30/04/2015 Enzymes used in the detergent industry.

18/04/23

Enzymes used in the detergent industry

NOVOZYMES PRESENTATION18/04/232

4 Types of enzymes are used for different detergents

Cellulase Cellulose Cotton, viscose

Carb

ohydra

ses

Amylase

Lipase

Protease

Starch

Triglycerides

Proteins

Examples

Rice, noodles,potatoes, corn

Organic fats and oils, sebum, lipstick

Substrate

Blood, egg, milkgrass, meat


Catalytic actions of detergent enzymes


Stain removal

Surfactants can remove most of the soils in laundry. Why do we need the enzymes?

Enzymes and surfactants generally work complementary, and together they can do the cleaning job at low temperature + mild pH

The following cartoon shows howenzymes degrade soil partiallyand surfactants bring the reminder into suspension


Removal of stain 1:The stain is bound to a surface

Stain

Substrate

Fibre


Removal of stain 2:A surfactant has been added

Soil

Fibre

Surfactant


Removal of stain 3:Enzymes are added and degrade available sites

Soil

Fibre

Surfactant Enzyme


Removal of Stain 4:The soil comes loose and goes into suspension

Soil

Fibre

Surfactant Enzyme


General principle of stain removal

Stain Clean vest Stain less visible

Stain no longer visible

Wash, no enzýmes

Wash with enzymes


Removal of invisible stains: redeposition

Conclusion: Enzymes give more permanent cleaning!

Washed in dirty water, No enzymes

Stain Washed Clean vest

Washed in dirty water, With enzymes


Removal of inorganic particulate soils

H2: washed with cleaning cellulase

H1: washed without cellulase


Removal of fuzz and pills

With the care cellulase:Carezyme®

Without cellulase


Enzymes boost the removal of …

• Food and plant stains in laundry and ADW

• Invisible impurities in laundry and ADW

• Particulate inorganic soils in laundry

• Fuzz and pills in laundry

BUT….. Which enzymes for what?


International brand support model

Basic performance

Life

styl

e

Aesthetics

Protease

AmylaseLipase

Cellulase


International brand support model

Polarzyme Stainzyme


Proteases


Proteases from Novozymes

Alcalase® For low pH, soft on wool

Esperase® For high pH, mainly I&I*

Everlase® Relatively stable in presence of bleach

Savinase® High performance standard protease

Polarzyme® High performance low temp. protease

Ovozyme® Tolerates protease inhibitors from eggs

Relase® For liquid detergents

Coronase® For liquid detergents

*I&I = Industrial and Institutional cleaning


Proteases catalyze the hydrolytic cleavage of the peptide chain

Protease

-R1CH-CO-NH-CR2H- + H2O → -CR1H-COO- + +H3N-CR2H-

Proteases can provide:• stain removal• cleanliness• general whitening


Facts about proteases

Novozymes proteases have been used since 1963

Are used in 75 % of all detergents

Protease is a basic ingredient in laundry and ADW detergents

Protease effects cannot be substituted by any other ingredients


Protease effect on blood spots

not washed washed 3 times, no protease

washed 3 times,with protease


Stain removal with protease in laundry

Protease no yes

Protease no yes

Cocoa (CFT)

Blood (CFT)

Salmon paste (Equest)

Grass(Equest)

Spinach (Equest)

Olives (Equest)


Protease effect on blood spots Protease effect after 3 wash cycles and re-soiling

No protease

With Protease

Re-soiling

Re-soiling


Proteases perform well at high pH

Relative Activity (%)

The figure shows Alcalase versus Savinase

pH


Wash performance of polarzyme 12T

Unwashed

1) TOM (Tergotometer) is a small scale method simulating top loading US washing machine

25 °C, TOM1, Regular powder, 10 °dH, 20 min, EMPA 117 swatch


Protease sensitive test swatches:

CFT C-10 Pigment/Oil/Milk on cotton CFT C-03 Chocolate milk/Soot on cotton EMPA112 Cocoa on cotton CFT C-05 Blood/Milk/Ink on cotton EMPA116 Blood/Milk/Ink on cotton EMPA117 Blood/Milk/Ink on cotton/polyester EMPA111 Blood on cotton CS-8 Grass on cotton PCS-8 Grass on cotton/polyester EMPA164 Grass on cotton WfK 10N Egg on cotton WfK 20N Egg on cotton/polyester


Low temperature profile of polarzyme

Activity temperature profile at pH 9

0,0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

0 20 40 60 80 100

Temperature (°C)

Re

lati

ve

ac

tiv

ity Polarzyme

Savinase

Activity profile of Polarzyme shifted towards lower temperatures maintaining activity at high temperature


Protease benefit tested in wash & wear test

Consumer wash and wear test: 70 men asked to wear a white cotton T-shirt

T-shirts collected and cut in half

One half washed in detergent with 0.1% Polarzyme 12T

Other half washed in well known non-biological brand

T-shirts sewed up, redistributed for another wearing and washing cycle (4 cycles in total)

After each cycle the person responsible for the family´s laundry was asked to rate the result


Protease benefit in wash & wear test- overall consumer preference


Protease benefit in wash & wear test

consumer preference for each performance attribute


Status for proteases

Protease is applied in laundry and ADW for complete removal of protein

Protease is recognised world-wide as a neccesary provider of basic detergency


Lipases


Lipase mechanism

LipaseNo odor

Lipase Odor

+

+

Short chain fatty acids (C4 –C8)

Dairy soils


Lipases from Novozymes

Lipolase® Original lipase wild type lipase. Multi wash lipase

Lipex® First wash protein engineered Lipase. Stain

removal and anti redeposition effects.


Effects with Lipase

First Lipase introduced in 1988

First protein engineered lipase introduced in 1998

Lipase can to some extent replace surfactants

Remove fatty matter at low temperature

Provide stain removal

Give in-depth cleaning

Reduces redeposition

General whitening + Lipase

- Lipase

Lipstick


Activity of Lipolase during drying

Relative Activity (%)


Lipase performance

Lipolase works best at low water concentration i.e. during drying of laundry

Lipex also works at high water concentrations such as in the main wash


Lipase for fat removal from outside of cotton fibres

no lipase with lipase

Lard

Sebum

Olive Oil


Lipase effect on inside of cotton fibres

Olive oilUnwashed

Olive oilWashed withdetergent

Olive oilWashed withdetergent &lipase

Cross sectional specimen of yarns soiled with olive oil


Lipase 1’st wash effect on polyester

washed without lipase

washed with lipase

0.2 mm

0.2 mm


Lipex - visual soil removal in 1st wash

No Lipex Lipex 500 LU/L

Lipex 1000LU/L


Anti-redeposition benefits after 1st wash- a secondary effect of Lipases

Unwashed textiles

- Lipex

+ Lipex


Status for Lipases

Lipase can be used in laundry for complete lipid removal especially at lower temperatures

Secondary effect of lipases are contribution to general cleanness by preventing redeposition of fats, oils and colorants

In depth cleaning of textile fibres

There is a smell issue that limits the dosage


Amylases


Amylases from Novozymes

Termamyl® Original amylase for high temp.

Termamyl® Ultra Highly stable liquid amylase

Duramyl® Improved stability in the presence of bleach

Stainzyme® High performance “Stainfighter”. Performs well under low temperature

wash conditions


-Amylases

Amylases hydrolyse a-1,4-glucose-linkages randomly forming soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides

The viscosity of the gelatinized starch is reduced and the solubility enhanced


Removal of soils containing starch

Gelatinization and swelling are needed to make the starch susceptible to enzymatic breakdown

For most starchy foods, various degrees of gelatinization result from cooking

Amylases boost the removal of starch e.g. from pasta, potato, gravy, chocolate, and baby food

Amylases prevent starch from adhering to the surface of laundry and dishes and act as a glue for particulate soils


Removal of invisible starch stain

Washed in dirty water, No enzymes

Starch stain Washed in any detergent Clean vest

Washed in dirty water, With enzymes


pH-profile of Termamyl and Stainzyme


Temp. profile for Termamyl and Stainzyme


Washing time


Different pH profiles


Potato starch

CottonCFT CS-27

PolyesterCFT PS-27

NylonCFT NS-27

PolyacrylCFT PAS-27

Cotton/PolyesterCFT PCS-27

With Termamyl®

With Stainzyme®

Commercial powder with bleaching agent, dosage: 4 g/l, Commercial washing machine, temperature: 40°C, short programme


Rice starch

CottonCFT CS-28

PolyesterCFT PS-28

NylonCFT NS-28

PolyacrylCFT PAS-28

Cotton/PolyesterCFT PCS-28

With Termamyl®

With Stainzyme®

Commercial powder with bleaching agent, dosage: 4 g/l, Commercial washing machine, temperature: 40°C, short programme


Status for Amylases

Amylases important for stain removal in laundry

Amylases are to a large extent recognised as a provider of basic detergency in laundry

Amylases very important type of enzymes for dishwashing applications

Stainzyme launch is a break through in amylase technology


Cellulases from Novozymes

Celluzyme® first cellulase from NZ, colour clarification, prevents anti-redeposition,

tolerant towards LAS. Multi-component enzyme product. 1986.

Carezyme® colour clarification, care cellulase, high activity on cellulose fibres, sensitive to LAS. 1998.

Endolase® prevents anti-redeposition and maintain whiteness (in EU liquids). Works on soluble

cellulose. 1999.

Renozyme® colour clarification, robust towards anionic surfactants, cost effective cellulase


Many cellulases have a domain structure

Catalytic Core HydrophilicLinker

Cellulose Binding Domain


“Cellulase” enzymes working together to degrade cellulose

Carezyme / Renozyme

CBH I

CBH II

EG

RNR

G

EG

EGEndolase


Cellulase reactions

Cellulases hydrolyse b-1,4-glucose-linkages forming soluble dextrins

The substrate is water-rich amorphous cellulose In fibers this is especially found in stress points where the cellulose crystal structure is disrupted

Some cellulases are only active on soluble forms of cellulose


Removal of fuzz

No Cellulase With Carezyme

= Clearer Colors


Cellulase effects

Fuzz removal (Color clarification)

Depilling / anti-pilling

Soil removal (cleaning)

Anti-redeposition

Softness


Endolase® antiredeposition effect

White cotton

Carbon soil

+

Wash

“Grey” cotton

Without cellulase

“Less grey ” cotton

With cellulase


Endolase® cleaning effects

Unwashed Wash 1 Wash 2 Wash 3

No Endolase EndolaseWhiteness


Status for cellulases

Big difference in effects of different cellulases

Color clarification & care: Celluzyme, Carezyme and Renozyme

Anti-redeposition & Cleaning: Celluzyme and Endolase

Cellulases can support both basic performance and aesthetics


Factors influencing enzyme wash performance

Detergent composition

Enzyme concentration

Temperature

pH

Water hardness

Contact time

Type of soil

Type of wash system

Type of wash method


Thank you!

Date post:	15-Dec-2015
Category:	Documents
Upload:	terry-lamborn
View:	250 times
Download:	17 times

30/04/2015 Enzymes used in the detergent industry.

Documents