3.2 system design for eco efficiency vezzoli-13-14

Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / DESIGN dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy

course System Design for Sustainabilitysubject 3. System design for eco-efficency

learning resource 3.2

System design for eco-efficiency

carlo vezzolipolitecnico di milano . DESIGN dept. . DIS . School of Design . Italy

Learning Network on Sustainability (EU asia-link)Learning Network on Sustainabile energy systems (EU edulink)


CONTENTS . system design for eco-efficiency: a definition. system design for eco-efficiency: approach. criteria of system design for eco-efficiency

. system life optimisation

. transportation-distribution reduction

. resources reduction

. waste minimisation-valorisation

. conservation-biocompatibility

. toxic reduction


(educa

tion a

nd p

ract

ice)

DIS

SEM

INA

TIO

N

100%

100%

0new research frontier …

low impactmat./energies

design for social equity and

cohesion

system design for eco-efficiency

Product Life Cycle Design

ecodesign

widening the “o

bject” to be desig

ned

… aim at

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY: STATE OF ART (in industrially mature contexts)

CONSOLIDATION(research achievements on knowledge-base and know-how)


PSS MAIN CHARACTERISTICS

ROOTED IN A SATISFACTION-BASED ECONOMIC MODELeach offer is developed/designed and delivered in relation to a particular customer “satisfaction” (unit of satisfaction)

STAKEHOLDER INTERACTIONS-BASED INNOVATION radical innovations, not so much as technological ones, as new interactions/partnerships between the stakeholders of a particular satisfaction production chain (life cycle/s)

INTRINSIC ECO-EFFICIENCY POTENTIALinnovation in which is the company/companies’ economic and competitive interest that may leads to an environmental impact reduction (system eco-efficiency: decoupling the creation of value from resources consumption)


SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICENCY:A DEFINITION

“the design of the system of products and services that are together able to fulfil a particular customer demand (deliver a “unit of satisfaction”), based on the design of innovative interactions of the stakeholders (directly and indirectly linked to that “satisfaction” system) where the economic and competitive interest of the providers continuously seeks environmentally beneficial new solutions.”

[Vezzoli et al., 2014]


A. “SATISFACTION-SYSTEM” APPROACH design the satisfaction of a particular demand

(satisfaction unit) and all its related products and services

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY: NEW APPROACHES AND SKILLS


A. “SATISFACTION-SYSTEM” APPROACHdesign the satisfaction of a particular demand

THERE IS NOT ONE SINGLE PRODUCT TO BE DESIGNED (ASSESSED), BUT RATHER ALL THE PRODUCTS AND SERVICES (AND ALL THE RELATED PROCESSES) ASSOCIATED WITH THE FULFILMENT OF A PARTICULAR (CUSTOMER) DEMAND OF SATISFACTION

... A “SATISFACTION UNIT” COULD BE DEFINED


SATISFACTION UNIT:

(a car):functional unit: trasportation of 1 persosn per 1 km

(possible with a car) satisfaction unit 1: 1 person having access to his/her working space (per 1 year)satisfaction unit 2: 1 person having access to public services delivering personal documents (per 1 year). ...(possible even with other mixes of products and services)

a satisfaction unit require an approach at the same time:. deeper (more products, services, stakeholders to be considered). more narrow (looking at one particular customer satisfaction)


SATISFACTION APPROACH IN DESIGN

IS TO THINK MORE ON BEING (SATISFIED), RATHER ON HAVING (PRODUCTS TO BE SATISFIED)

[Ehrnelfeld, Sustainability by design, 2008]




B. “STAKEHOLDER CONFIGURATION” APPROACH design the interactions of the stakeholders of a

particular satisfaction-system

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY: NEW APPROACHES AND SKILLS


[a parallel with product design: it imagines and defines the technical performance and aesthetic characteristics of “components” – materials/shape - and their“connections” – joining elements - to respond to a set of “requirements” ]

systems design for eco-efficiency: it imagines and defines“connections” – interactions/partnerships – between appropriate “components” – socio-economic stakeholders – of a system, responding to a particular “requirement” - social demand for satisfaction -

B. “STAKEHOLDER CONFIGURATION” APPROACH design the interactions of the stakeholder of a particular satisfaction-system


STAKEHOLDERS SYSTEM MAP




B. “STAKEHOLDER CONFIGURATION” APPROACH design the interactions of the stakeholder of a

particular satisfaction-system

C. “SYSTEM ECO-EFFICIENCY” APPROACHdesign such a stakeholder interactions (offer model) that for economic and competitive reasons continuously seek after environmentally beneficial new solutions

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY: NEW APPROACH AND SKILLS


> CRITERIA AND GUIDELINES ARE NEEDED> METHODS AND TOOLS ARE NEEDED to orientate design towards system eco-efficent stakeholder interactions

NOT ALL PSS ARE ECO-EFFICENT!

C. SYSTEM ECO-EFFICENCY APPROACHdesign such a stakeholder interactions (offer model) that for economic and competitive reasons continuously seek after environmentally beneficial new solutions


SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY CRITERIA (TO REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT)

. System life optimisation

. Transportation-distribution reduction

. Resources reduction

. Waste minimisation-valorisation

. Conservation-biocompatibility

. Toxic reduction

[ADOPTED BY POLIMI-DIS WITHIN LeNS]


SYSTEM LIFE OPTIMISATION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS FOSTERING FOR

ECONOMIC/COMPETITIVE REASONS,THE EXTENSION OF THE SUM OF THE PRODUCTS’ LIFE SPAN

ANDTHE INTENSIFICATION THE SUM OF THE PRODUCTS’ USE


PRODUCTION

DISTRIBUTION

USE

PRE-PRODUCTION

NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNIQUES WITH LOWER USE CONSUMPTION

USE

DISP.

P-PR.

PROD.

DISTR.UPDATING OF THE COMPONENTS CAUSING CONSUMPTION

PRE-PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION

DISTRIBUTION

USE

DISPOSAL

given function in time

PRE-PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION

DISTRIBUTION

USE USE

AVOIDED IMPACTS LIGHTER IMPACTSSHORT product’s (system sum) life

EXTENDED product’s (system sum) life


P-PROD. PROD. DISTR. DISP.

use (function) during time




B 1 B 2 B 3A 1 A 2 A 3C 1 C 2 C 3

A 1 A 2 A 3

B 1 B 2 B 3

C 1 C 2 C 3 LIFE

IN

DIP

EN

DEN

T F

RO

M L

EN

GH

T O

F U

SE

AVOIDED IMPACTS

product’s (system sum) NOT INTENSE life

product’s (system sum) INTENSE life


TRANSPORTATION/DISTRIBUTION REDUCTION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS FOSTERING FOR ECONOMIC/COMPETITIVE REASONS,THE REDUCTION OF THE SUM OF THE TRANSPORTATIONS AND PACKAGINGS


RESOURCES REDUCTION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS FOSTERING FOR ECONOMIC/COMPETITIVE REASONS,THE REDUCTION OF THE SUM OF THE MATERIALS AND THE ENERGIES USED BY ALL PRODUCTS AND SERVICES OF THE SYSTEM


WASTE MINIMISATION/VALORISATION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS FOSTERING FOR ECONOMIC/COMPETITIVE REASONS,THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM RECYCLING, ENERGY RECOVERY AND COMPOSTINGAND REDUCTION OF THE SUM OF THE WASTE PRODUCED


PRE-PRODUCTION

PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE

LANDFILL


PRE-PRODUCTION


RECYCLING

COMBUSTION

COMPOSTING

PRE-PRODUCTION

material (system sum) non-extended life

material (system sum) extended life

AVOIDED IMPACTS ADDITIONAL IMPACTS


CONSERVATION/BIOCOMPATIBILITY

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS FOSTERING FOR ECONOMIC/COMPETITIVE REASONS,THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM’S RESOURCES CONSERVATION/RENEWABILITY


TOXIC REDUCTION

DESIGN FOR,SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS FOSTERING FOR ECONOMIC/COMPETITIVE REASONS,THE REDUCTION/AVOIDANCE OF THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM’S MATERIALS’S TOXICITY AND HARMFULNESS


SDO SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIENTING TOOLKITstakeholder interaction guidelines (criteria related)


FOR DECISION MAKING (DESIGNING)identify the (environmental) design PRIORITIES:> CRITERIA relevance (relative) per system type> most promising stakeholders’ INTERACTIONS

types (criteria related GUIDELINES)

INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA (AND RELATED GUIDELINES)

FOR A GIVEN SATISFACTION SYSTEM:- some have HIGHER RELEVANCE than others - can be SYNERGETIC or CONFLICTING


SDO SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIENTING TOOLKITbreif related critaria prorities qualitative identification


some methods/tools developed to orientate system design towards eco-efficent solutions:

[for such new skills] NEW METHODS/TOOLS

SusProNet, Network on sustainable PSS

development[see Tukker

&Tischner, 2006]

Design4SustainabilityStep by step

approach[see Tischner & Vezzoli, 2009]

HiCS, Highly Customerised

Solutions[see Manzini et

al. 2004]

MEPSS, MEthodology for Product Service

System development[see van Halen et al.

2005]

METH

OD

S

Storyboard

Offering diagramInteraction

table

SDO toolkit

System assessment

Solution elements

Blu

portfolio diagramT

OO

LSDESIG

N

Product-Service System Design for

Sustainability[see Vezzoli et al.,

tbp 2012]

Offering diagram

SDO toolkitStoryboard

Interaction table


METHOD FOR SYSTEM DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY (MSDS)

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS

EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES

SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN

SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.)

COMMUNICATION

MSDS PHASES/PROCESSES

ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERS

ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT

ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES

ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE

DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES

IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY

DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS

VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION

SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL)

ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK

DOCUMENTS EDITING

METHODS/TOOLS BY LeNS:

SDO toolkit: environmental system design orientationon-line use, free access:www.lens.polomi.itfree download open: www.lens.polimi.it > tools

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3.2 system design for eco efficiency vezzoli-13-14

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