APPENDIX I A NOTE ON THE ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONING OF THE SECRETARIAT OF THE GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA. The Secretariat of the Government of Maharashtra. officially known as the Mantralaya, is the administra- t i ve nerve centre of the Government of Maharashtra.· Its administrative set-up is similar to that of Secretariats of other States in India. It contains the offices of the ministers of the State Government, the Secretaries to the State, who head the varied Departments and occupy the senior_most position in the Public Services, and the staff of the State departments. Important decisions regarding the State are taken in these offices and ,implementation is also supervised from here. FOr administrative purposes, the Secretariat office is divided into sixteen departments as follows : (1) General Administration (GAD), (2) Home, (3) Finance, • (4) Revenue and Forests, (5) Agriculture and.Cooperatives, • Supplies, ,(8) Urban Development and Publlic He'alth, (9) Rural (10) Public Works and Housing, (11) Plaml::iing, (12) Irrigati?n, (13) Law and Judiciary, (14) IndUstries, Energy and Labour, (15) Social Welfare, Cultural sports and Tourism, and (16) Legislative Affairs.
Transcript
APPENDIX I
A NOTE ON THE ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONING OF THE SECRETARIAT OF THE GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA.
The Secretariat of the Government of Maharashtra.
officially known as the Mantralaya, is the administra-
t i ve nerve centre of the Government of Maharashtra.· Its
administrative set-up is similar to that of Secretariats
of other States in India. It contains the offices of
the ministers of the State Government, the Secretaries
to the State, who head the varied Departments and occupy
the senior_most position in the Public Services, and the
staff of the State departments. Important decisions
regarding the State are taken in these offices and thei~
,implementation is also supervised from here.
FOr administrative purposes, the Secretariat
office is divided into sixteen departments as follows :
(1) General Administration (GAD), (2) Home, (3) Finance, •
(4) Revenue and Forests, (5) Agriculture and.Cooperatives,
• Supplies, ,(8) Urban Development and Publlic He'alth, (9)
Rural Dev~lopment, (10) Public Works and Housing,
(11) Plaml::iing, (12) Irrigati?n, (13) Law and Judiciary,
(14) IndUstries, Energy and Labour, (15) Social Welfare,
Cultural ~ffairs, sports and Tourism, and (16) Legislative
Affairs. ~
11
Each department is headed by a Secretary aad all
departments come under the authority of the Chief
Secretary. The General Administration Department
attenas to matters related to the Chief Minister and
his cabinet, in addition to general administrative
matters; the Home department attends to matters
concerning the Security of the State, including the
Police and to the Security of the Secretariat. The
Public Works and Housing Department attends to matters
related to housing and public works of the State, as
well as the maintenance of the Secretariat offices • •
The Legislative Affairs Department is cOncerned with
matters related to the legislature, and is particularly , ".
active when the assembly i~ ipsession whether it be •
in Bombay or Nagpur. The entire staff of the depart
ment shifts to Nagpur during the period that the • •
assembly is in session in that city. ,The nomenclatures
of the other departments are self-explanatory, in terms
of the functions of these departments. A discussion , .
with officials at the Secretariat reveals that the GAD,
Kome and Finan~e ,departments are considered the most
• importcmt departments in the- Secretariat •
• To facilitate administration, during the last
iii
few years, each of the Mamtralaya's departments has
been subdivided inta branches referred to as 'desks'.
Each 'desk' is headed by a Desk Officer or a Superin
tendent, under whom are placed one 'or two Assistants,
some Clerks, Typists and/or Steno-typists and ~eons,
who belong to the service staff in Class IV. Each
desk is assigned a function or a few cases, to which
the employees attend as a team.
The Secretariat is only one among the several
employing agencies of the State Government. In a
sense, however, it is typical of ~overnment agencies.
As mentioned earlier, jobs in the government in the
country are categorized hierarchically into four
classes or cadres. These are depicted in Figure A.
Recruitment into each class of employment is
determined by a variety of factors. Appointments into
Class I are either via promotions after passing the
Maharashtra Public Service Commission's (MPSC) examina-
tions or via the Indian Administrative Service (tAS)
examinations. promotions to posts in Clijss II depend
upon seniority and on passing the examinations held at
the Secretariat for staff of all the departments.
Assistants from Class III may appear for these examina-
• tions after three years of service and before they , complete seven years of service. Direct recruitment
•
iv
into p~sitions in Class II are rare, and done by the
M.P.S.C. alone.
The M.P.S.C. also oonduots regular examinations
for recruitment or promotion to posts in Class ,III. A
merit list is prepared and ap~Qintments are =ade wherevel
and whenever there is a vaoancy. In addition, depart
mental examinations are also held for promotions within
Class III, e.g. from clerk to Assistant or lower grade
stenographer to upper grade stenographer. Post
recruitment training is given after six months of
appointment. Once apPOinted in Class III, the departmen1
to which one is assigned is usually not changed, unlike
in the case of Class I.
At all three levels of work, the ratio between
direct recrnitment and internal promotions is fixed.
However, 15 per cent of all posts are reserved for
Scheduled Castes and 7 1/2 per cent for Scheduled Tribes.
Upward mobility from one Class to another is largely
determined by seniority, though departmental examina
tions, confidential reports, evaluation by seniors and
service records do oount to an extent. All of these
.~---------------- I . /Joint Secretary/ ==c=c======~===~
~puty secretary/ ~=~==~====1======
~der- Secretaryl ==~=======]======
/Ass!stant Secretary! I fSection Officer! ====~===~~==I======= ----------------
~~~~~-QEE!~~E7 / i~~~~E!~~~~~~~!!
/stenographer- ! ISelection Gradel I
Ip.A.to Secretat'y/ --f ----n
ISte~o-tiP1St7 /Steno~~ fRead
/L.Grade /
/pe!jjJ ..... Class I
~ Class II Class III -
I I Class 1'/
~gure A I Organizational Chart of the M~alaya .. D :: Department.
vi
A special branch viz. Organisation and Methods
is in charge of arranging the departmental examinations.
Training classes for those eligible and interested in
appearing for these examinations are held o~ the
premises during office-time. If necessary, employees
are permitted to attend classes held elsewhere, e.g.
in stenography, and a section of their fees are paid
by the government.
Leave-vacancy posts in Class I or II are filled,
by the temporary promotion of an employee who is due
for a promotion. Such a candidate is later reverted
to the old position and stands a good chance of being
promoted permanently, as and when there is a permanent
vacancy. On the other hand, leave-vacancy posts in
Class III are filled by the Employment Exchange.
Temporary posts are usually filled in directly by the
Establishment section of each department.*
* The researcher wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Mrs. P.R. Padatey of the Election Branch of the G.A.D., Mrs. L.A. Kulkarni of the Establishment section of the G.A.D. and Mrs. Gopujkar of the G.A.D. Department in the collection of this information. The onus of any miSinterpretation or misrepresentation of the rules is entirely on the researcher.
To
Sir,
APPENDIX II
A. COpy OF THE OFFICIAL PERMISSION TO CONDUCT , , .' THE RESEARCH'
NO.REC-1079/XXA, General Adminis·tration
Department, Mantralaya, Bonbay 400Cl32, Daten the 5th 0anuary 197'
The Registrar .. Tato Institute of Social Sciences, Sioo-Trombay Road, Deonar, BomJ)ay-400088
Subject :- Research proposed to conducted by Smt. Purnima N. Mane regarding work and home lives of Women employed in the Mantralaya Departments
I am directed to refer to your letter No.Admn/lOO/
83·99/78, dated the 3rd January 1979, on the above subject
and to state that Smt. Purnima N. :~ane is hereby permitted
to collect the information regarding employment of male aDd
female employees in the Mantralaya Departments and to
conduct intervie~s in connection with her research study.
Yours faithfully,
Sd/-
Assistant Secretary to Government.
contd.
'(viiI)
No.REC-1079/XXA, General Administration
Department, Hantralaya, Bombay-400032, Dated the 5th January 1979
Copy fonvarded to all Departments of Hantralaya 'Ilitl~
a request to assist Smt. Hane in her study.
Sd/-
Assistant Secretary to Government.
"
APPENDIX I II
List ·of" Ma1Gr pests in the· Secretariat by Class of ser~e (I:1II).
Class I
Chief Secretary
Special Secretary
Secretary
Additional Secretary
Joint Secretary
Deputy Secretary
Under Secretary
Assistant Secretary
Chief Engineer
Class III
Class II Section Officer
Desk Officer
Superintendent
State Planning Officer
Staff Officer
Accommodation Officer
Research Officer
P.A. to Minister
Deputy Engineer
Stenographer Selection Grade
Bill Accountant Auditor
Cash Accountant Compiler
Assistant Head Draftsman
Research Assistant Draftsman
Technical Assistant Asst. Draftsman
Library Asst./Asst.Librarian ~printer
cashier Tracer
Librarian Overseer
Clerk In-charge of Registry
Senior Clerk In-charge of Stores
£lass III (Contd.)
Junior Clerk
Clerk-Typist
Clerk-Steno
Stene-Typist
Stenographer Lower Grade
stenographer Higher Grade
Head Typist
Typist
P.A. to secretary
(x)
Auditor-Clerk/Typist
Frelper
Dispatcher
Searcher cum Movement Keeper
Jr. Engineer
Driver
APPENDIX IV
Classificatio~f Castes 'by Sub-cas~
(Those found in Survey)
I Advanced Castes (Educationally and traditionally)
1. All Brahmins (Deshastha, Kokanastha,'Yajurvedi, Karhade, Saraswat, Iyer, pushkarna, Deorukhe, Smartha, Havika, etc.)
2. C.K.P. (Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu).
3. Pathare Prabhu.
4. S.K.P. (Somavanshiya Kayastha Prabhu).
II Interm~diate Castes (Land-owning and trading)
1 .• Maratl;la
2. Vaishya
3. Guj ar
4. Leva Patil/patidar
5. Marwari
6. Bhatiya
7. Vaishya Vani/Kudale
B. Vyasya
9. Lohana
lO.Baniya
11.Rajput
12.AII Kshatriyas
III
xii
~r Backward Classes (Agricultural and Artisans)
1. Sonar 24. Mangela/Mangela Koli ,
2. Db-angar 25.Saga'f 0,
3. Mali 26. V Eshana
4. Nhavi 27. Agari
5. Koshti 28. Beldar
6. Gavali 29. Perki
7. Teli 30. Mondha
8. Swakllli-Sali 31. Takari
9. Kulwadi 32. Billawa
lO.Bhandari 33. Kunbi/T illollri Kunbi
11.Sutar 34. Kalan
12.Vaiti 35. Kaikadi
13.Lohar 36. Ramoshi
14.Kumbhar 37. Vestar
15.Jangam ,38. Gosawi
16.Kasar 39. Bawa
17.Banjara/Vanfari 40. Bairagi
18.Koli/Suryavanshi Koli 41. Balla
19.5angar
20.Shimpi
21.parit
22.Namdeo Shimpi
23.Bhavsar
42. Kudmllde Joshi
43. Nathjogi
xiii
IV .§£hedttled Castes
1. Mahar 6. Dhor
2. Mang 7. Kaikkaiya (Gehar)
3. Matang 8. Holar
4. "'
Chambhar/Mochi 9. Meghwal
5. Mahyavanshi/Vankar lO.AII Neo-Bttddhists
1. BhU ,
2. Koli, Mahadev/Dongar Koli/Tokre Koli
3. Halba
4. Mannarewarlu
5. Kashi Kapdi
6. Raj Gond
7. Bhoi
APPENDIX V
£lassificat12n_2f-2££E~tions into Presti~_Categories.
EE~tige~~~egory I
Company Director
Doctor
Ambassador
Architect
Diplomat
Director
Engineer
Fact0ry Manage r
Governor
Judge
EEestige Category II
Business Executive
Chartered Accountant
Government Official
Lawyer
Priest
Works Manager
Artist
Audit0r
Magistrate
Managing Director
Mayor
Military Officer
Minister
Naval Officer
Pilot Officer
secretary
Scientist
Author
Editor
Factory Manager
Journalist
Owner of Large Shopping Establishment
Professor
Writer
fL~ige Category-III
Insurance Agent
Newspaper Reporter
Owner Cultivator
Primary school Teacher
Sales Representative
Actor
Air Hostess
xv
Block Development Officer
Building Contractor
High School Teacher
Import-Export Trader
Inspector (Sales Tax)
EE~~ Catego£L1Y
Hotel Keeper
Labour Contractor
Office Clerk
Police Constable
Shop Assistant
Stationery Dealer
Astrologer
Book Seller
Broker
Cashier
Interior Decorator
Interpreter
Matron
Military Jawan
Musician
Owner of Provision Store
Overseer
Publisher
Radio.Announcer
Social Worker
Station Master
Tehsildar
Foreman
Jobber
Laundry Manager
Money Lender
Nurse
Photographer
Postman
Proof Reader
Railway Guard
Receptionist
Chemist
Commission Agent
Compositor
Demonstrator
Electrician (Mechanic)
Prestige Category V
Bus Driver
Carpenter
Fitter
Mason
Taxi Driver
Auctioneer
Black-and Copper-Smith
Bus Conductor
Chauffeur
Driver
Dyer and Cloth painter
Embroidery Worker
Engine Driver
Engraver
Furniture Manufacturer
xvi
Speculator
stenographer
Surveyor
Telephone Operator
Typist
Goldsmith
Hardware Merchant
Machine Operator
Magician
Metal Worker
Midwife
Motor Repairer
Packer
Plumber
Printer
Sweet Meat Maker
Tailor
Tenant Cultivator
Watch Repairer
Pr~tige Category VI
Agricultural Labourer
Dock Worker
Mill Hand
Waiter
Basket Maker
Bicycle Repairer
Blacksmith
Boatman
Book Binder
Broom Maker
Cook
Cutlery & Toy Maker
Darner
Domestic Servant
Driller
Farm Labourer
Fire Fighter
Gardener
Hair Dresser
Labourer in a Mine
xvii
Lac Gatherer
Lift Operator
Milkman
Motor Cleaner
Mould~r
Peon
Pottel:'
Reelel:'
stableman
street Hawker
Tin Maker
Tonga Driver
Turnel:'
Vendol:' of Vegetables
Watchrnan
Weavet-
Welde:t
Well I)igger
Wood Cutter
Usher
xviii
Railway,Coolie Fisherman
Sweeper Grass ClIItter
Ayah Grinder
Baker Juggler
Barber Rickshaw Puller
Band Player Shoe Maker
Bidi Worker Shoe Shiner
Batcher Snake Charmer
Coolie Washerman
Cotton Carder White-Washer
Cowherd
Source I D'Souza, victor Social Structure of a £1:anned city: Chandiqarb Bombay: Orient Longmans Ltd., pp.379 - 383.
1961
Appendix VI
Tata Institute of Social Sciences Deonar, BOmbay-400 088
Questionnaire to be Filled in by the Employees of the Mantralaya
I am a Ph.D. Scholar, doing research at the
Tata Institute of Social Sciences. on "Employment at
~he Mantralaya." In this connection, I need some
simple information from you. I do hope that you will
co-operate with me by providing this information. I
assure you that this information will be treated as
strictly confidential and only for the purpose of
research.
Filling up this questionnaire is a very Simple
task. Some questions are put to you and the answers of
several of them have even been provided. All you have
to do Is tick ( ) the appropriate answer in the bracket
provided or fill out the answer in the space provided.
yOU do not have to write down your name, if you
do not wish to do so.
I request you to complete the questionnaire as
soon as possible and hand it in on to
Thanking you.
P •. N. Mane.
PLEASE ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
xx
Questionnaire to be fil.led in by the Employees of the ~antralaya
1. Full Name (not essential)
2. Sex s
3. Department :
4. Class of Work I
5. Designation I
6. Temporary or Permanent I
7. Marital Status I
. . s. Nnmber of Children
9. Education :
li'emale ( ) Male ( )
-:r ( ) II ( ) III (
--....
'l"emporary ( ) Permanent (
Unmarried ( ) Married (
tqidow/Widower ( )
Separated ( ) Divorced (
1JL'lmarried ( )
~arried but no children (
Iiave children - Boys
Girls
Total
titerate (
I?rimary school education (
~iddle/Secondary school ( ~ducation but not matri~ulation.
S.S.C./Matriculation (
Some college education, ( hut no degree
<;raduate (BA, BCom, BSc, ( BE etc.)
I?ost-graduate (MA, MCom, ( ~Sc, !-1E etc.)
Other degrees, diplomas ~rofessional qualifica'\::ion5 etc.
)
xxi
10~ If Class I, whether lAS or not
11. Religion
12. Caste and sUb-caste
13. Do you belong to the following sections?
Class r. lAS ( )
Class I, not lAS( )
Not Class I )
Hindu ( ) Jain
Muslim ( ) Buddhist
Christian ( ) Jew
Zorastrian ( ) Any other
Sikh )
: Sqheduleq Castes (SC)
(
(
(
Scheduled Tribes (ST) (
other Backward .Classes(OBC) (
Economically Backward Classes (EBC) (
None of the above (
14. Date of Birth
15. Age on 1-1-1979 I years (complet
16. please give the following information about those family members mentioned below.
(a) Education (please use classification of Q.9).
(b) Type of occupation : If in service, what kind ·of service (e.g. clerk, engineer, etc)? If selfemployed, in what field (e.g. cloth shop-owner, chemist, doctor, etc.)?
(c) Monthly income (approxim<:ite).
N.B. If any of these relatives are no longer alive, or are not economically active at present but were working in the past, please give particulars about their last occupation and completed education. ----
xxii
Family Member
X. EducationalXpreselltly~ XType of X Present Monthly X Qualifica- XEconomi- XpresentX Income/Monthly X tions Xcally active Xoccupa-X Income earned X Xor not I.YeS Xtion/ X last (approx.) X X2.No: 3. Nt:>tXLast X X Xalive. Xoccupa-X X ,.. X Xtion. X, ________ _
Husband/ Wife
Father
Mother
17 ~
18.
19.
20.
T.otal period (months/ years) of your service in Mantralaya.
Class of work of the first job held by you rn~ntralaya. .
Designation of the first post held by you In Mantralaya.
Nature of the first job held by you In Mantralaya.
I
> : Cla~s I ( ) II ( ) II! ( )
IV( )
: ~
Tem:t:>orary ( ) Permanel'lt ( )
21. When you first began working in the' Mantralaya, what were your educational qualiftcations?
Lit~rate ( )
Pri~ary school education ( )
Mid~le/Secondary school ( ) edu~ation but not matricullation/SSC
Mat~iculate/SSC ( )
Som~ college education () but no degree
Gra~uate (BA, BSc, BCom, BE) ( )
Post-graduation (MA, MSc, ( ) MCo~, ME).
'oth~r degrees, diplomas, pro~essional qualification if
APPENDIX VII
TA.TA. INSTITUTE OF SClCIA.t,· SCIENCES .. . . . DEONAR
• " BOMBAY - 400 088 •
INTERVIEW SCHEDULE
FO~ A STUDY OF WOMEN EMPLOYEES OF THE
MANTRALAYA
SchedUle Number .... I_ ..... /'----l.I_~/
I. IDENTIFYING INFORMATION:
1. Full Name: •
2. Department: •
,3. Class of Post: (i)I, (ii)II. (iii)III, (iv)IV.
4. If Class I. wliether (i) I.A.S.; (ii) Not LA.S. f , " 5. Designation:
, . II. DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIO;"'ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS:
(i,,) Se1f-choice, with consent of one set of parents
(v) Self-choice, with consent of both sets of parents
(vi) Self-choice, without consent of both sets of parents.
11. Whether pregnant at present: "
(i) Yes (ii) No (iii) Do not know
12. Number of living children:
(IF NO CHILDREN, SKIP TO QUESTION No.14)
13. Age and sex of living chilqren (Eldest to youngest): ..
"
•
•• ' . it
( • If
~t: ,
, -' , •
I , .! !1
14. Educational level at present:
.f.
.t
.'
.. {
•
15. Educational level when you began working at the Mantra1aya:
• • 16. (a) Religion:
(b) Caste
(c) Tribe
xxv
17. Do you belong to the: (i) Scheduled Castes,
(ii) Scheduled Tribes, (iii) other backward classes,
(iv) Nomadic tribes, (v) Denotified tribes,
(vi) None of the above~
18. Mother tongue:
19. From birth till the age of 10 years, where did you stay most of the time?
Name of Village/Town/City:
District
Stat e.
20. From the age of 11 years till. the age of 20 years, where did you stay most of the time?
Name of Village/Town/City:
District
State • •
21. Do .you staywithiJ?,' tne~limits of Greater Bombay at present? . . , (i) YeS
(IF NO, SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 24)
22. For h5w long have you been staying within the limits of Greater Bombay?
• • (i) Less than a year (vi) 13-15 years
(ii) 1-3 years
(iii) 4-6 years
(iv) 7-9 years
(v) 10-12 years
(vii) More than 15 years but not since birth
(viii) More than 15 years and since birth.
xxvi
23. Which is the closest suburban railway station to your house?
(SKIP TO QUESTION No.25)
24. If you are not staying within Greater Bombay limits, where do you stay?
Name of Village/Town/City:
District :
State :
25. What is your present place of residence? !
(i) with own family. SpeCify, e.g. with parents, husband, etc.
(ii) with relatives other than immediate family members
(iii), with family friends
(iv) In a hostel
(v) In an independent house/flat alone
(vi) As a paying.-guest
(vii) with friends in a shared accommodation
(viii) Any other" (Specify):
xxvii
26. What type of accommodation do you live in?
A B
(il Chawl (i)
(ii) Apartment house (ii)
(iii) Independent Bunglow (iii)
(iv) Any other (iv) (specify)
Rented: Officially allotted to husband
Rented: Officially allotted to self
Rented
Owned
(v) paying guest
(vi) Any other(specify)
27. How many brothers and sisters do you have?
Living: Brothers Sisters:"
Dead : Brothers Sisters:
28. What is your rank in bi~th order among them?
(i) Rank: (i'i) 1o..n only child:
(2) Family Characteristics:
29. Please provide the following inforrr.ation regarding persons who normally reside with you in your family.
---r--------------------------~-------------~----•• I.' I il , S. ,Spec~f~c , ,MaI:"i' . Educa .. Occu-., M.!.
S 1 I' t • No., Relationship, ex,ta • Age tion patio~ApDr. • t • to you . status' . • ---L-------.. ·----'---"!""---..... --+--~------~-----t--- ..... -
f. \
• , I. I
• t r ,
" I. , .f .f ,
t , r ., .' .' , I I. :' , ,.J .'
• I '.' . r I. It
xxviii
III.IN~ERGENERATIONAL MOBILITY:
•
Kindly provide the following information about the following family members (If they are retired or not alive, information about their life before retirement or prior to death should be recorded).
17. Own daughter-in-laJ I~ " 1 -----------------------------------------------
IV. WORK LIFE
(i) work History
31. Kindly give somedetails about the various jobs you have held since you began working, including the part-time, t.emporary jobS held, if any. within the Mantralaya, kindly give details of the different positions held over the years.
---------;....----.---------------.. --------------------------------t-------------------------------'~ No.' Place of work'Type of 'Nature • .. If 'Tota I' Salary 'Reas-" .. 1. Mantralaya' Employment ,. of Employ_ • Desig-' Mantralaya' yrs. 'last • ons
t 2. Not ,'I. Permanent'ment 'nation'Class of' of 'draWn 'for Mantralaya-'2. Temporary'l.Patt-time' 'post. 'ser- '(total)' leav-
.. , '0 '2.Full-time' "vice.' • ing. ,
,I .. I 1 [ {I , ---------+----'---------------"-------------------------------------------~------------ ... ------
t .' 1 . l ' ,1 t' .' Before Marriage ,,'
I
-'
I .
" I.' ['
, .. '. 0'
(
"f • , I
-' ! , , • i
~ , . • I (. 1. I I
---------oL----·'t--------------,·,------------,-----------r------.r----------.:r-----r-------r-----After r
32. Since you first 02gan wo.:-king, have t:here Leen any breaks in employment (exclude all leave, even when without pay).
(i) Yes (ii) No
(IF NO, SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 34)
33. Kindly give particulars of these breaks:
-------------.------------------------r-------, Period of Break 'Reasons .------------------------, f . From' To' or , 'Break ,Month' Year·' Month 'year,
-------------,----1.-----·1.-------,1.----T-------t _, _t ., First Break I , ,
_------------J..--------------------"-----J.-------I I • , I
49. (a) In your opinion, what are the three features of any job which make it a good job? Mark the feature that is most important according to you.
(b) In terms of your own job, which are the three most striking features? Now mark the most striking one.
-----------------------------------r-----------s. 'Important' Important No. Features'according'features of
'to you 'your job , r -----------------------------------------------
1. Interesting work
2. Security "
i Opportunity for initir ative and autonomy
" , 4. Opportunity for advan,
cement and promotions,' ,
5. GOod salary and bene-; . fits
6. Convenient location of work place
"
7. Fixed and convenient l' timing of work
8. Cohesive group of co-workers
, 9. An understanding boss
" 10. socially prestigious
r
work •
,
,
"
t
..
50. What are the major satisfactions that you derive from your work? (probe)
xxxvii
51. What are the major dissatisfactions related to your work? (Probe)
(6) Involvement in job:
52. Some people are -totally involved in their jobS in that they are absorbed in them night and day. To others, it is just one of the things they do or have to do. What would you say about yourself if you had to make an assessment of your own involvement?
(i) Highly involved
(ii) Fairly involved
(iii) Not particularly involved
(iv) Not at all involved
(v) Cannot say
53. How good would you say yourself that you are at your job?
(i) Very good
(ii) Good
(iii) Not good
(iv) Cannot say
54. If you overheard someone at work saying that you are not good at your job, how would you react?
A B
(1) Feel bad (i) Hurt
(ii) Feel quite bad (ii) Angry
(iii) Would not feel bad (iii) Sad
(iv) would be indifferent (iv) Indifferent
(FCR UNMARRIED, SKIP .TO QUESTION No. 56)
55.
xxxviii
(a) Were you working before marriage?
(i) Yes (ii) No
(b) IF YES, why did you decide to continue working after marriage?
Reasons: 1.
2.
(c) IF NO, why did you decide to work after marriage?
Reasons: 1.
2.
56 To what extent do the following family members approve of your working? (In the Case of dead relatives, ask the question in the past tense).
-------------~-----------------------~-----f-ar;c--' ~Appro-'Appro-'Do/did ,D~s- ,n ,an, S '/ I / I t .appro-,ffe-,not
• "~yes ' Yes no 'ves/' rent say No. ,Appro-' appro-' parti- " I, ,
d ' d ' 1 1 Id~s-. " ,ye ve to cu ar y approv -'some (approve I d' ,'extent"e " •
57. How keen are you yourself on working after marriage irrespective of external circumstance or people?
(i) Very' keen
(11) Keen
(iii) Not particularly keen
(iv) Not at all keen
(v) Not applicable as do not plan to get married.
(FCR NOT APPLICABLE, SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 59)
58. State with which of the following statements you agree.
I. For those who are very keen/keen on working:
1. I am keen on working after marriage and will work whatever the circumstances'may be.
2. I am keen on working after marriage but only if my husband permits.
3. I am keen on working after marriage but only if my in-laws permit.
II. For those who are not particularly keen on working:
4. I am not particularly keen on working after marriage and it makes no difference to me v/hether I work or not.
5. I am not particularly keen on working after marriage but I will work if my busband wants me to.
6. I am not particularly keen on working after marriage but I will work if my in-laws want me to.
xl:
III. For those who are not at all keen on working:
7. I am not at all keen on working after marriage and I will not work under any Circumstances.
8. I am not at all keen on working after marriage but I will work if my husband insists.
9. I am not at all keen on working after marriage but I will work if my in-laws insist.
IV. For all categories:
10. I cannot say for sure at this point.
59. If you were to get enough money to live as comfortably as you would like for the rest of your life, would you continue to vJOrk? (Probe)
(i) Yes: Reasons:
• (ii) No ReasonS:
(iii) cannot say: Reasons:
(7) Ambitions and Aspirations:
60. All of us have some ambitions about what we want to become. Before you began working, what did you aspire to become ego a doctor, a clerk, an engineer, an lAS officer, etc.?
61. All of us have some ambitions about our careers. To what position in the Mantralaya do you aspire?
(i) Position:
(ii) No aspiration, because:
(iii) cannot say'
(IF NO ASPIRATIONS OR CANNOT SAY, SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 64)
xli
62. Considering your situation and the opportunit:ie s available, do you feel you will be able to reach this position before you retire or leave the Mantralaya?
(i) Yes, the chances are very good
(ii) Yes, the chances are fairly good
(iii) No. the chances are fairly poor
(iv) No, there are no chances at all
(v) Cannot say
(IF YES AND CANNOT SAY, SKIP TO QUESTION NO.64)
63. Why do you think there are no chances/that the chances are fairly poor?
64.a) Have you ever appeared for an internal cc:mpetitive examination at the Mantralaya?
(i) Yes (ii) No
(IF NO, SKIP TO QUESTION NO.65)
b)If yes, please give details:
------------------------------------------------• • f' • f Post for which No.o t~mes Reasons or
Sr • , f . f ·'Examination appeared allure, i No., given 'before passing' any. ___ L _____________ ~_~ ___ ~ ___________ ~ ___________ _
I • , 1. ,
2. •
3. ' "
I
4. , I
(SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 66),
xlii
65. If you have never appeared for an internal competitive examination, why did you not do so?
(i) I do not care for a promotion as it will not make much difference to my emoluments.
(ii) I do not want a promotion because I do not want additional responsibility.
(iii) I would like to appear for such examinations, but do not have time to study.
(iv) I am not aware that such examinations are held.
(v) No such examinations .relevant to me have been held since I joined.
(vi) I am considering appearing in the near future.
(vii) I have not given it a thought.
(viii) I have not completed the necessary years of service to entitle me to appear for these examinations.
(ix) At my level, there are no competitive examinations.
{x) Any other (Specify):
(8) Discrimination at work:
66. It is sometimes observed that at vlOrk, men and women are treated differently. In your experience, how often do the following occur at your work-place?
xliii
------T---------------i-----~--------------------S " ' I Some- ' Not 'Can-• 'Statements Often t" 't II' t No. ,t ~me a a no
. .f' say , , , -----------------------------~--------------------.' t I.
1. Waten are permitted ' once in a while, to go home early/come' late to work, to a' greater extent ! than men. ,
2. Generally, simple.' and uncomplicated .' work is given to women to a larger .. extent than to men' ,
3. Generally, work " that involves .' touring or making " visits or going outside the office,' is assigned to men' rather than to women.
4. Women's applications for leave, are generally sanctioned more easily than men's.'
5. Women are generally assigned work that, involves ,,forking with women rather than with men.
i 6. Generally, men
rather than women , are given any work" that is to be done, after office hours,
" ..
.. ..
-' "
,
, . .'
xliv
~----------------------~------rs~;~=-';~t-'~~~=-• Statements $Often • times 'at 'not
No ' I • • all say . , . -----------------------~------------------------t . • f
7. Due to the belief that women are in_ efficient workers, , mistakes are point-, ed out unnecessa-rily in women's
. ' work more than in " men's. .' . ,
8. A task requiring I responsibility is , handed over to a , man rather than to a "-loman.
9. Male colleagucs/ bosses misbehave or attempt to do so with women.
!
.-10. An attitude pre- f
vails among male r
employees that sinc~ men face greater , economic pressures , to work than women., a woman should not .' take the job of a man.
11. Jealousy exists , about wanen's earn-' ings or promotion o¢ the part of male i employees.
12. A man rather than woman is accepted better as a colleague by men.
13. A man rather than a, woman is accepted better as a boss by men •
,f 14. Female bosses are ,
better to work , , with than male • • bosses as far as
I "
women e,mployees " are concerned. , ,
-67. The following complaints are often made against women employees:
(a) How often have you heard such compl2.ints in connection with your office?
(b) How far do you agree \'lith such complaints?
----------------------~------~---------------------------~-- .. -----------------------~ " A - Heard , B - Agreement
Sr.' No.
Complaint
1. Women employees put in less work than men.
2. Women employees chat a lot at work
3. Women employees do knitting, sewing or crocheting at work.
4. Women employees take a longer time off for lunch than men.
5. Women do work of an inferior quality than.men.
·~-----~------~------~-------.--------r------rl------~------Part- • i' I f
.' ,Some- r , r Entirely' ially, _,Often, times. Rarely', Never 'agree ,agree;' " • dis-
, Enti-. Canrely , not dis- • say.
, agree.. agree,
,
:' , I
, II , , I
• , .' I' , -, ,
t
I
.' " :0
, ,
• , ,
•• ,
I
, , ,
,
, r
:1
,
, ,
i
.1
•
• r
6. Women take leave more often than men. .----' ____ -" ____ .~-.-.---'--
7. vJomen come late/go home early more often than men.
, :'
,
xlvii
(9) Unionisation:
68. Are you a member of the union/association?
(i) Yes (ii) No
(IF NO SKIP TO QUESTION NO.82)
69. Have you ever' (a) run for. or (b) held an office or (c) do you pli'm to .rU!l, for an office?
, Run for : (i) Yes Office: I (ii)
Held : (i) Yes Office: ( ii)
Plan to (i) Yes Office: (ii) run for •
70. How often do you go to union/association meetings?
(i) Generally whenever they are held
(ii) occasionally
(iii) Rarely
(iv) Never
71. How often do you vote in union/association elections?
(i) Always
(ii) Occasionally
(iii) Rarely
(iv) Never
No
No
No
72. Would you like to be more active in the union/ association?
(i) Yes (ii) No
(IF NO, SKIP TO QUESTION No.74)
xlviii
73. -If yes, what factors have prevented you from being active?
(SOP TO QUESTION NO. 75)
74. If no, why do you not wish to be more active?
75. Would yoU like to see more women in leadership positions in the union/association.
(i) Yes (ii) No (iii) cannot say
(IF YES, SKIP TO QUESTION NO.77)
76. If no or cannot say, give reasons for your answer.
77. To what extent do you believe that your union! association is actively involved and interested in dealing with the problems of women employees?
(1) Adequately
(ii) To some extent
(iii) To a very limited extent
(iv) Not at all
(v) Cannot say.
78. To what extent do you believe that the union/ association should take interest in the problems of women employees?
(i) To a great extent
(ii) To some extent
(iii) To a very limited extent
(iv) Not at all
(v) Cannot say
xlix
79. What specific problems concerning women employees has the union or association taken up for action and concern in the past or at present?
80. What specific problems concerning women employees would you like the union/association to take up for action in the future
81. On the whole, how satisfied are you with your union/association?
(1) Satisfied
(ii) Somewhat satisfied
(iii) Nor particularly satisfied
(iv) DiSsatisfied e.
• (SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 83)
82. If you are not a member of the union/association, why are you not a member?
1
V. HOMELIF~
(1) Domestic Responsibilities:
83. A wcman carries several dcmestic responsibilities even when she is working. Some of these are listed below. Indicate as a routine, to what extent you carry these responsibilities. If you receive any help, specify the relationship of this person to you.
-----------------------r-------r--------,-------------'Tas~ 'Respon-, Respon- , Respo- : Not
Sr. Domestic No. Tasks
'ent~-' dent ,dent ,ndent, app-'rely 'shares ,does ,never lica-I done 'with ,rare ly ,does : ble. 'by 'another'i but ge- ,it at lres_ 'person nerally all: 'pon- Ispecify'done by 'Speci-'
c .• • , den t. 'name of another: fy , ,
..
.' person ,specify I name • ,name of , of
,person ,person, ,who ,who ,does it ,does
t I • J.,.
• C t ~'- • _________________ l-____ --t.. __________________________ .. ~_
1. cooking
2. washing clothes
• 3. Washing utensils
4. Sweeping and swabbing
5. Tidying up the house
6. Decorating the house I ,
7. Ironing
8. Shopping for I
essential items e. g. vegetables. ration, kerosene etc. •
0' t
,
, , ,
,
I
I
.1.
.. I
I
I'
" .,~ .
Ii
-----------------------------~------------------------------, , , ' R 'N t
----------------------,.-------,T-------r-----l-----1. Cooking I
,
2. Washing clothes f
3. washing utensils ,
4. Sweeping and , swabbin9.
5. Tidying up the , , , house
-, •
6. Decorating the , house .f I
f
7. Ironing , , 8. Shopping for r
essential items , , 9. Shopping for ,
sEecial items , 10. Doing household
re:eairs , 11. Doing outside ,
jobs
12. Taking Children r ,
to, and/or fro from school
13. Helping Children , with their studies' t
I
14. Storing water .' milk
r f .' 15. Fetching t
(For those who say 'Occasionally' or 'rarely' probe as to when he does these tasks e.g. when servant does not come, "hen wife is ill, when wife has some special work, etc.)
liii
85. State briefly which domestic tasks you do before coming to work and which you do after returning from work.
Before coming to work:
After returning from work:
86. During any normal working day roughly how many hours do you spend on fulfilling your domestic work?
( i) Less than an hour (iv) 5-6 hours
(ii) 1-2 hours (v) 7 hours or more
( iii) 3-4 hours (vi) Not applicable because no domestic responsibilities.
87. Who is the first per son in your household to get up and the last person to sleep?
First person to get up:
Last person to sleep:
liv
(2) Child Care Arrangements:
(SKIP THIS SECTION IF UNMARRIED OR NO CHILDREN BELOW THE AGE OF 12 I~ARS AND GO TO QUESTION NO. 91)
88. (a) What arrangements have you made for looking after your children when you are at work, and
(b) How satisfied are you with these arrangements?
11. No special arrange~ ment because child!.. ren in school dur-' ing work hours. ,
1 2.No special arranger ment because •••••• ,
,
.. • , I
, -·t
.' ..
Iv
89. How often do you have to take leave or half-days due to problems created due to child-care arrangements?
(i) Often
(ii) Occasionally
(iii) Rarely
(iv) Never
90. Given the choice which child-care arrangement would you prefer?
(i) The same arrangement:
(ii) A different arrangement (specify) --
(3) Help and Encouragement from others:
91. In times of difficulty, which relative comes to your assistance? If not a relative, then mention who comes to your help.
Relationship to self:
Any other (specify) :
92. If you had to state (a) one family member who gives you maximum encouragement and (b) one who gives you maximum discouragement in functioning as a working woman who would you name? (N .B.· If not a family member, note down the person's relationship to the respondent).
Haximum Encouragement :
Haximum Discouragement:
Ivi
(4) Decision-making and Autonomy:
93. In the follm-ling matters, what is the extent to which you are involved when making a decision?
---------------------------------------------------------'Entire- 'Share 'Not can 'Can-' Not / 'ly de- 'deci-' -suli;ed' not 'app-,'cided 'sion:" 'at all:' say' lica-'by re- 'making "specify' 'ble. 'spondent'autho- 'name of' '
Sr. Decision-making No. Areas
, 'rity: ,'person ' 'specify'who de_I I .
,
name of'cides. I , person '
'with ' "whom 'shared •
"
---------------------7--------~-------r-------T----~-----I. Changes in job by·,
------------------------------~~-------~--------~------1. What is done
with your sala-' ry. .. ,
2. What mode of , dress you adopt,
3. What circle of ' friends you have ,
4. wnat·sociql and, cultural activiT ties you parti-, cipate in .'
5. What type of jo~ you take up'
'.~ 6. What choice of,
marital partner·you make .'
7. What number of , children you ~ have ,
.f
t
,I
.' , • • -'
-' .. 0-
"
-'
f
J ,
•
,
lviii
95. What portion of your income is used to meet the family expenses?
(i) All of it
(ii) About 3/4 of it
(iii) About 1/2 of it
\'iv} hbout 1/4 of 'it
(v) None of it
(SKIP TO QUESTION NO.97 FOR TH~ E WHO CONTRIBUTE ALL THEIR INCOME TO MEET FAMILY EXPENSES)
96. If your income is not used for meeting family expenses, or if only partially used for meeting family expenses, for what is the balance or the entire income used?
(i) To meet personal expenses
(ii) Saved up for family needs in future
(iii)Saved up for my needs in future
(iv) Saved up for my dowry
(v) Any other (specify):
97. What sort of a bank account/s do you have on your name?
(i) On own name
(ii) Joint with husband, both must sign
(iii) Joint with husband, either can sign
(iv) Joint with father, both must sign
(v) Joint with father, either can sign
(vi) Any other (specify)
(vii) No account on own name
/ ,
VI. THE TI'O ROLES: HOME AND W<R 1<
98. Working women often experience the families and domestic obligations. at home from one's family members.
feeling that they are neglecting their Then again, one often heQrs such complaints
(a) First of all, how often do you yourself experience such feelings with regard to yourself?
(b) Secondly how often do you hear such complaints from family members ~lith regard to yOU?
- -----------------------r----------------------------r--~----------------------------.' A-Experience on own , B-Hear fran family members t -----,--- ---- -r----r- ... ·------· -,-----,----- -------------- ------
Sr. C 1 it· . N t p'" f Not No. omp an. Often' occalul~J.-. Ralr-:-, e- No 1 .'Often cca
1s) J.- : Ralr- 'vNe - " appli-
, ,ona y, e y • ver app • f ,ona.y eyer' b' 1 . • ca e
is getting out~:..h:.:a:.:n:..d=_ ______________________ _<,I__'----------
Ix
99. In general, how much would you say your job and your family life interfere with each other?
(i) A lot
(ii) Somewhat
(iii) Not particularly
(iv) Not at a11
(IF 'NOT H'>RTICULARLY' OR 'NOT AT ALL' SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 101)
100. I f they do, interfere with each other, t.o what extent? -------------------------------------r--------------------.• I 1
Sr r Some Not NO· Statements 'Always'"t· -, Never' appli-
• ,J.mes, 'bl 1 ca e
------------------------------T------------r------~---c-~-1. Incompatibility between '
wElrk and family members' schedules
2. Uncertainty of work schedule
3. Scarcity of time
4. Excessive and tirir.g housework tells on performance at office
5. Excessive and tiring office work tells on performance at home
6. Preoccupation with home problems and irrita-bility at office
7. Preoccupation with office problems at home
8. Any other (specify)
, • ,
,
t
.' • , ,
I
.' .t , if
101. What kind of concrete help do you feel is needed to facilitate your combining the responsibilities of your work and home?
102. Often, women are plagued at work by problems of home or related to our domestic tasks. Please give some examples of such domestic problems that cause stress and tension to you at work.
lxi
103. It is sometimes Said that a working wanan is at an advantage at home. To what extent are the following statements about the advantages of being a ",orking woman true in your case?
-----------------------------------------------------------'I' " Sr ,He ps to·,Helps to,Not.,Not.
N • Statements a large some at appl~-o. t" t extent . extent all cable ---------------------------·~r--------T---~----~----~-------1. Adjusting to the diffi- .. .'
culties of home life
2. Understanding husband's work problems
3. Helping the children with their studies
I
4. Being a better wife ..
5. Being a better mother
6. Being more practical and realistic
7. Having a better home management
8. Not being dependent on others
9. Having a large say in decisions taken regarding the home and family matters
.'
, I
t
,
.. ,
,
, , • ,.
,
104. Have you ever considered finding another job because it might make it easier for you to combine your job and family responsibilities?
(1) Yes (ii) No (iii) Not applicable
Reasons:
lxii
VII. WILFARE FACILITIES:
105. In most government offices, certain special faciliti~s are provided to women employees.
(a) Can you tell me some of the welfare facilities for women that are provided at your office? .
(b) Can you tell me which of these facilities you use?
(IF DOES NOT MENTION ANY FACILITIES OR DOES NOT USE THEM SKIP. TO QUESTION NO. 107)
106. Are you satisfied generally with the provision and implementation of Ue Ele facilities?
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Fully
partially
Not at all
Cannot say
lxiii
107.1 What facilities for women should the Mantralaya provide according to yOU?
108. Do you have a special lady officer appointed to attend to women employees' problems and needs, in Mantralaya?
(i)
(ii)
( iii)
Yes
No
Do not kno\.,r
(IF NO/DO NOT KNOW, SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 112)
109·. What is her name?
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Name knOlrlTI correctly
Name not known
Name stated incorrectly
110. Can you tell me what she is supposed to do specifically?
111. What would you like her to do in terms of the problems of women employees?
(SKIP TO QUESTION NO. 113)
112. If there was such a special lady officer, what would you like her to do in terms of the problemS of women emp loyees?
lxiv
VIII. ATTITUDE TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN:
113. women's employment outside the home is a highly controversial subject. Indicate your degree of concurrence with the follovnng statements on women's employment.
------------------------r----~--------------~------• • Agree/ I Dis- 'C Ad' I an-
Sr. Statements I gree, ~s~ agree, ~ say ,Entir,agree 'entir_,no~
No. ,ely ,to some! ely , , extent r
-----------------------------~-------.-------~------'r , 1. A woman should not ,
work after marriage ,
2. A woman should not work when her child/' children are young r
(below the age of 5 years) ,
3. An educated women whp does not work is , wasting her educatio2
4. Only if there is a financial need should a woman work
5. A working mother can, establish just as warm and secure a relationship with her children as a mother who does not work .
6. There is no differ- , ence between the jobl performance of a • woman and a man ,
I
7. A woman's femininity' is reduced if she
, takes up employment I
8. A woman should be selected for a post· r only if a man is not:' available for the post
obs4rvat.~'ir.o"n~5'-~~-----------CC~l'a~s~s'---~~====~]~[r~e~g~u~e~nE~~y~o~f=1c~o~n~c~e~sIsli2o~n~s~==~;:~~=========-~~ __ ~ ____ __ of Often Some- Never Cannot NR Total
7. "'._ mail rather than a I 1 '} 4 womall .accepted better (36 ) (16) as a colleague by men
II 8 3 (32) (12)
_III _35-----.::::: 14 ( 35) (14 )
Total 52 21 34.67 14.00
8. ~ man rather than a I 14 2 womah---is ac-ceptea as - ------- (5"6-)----ii3 ) a boss by lnen.
II 11 4 (44) ( 16)
III 36 10 ( 36) (10)
Total 61 16 40.67 10.57
,
1]
(44)
14 (56)
49 (49)
74 49.33
8 . -(32)
10 (40)
51 (51)
69 46.00
1 (4)
1 2 0.67 1.33
1 ( 4) ----- .--.
1 (1)
2 1.33
2 ( 2)
2 1.3·3
25 x2 -~~ 5.5075 (100) df = 6
P > 0.05 25 NOT SIG.
(100)
100 C1 00)
150 100.00
25 x'= 6.403 ( 1 a 0.) --<l£~-6 _ .... ___ ..
p .;> 0.05 25 NOT SIG.
(100)
100 (100)
150 100.00
Table 6.12 (Conte.)
Obset'-va·tJ.ons of service
Often
9. Due to the belief I 3 that women are ineffi- (12) cient workers; mistakes are pointed 11 2 out unnecessarily in (8) women1s work more than in men l 5. __ .I.II ______ .. __ 6
- 4-0:7C-t a 5 k-re-:::ru·1-r·1 n g - responsibility is handed over to a man rather than to a woman.
Total
(6)
11 7.33
-- I - -----3-( 12)
II 1 (4 )
III 21 (21)
Total 25 16.68
---,-P...r..eq.uen.cy of Some- Never times
4 18 (16) (72)
5 18 (20) (72)
19 73 (19) (73)
28 109 1"8.67 72.67
2 20 (8 ) (80)
2 22 (8) (88)
13 62 ( 13) (62)
17 104 11.33 69.33
conc.e.s.s.i.ons cannot NR: say
2 ( 2)
Total
25 (100)
25 (100)
100 (100)
150
X2;' 1.1061 df = 4
.p :> 0.05. NOT SIG.
2 1.33 100;00
2 (2 )
2 1.33
25 (100)
25 (100)
2 100 (2) - (100)
2 105
- ·_x2_~ 7."J67-------d£ = 6 P > 0.05
NOT SIC ..
1.33 100.00
• Table 6.12 (Contd. )
Observations Class Freauency of ConcessIons of Often Some- Never Cannot NR Total Service times Say
among male employees (50 (24) ( 20) (100) df = 4 tha.t-since men- fa"ca- . -p- ·<·0'05- SIG.· greater economic II a 9 a 25 pressures to work than (32) (36) (32) (100) women. a woman should not take the job of III 30 20 4a 2 100 a man. (30) ( 20) (4a) (2) (100)
The Respondents· Observq,t:ions on the CritiCism Heard about women at the Secretariat by the marital status
Cri tic:1sm Freguency of Hearing Ofi":en sometImes Never NR Total
Women work less than OM 1"' 22 31 70 x2 = 2 .. 2718
men 24..29 31.43 44 .. 28 100.00 df 2 P > 0.05
M 2,. 24 28 80 NOT SIG. ~ --- 35.00- ----30.00 35.00 --100.00
T 4 ~, 46 59 150 30.00 30.61 39.33 100.00
Women do work of OM 4 19 46 1 70 x2 = 4.9004 . -- ~'j nfe-r1-o:e--qua-ll-ty-Ehan ~ -5.71.- 27 ;-:l"4 - --6-5;72--·· 1.40 -TOO'-OO~- af ---;;-2- ------~-
:F reguen-cy:-ot-1fea-riTlg--Clal:i:s Often Some_ Never NR Total of timeS Ser"ir>ice
5. Women take longer I 9 6 10 25 X2 : 1.6956 time for lunch (36) (24) ( 40) (100) df = 4
P > 0.05 NOT SIG. II 9 9 6 1 25
(36) (36) (24) (14 ) (l00)
III 39 29 32 100 (39) (29) ( 32) (100)
TotCa.l 57 44 48 1 150 ------- ~------~
---~ - - - - - --- --~------- .
6. Women take leave I 3 25 2 1.5062 15 7 X ~
more often than (60) ( 28) (12) (100) df = 4 men p > 0.05 NOT SrG.
II 16 4 5 25 (64) (16 ) ( 20) (100)
III 62 20 18 100 (62) (20) ( 18) (100)
Totsl 93 31 26 150
Criticism
7. Women come late/ go early hone more often t.han
-mel')._ ~_
-, -- ------ ---- - - - - -
(:1aS5 of Service
II
III
Table 6.15 <Contd.)
Freguency of Hearing ~Often $ome- Never NR
times
11 4 10 (44) (16) (40)
16 - 4 5 (641 (16 ) (201
44 27 29 (44) (27) ( 29)
""'T O"'Ea 1 - --7"1----35-- -- -~4-4- - - -
Total
25 (100)
25 (100)
100 (l00)
- -1-50 -
Xl = 5.2050 at = 4 P > 0.05 NOT SIG.
Appendix VIII(iv)
Table 6.16
The Unmarried and Married _ .. Re$pondents' observations on the Differences made in the treatment of Men Bnd Women at the Secretariat a
Observation Frequency of Qbservation M.S. ·Often Some- Never Cannot NR Total
times Say
1. Work involving OM 47 10 11 2 70 X2 d 0.3908
touring/making 67.14 14.~9 15.71 2.86 100.00 df = 2 visits is given p > o .{)5 h'"OT to men rather M 56 10 10 2 2 80 than- -women 70 .. 0·0 ±2.S0- 12.50 2.50 2.50 100.00
are given any work p > 0.05 liar to be done after M 31 9 37 1 2 80 off ice "hours. 38 .. is n.2S 46.25 1.25 2.50 l'W.OO
Total 55 23 69 1 2 150
3. Women are permi- UM 17 25 27 1 70 x 2 = 1.3991
tted once in a 24.29 35.71 38.57 1.43 100.CO df = 2 while .to go home p > 0.05 NOT early/corae late to M 17 23 38 2 80 a greater extent 21.25 28 a 75 47.50 2.50 100 than men.
Total 34 48 65 2 1 150
SIG.
SIG.
SIG.
Table 6.16 (Contd. )
Observation M.S. Pre ent of observation ...ten Sorne- Never Cannot NR Tota
times say'"
4. Women ~ . .s leave UM 11 9 49 1 70 x 2 = 8.016 2 applications are 15.71 12.86 70.00 1.43 100.00 df u 2 sanctioned more p ~ 0.05 SlO. easily than men's H 5 3 68 2 2 80
9. Due to the l::eli-ef UM 7 12 51 that women are ine- 10. DO 17.14 72.96 ff ic ient wo.r}'ers mistakes' pointed out: .M 4 16 58 unnece ssa ri 1 y in 5.00 20.00 72.50 work
Total 11 28 109
NR Total
70 (1)0.00)
2 80 2.50 (1 GO. 00)
2 150
70 (100.00)
2 90 2.50 (100.00)
2 150
70 (1 DO. DO)
2 80 2SJ (100.00)
2 150
x 2 ~ 2. 2906 df = 2 P » 0.05 NOT~SIG.
x2 ~ 0.0315 df = 2 p_> _O~. OS_NOT-S~IG .•.
2 l< = df =
P >
1.4108 2 0.05 NOT 5IG.
Table 6.16 (Contd. )
'Observation- Prequency of observation M.S. Often Some- Never Cannot NR Total
times Say
10. Task requiring UM 17 10 42 1 70 x2 = 7.1988
responsibility is 24.28 14.29 60.00 1 .. 43 (100.00) "df = 2 handed to a man p .::. 0.05 SIG .. rather than a women M 8 7 62 1 2 80
10.00 8. 75 72.50 1.25 2.50 (100. 00)
'rotal 25 17" 1 ()4 2 2 150
11. Male bosses/colle_ UM 7 58 2 70 x 2 5 .. ~,564 agues lKisbeh~ve/ ~ .? '.1 . 1 O. 00 82.86 2.85 (100.00) df 2 attempt to do so P -':>0 .. 05 NOT SIG.
1 2 • An attitude prevail s UM 23 14 33 70 x2 = 2.0758
among male employees 32."6 20.00 47.14 (100.00) df = 2 that women should' p > 0.C5 NOT SIC. not take the job·of M 29 21 28 2 80 a man .... 36.25 26.25 35.00 2'.50 (l00.00)
Tot~l " 052 35 61 2
Table 6.16
- -~--- -- --o-bs-e-rva-ti-Qn F-regueney----ef---ease·r,vatlon M~S. Oft~n Sorne- Never Ca.nnot NR ,,- Total
times Say
13. Jealousy e.xizts UM 2S 10 31 1 70 x 2 $ 2.2846
about worneD's 40.00 14 .. 29 44.29 1.42 (100.00) dE $ 2 earnings among men p > 0.05 NOT. SIG.
H 29 19 30 2 80 36.25 23.75 37.50 2.50 (100.00)
Total -57 29 61 1 2 150
14; Fell1ale bosses are UM 14 8 47 1 70 x2 $ 5.1M2
better as cuainst 20.00 11.43 67.14 1.43 (lJO.fJO) dE $ 2 male bosses as far p < 0.05 SIG.
__ as _women employ_e_es _ M 6 ___ B __ - 63 __ _1_ 2 SO are conc.erned. 7.50 10 .. 00 78.1'5 1.25 2.50 - --0: 00 .-00)
Total 20 16 110 2 2 150
Appendix VIII(v)
Tabl-e 6.20
The Married and the unmarried Respondents' .Agreement with Criticism made about women at the Secretariat.
CriticIsm Agre,ement Agree Part"1ally Disagree NR Total
agree
1. Women work less UM 2 14 54 70 x2 = 43.9181
than m@n 2.96 20.00 77 .14 100.00 df = 2 P L. 0.05 SIG.
M 8 53 18 1 80 10.00 66.25 22.5~ 1.25 100;CO
10 67 72 1 150
2. Women do work 0= Jl-. 3 2 64 1 70 X 2
= 0.0404. an in fe rio r -- -~.~ ~._ft6 __ 9.1_ •.•. 2_ _} _ ~t3 _.10P __ OO_ df =_2 _ -quaflty- than men M ·3 2 73 2 80 P > 0.05 NOT
3.75 2.50 91.25 2.50 100.00
Total 6 4 137 3 150
3. Women chat at UM 15 26 28 1 70 x2 = 2.1942
work 21.43 37.14 40.00 1.43 100.00 df = 2 p > 0.05 NOT
M 23 21 33 3 80 28.7.5 26.25 41.25 3.75 100.00
T 38 47 61 4 150
SIG.
SIG.
Table 6.20 (Contd. )
S"ri tic ism Agreement Agree partialIy DIsagree NR Total·
agree
•• Women knit 6ew at 2 work UM 14 24 29 3 70 X = 2.7983 ; ·3
20.00 34.29 41.43 4.28 100; 00 df = 2 P ~0.05 NOT -·:;5IG.
M 20 35 25 80 25.00 43.75 31.25 100.00.
T 34 _ .. - - 59 54 3 150
5. Women take a OM 18 18 3. 70 x2 = 0.3704 longer time for 25.71 25.71 48.58 100.00 df = 2 lunch than men p ;;> 0.05 NOT SIG. ---.. M _D __ 21 _____ .41 _ .. __ 1_. _8.0 -21.25 26.25 51.25 1.25 ·100.00 'Ie
T 35 39 75 1 150 Ie
" 35 10 2
4.1844 C
6. Women take leave OM 25 70 X -often then 50.00 14.29 35.71 100.CO df 2 -more men p> 0.05 NOT SIG.
M 46 17 17 80 57.50 21.25 21 .25 100. CO
T 81 27 42 150
Table 6.20 (Contd.
Agree Agreement
partially Disagree NR Total ____ . __ . _____ --'-______ "a-"g"r"'e"e~_. ____________________________ _
7. -oJomer, com,~ late/ ;TO early l-gore :Jften thai" men
UM
M
T
20 28.58
29 36.25
49
25 35.71
2. .30.00
49
25 35.71
27 33.75
52
70 100.00
80 .1.00.00 _
150
x 2 , 1.0886 df ~ 2 p> 0.05 ROT SIG.
M M 'M < = -
Appendix VIII (vi)
Table 6.21
The _Re_spondents I Agreement with the Criticism made about Women at the Secretariat"
~Y their Class of Service.
Cr1 ticisrn Class Agree partially Disagree NR Total agree
1 • Women work less than I 1 11 13 25 x 2 = 1.3105
men (4 ) (44 ) (52) (100) df = 4 p> 0.05 II 3 11 11 25 'OT SIG.
(12) (44) (44) . (1-00)
III 7 45 4B 10i) (7) (45) (4B) (100)
'I' 11 67·- .. _7.2. 150. ___ ---" .- c
2. Women do work of an I 1 1 23 25 2
2.0ll. X inferior quality than (4) (4) (92) (100) df 4 men p :> 0.05 NOT :; IG.
II 22 3 25 (B8) (12) (100)
III 5 3 92 100 ( 5) (3) (92) (100)
T 6 4 137 3 150
Table 6.21 (Contd. )
_____ -C.::.itic.i..stn - Class_--------Ag.re.a_Jartial ~-1S ag r.ee NR Total agree
3. Women chat .at work I 6 8 11 25 x 2 = 0.4862
(24) (32) (44) (100) df = 4
25 p> 0.05 NOT SIG.
II 5 8 8 4 (20) (32) (32) (16) ( 100)
III 27 31 42 100 ( 27) __ (31 ) (42 ) _.oDD) --
T 38 47 61 4 150
4. Women knit/sew at I 9 9 7 25 x 2 = 3 .. 845'7
_. ----~oYk- -(6) --( 36) -( 28) --- --(-100)- -~f -: -4- --------p > 0.05 NOT SIG.
II 4 11 7 3 25 (16) (44 ) ( 28) (12 ) (100)
III 21 39 40 100 ( 21 ) (39) (40) ( 100)
T 34 59 54 3 150
5. Women take • longer I 6 8 11 25 x2 2.0398
time for' lunch than men (24) (32) (44) (100) df 4 p> 0.05 NOT SIG.
II 6 8 10 1 25 (24) ( 32) ( 40) (4 ) (100)
r 11 ::.7 ~ 23 23 54 100 (23) (23) (54 ) (100)
T 35 39 75 1 150
Table 6.21 <Contd. )
Frltic{!lm Class Agree -Partial-lyc -Disagree NR TO"t-ar---------:--aqree
6. W()r.;e :1 take leave more I 19 4 2 25 x 2 ~ 9.:H88
ofte;, than men. (76) (16 ) (8) (100) dt 4 p> 0.05 NOT SIG. II 15 5 5 25
early more often (32) (24) (44) (100) dt c 4 "':.han men P<:, 0.05 SIG.
II 15 6 4 25 (60) (24) (16 ) ( 100)
In 26 37 37 100 (26) (37) (37) (100)
T 49 49 52 150
Appendix vern (vii)
Table 6.23
_ -:Pl-eJe-Bp..QIlden_'t::_s ~:--_imilg.e_s_a.n9_a.:tj:,.i_~udes to toe employment ot Women by their class ot Service.
Statement t;:xteut ·of Agreement Agree " Some"";' ." Disa.-gree " NR " Total " what
1 • "Only if there is I 11 (44) 1 (4) 13 (72) 25 :(100) x 2 ~ 11. 3688
a financial need II ·7 (28) 7 (28) 11 (44) 25 (lOO) ',dt ~ 4 should _a _woman III 55 (55) 11 (11) 34 (34) 100 (loa) 'p < 0:05 SIG work" • T 73 i9 58 1 "50 .... ·
2. "A woman should I 18 (72) 3 (12) 4 ( 16) 25 (100) x 2 = 10.6161
be allowed to work, II 19 (76) 3 (12) 3 ( 12) 25 (100) dt = 4 irrespective of III 47 (47) 17 (17) 36 ( 36) 100 (100) P < 0.·05 SIG
-- -he-r-ec-on omi c --T --84 23 --"-~--- ·43 . _. __ 150 _
situation H•
3. "A woman should I 4 (16) 9 (36) 12 (48) 25 (100) x2 = 8.6716
not work after II 3 (12 ) 12 (48) 10 (40) 25 (100) df = 4 marriage" . III 30 (30) 46 (46) 24 (24) 100 (100) p > 0.-05
T 37 67 46 150 NOT SIG.
4. "A woman should I 8 (32) 8 (32) 9 ( 36) 25 (100) x2 = 5 a 197 5
not work when her II 8 (2) 7 (28) 10 (40) 25 (100) dt = 4 children ar-e less III 44 (44 ) 35 (35) 21 ( 21) 100 (100) p > 0.05 than 5 years of T 60 50 40 150 Nor SIG. agel' .
Table 6.23 (Contd. )-"
Statement, Extent of Aareement Agree % -Some-· % Disagree % NR % 'Total %
what
5. °A working mother '-1 11 '(44) 2 , (8) (S) 12 1:£ (48),,_ . 25 (100) 2· 6 .. g.: 77 X " can .:establish just II 15 (60) 6 6 (24)(24) 4 4 (16)(16) 25 (100) df ~ as secure and warm III 43 (43) 17 17 (17)(17'37 3, (37)\ 3iJ3 (.3) 100 (100) p ;; O. Q:i a relationship with T 69 25 53 53 3 3 150 1ll0T SIG. her children as a non-working mother- •
6. '!.A _woman I s fejllin i- -·1- 5 ( 20) 4 (16) :1 s-" , -. -( 6 0)' ·",:,"1 T4) 25 (iOO)-X 2 = 1.7118 nity is reduc~'-: II 4 (16 ) 5 (20) 16 (64) 25 (100) df = 4 if she takes .. III 27 (27) 19 (19) 54 (S4) 100 (100 p ::> 0.05 job n • r 36 28 85 1 150 N:1T 513.
7. ftA woman shoul~ I 19 (76) 5 " POL_ l (4) 25- ·,,(-100> x~= 8.-'1-499-·--nave exactry -t'lf'- II 23-- (9ZY " -,
(4) 1 (4 ) 25 (100) df = 2 same job oppor- III 90 ( 90) 4 (4) 6 (6 ) 100 (100) ? ? O. as tuni ties as men" • T 132 10 8 150 N:1' SIG.
8. °A woman should I 1 (4 ) 24 (96) 25 (100) x2 = J.1151 be selected for I I 1 ( 4) 1 (4) 23 (92) 25 (100) df = 2 a post only if a III 14 (14 ) 5 (5) 81 (81) 100 (100) p;> 0.05 sui table man is T 16 6 128' . 150 Ncr SIG. not available".
Statement
9. "There 1"& no di f ference between the job performance of a man and a woman a •
lO.nAD educated women who does not ..... ork is wasting her education".
I II III T
I II III T
Agree
21 23 82
126
4 8
39 51
Table 5.23 (Contd.)
Ext~nt of Agreement % .0 Some- '% Disagree % ,NR
what
(84) ( 92) (82 )
mJ (39)
2
6 8
2 3 9
14
(8)
(6)
2 2
12 16
19 14 52 85
(8) (8) (12 )
" Total
25 25
100 150
25 25
100 150
%
(100) X2 = 2.48B1 (100) df = 4 (100) p > 0.05
(lool· (100 ( 100)
Nor SIG.
x2 = 5.4324 dt = 4 P ;. 0.05
NOT SIG.
Appendix VIII(viii}
Table 6.24 .'
Th~ Un-married and Married Respondents' Images and Attitudes about the --§mp-l-oyrnen{;-· o.,f.._W.omen •.
Statement Agree
Extent ~f Agreement Some DIsagree NR ':'Total
1. Only if there is a VM financial need should a·woman H work ...
T
31 44. 28
42 52.50
73
Extent
9 12.86
10 .12 .• 50
19
2. A woman should be allowed to work. irresoective of ner e""i:6nofnic' -situation
UM 39 11 55.92 15.71
M 45 12 - -5"6 .-25-,- -1'5. (}O
T 84 23
3. A. .woman should not UM work after marriage
M
T
4. A woman should not UM work when he r children are young M (below the age of 5 years) T
17 24.29
20 25.00
37
28 40.00
32 40.00
60
s. A working mother UM 29 can establish just 41.43 as warm and secure M 40 a relationship with 50.00 her children as a T 69 non-working mother
32 50.00
32 40.00
67
21 30.00
29 36.25
50
11 15.71
14 17.50
25
30 42.86
28 35.00
58
20 28.57
23 "28.75,.'- .
43
18 _ 25.11
28 35.00
46
21 30.00
19 23.75
40
27 38.57
26 32.50
53
3 4.29
3
70 100.00
80 100.00 150
70 100.00
80 --1·00. GO·
150
70 100.00
80 100.00 150
70 100.00
80 100.00 150
70 100.00
80 100.00 150
x 2 = 1.1174
df = 2 p > 0.05 NOT 5IG.
x2 = 0.(1147 df = 2. P ~ 0.05 NOT 31G.
2 X 1.8932 df 2 p> 0.05 NOT SIG.
X2 = 0.9844 df = 2 p> 0.05 NOT SIG.
x2 = 4.4858 df = 3 p > 0.05 HO'1' SIG.
Table 6.24 (Contd. )
Statement . .J.:xtJmt of. Agreem.ent A<;Jre e Some Disagree NR Totel
Extent
6. A WGmanls femlni- OM 15 10 44 1 70 x2 • 2.5936 nity 10 reduced 21.43 14.29 62.85 1. 4 3 100.00 df : 2 if she :works M ~1 18 41 80 p> 0.05 NOT SIG_
26.25 22.50 51.25 100.00 T 36 28 85 1 150
7. Women shou Id have tIM G6 2 2 70 x2 - 4.6087
exactly Same job 94.28 2.86 2.86 100.00. df = 2 opportu·n i ties as M G6 8 6 aD p dt.. 0.05 SIG. men 78.75 8.75 7.50 100.00
0.-1-1·51 -----_ .. -x selected for a post 11.43 4.29 84.28 100.00 df = 2 only 1£ a suitable M 8 3 G9 80 P'> 0.05 NOT SIG. man is not available 10.00 3.75 86.25 100. 00
T 16 6 128 150
9. There is no diffe- UM 61 2 7 70 2
1.7179 X rence between the 87.14 2.86 10.00 100.00 df : 2 job performance of M 65 6 9 80 p> 0.05 NOT SIG. a woman and a man 81.25 7.50 11.25 100.00
T 126 8 16 150
Statement Agree .
10.An educated woman UM 24 who does not work 34.29 is wasting her M 27 education 33.75
