3.2 ORGANS AND ORGAN SYSTEMS

HOOK (VIDEO)

AGENDA Hook Video on Bicycle Riding

From Cells to Tissues to Organs

Types of Organ systems

The Digestive Organ System

NOTE: TUESDAY QUIZ ON THE

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

FROM CELLS TO TISSUES AND ORGANS

Human stem cells differentiate into epithelial, muscle, nervous, and connective cells. These accumulate to become tissues.

These tissues are organized to form organs, which are designed to perform a specific function.

The organs are used to form organ systems which together provide everything necessary to keep the organism (human) alive.

HIERARCHY OF ANIMAL SYSTEMS

Organ Systems (Circulatory, Digestive, Respiratory, etc.)

Organs (Heart, Liver, Intestine, Blood Vessel, etc.)

Tissues (Connective, Muscular, etc.)

Specialized Cells (Blood, Heart, Bone,

etc)

Stem Cells

T-P-S: NAME THE ORGAN SYSTEMS

ORGAN SYSTEMS IDENTIFIED

A. Muscular B. SkeletalC. Nervous SystemD. EndocrineE. CirculatoryF. IntegumentaryG. Lymphatic

(Immune)H. RespiratoryI. DigestiveJ. ExcretoryK. Reproductive

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

The digestive system has 4 primary functions:Ingestion

Digestion

Absorption

Egestion

INGESTION & EGESTION

Ingestion refers to the consumption of a substance (1st step).

Egestion refers to the removal of unwanted materials from the body. (Last step)

DIGESTIONDigestion is the mechanical and

chemical breakdown of food into smaller components. (2nd step) It is the breakdown of large food molecules into

smaller ones.

FatProteinsCarbohydrates

Waste

ABSORPTION (FIG. 3.16) Absorption is the process by which digested

food nutrients and water are taken from the intestine and moved throughout the body. (3rd step)

Body (Through Blood Vessels)

Body (Through Blood Vessels)

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM LABELLED

GallbladderPancreas

IN CLASS WORK/HOMEWORK

Newspaper article (Due Monday)

Read pages 85-92. Answer Questions 1,3, 4 (page 90) Answer questions #4-8 (page 92)

Read pages 93-99 for the quiz on Tuesday November 15 Answer questions #1-3 (page 99)

Read ahead to the circulatory system (pages 100-102)

HOOK VIDEO

LABEL THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM COMPONENTS

SCENARIO: EATING A BURGER

The burger enters the oral cavity (i.e. the mouth)

A bite is taken out of the burger and chewing proceeds (mechanical digestion)

The salivary glands secrete amylase to breakdown the carbohydrates. (chemical digestion)

Once the food has been broken down into small enough pieces, the food is swallowed.

DOWN THE OESOPHAGUS TO THE STOMACH

The partly digested food travels through the pharynx down the oesophagus through peristaltic contractions.

DIGESTION IN THE STOMACH

The food passes through a sphincter into the stomach where gastric juices surround the food.

Hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin break down most of the protein. (chemical digestion)

The stomach then covers the food in mucus and sends the food down to the small intestine (duodenum)

THE SMALL INTESTINE

The pancreas, liver, and gall bladder release chemicals to help break down the food further.

The small intestine contains millions of tiny folds called villi and microvilli Provides increased area for

absorption Nutrients and water can be

reabsorbed into the bloodstream

THE LARGE INTESTINE

Includes the colon, rectum, and anus Mainly absorbs water

Also absorbs vitamins and various saltsUndigested food leaves as feces (E.g. Corn)

VIDEO/MULTIMEDIA TOOL

http://kitses.com/animation/swfs/digestion.swf

REVIEW SNOWBALL ACTIVITY (QUESTIONS)

Take out a blank sheet of paper

Skim through pages 97-99 in the textbook.

Create questions to review The Digestive System

Begin the snowball activity

BREAK TIME (5-10 MIN)

EXAMINING HUMAN ORGANS AND SYSTEMS

Old Method Exploratory surgery

New Methods Medical imaging technologies

X-ray CT or CAT scan Ultrasound MRI Scan

X-RAY Transmits electromagnetic waves that radiate

through the body.

Since bone is dense, the radiation is absorbed.

Produces an image of bone structure

CT OR CAT SCAN

Makes use of X-rays to get thin slices of a body part. Each slice is computerized and joined to form a

3D image

ULTRASOUND

Makes use of high frequency sound waves. Waves are directed at a body part for a period of

time in order to examine movement

MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Uses radio signals in a magnetic field to create images of body parts

IN CLASS WORK/ HOMEWORK

Read/Review The Digestive System (pages 96-99) for the quiz on Tuesday November 15

Read ahead to the circulatory system (pages 100-102)