUPA Predictions

Objective: Demonstrate the HSPA throughputs over the area

Steps:

1) Set Transmitter Properties

2) Set Cell Parameters

3) Set Reception Equipment Parameters

4) Set Terminal Characteristics

5) Define Mobility Parameters

6) Define Service Parameters

7) Create Prediction

Predictions
http://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/D2BAC31E41F29A23C125735600196151/?OpenDocument


57/102


HSPA Predictions: 1) Set Transmitter Properties

Set Nt computation to be Without Useful Signal

Set CQI to be Based on HS-PDSCH Quality

WCDMA RNP Predictions


58/102


HSPA Predictions: 2) Set DL Power Cell Parameters 1/3

The cell parameters that impact the HSDPA predictions are:

Max Power, Pilot Power, SCH Power, other CCH, Total Power, Available HSDPAPower, DL HSUPA Power

Use the A9155 v6.6 Cell Inputs Calculatorcalculator to determine correct cell

inputs

Select the PA type, number of carriers, DL power loading, etc

MaxPower

PilotPower

SCHPower

otherCCH

TotalPower

AvailableHSDPAPower

DL HSUPAPower

45.2 dBm 35.2 dBm 23.2 dBm 34.9 dBm 45.2 dBm 41.2 dBm 0.0 dBm

33.3 W 3.3 W 0.2 W 3.1 W 33.3 W 13.3 W 0.0 W



59/102


Input Assumptions

PA Type MCPA 45W - 2100

Number of Carriers 1

Max PA Power 33.4 WHSDPA Yes

HSUPA Yes

DCH Power Loading 22%

HSDPA Power Loading 22%

Adjacent DCH Power Loading 100%

Adjacent HSDPA Power Loading 50%

DCH UL Cell Load 25%

HSUPA UL Cell Load 25%

Pilot % 10%

HSUPA CCH Overhead 5%

Total Overheads 20%P-SCH Pilot Delta -5.0 dB

P-SCH % Transmission Time 10%

S-CCH Pilot Delta -5.0 dB

S-CCH % Transmission Time 10%

Total CCH 6.7 W

P-SCH 1.1 W

S-CCH 1.1 W

UL Reuse Factor 1.8

HSPA Predictions: 2) Set Cell Parameters 2/3

DCH Power Loading

% of the available traffic channel power

DCH Power Loading + HSDPA Power Loading


60/102


HSPA Predictions: 2) Set UL Cell Parameters 3/3

The cell parameters that impact the HSUPA predictions are:

Max UL Load Factor, UL Load Factor, UL Load Factor Due to HSUPA, ULReuse Factor

Use the A9155 v6.6 Cell Inputs Calculatorcalculator to determine correctcell inputs:

Define UL Cell Load due to DCH traffic ULCell Load

Enter the ULCell Load due to HSUPA traffic

Define the MaxUL Cell Load>= DCH + HSUPA

The recommended UL Reuse Factor is 1.8

Max ULLoad Factor

UL LoadFactor

UL LoadFactor Dueto HSUPA

UL ReuseFactor

50% 50% 0% 1.8

Total UL Cell Load 50%

HSUPA UL Cell Load Fraction 25%



61/102


HSPA Predictions: 3) Set Reception Equipment Parameters: HSDPA

Default CQI tablesfor each mobilitymodel already updated in the latestRNP template, according to 9155v6.6 HSDPA Inputs.xls

Note: The HSDPA Quality Graphsshould notbe defined

http://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/5F89AF30AAF82F9BC12573560019A891/?OpenDocument


62/102


HSPA Predictions: 3) Set Reception Equipment Parameters: HSUPA

Default Bearer to Ec/Nt mappingsfor each mobility model alreadyupdated in the latest RNPtemplate, according to 9155 v6.6HSUPA Inputs v3.xls

Note: The HSUPA Quality Graphsshould notbe defined

http://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocumenthttp://aww.quickplace.alcatel.com/QuickPlace/pmd/PageLibraryC1256FD9005734BD.nsf/h_Index/126A0F0D1B689F32C12573560019D008/?OpenDocument


63/102


HSPA Predictions: 4) Set Terminal Characteristics

Select the reception equipment for which the HSPA parameters have been

defined

Enable HSDPA and/or HSUPA and define UE categories



64/102


HSPA Predictions: 5) Define Mobility Parameters

The new parameter for HSDPA is the HS-SCCH Ec/Nt target:

This is used by A9155 to define the power used for the HS-SCCH based on the

radio conditions;

This power is deduced from the HSDPA power specified in the

Transmitters/Cells table.

The HS-SCCH Ec/Nt target value recommended is -13dB based on the Alcatel-Lucent calculation method.



65/102


HSPA Predictions: 6) Define Service Parameters

Select HSDPA and/or HSUPA for the desired HSPA services:


66/102



67/102


HSPA Predictions: 8) Create Prediction: HSUPA

Select RLC Peak Rates (kbps)

Note: Do not select shadowing

Select indoor losses if considering noiselimited coverage

Selecting Single User assumes that a singleuser takes the entire UL HSUPA cell load limit

Selecting Shared means that the HSUPA cellload limit is shared amongst the number of

user defined for HSUPA in the cell propertiessheet Number of HSUPA Users

Predictions


68/102


HSDPA: Example

HSDPA Study

Predictions


69/102


>> Chapter Analysis

Discussions

1) Review of coverage predictions before/after optimization and check against KPI

requirements. Check if initial requirements are met - continuous coverage for CS64

service.

2) Observe service areas for different services

3) Check if 300 Kbps at cell edge can be obtained with HSDPA.


70/102


Simulations

7

Si l i


71/102


Simulations

The objectives of this chapter are to

1) Create traffic maps for A9155 for different conditions

2) Run network simulations to show network loading & potential hotspots

3) Discuss problems that might appear in the network and ways to correct

them

4) Run predictions with simulation loading


72/102

Simulation inputs

T ffi di ib i


73/102


Traffic distribution

Most critical input into RNP simulations.

Significant impact on the design, dimensioning and performance of the

network.

More effort at this stage will provide a much more convincing end result:

Added value to the customer

Greater confidence in Alcatel-Lucentsdesign

There are various anticipated levels of traffic distribution information:

No Information

Limited Information

Full Information

Greenfield operator (no existing network data) or substantialtime constraints projects.

Necessary to formulate a traffic map (on a morphology basis).

Most common scenario where there is incomplete sources ofinformation.

Sufficient information to generate detailed traffic polygonsbased on historical network data

Traffic maps can be provided by the customer.

Simulation inputs

T ffi di t ib ti i f ti


74/102


Traffic distribution: no information

Import a UMTS Environment Traffic Map from an External Clutter Map File:

Consists of importing a Clutter Class map as a Traffic map

User densities and user types can be assigned to each clutter class.

Methodology:

Import the clutter map as a

traffic map, by selecting trafficas import type. Check Embed.

Importing a traffic map in such a

manner will divide the geographic

map in many clutter classes.

Associate a specific environmentwith each clutter class.

Define each clutter class

weighting for each environment.

Simulation inputs



75/102



Associate Environments with Clutter Classes:

Open the Trafficfolder in the Geotab.

Right click on the environment map folder, then click

on properties.

Associate an environment with each clutter class

Possible to assign colors to each clutter class

Several predefined default environments available (canbe modified).

Characterized by a user profile and a user density.

Can be added at the usersdiscretion.

Standard deviations and heights can be defined for each

clutter class:

In Geotab, double click on ClutterClasses,Description

Tab.

Warning! If a 50% Reliability Level is set, the

shadowing margin will always be 0 independent of what

these standard deviations are set to.

Simulation inputs



76/102



Defining the Environments

Data Tab > UMTS parameters > Environments.

Double clicking on Environments opens a new

window containing all the defined environments.

Viewing, Modifying and Adding Environments

View or modify the environment: double click on the arrowor on the environment name.

Add an environment: enter a name in the first free line,then click Apply.

Environments Input Parameters

User Type (different user types can coexist in a sameenvironment, with the same or different densities)

User Mobility

User Density (users/km2)

Clutter based traffic map: clutter weighting table isavailable in the environment properties window.

Simulation inputs



77/102



Weighting Clutter Classes in an environment

Different clutter classes can be associated with same environment types.

A weighting can be assigned to each clutter class even if they have been associated withthe same environment type.

The clutter class weighting is the proportion of the environment user density associatedwith the clutter class relative to other clutter classes associated with the same environmenttype.

Example:

Number of users:

Rural environment = (20+5)*200 = 5000 users.

Village clutter = 5000*(10*20)/(10*20+5*5) = 4444 users -> 222 users/km2

Park clutter = 5000*(5*5)/(10*20+5*5) = 555 users -> 111 users/km2

Warning!Clutter class not associated with an environment: clutter weighting in this

environment must be set to 0.

clutter class environment density (users/km2) weight area (km2)

village rural 200 10 20

park rural 200 5 5

Simulation inputs

Traffic distribution: limited information


78/102


Traffic distribution: limited information

Insufficient information to generate a detailed traffic map without making unreasonableassumptions;

Only disparate pieces of information in relation to the traffic distribution.

Not possible to generate a detailed traffic.

The available information can be used to generate a traffic map that provides more

value than using the 1stapproach.

Lots of possible scenarios: no fixed approach recommended.

Possible sources of information and corresponding traffic map solutions:

Population Distribution Information

Population distribution information may be available (in Landscan for example).

Traffic maps based on user profiles with different user densities for different areas can be used to account for thepopulation density data.

3G Traffic Distribution

2G operator having a well defined UMTS deployment plan with a traffic distribution for their proposed UMTS sitesbased on information from their 2G network.

Full information about the 2G network configuration may be unavailable making generation of a traffic map based on2G traffic impossible, but it is possible to generate a traffic map 'Based on Transmitters and Service'.

The operatorstraffic information can be applied to this traffic map on a per cell basis.

Drawback: when new sites are added, the traffic has to be redistributed.

Simulation inputs

Traffic information


79/102


Traffic information

Environments

User Profiles

DU

Business user

Business User

Vehic-A: 3 km/h

450

Service

Terminal

calls/h

duration(s)

UL Vol (kB)

DL Vol (kB)

Standard User

Vehic-A: 3 km/h

800

PS128

DCH UE

0.1

100

400

HSDPA USER

Vehic-A: 3 km/h

30

PS384

DCH UE

0.2

50

150

U Speech 12.2 DCH UE 0.2 240

Business User

Vehic-A: 3 km/h

400

CS64

DCH UE

0.01

600

Standard User

Vehic-A: 3 km/h

400

HSPA

HSPA UE

0.1

100

100

800

HSDPA USER

Vehic-A: 3 km/h

30

Standard User

SU CS64 DCH UE 0.1 100 800

Standard User

Vehic-A: 3 km/h

250

PS384

DCH UE

0.2

50

100

HSDPA USER

Vehic-A: 3 km/h

130

Speech 12.2

DCH UE

0.2

240

RU HSDPA USER

Standard User

Vehic-A: 50 km/h

100

HSPA

HSPA UE

0.1

100

600

1,500

HSDPA USER

Vehic-A: 50 km/h

30

Simulation inputs

Traffic distribution: Full information


80/102



Ideal scenario, typically associated with incumbent 2G operators.

The following information is commonly available:

Existing 2G site configuration details, location, azimuths, EiRPs.

Historical 2G traffic statistics on a per sector basis.

When such information is not available directly from the customer it may bepossible to derive such information through local knowledge/experience

(example: other Alcatel-Lucentscustomers in the same market).

Steps associated with the generation and configuration of the traffic map:

Generate 2G Best Server Predictions

Import a Vector Based User Profile Traffic Map

Associate User Profiles, Mobilityswith Traffic Map Polygons

Traffic Map Clutter Weightings

Simulation inputs



81/102



Import a Vector Based User Profile Traffic Map

Geo tab > Traffic folder > New map> Map based on user profiles (vectors) > Import a File.

Select OKfor the properties dialog that appears.

Right click the new traffic map generated and select Properties.

Table tab: add three new columns (User_profile, Mobility and Density) and select Apply.

Traffic Tab: Link the Traffic fields, User Profile, Mobility and Density by selecting defined

byfieldand then select the new columns generated in the traffic map table.

Enter the clutter weightings for the different clutter classes.


82/102


83/102

Simulation inputs

Traffic forecast


84/102


Traffic forecast

When formulating the service profile, the network can be dimensioned for peak traffic or

for average traffic.

Approach usually applied in Airmust is dimensioning for the peak traffic.

BHCAs combined with volume/call and call duration are by definition averages of the

offered traffic across the busy hour.

A9155 uses this service profile to randomly generate a number of users for any instant in

time during a simulation that corresponds to the average traffic volumes.

In A9155 there is no direct means for simulating the network performance for the peak

traffic associated with a defined service profile

In order to emulate a traffic load equivalent to Airmust ( peak traffic), the trafficintensities need to be modified:

Apply peak to average ratios to the BHCAs depending on the service type:

RT circuit switched services a factor of 1.1

NRT packet data services a factor of 1.3

Simulation inputs

Traffic forecast


85/102


Traffic forecast

Ideally the service profiles will be broken down for different types of users/market

segments.

Such user profiles are required as inputs for each of the approaches for generating

traffic maps:

No Information traffic map approach: one or more user profiles for different types of users mustbe defined for each environment.

Limited Information: depends on the information available and the traffic map approach selected.

Full Information traffic map approach: a user profile must be defined in the traffic map table for

each 2G best server polygon. Note that only one user profile can be associated with each polygon.

Simulation Methodology

Project configuration


86/102



Shadowing

A model standard deviation has to be defined in the clutter class properties, so that

shadowing margins can be computed in simulations.

Each user is assigned a service, mobility type and activity status, a geographic position

and a shadowing value in Monte Carlo Simulation

The shadowing experienced by signals being receivedfrom multiple sites is assumed to be correlated with a

correlation of 0.5.

Note: it is necessary to define shadowing values foreach clutter type in the clutter properties window(Geo > Clutter > Properties).




87/102

All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2008, 2009


Penetration losses

Penetration losses should be specified on the clutter classes tab.

Then, when creating each type of traffic map, be sure to consider the

appropriate % of users in indoor condition.


Running simulations


88/102


Running simulations

Setting up a new simulation (UMTS Simulation > new)

General Tab

Name the group of simulations to be computed. Number of simulations: min of 25 recommended to ensure statistically significant

results.

Cell load Constraints:

Number of channel elements do not check

Number of codes do not check

Max uplink load factor: the default value is set to 75%

Max downlink load: the default value is set to 100%

Source Traffic tab

Global scaling factor: enables to increase subscriber density without changing trafficparameters or cartography.

Select the traffic maps to be used this can be for several traffic maps (A9155 takesinto account the traffic information provided in all the selected maps).

Note: Do not mix several kinds of traffic maps!

Advanced tab

Generator initialization: enables to obtain the same random distribution in twosimulations by giving the same non-zero integer in this field.

The default value of zero is recommended to ensure random initializations of thesimulations.

Convergence: for very large simulation with a large amount of traffic, may benecessary to limit the maximum iterations and convergence criteria (the default valuesare recommended).


Running simulations


89/102


Running simulations

Calibration of the offered traffic

When undertaking simulations, usually the actual offered traffic is less than the amount

defined by the traffic maps and usage profiles.

Such discrepancies are dependent on the type of traffic map being used.

Procedure to ensure that the actual offered traffic is equal to the desired traffic:

UL and DL offered throughputs should be checked against the amount of traffic that should be

offered

The correct amount of offered traffic will depend of the number of UMTS subscribers in thecomputation zone and the user profile (traffic volume per user).

An iterative process is required to ensure that the offered traffic is correct. The offered traffic can

be easily varied by modifying the scaling factor shown in the source traffic tab:

After running a simulation use the following equation to determine if SCnewis different to SCold

If different then the simulation should be re-run using SCnew

Repeat until the two values converged.

Note:This process must be re-run/checked whenever there are significant changes to the networkconfiguration.

SCnew= SColdx Ttarget+ Tactual

2x Tactual

SCnew= optimised traffic map scaling factor

SCold= traffic map scaling factor from the current simulation

Ttarget= the correct offered throughputTactual= the correct offered throughput

Simulation Outputs

Average tab network loading


90/102


g g

Committing the UL and DL loadings on a per sector basis and/or running predictions

based on a set of simulations results in prediction outputs that are potentially more

realistic than those generated using uniform loading assumptions.

Ec/Io and Effective Service Area plots benefit the most from simulation inputs (most influenced

by traffic distribution and network loading).

Methodology:

Simulation group > Average simulation > Cells (Average)

Commit results to the cells table once they are verfied

i.e cells now contain actual loading, not fixed

Customer Outputs:

Predictions based on a more realistic traffic distribution and load: more realistic prediction plots

(such as Ec/Io and service coverage) can be shown to the customer.

Note: CPICH RSCP plot is not influenced by committed traffic loads from load distributionsimulation studies, so theresno need to re-run it.

Simulation Outputs

Relevant outputs


91/102


p

Through graphical means:

Call Connections and Failures Plot: plot of all mobiles involved in the simulation, showing successful calls, inactive callsand call failures.

Immediate indication of locations suffering performance problems, allowing implementation of network enhancements.

Prime importance when running detailed simulation studies, not relevant when considering load distribution studies.

Simulation group > Average simulation:

Statistics Tab: summary of the offered traffic and call failures on a per service basis.

Important indicator of the relative changes in the overall network performance (before and after implementingchanges).

Only relevant when undertaking detailed simulation studies.

Average Tab: site by site summary of site loading (UL & DL), handoff statistics, call failures mechanisms, etc.

UL & DL site loading is the most relevant output, specifically when undertaking load distribution simulation studies.

UL & DL site loading provide an essential input for increasing the accuracy of prediction based RNP studies.

Standard Deviations Tab: the standard deviation of the average outputs sheet

Comparison of the values in the standard deviations sheet with those in the average sheet provides an indication of the

statistical validity of the simulation results (indication of whether sufficient simulations have been run).

Individual simulation > Properties:

Sites: Summary of the CE utilization per site and service throughputs on a per service basis (limited value for ND).

Mobiles: detailed information of each mobile shown in the call connections and failures plot (limited value for ND).

Initial Conditions: summary of the parameters used in the simulation.

Simulation Outputs

Call Failure Mechanisms


92/102


The most valuable output obtained from network simulations.

Not generally relevant or considered when undertaking load distribution studies.

Key benefits from analyzing the call failure mechanisms:

Call Connections and Failures Plot: indicative of problematic areas within the network, can be

used to modify/supplement the network design in a particular location.

Example: areas with traffic loadings much higher than assumed in the original link budget

capacity analysis based network design will be highlighted in the simulation results with higher

call failures. The types of call failures are indicative of different design inadequacies which can be addressed

with the appropriate solutions.

Statistics Tab Statistical Analysis: From a statistical perspective, the overall failure rates provide

an indication of network quality on a per service basis (analogous to the area reliability that can

be derived from coverage predictions).


93/102

Simulation Outputs

Call Failure Mechanisms and causes


94/102


Due to signal quality:

Ec/Io < (Ec/Io)min: On the downlink, not enough pilot signal quality.

Ptch > PtchMax: On the downlink, the required traffic channel power exceeds thedefined maximum traffic channel power.

Pmob > PmobMax: On the uplink, there is insufficient mobile transmit power tosatisfy the uplink receive Eb/No.

When the signal quality is acceptable, the network may be saturated:

Load Saturation: The maximum load factor is exceeded (at admission or congestion).

Channel Elements Saturation: The required channel elements exceeds the numberdefined for the site.

Cell Power Saturation: On the downlink, the total required downlink power exceedsthe available total downlink power for the cell.

Code Saturation: The required number of OVSF codes exceeds the available codes.

Multiple Causes: When the network is saturated; mobile ejection may be due todifferent reasons described above.

Simulation Outputs



95/102


Statistics tab statistical analysis

The statistics of the call failure mechanisms provide an indication of networkquality on a per service basis (analogous to the area reliability derived from

coverage predictions).

Such statistics are typically used in conjunction with hotspot analysis.

Methodology:

Simulation group > Average simulation >statistics tab

Two sections:

Request Section: summarizes the statistics ofthe offered traffic

Results Section: a statistical summary of thesimulation results (in terms of the number ofcarried calls, throughput and failuremechanisms)

Simulation Outputs



96/102


Statistics tab statistical analysis

Customer Outputs

Call failure mechanism statistics are a good indicator of the network quality on a per service basis

(analogous to the area reliability that derived from coverage predictions), but cautionis required

when presenting this information to the customer.

The main value to be obtained from the simulation results is to show to the customer a measure

of the relative network performance before and after a change in traffic or network

configuration.

The overall rejection statistics are ok to show to a customer provided the traffic volumes have

been specified in line with the Airmust peak traffic dimensioning methodology.

Care is required if these figures are widely divergent from the prediction results

Warning:

Do not commiton these, or any other simulation results

Service specific rejection statistics must be treated with care, to ensure that they are statistically

significant (particularly for services with low numbers of users).

Simulations

>> Chapter Analysis


97/102


Discussion:

- Check the areas with rejected mobiles and discuss what might be the problems.

- Discuss about ways to optimize the network (increase power, add one carrier, add

another site )

Once Simulations are understood and convergence met, the results can be committedand predictions re-run

Simulation Outputs

Average tab network loading


98/102


Committing the UL and DL loadings on a per sector basis and/or running predictions

based on a set of simulations results in prediction outputs that are potentially more

realistic than those generated using uniform loading assumptions.

Ec/Io and Effective Service Area plots benefit the most from simulation inputs (most influenced

by traffic distribution and network loading).

Methodology:

Simulation group > Average simulation > Cells (Average)

Commit results to the cells table once they are verfied

i.e cells now contain actual loading, not fixed

Customer Outputs:

Predictions based on a more realistic traffic distribution and load: more realistic prediction plots

(such as Ec/Io and service coverage) can be shown to the customer.

Note: CPICH RSCP plot is not influenced by committed traffic loads from load distributionsimulation studies, so theresno need to re-run it.

Simulation Outputs

Predictions with Simulation Loading Conditions


99/102


Choose in the Condition tab of the desired prediction the simulation for

which we have the results committed :

Compare the predicted results for a fixed cell loading approach with the

results obtained with the loading conditions from simulation.

Fixed Load Simulation Load

Simulation Outputs

Predictions with Simulation Loading Conditions


100/102


Use the comparison functionality to directly see the difference

This feature only compares covered pixels not level difference.

Simulations

>> Chapter Analysis


101/102


Questions or discussion

- There are more ways to create traffic maps (raster based or vector based)

- Run simulations and observe spots with problems

- Discuss methods to solve the problems

- Commit on loading results and run predictions based on new cell loads

Prediction difference based on simulation loading


102/102

www.alcatel-lucent.comwww.alcatel-lucent.com

Date post:	02-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	fouzan-saeed
View:	216 times
Download:	0 times

3 - RNP_Exercise_ed4 - Released

Documents