323-1051-101G GUI Network Element Description

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NTN465BE 323-1051-101G

SONET Transmission Products

S/DMS TransportNodeOC-3 Express and Express CXGUI Network Element Description

Standard Doc Issue 5 November 1998

Whats inside...

Network element overview

Shelf and circuit packs

Circuit pack descriptions

DS1 and EIM signal flow and protection switching

Equipment and facility provisioning

DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection switching

Technical specifications
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1997-1998 Northern TelecomAll rights reserved

All information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Northern Telecom reserves the right to make

changes to equipment design or program components, as progress in engineering, manufacturing methods, or other circumstances

may warrant.

Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation. S/DMS TransportNode, Nortel, and the Nortel logo are trademarks of Northern

Telecom. Windows 95 and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. VT100 is a trademark of Digital Equipment

Corporation.

Printed in Canada


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GUI Network Element Description 323-1051-101G Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

iii

Contents

About this document vii

Supported software releases viiTechnical support and information viii

Network element overview 1-1

OC-3 Express 1-1

Shelf capacity 1-1Shelf mounting 1-1

Software load and provisioning data 1-3OC-3 Express CX 1-5

Shelf capacity 1-5

Shelf mounting 1-5Autoprovisioning 1-7

Network configurations 1-7Bandwidth management 1-10

STS-3c 1-10Shelf communications 1-10Network surveillance 1-10

User interface 1-11System synchronization 1-12

Alarms 1-12Performance monitoring 1-14

System expansion and reconfiguration 1-14TID address resolution protocol (TARP) 1-15Inservice traffic rollover (ISTR) 1-15

Remote save and restore of provisioning data 1-16Local save and restore of provisioning data 1-16

Loopbacks 1-17

Shelf and circuit packs 2-1

OC-3 Express shelf overview 2-1

Shelf mounting 2-1Shelf cooling 2-1Power and tributary connections 2-3

Power brownouts 2-3Fiber optical cable routing and storage 2-3

Shelf security 2-3OC-3 Express CX shelf overview 2-5
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iv Contents

S/DMS TransportNode OC-3 MX and CX 323-1051-101G Doc Issue 5 Standard Nov 1998

Shelf mounting 2-5Shelf cooling 2-5

Power and tributary connections 2-5Fiber optical cable routing and storage 2-5

Shelf security 2-6

Circuit pack overview 2-7OC-3 Express core circuit packs 2-7OC-3 Express tributary circuit packs 2-10OC-3 Express CX core circuit packs 2-11

OC-3 Express CX tributary circuit packs 2-12

Circuit pack descriptions 3-1

Left extender (LEX) 3-6

Left input/output (LIO) 3-8Right extender (REX) 3-11

Right input/output (RIO) 3-13OC-3 Express shelf processor (SP or SPe) 3-16OC-3 Express CX shelf processor (SP) 3-18

Network processor (NP) 3-20VT cross-connect (VTX, VTX+, VTXe) 3-22

OC-3 interface 3-24Input/output (I/O) 3-26

Main transport (MTX) 3-28Protection switch controller (PSC) 3-30Protection switch extender (PSX) 3-31

DS1 mapper 3-32DS3 mapper 3-35

EC-1 circuit pack 3-36Ethernet inverse multiplexer (EIM) mapper 3-37

ILAN circuit pack 3-39

DS1 and EIM signal flow and protection switching 4-1

OC-3 Express 4-1DS1 receive signal flow 4-1

DS1 transmit signal flow 4-5EIM receive signal flow 4-8

OC-3 Express CX 4-8DS1 receive signal flow 4-8

Transmit signal flow 4-9

DS1 ports 9 to 20 4-9EIM transmit signal flow 4-9

DS1 autonomous protection switching 4-10OC-3 Express 4-10

OC-3 Express CX 4-10User protection switching 4-10
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Contents v


Equipment and facility provisioning 5-1

Extender circuit packs 5-1Protection switch controller and protection switch extender 5-1Working DS1 mapper 5-2

DS1 facility (working mapper) 5-2Protection DS1 mapper 5-3

DS1 facility (protection mapper) 5-3Working DS3 or EC-1 mapper 5-6

DS3 or EC-1 facility (working mapper) 5-6Protection DS3 or EC-1 mapper 5-7DS3 or EC-1 facility (protection mapper) 5-7

VTX module 5-7MTX circuit pack 5-8

Working EIM mapper 5-8EIM facility (working mapper) 5-9

OC-3 circuit packs 5-9End-to-end service 5-10

DS3 and EC-1 signal flow and protection switching 6-1

OC-3 Express 6-1

DS3 and EC-1 receive signal flow 6-1DS3 and EC-1 transmit signal flow 6-2

OC-3 Express CX 6-4Receive signal flow 6-4

Transmit signal flow 6-4Autonomous protection switching 6-5User protection switching 6-5

Technical specifications 7-1

OC-3 Express 7-1

OC-3 Express CX 7-7

Index 8-1
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vi Contents



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vii

About this document

This document provides a functional overview of the S/DMS TransportNodeOC-3 Express and OC-3 Express CX network elements. This guide includesthe following:

functional capabilities description

equipment and facility provisioning description

signal flow and protection switching description

circuit pack description

technical specifications

Supported software releasesThis document supports the software releases for OC-3 Express Release 4.0and OC-3 Express CX Release 1.1.

Who should use this documentThis document is for network planners, system administrators, and other

personnel requiring a functional overview of the S/DMS TransportNode OC-3network element.


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viii About this document


Technical support and informationFor technical support and information from Nortel (Northern Telecom), referto the following tables.

United States Regional Service CentersIn the United States, direct requests for information to the nearest regionalservice center.

For 24-hour emergency technical support

For assistance restoring service on equipment which has been carrying traffic and is out of service, callthe following toll-free number:

800-275-3827 (800-ASK-ETAS)

For technical support from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. ESTCall the following toll-free number:

800-275-8726 (800-ASK-TRAN)

Southern RegionNorthern Telecom Inc.

5555 Windward Parkway West, Building BAlpharetta, Georgia 30201

(770) 661-4050

Northeast RegionNorthern Telecom Inc.

200 Summit Lake DriveValhalla, New York 10595

(914) 773-2559

Central RegionNorthern Telecom Inc.

475 Martingale RoadSchaumburg, Illinois 60173

1-800-466-7835

Western RegionNorthern Telecom Inc.

5575 DTC Parkway, Suite 150Englewood, Colorado 80112

(303) 850-5600

Pacific Region (North)

Northern Telecom Inc.2305 Camino Ramon

San Ramon, California 94583

(510) 867-2091 or 1-800-456-0854

Southwest Region

Northern Telecom Inc.2221 Lakeside Blvd., FL 9

Richardson, Texas 75082-4399

(972) 684-1000

Pacific Region (South)

Northern Telecom Inc.300 North Lake Avenue

Pasadena, California 91101

(818) 584-2000

Eastern Region

Northern Telecom Inc.2010 Corporate Ridge

McLean, Virginia 22102

1-800-275-8726


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About this document ix


Canada Technical Assistance Service CentersIn Canada, direct requests for information to the nearest technical assistanceservice center.

For 24-hour emergency technical supportFor assistance with problems that can lead to payload-affecting failures or issues that prevent payloadprotection switching, call the following numbers:

800-361-2465 or 514-956-3500

For 24-hour emergency recoveryFor assistance restoring service on equipment that has been carrying payload and is out of service, call

ETAS at the following number:

613-226-5456

For non-emergency support from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.Call the regional Field Service Engineering (FSE) group in your Technical Assistance Service Center.

FSE West (British Columbia, Yukon, and

Northwest Territories)Northern Telecom Canada Limited

#410 - 13251 Delf PlaceRichmond, British Columbia V6V 2A2

(604) 244-4179

FSE West (Alberta)

Northern Telecom Canada Limited10235-101st Street

Edmonton, Alberta T5J 3G1

(403) 441-3193

FSE West (Manitoba, Northwestern Ontario)

Northern Telecom Canada Limited360 Main St., Suite 1400

Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 3Z3

(204) 934-7530

FSE West (Saskatchewan)

Northern Telecom Canada LimitedPO Box 770

Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 3A8(1867 Hamilton Street, 8th Floor)

(306) 791-7108OntarioNorthern Telecom Canada Limited

PO Box 3000Brampton, Ontario L6V 2M6

(905) 863-4181 or 1-800-684-3578

QuebecNorthern Telecom Canada Limited

9300 TransCanada HighwaySt. Laurent, Quebec H4S 1K5

(514) 956-3500

FSE East (Newfoundland)

Northern Telecom Canada Limited63 Thorburn Rd.

St. Johns, Newfoundland A1B 3M2

(709) 722-2500

FSE East (New Brunswick)

Northern Telecom Canada Limited1 Brunswick Square, 4th Floor

Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 4K2

(506) 632-8271 or (506) 632-8203

FSE East (Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island)Northern Telecom Canada Limited

1701 Hollis St., Suite 900Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 3M8

(902) 421-2306


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x About this document



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1-1

Network element overview 1-

OC-3 ExpressThe OC-3 Express network element provides transport for unidirectional orbidirectional DS1, DS3, EC-1, OC-3 traffic, or bidirectional ethernet traffic inlinear or ring configurations in a Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)environment. Rings can be interconnected through matched nodes for extra

protection of traffic. A typical application for the network element is a smallbusiness park, where the network element can provide up to 2016 phone linesfor voice and data communications. The simplicity and cost effectiveness ofthe OC-3 Express make it a logical choice for this small scale environment.Figure 1-1shows an OC-3 Express network element.

Shelf capacityThe OC-3 Express shelf transport capacity is 84 DS1s, 4 DS3s, 4 EC-1s,4 OC-3s, or Ethernet inverse multiplexer (EIM) mapper. For an overview ofequipment and facilities for each of these traffic types, see the chapters onsignal flow and protection switching and services.

Shelf mountingBreakers and local craft access are fully integrated into a compact shelf. Theshelf can be mounted in either a 19-in. or 23-in. bay. Up to four shelves can bemounted in a 7-ft TransportNode bay. Cabling can be routed either from therear or front of the shelf depending on the cabling input/output adapterspresent on the shelf.

In addition to rack mounting, the OC-3 Express network element can also beinstalled in OSP, wall mount, floor mount, panel mount and single shelfcabinet configurations. The 19-in. front-access shelf can also be installed in theNortel Express wall-mount cabinet.


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1-2 Network element overview


Figure 1-1OC-3 Express network element

EX0104

Tributaries, communicationsand alarm cables connect tothe side adpaters.

Heat deflector

Fiber storage tray

Circuit pack

Mounting brackets can be set

up for 19 in. or 23 in. bays


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Software load and provisioning dataEach circuit pack stores two copies of the software load for redundancy. Theshelf processor (SP) stores backup copies of all software loads for all circuitpacks. These copies are kept in non-volatile store (NVS) memory so the load

is not lost when the circuit pack is removed.

Provisioning data consists of cross-connects, shelf timing mode, timingreferences, facility parameters, performance monitoring (PM) threshold levels,telemetry byte-oriented serial (TBOS) connections, section datacommunication channel (SDCC) parameters, environmental alarms, anduser administration data. Provisioning data is stored in random accessmemory (RAM) and NVS, and is maintained when the circuit pack isremoved.

When a cross-connection is entered, the data must be written to every circuitpack with a processor that is involved in the connection. Every connection is

written to the shelf processor (SP) and both VTX circuit packs. The data is alsowritten to the appropriate OC-3 and tributary circuit packs; the protectionswitch controller (PSC) stores the DS1 provisioning data. Not every circuitpack stores the complete connection data.

Circuit pack Information stored

DS3 connected or disconnected 1WAY or 2WAY

EC-1 VT or STS connected 1WAY or 2WAY

EIM connected VTs 2WAY

OC3 VT or STS connected 1WAY or 2WAY

PSC (for DS1s) connected or disconnected 1WAY or 2WAYSP to and from AIDs connection type

VTX, VTX+, VTXe to and from AIDs protection type


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The remaining provisioning data is stored in the following circuit packs. Thedata is sent every time it is changed by the user.

The previous information assumes that all circuit packs in the shelf have thesame software release.

If the SP is restarted and there is a difference in software loads, the Loadsmismatch alarm is raised and no data is sent.

If a transport circuit pack is restarted and there is a difference in softwareloads, the circuit pack will auto-upgrade or downgrade to the same load asthe SP.

When a circuit pack is restarted or inserted, it obtains a copy of its provisioningdata from the SP. When the SP is replaced, it obtains its provisioning data fromall circuit packs in the shelf. When the SP is restarted or reseated, it sends itsprovisioning data to all other circuit packs in the shelf. When the NP isreplaced, it obtains its provisioning data from the SP.

Circuit pack Data stored

DS3 DS3 facility parameters, PM thresholdsEC-1 EC-1 facility parameters, SDCC parameters, PM

thresholds

EIM EIM facility parameters

NP NP-specific provisioning data

OC-3 OC-3 facility parameters, SDCC parameters, PM

thresholds

PSC DS1 facility parameters, PM thresholds

SP all provisioning data for transport circuit pack and

the network processorVTX, VTX+, VTXe shelf timing mode, timing references, user

administration data, and shelf data, for example,

TBOS, environment alarms, source identifier (SID)


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OC-3 Express CXThe OC-3 Express CX network element is a compact OC-3 SONETmultiplexer designed for customer premises applications. The primaryfunction of the OC-3 Express CX is to provide transport services at the

customer location. In most cases, the OC-3 Express CX is spurred off ofanother SONET multiplexer or is part of an OC-3 Express ring. TheOC-3 Express CX network element provides transport for unidirectional orbidirectional DS1, DS3, or EC-1 traffic in linear or ring configurations in aSONET environment.Figure 1-2shows an OC-3 Express CX networkelement.

Shelf capacityThe OC-3 Express CX shelf transport capacity is 12 DS1s, 1 DS3, or 1 EC-1in addition to the 8 DS1s found on the main transport (MTX) circuit pack. Foran overview of equipment and facilities for each of these traffic types, see thechapters on signal flow and protection switching.

Shelf mountingBreakers and local craft access are fully integrated into a compact shelf. TheOC-3 Express CX shelf can be housed in a wall-mount enclosure for customerpremises applications. The wall-mount enclosure can be installed on aplywood surface that has been securely attached to a wall. The wall-mountenclosure can also be installed on a 19-in. frame that has been anchored to thefloor.

The OC-3 Express CX shelf can be mounted in a 19-in. or 23-in. frame. Twoshelves can be installed side by side in a frame and up to five pairs of shelvescan be mounted in a bay. The OC-3 Express CX shelf can also be housed in acabinet.


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Figure 1-2OC-3 Express CX network element

EX0238_IS4

Fiber storage tray

Fiber channe

Fiber retaining clip

I/O module

Mounting brackets canbe set up for 19 in. or23 in. bays

Circuit packs


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AutoprovisioningOC-3 Express and Express CX circuit packs autoprovision when inserted inthe network element. That is, the network element automatically recognizesthe circuit pack, puts it in an in-service state, creates facilities (where

applicable) and puts them in an in-service state.

Once the system has been commissioned and tested, you have only to checkthe status of the circuit packs and enter time slot assignments. This reduces theamount of time it takes to provision a network element.

When you install spare transport circuit packs at a later time, the shelfautomatically upgrades the software on these circuit packs to the currentrelease running on the shelf. No user intervention is required, although eventmessages are generated and appear if you are logged in to the shelf as thecircuit packs are being upgraded.

Network configurationsThe OC-3 Express and Express CX network elements function as part of aunidirectional path-switched ring (UPSR) or a linear system. A UPSR withfour network elements is shown inFigure 1-3. A linear point-to-point systemis shown in Figure 1-4. Up to 16 network elements can be connected in a singleUPSR or linear network. For a description of the various OC-3 Expressconfigurations, see GUI Network Configurations, 323-1051-150G. For adescription of the various OC-3 Express CX configurations, see GUI NetworkConfigurations, 323-1053-150G.


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Figure 1-3UPSR with bidirectional traffic

EX0250

Tx Rx

TxRx

Tx Rx

Tx Rx

TxRx

Tx

RxTx

Rx

NE A

TxRx

NE D NE B

NE C


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Figure 1-4Linear bidirectional point-to-point system

EX0251

Near-endnetwork elemen

Far-endnetwork elemen

Legend

= Optical interface circuit pack

= bidirectional traffi

= protection t affic

Each network element in a linear point-to-point system transmits a signal along two paths, the working

path and the protection path. If the transmitted signal is lost because of a fiber break or network elemen

failure along the working path, the transmitted signal can still reach its destination along the protectio

path

Tx Tx

Tx Tx


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Bandwidth managementThe OC-3 Express and Express CX network elements support bandwidthmanagement at the VT1.5 or the STS-1 level. Time-slot interchange is possiblewhen a signal is carried into the network element on one STS or VT channel,

and is carried out of the network element on another STS or VT channel.

The network elements also support hairpinning on non-optical tributaries.Traffic can be brought into the network on one node, and immediately sent outof the network on the same node, without using any of the bandwidth availablein the network.

STS-3cOC-3 Express networks can transport concatenated STS-1 signals (STS-3c).An OC-3 network can be dedicated to the transport of STS-3c signals or canbe used to transport STS-3c and STS-1 signals. See GUI Provisioning STS-3cServices, 323-1051-360G for a description of STS-3c transport in OC-3

Express networks.

Note: OC-3 Express CX network elements do not support STS-3c.

Shelf communicationsA local VT100 (or VT100 emulating) terminal can be connected to the shelfprocessor RS-232 connector. A remote VT100 (or VT100 emulating) terminalcan access the network element if a modem is connected to the remote accessRS-232 port on the left input/output adapter of the OC-3 Express shelf or onthe input/output module of the OC-3 Express CX shelf.

Once an RS-232 connection is established to a network element (either locallyor remotely) the other network elements in the network can be accessedthrough the SONET section data communications channel (SDCC).

Network surveillanceThe network processor (NP) circuit pack, located in the OC-3 Express shelf,allows surveillance of all network elements in the NP span of control. It alsoacts as an interface between the INM Broadband and OC-3 TL1 ManagedObject Agent (MOA) and the OC-3 Express shelf for electronic softwaredelivery and remote monitoring.

When the OC-3 Express CX network element is part of a mixed configuration

with an OC-3 Express network element, the NP circuit pack provides aninterface between the OC-3 Express CX subnetwork and the INM Broadbandor operations surveillance system (OSS) or both. The features provided by theNP are made possible for the OC-3 Express CX network elements through theSDCC.


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User interfaceOperations, administrations, maintenance and provisioning (OAM&P) takeplace in either a Transaction Language 1 (TL1) session or a graphical userinterface (GUI) session. A user must have an account and a password to initiate

a user session. The following are some of the activities that can take place in auser session:

retrieval of performance monitoring information, circuit pack status andalarm status

provisioning of equipment, facilities and time slot assignments

user protection switching

retrieval of TBOS information

provisioning of performance monitoring thresholds

maintenance of user accounts and security

TL1TL1 sessions are command line based and require the user to enter TL1 syntaxonly. Simultaneous sessions with multiple network elements in a network aresupported. The TL1 interface is a good choice for experienced TL1 users whoknow exactly what command they want to execute.

A TL1 Help system identifies the next field in a command when users enter aquestion mark (?) instead of a parameter.

Graphical user interface

The GUI requires an IBM-compatible PC running Windows 95 orWindows NT. The PC is connected to the RS-232 port on the shelf processor.

The GUI is an intuitive, window-based system that allows the user to navigateusing a series of pulldown menus. The desired action is selected with a pointand click action of a mouse or some other pointing device. The GUI interfaceis a good choice for individuals who are not familiar with TL1 commands.


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System synchronizationEach OC-3 Express network element is synchronized by one of three methods:internal timing, line timing (tributary) or external timing (BITS). Internaltiming is provided by a SONET-compliant freerunning clock within the

network element. Line timing is a signal derived from an incoming SONETframe (OC-3 or EC-1) or an incoming DS1 signal. An external timing signalcan be obtained from a building-integrated timing supply (BITS) clock ofStratum level 3 or better. To use a BITS, the OC-3 Express shelf must beequipped with VTX+ or VTXe circuit packs.

Each OC-3 Express CX network element is synchronized by one of twomethods: internal timing or line timing (tributary timing). Internal timing isprovided by a SONET-compliant freerunning clock within the networkelement. Line timing is a signal derived from an incoming SONET frame(OC-3 or EC-1) or an incoming DS1 signal.

Both OC-3 Express and Express CX network elements use a synchronizationmessaging system that allows synchronization to survive a network elementfailure or optical fiber break. For a more detailed description ofsynchronization see 323-1051-310G, GUI Provisioning Synchronization.

AlarmsThe OC-3 Express and Express CX networks employ a variety of alarmsystems that alert users to numerous traffic, shelf and environmentalconditions. The alarms fall into the following categories:

circuit pack status LEDs

office alarms

user interface alarms

TBOS

environmental alarms

The following section provides a brief overview of the alarm subsystems. Fora complete description of these systems, see GUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing,323-1051-543G.

Circuit pack status LEDs

Circuit pack alarms are signalled by a status LED on a circuit pack faceplate.The status LEDs on the faceplate indicate whether the circuit pack is functional

or whether it requires maintenance. The circuit pack descriptions chapter liststhe status LEDs for each circuit pack and their significance.


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Office alarms

The OC-3 Express network element controls relays on the left input/outputadapter that can be used to activate visual displays and audio actuators in anoffice setting. The OC-3 Express CX network element controls relays on theI/O module that can be used to activate visual displays and audio actuators inan office setting.The displays and actuators alert office personnel to shelfconditions that require attention, and indicate the severity of the problem.Table 1-1shows a list of alarm signals. See the appropriate Shelf Setup Guidefor a list of network element office alarm connections.

User interface alarms

Network element equipment and facilities also send autonomous alarms to theuser interface (GUI or TL1). These alarms identify the equipment and, whereapplicable, facility where the problem exists, and the severity of the alarms(critical, major, or minor).

TBOS network surveillance

The network elements are equipped with a TBOS subsystem that facilitatesdisplay of alarms at remote network elements or remote TBOS monitoringsites. The TBOS subsystem is used to determine which network element isexperiencing trouble.

Table 1-1

Office alarm signals

Alarm signal Severity Description

Critical visual

Critical audible

Highest Indicates a service-affecting fault. Requires

immediate attention.

Major visualMajor audible

Medium Indicates low speed facility is affected.

Minor visualMinor audible

Lowest Indicates a non service-affecting failure.

Remote Indicates an alarm at a remote network element.


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Environmental alarms

The network elements can process up to 16 input signals from environmentalsensors. For example, water, humidity, temperature and smoke sensors can beconnected to the environmental inputs. When any of the input lines is madeactive by a sensor, the network element is alerted to the correspondingcondition. The environmental inputs can be retrieved remotely from anynetwork element in the network.

The network element also provides four relays that can turn power on and offto electrical devices such as heating equipment, lights, and air conditioningequipment.

The relays can be opened or closed remotely from any other network elementin the network.

Performance monitoring

The OC-3 Express and Express CX network elements support a performancemonitoring subsystem. The performance monitoring subsystem allowsthreshold levels to be preset for various parameters. The performancemonitoring system allows automatic reporting of threshold crossing alerts(TCA) and manual retrieval of data. See GUI Performance Monitoring,323-1051-510G, for a complete description of performance monitoring.

Automatic reporting of threshold crossings

The performance monitoring subsystem issues an automatic thresholdcrossing report whenever a preset threshold is crossed.

System expansion and reconfiguration

The number of nodes in a network can be changed while the network iscarrying traffic, with minimal traffic loss. For example, a UPSR consisting ofthree network elements can be expanded to four network elements. The systemexpansion procedures can be found in GUI System Reconfiguration,323-1051-224G.


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TID address resolution protocol (TARP)The TID address resolution protocol (TARP) is used by TL1 network elementsto convert TL1 identifiers (TIDs) into network service access points (NSAPs).An NSAP is used internally in a SONET communications network as a means

of addressing a network element.

TARP is a propagation protocol. TARP uses this propagation method with adistributed database (within TL1 network elements) of learned target identifier(TID)/network entity title (NET) mappings. TARP allows network elements totranslate between TID and NET by automatically exchanging mappinginformation with other TL1 network elements without the need for craftsperson intervention. No additional address provisioning is required at thenetwork element to support TARP.

TARP transparency is required for operations, administration, andmaintenance (OAM) interoperability between OC-3 Express network

elements and network elements that are not based on TL1.

Inservice traffic rollover (ISTR)Inservice traffic rollover (ISTR) provides the ability to switch active trafficfrom one cross-connection endpoint to another within the transport network.ISTR can be used for the tributary side and for the optical or line side of thenetwork. ISTR provides the ability to switch any endpoint to another endpointthat can service the cross-connect rate, regardless of the protection method ofthe endpoint.

On the tributary side of a connection, ISTR is used to consolidate traffic ontributaries when the cross-connect provides a bridging function. Without abridging function, traffic is lost during this operation. ISTR transfersbandwidth that has become fragmented, on to a smaller number of circuitpacks. Excess slots are released for use at other rates.

On the optical side of a connection, ISTR re-assigns bandwidth acrossdifferent STS and VT allocations as the network develops, changes topology,and changes line rate.


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Remote save and restore of provisioning dataBesides having an automatic, on-shelf backup of provisioning data, the OC-3Express also allows manual remote backup of provisioning data on shelfprocessors (SPs) to network processors and of provisioning data on network

processors (NPs) to external repositories.

Automatic, on-shelf save and restore of provisioning dataOn-shelf backup saves each circuit packs provisioning data to its non-volatilestore (NVS). A copy of this provisioning data on the circuit packs (DS1, DS3,EC-1, OC-3) and the network processor (NP) is saved in NVS on the localshelf processor (SP). A copy of the shelf processor provisioning data is savedon the VTX modules. When a power loss occurs, circuit packs can restore theirdata from their local NVS. When a circuit pack is replaced, its data is restoredfrom the SP. When an SP is replaced, its data is restored from the VTXs. Thison-shelf save and restore feature is performed automatically.

Remote save and restore of SP provisioning dataRemote backup of SP provisioning data saves the data on to its controlling NP(that is, the SP must be in the span of control of the NP on which its data is tobe backed-up). After receiving the appropriate TL1 command, the SP connectsto the indicated NP and sends it copies of its own provisioning files, the circuitpacks provisioning files, and the Performance Monitoring (PM) Thresholdfiles. Provisioning data that has been saved on an NP from an SP can beremotely restored to the SP through an appropriate TL1 command to the SP.The provisioning data of an SP can be restored from the NP to a different SP.

Remote save and restore of NP provisioning dataRemote backup of NP provisioning data saves the data onto an externalrepository. The external repository can be an operations controller (OPC), aUNIX workstation, or a third party operating system. Upon receiving theappropriate TL1 command, the NP connects to the specified externalrepository and sends it copies of the provisioning data files, including thosebacked up from the SPs. Provisioning data that has been saved on an externalrepository from an NP can be restored to the NP through an appropriate TL1command to the NP. The provisioning data of an NP can be restored from theexternal repository to a different NP.

Remote backup and restore are completely manual operations.

Local save and restore of provisioning dataSP provisioning data can be saved to, and restored from, the disk of a localPC GUI. This functionality is executed by a user only through a PC GUI. Alocal save and restore can only be executed if the PC GUI is connected directlyto the SP by RS-232 cable or by a modem connection.


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LoopbacksThe procedures in this book make use of loopbacks. There are two types ofloopbacks:

Terminal A signal received on the optical side of the facility loops backs

towards the optics.

Facility A signal received on the copper side of the facility loops backtowards the copper. This is the default loopback type.

Both types of loopback cannot be active for a given facility at the same time.The facility must be put in an out-of-service state before a loopback will bepermitted.

Refer to Figure 1-5for details on loopback types and resulting signals.

Figure 1-5

Loopback types and resulting signalsEX0386

Facility Loopbac

DS

Facility Loopbac

DS

STS equippedwith DS3 AIS

VT equipped with DS1 AISfor async mapping or VT AIfor byte synch mapping

Facility Loopbac

EC

AI

Terminal Loopbac

DS

DS1 AI

DS

DS3 AI

Terminal Loopbac

Terminal Loopbac

EC

Copy of signal on optics


28/122




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2-1

Shelf and circuit packs 2-

The OC-3 Express shelf consists of a rack-mountable shelf, a set of core circuitpacks, and optional tributary circuit packs. The OC-3 Express CX shelfconsists of a wall- or rack-mountable shelf, a set of core circuit packs, andoptional tributary circuit packs.

OC-3 Express shelf overviewThe OC-3 Express shelf houses up to 18 circuit packs and can be mounted ineither a 19-in. or 23-in. rack. The 19-in. shelf can also be installed in the NortelExpress wall-mount cabinet.

Shelf mountingThe shelf can be adjusted to either rack size by attaching different sides of themounting brackets to the side of the shelf(Figure 2-1). When the narrow sideof the bracket is attached to the shelf, the shelf is configured for 23-in. rackmounting. When the wide side of the bracket is attached to the shelf, the shelfis configured for 19-in. rack mounting.

Shelf coolingShelf cooling takes place through heat convection. (There are no cooling fansin the OC-3 shelf.) Air that is heated by the shelf electronics rises through thevents in the top of the shelf. This action draws room temperature air throughthe slotted floor of the shelf. This rising air cools the shelf electronics.

Note: Never allow the warm exhaust from one shelf (or any otherequipment) to vent into the bottom of another shelf. This causesoverheating of the circuit packs. This situation can be avoided by installingthe heat deflector that is provided with the shelf. See Figure 2-2.

An optional lower air deflector is also available. Attach the lower air deflector

when the OC-3 Express shelf is mounted above some other type of shelf thatvents warm air upward, and the OC-3 Express shelf and all the other shelvesin the equipment frame are convection cooled.

Note: Do not attach the lower air deflector if the shelf is mounted in acabinet with forced air cooling.


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2-2 Shelf and circuit packs


Figure 2-1Bracket positions for 19 in. and 23 in. rack mounting

EX0252

Figure 2-2Heat deflector

EX0253

When mounting on a 23 in. rack,

place the short side of the bracket

against the shelf.

When mounting on a 19 in. rack,

place the long side of the bracket

against the shelf.

The heat deflector sits on top of the

shelf and deflects warm air to the rear

of the shelf instead of letting it rise up

into the shelf above it.

NoteA lower air deflector is also

available. For simplicity, it is not shown

in this diagram.


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Power and tributary connectionsThe power and tributary connections are routed to the left input/output (LIO)and the optional right input/output (RIO) that extend through the sides of theshelf after installation.

Power brownoutsBrownouts occur when the battery voltage drops below -38 V dc. When thishappens, the shelf records the drop in voltage as an event that can be retrievedat a later time. The transport circuit packs stop sending alarm signals to theshelf processor during the brownout.

Once a brownout has occurred at -38 V dc, the shelf remains in brownout stateuntil the voltage rises above -42 V dc. The shelf continues to carry traffic,without alarm capability as long as the battery voltage remains below the-42 V dc brownout threshold. If the battery voltage drops below -37 V dc, theshelf fails and stops carrying traffic.

When the battery voltage recovers and rises above -42 V dc, each of the circuitpacks undergoes a cold restart which reinitializes the shelf.

Note: This occurs only if the battery voltage was above -42 V dc beforethe brownout.

Fiber optical cable routing and storageFigure 2-3shows optical routing and storage on the OC-3 network element.Excess fiber optical cable can be stored in a fiber optical storage tray mountedon top of the heat deflector. Optical fiber is routed along channels at the bottomand side of the shelf before it is wrapped around a series of clips in the storage

tray.

Shelf securityThe shelf can be protected from unwelcome tampering by use of a padlock.The padlock can be inserted in a perforated flange that protrudes through thefront cover when the cover is closed. Once the padlock is inserted through thehole in the flange and locked, the shelf cover cannot be opened and the lockcannot be removed from the flange.


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Figure 2-3OC-3 Express optical fiber storage tray

EX0095

Fiber storage tray

Fiber channels

NoteFiber optic cables can also be routed on the ight-hand side of the shel


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OC-3 Express CX shelf overviewThe OC-3 Express CX shelf houses up to five circuit packs and can bewall-mounted or mounted in either a 19-in. or 23-in. rack. The shelf can alsobe installed in the Nortel Express wall-mount cabinet.

Shelf mountingThe OC-3 Express CX shelf can be housed in a wall-mount enclosure. Thewall-mount enclosure can be installed on a plywood surface that has beensecurely attached to a wall. The wall-mount enclosure can also be installed ona 19-in. frame that has been anchored to the floor.

Two OC-3 Express CX shelves can be mounted side-by-side in a 19-in. or23-in. frame. The shelves can be adjusted to either frame size by attachingdifferent sides of the mounting brackets to the side of the shelf. When thenarrow side of the bracket is attached to the shelf, the shelf is configured for23-in. rack mounting. When the wide side of the bracket is attached to the

shelf, the shelf is configured for 19-in. rack mounting.

Shelf coolingShelf cooling takes place through heat convection. (There are no cooling fansin the OC-3 Express CX shelf.) Air that is heated by the shelf electronics risesthrough the vents in the top of the shelf. This action draws room temperatureair through the slotted floor of the shelf. This rising air cools the shelfelectronics.

Note: Never allow the warm exhaust from one shelf (or any otherequipment) to vent into the bottom of another shelf. This causesoverheating of the circuit packs. This situation can be avoided by installing

the heat deflector that is provided with the shelf.

Power and tributary connectionsThe power and tributary connections are routed to the input/output (I/O)module.

Fiber optical cable routing and storageFigure 2-4shows optical routing and storage on the OC-3 Express CX shelf.Excess fiber optical cable can be stored in the fiber optical storage tray that isfound between the two shelves on the frame. Optical fiber is routed along achannel at the bottom of the shelf and then wrapped around a series of clips in

the storage tray.


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Shelf securityThe shelf can be protected from unwelcome tampering by use of a padlock.The padlock can be inserted in a perforated flange that protrudes through thefront cover when the cover is closed. Once the padlock is inserted through the

hole in the flange and locked, the shelf cover cannot be opened and the lockcannot be removed from the flange.

Figure 2-4OC-3 Express CX optical fiber storage tray

EX0328_IS4

Fiber storage tray

Fiber channe

Fiber retaining clip


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Circuit pack overviewA set of core circuit packs must be present in each OC-3 Express andExpress CX network element. Optional tributary circuit packs are presentaccording to the tributary signals that are added and dropped at the network

element.

OC-3 Express core circuit packsThe core circuit packs form the heart of the OC-3 Express network element.They provide the intelligence and optical capabilities that allow the networkelement to communicate with other network elements. These circuit packsmust be present in a network element. The core circuit packs are:

left extender (LEX) with left input/output (LIO) adapter

optional right extender (REX) with right input/output (RIO) adapter

shelf processor (SP or SPe)

optional network processor (NP) for surveillance of all the networkelements in the NPs span of control

VT cross-connect (VTX, VTX+, or VTXe) (quantity of two)

OC-3 interface (quantity of two)

Figure 2-5shows an OC-3 Express network element equipped with the corecircuit packs.

LEX

The LEX connects the LIO to the shelf backplane. A mounting slot in the sideof the shelf allows the LIO to be mated with the LEX. The purpose of the LIOand extender is to provide

A and B power connections

tributary connections for DS1 ports 1 to 28

tributary connections for DS3 and EC-1 circuit packs in slots 5 through 10

modem connections for a remote terminal

alarm connections

The LEX and LIO must be in place and the LIO should be wired before any ofthe other circuit packs are installed.


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REX

The REX connects the RIO to the shelf backplane. A mounting slot in the sideof the shelf allows the RIO to be mated with the REX. The purpose of the I/Oand extender is to provide

tributary connections for DS1 ports 29 to 84 tributary connections for DS3 and EC-1 circuit packs in slots 3 and 4

tributary connections for EIM mapper in slots 7 to 10

an alternate path for the B power cables

Note: The REX and the RIO are not required if none of DS1 ports 29through 84 will be set up on the shelf and no DS3 or EC-1 circuit packs arerequired in slots 3 and 4.

Shelf processor

The shelf processor (SP or SPe) is the master processor for the shelf and is

responsible for all shelf communications and alarms. The shelf processor usesa diskless storage media for permanent storage of the software load and torecord the network element provisioning and history. RS-232 connections canbe made either to the shelf processor faceplate connector or to a LIO connector.

The SP supports OC-3 interface circuit packs in slots 11 and 12 only. It can beused for linear point-to-point and terminal applications only, and supports onlyDS1 and DS3 tributaries. The SPe supports OC-3 interface circuit packs in anyof slots 3 through 12. It can be used for any linear or ring configuration, andsupports all tributary types (DS1, DS3, EC-1, OC-3, or EIM).

Network processor

The network processor (NP) provides X.25, intershelf (ILAN) and centraloffice LAN (COLAN) capability. The ILAN supports the OC-3 Express4-layer OSI stack over Ethernet. The COLAN supports standard TCP/IP overEthernet, as well as TL1 applications. TL1 includes remote login capability toSPs in the NPs span of control. This allows remote monitoring of alarms inthe network. The NP also provides an interface between OC-3 TL1 ManagedObject Agent (MOA) and the OC-3 Express network element. This allowsTransportNode INM Broadband to communicate with OC-3 Express networkelements.

VTX, VTX+, or VTXe

The VTX, VTX+, and VTXe circuit packs must be installed after the shelf

processor, but before the OC-3 interfaces or any of the tributary circuit packs.This circuit pack performs the following functions:

provides shelf timing and synchronization

controls VT1.5 and STS-1 autonomous path switching

performs all VT1.5 and STS-1 cross-connects


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The VTX+ and VTXe circuit packs allow a building-integrated timing supply(BITS) to be used as a synchronization source and timing reference for theshelf. The VTXe also supports a stratum 3 clock. The VTX circuit pack doesnot support BITS.

The only visible difference between the VTX, VTX+, and VTXe circuit packsis the product engineering code (PEC):

NTN410AA for the VTX

NTN410BA for the VTX+

NTN410CA for the VTXe

Two VTX, VTX+, or VTXe circuit packs are required: one working circuitpack and one protection circuit pack. You cannot mix the VTX circuit packs inthe shelf.

OC-3 interface circuit packs

The OC-3 interface circuit pack converts STS-3 signals into OC-3 signals andand OC-3 signals into STS-3 signals. This circuit pack is also responsible forthe insertion and removal of line and path overhead. Protected linear systemsand unidirectional path switched rings (UPSR) require two OC-3 interfaces ineach shelf. An unprotected linear system requires only one OC-3 interface ineach shelf. In addition, up to four more pairs of OC-3 interface circuit packscan be installed in an OC-3 Express shelf to provide protected linear or UPSRtributaries.

Figure 2-5OC-3 Express shelf equipped with core circuit packs

EX0031

Left input/output Left extender (slot 1)

OC-3 interface (slot 11)

VT crossconnect (slot 13

Terminal shelf processor (slot 15OC-3 interface (slot 12) VT crossconnect (slot 14


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OC-3 Express tributary circuit packsAn OC-3 Express shelf can also contain various combinations of DS1, DS3,EC-1, EIM, ILAN, and OC-3 tributary circuit packs. The OC-3 Expressnetwork element can support up to 84 DS1 facilities, 4 DS3 facilities, 4 EC-1

facilities, 4 protected or 8 unprotected OC-3 facilities or bidirectional Ethernettraffic.

Protection switch controller

A protection switch controller (PSC) circuit pack must be present in slot 2 ofthe OC-3 Express shelf if any DS1 port is to be provisioned. The PSC isresponsible for the provisioning and maintenance of all DS1 circuit packs. If aworking DS1 mapper fails, the PSC switches traffic to the DS1 protectionmapper, which is in slot 3.

Protection switch extender

A protection switch extender (PSX) circuit pack must be present in slot 17 ofthe OC-3 Express shelf if any of DS1 ports 29 through 84 is to be provisioned.

If one of the DS1 mappers that contains these ports fails, the PSX under thecontrol of the PSC switches traffic to the DS1 protection mapper, which is inslot 3.

DS1 mappers

On the OC-3 Express shelf, working DS1 mappers can be inserted in slots 4through 10. Each mapper can support up to 12 DS1 ports. The DS1 mapper inslot 3 serves as a protection mapper for the working mappers in slots 4 through10.

Note: The DS1 far-end performance monitoring functionality is onlyavailable with the NTN430BA DS1 mapper.

DS3 mappers

DS3 mappers are inserted in pairs. On the OC-3 Express shelf, the workingmapper can be inserted in slots 3, 5, 7, or 9. The protection mapper is insertedin the adjacent even slot (4, 6, 8, or 10).

The DS3 mapper takes a DS3 signal and converts it to an STS-1 signal.

EC-1 circuit packs

EC-1 circuit packs are inserted in pairs. On the OC-3 Express shelf, theworking circuit pack can be inserted in slots 3, 5, 7, or 9. The protection circuitpack is inserted in the adjacent even slot (4, 6, 8, or 10).

The EC-1 circuit pack converts an STS-1 or VT1.5 signal to EC-1 and an EC-1to an STS-1 or VT1.5 signal.


39/122


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3-1

Circuit pack descriptions 3-

This chapter provides descriptive information for all OC-3 Express andExpress CX network element circuit packs. The circuit pack faceplate layoutis shown in Figure 3-1, Figure 3-2, and Figure 3-3. The following circuit packsare described in this chapter:

Left extender (LEX)

Left input/output (LIO)

Right extender (REX)

Right input/output (RIO)

OC-3 Express shelf processor (SP or SPe)

OC-3 Express CX shelf processor (SP)

Network processor (NP)

VT cross-connect (VTX, VTX+, VTXe)

OC-3 interface

Input/output (I/O)

Main transport (MTX)

Protection switch controller (PSC)

Protection switch extender (PSX)

DS1 mapper

DS3 mapper

EC-1 circuit pack

Ethernet inverse multiplexer (EIM) mapper

ILAN circuit pack


42/122

3-2 Circuit pack descriptions


The following information is provided for all circuit packs:

circuit pack function

faceplate layout illustration

special equipping rules (if applicable) faceplate LED definitions

Point-of-use power supply

Each circuit pack (with the exception of the REX and the LEX) is equippedwith a point-of-use power supply (PUPS) that converts the48 V dc officesupply to the specific regulated direct current voltage levels required for thelocal circuitry.


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Figure 3-1OC-3 Express core circuit pack faceplates

EX0032_R3

Breaker

Breaker

Mjr AlmDisabl

AC

ACO

LP

Critical

Major

Mino

Remote

Power

Status

Active

Reset button

RS-232 connector

Breaker

B Fail

LE RE SP or SPe

Reset button

Status

Out

In

OC-3 interface

Status

PRI Fail

SEC Fail

VTX, VTX+, or VTXe

Status

Active

NP

EX0032X 3


44/122



Figure 3-2OC-3 Express CX core circuit pack faceplates

EX0313_IS4

Status

PRI Fail

SEC Fail

MT

Status

Powe

Critical

Majo

Mino

Remote

AC

ACO/LP

SP

RS-232 connector

Out

In


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Figure 3-3Tributary circuit pack faceplates

EX0033

Status

Active

DS3 mapper

Status

Active

EC-1 circuit pac

Status

Active

ILAN circuit pac

Status

Link 1

Link 2

EIM mapper

Status

Active

PS

Status

Active

PS

Status

DS1 mapper


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Left extender (LEX)The LEX circuit pack provides

a signal path between the backplane and the LIO

a control and alarm indicator panel for the shelf circuit breakers (-48 V dc)

EMI filters

alarm relays

The LEX faceplate appears inFigure 3-1.

LIO connectionThe LEX extends the shelf backplane I/O connections and power rails to theLIO. See Left input/output (LIO) on page 3-8for a detailed list of signals thatenter the shelf through the LEX and the LIO.

When the LEX is installed in slot 1 of the shelf, a connector on the LEX alignswith a slot in the left side of the shelf. The LIO mates with the LEX throughthis slot.

ControlsThe front panel of this circuit pack contains a power breaker switch and analarm cutoff switch.

Power breakers

The top power breaker protects the A power rail and the bottom breakerprotects the B power rail. When the shelf is powered up and excessive current

is not being drawn on a power line, the breaker remains in the closed conditionand the breaker is in the In position. B power may also be connected throughthe right extender (REX).

If the shelf draws excessive current on a power line, the breaker trips and entersthe open condition, shutting off current on that line. The breaker jumps to theOut position. Power can be restored to the line by resetting the breaker, that is,by pushing the breaker plunger into the circuit pack faceplate until it locks inthe In (closed) position. However, if a breaker trips on its own, do not hold itdown in the closed position. If the breaker keeps tripping, find the cause ofexcessive current drain. Holding the breaker in the In (closed) position candamage the circuit packs in the shelf.

The breakers can also be used to remove power from the shelf. Pull bothbreaker plungers out in order to remove power from the shelf. If B power isconnected through the REX, pull the breaker plunger on the REX to removethe B power.


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ACO/LPT switch

When pressed, the alarm cut off/lamp test switch

turns off the audible alarms and causes all the LEDs on the networkelement circuit packs to light for a short period of time if no alarm is

present when the switch is pressed turns off the audible alarm and lights the ACO LED if an alarm condition

exists when the switch is pressed

Major alarm disable switch

When set to the On position, this switch inhibits the major visual and audibleoffice alarms. The intended use of the alarm is to inhibit major alarms duringthe circuit pack installation process.

Equipping rulesThe LEX must be inserted in slot 1 only. Since the LIO connects to the shelfthrough the LEX, the shelf cannot power up without this circuit pack.

Note: The LEX cannot be removed from the shelf until the LIO has beenremoved from the LEX.

Faceplate LED definitionsThe following table provides a list of the LEX circuit pack LEDs. See Figure3-1for the LEX faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs. See GUIAlarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed description ofhow to interpret circuit pack LEDs.

LED name Description

Power Shelf is powered when LED is lit.

Critical A Critical alarm condition exists for one of the circuit packs in the

shelf.

Major A Major alarm condition exists for one of the circuit packs in theshelf.

Minor A Minor alarm condition exists for one of the circuit packs in theshelf.

Remote An alarm condition exists on one of the other network elements inthe system.

ACO/LPT The ACO/LPT button has been pressed and an audible alarm can

be suppressed.


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49/122



Figure 3-4LIOfront access

EX0034

DS

EC-1

IN

OU

DS

DS

DS

DS

DS

EC-1

EC-1

EC-1

EC-1

EC-1

IN

IN

OU

OU

-48A

BRET

BRET

-48B

LEFT - FRONT

INPUT / OUTPUT

10

11

12

ln-1 ln-2 ln-3 ln-4 ln-5 ln-6


ln-1 ln-1 ln-1 ln-1 AC GN

J3 J4

GN GN GN GN GN GN

Out- Out- Out- Out- RE RE

AUDIBL VISUAL

NO NC NO NCCRITICAL CRITICAL

NO NC NO NCMAJO MAJO

NO NC NO NCMINO MINO

NO NC NO NCREMOTE REMOTE

RE RE RE RE RE RE

Environmental I/

TBOS

RS-232

1-28DS1

OU

1-28DS1

IN

Circuit packs in slots 9 and 1



Legend

EX 34


50/122



Figure 3-5LIOrear access

EX0035




Legend

EX 35

DS

EC-1

IN

OU

DS

DS

DS

DS

DS

EC-1

EC-1

EC-1

EC-1

EC-1

IN

IN

OU

OU

-48A

BRET

BRET

-48B

LEFT - REA

INPUT / OUTPUT

10

11

12



ln-1 ln-1ln-1 ln-1RMT

AC

GN

GN GN GN GN GN GN

BITS

OUTB

BITS

OUTA

BITS

INBt

BITS

INAt

GN GN

BITS

OUTB

BITS

OUTA

BITS

INBr

BITS

INAr

GN GN

Out- Out- Out- Out-RE RE

VISUAL AUDIBL

NC NO NC NOCRITICAL CRITICAL

NC NO NC NOMAJO MAJO

NC NO NC NOMINO MINO

NC NO NC NOREMOTE REMOTE

BRET BRET BRET BRET BRET BRET

TBOS

RS-232

DT

1-28DS1

OU

1-28DS1

IN


51/122



Right extender (REX)The REX circuit pack provides a signal path between the backplane and theRIO. The REX faceplate appears inFigure 3-1. The extender accepts both thefront and rear access I/Os.

RIO connectionThe REX extends the shelf backplane communications bus, tributary signalbus, and power rails to the RIO. See Right input/output (RIO) on page 3-13fora detailed list of signals that enter the shelf through the REX and the RIO.

When the REX is installed in slot 18 of the shelf, a connector on the REXaligns with a slot in the right side of the shelf. The RIO mates with the REXthrough this slot.

ControlsThe front panel of this circuit pack contains a power breaker switch for the B

power cables. (The B power cables can be connected to either the LEX or theREX.)

Power breakers

The power breaker protects the B power rail. When the shelf is powered up andexcessive current is not being drawn on the B power line, the breaker remainsin the closed condition and the breaker is in the In position.

If the shelf draws excessive current on the B power line, the breaker trips andenters the open condition, shutting off current on the B line. The breaker jumpsto the Out position. Power can be restored to the line by resetting the breaker,that is, by pushing the breaker plunger into the circuit pack faceplate until itlocks in the In (closed) position. However, if a breaker trips on its own, do nothold it down in the closed position. If the breaker keeps tripping, find the causeof excessive current drain. Holding the breaker in the In (closed) position candamage the circuit packs in the shelf.

The breaker can also be used to remove B power from the shelf. Pull thebreaker plunger out to remove B power. Pull the breaker plunger on the LEXto remove A power.

Equipping rulesThe REX must be inserted in slot 18 only.

Note:The REX cannot be removed from the shelf until the RIO has beenremoved from the REX.


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Faceplate LED definitionsThe following table describes the REX circuit pack LED. See Figure 3-1forthe LEX faceplate layout showing the location of the LED. See GUI Alarm andTrouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed description of how to

interpret circuit pack LEDs.

LED Description

B Fail The B power breaker has tripped.


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Right input/output (RIO)The RIO is a printed circuit board containing connections for the following:

B shelf power (only if the B connections are not used on the LIO)

DS1 tributaries (ports 29 through 84) DS3 or EC-1 tributaries (slots 3 and 4)

X.25 cable

intershelf LAN cables 1 and 2

COLAN cable

EIM mapper

The RIO is one of the physical connection points of the OC-3 Express shelf tothe external world. It must be installed and cabled before DS1 tributary traffic(through ports 29 through 84) and DS3 and EC-1 tributary traffic (through slots

3 and 4) can move in and out of the shelf.

This adapter is available in two versions: front access and rear access. Thefront access version connects to the shelf with the cable connectors facing thefront of the shelf. The rear access version connects to the shelf with the cableconnectors facing the rear of the shelf.

Note: If there are two I/O adapters (right and left) on the shelf, both mustbe front access or both must be rear access.

The RIO mates with the REX through one of two slots in the right side of theOC-3 shelf. Once the adapter has been mated with the REX, it can be bolted to

the side of the shelf.

ConnectorsThe front access RIO connector layout appears in Figure 3-6. The rear accessRIO connector layout appears inFigure 3-7.

Equipping rulesThe REX circuit pack must be installed before the RIO can be installed. TheRIO can mate only with the REX, which must be installed in slot 18.


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Figure 3-7RIOrear access

EX0037

IN

DS

EC-1

OU

-48V

BRET

RIGHT - REAR

INPUT / OUTPUT

DS

EC-1

Intershf

LAN1

Intershf

LAN2

COLA

Legend

29-56DS

29-56DS

57-84DS

57-84DS

INOU

INOU

X2


EX 37


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Equipping rulesOn an OC-3 Express shelf, the SP or SPe must be installed in slot 15.

It is possible for a shelf to carry traffic and maintain equipment and path

protection switching without a shelf processor. If the shelf processor fails or isremoved, all communications and performance monitoring with the shelf areinactive.

Alarm LED definitionsThe following table provides a list of the SP circuit pack LEDs. SeeFigure 3-1for the SP circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs. SeeGUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed descriptionof how to interpret circuit pack LEDs.

LED Color Description

Status Red SP failure

Yellow Loss of one or more SDCC connections, and RS-232connection

Active Green In service


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OC-3 Express CX shelf processor (SP)The OC-3 Express CX shelf processor provides shelf level control, handles allshelf communications, and runs the system software.

The OC-3 Express CX shelf processor allows you to install the MTX circuitpacks in slots 3 and 4, as well as tributary circuit packs in the expansion slots 1and 2. The SP supports all configurations and DS1, DS3, and EC-1 tributaries.

TL1 sessions

TL1 sessions are hosted by the shelf processor and all TL1 commands areinterpreted by the processor. Once the commands have been interpreted, theshelf processor instructs the dedicated processors in other circuit packs as towhat action is to be taken.

An RS-232 connector (DCE DB9) on the shelf processor faceplate allows anSP to connect directly to a terminal.

Alarms and TBOS

Office alarms, TBOS and environmental I/O are under the control of the shelfprocessor.

The shelf processor monitors all circuit packs in the system for problems.When a problem arises in any area, the shelf processor registers the problem inits alarms database so that alarm can be retrieved by a user in a TL1 session.

SDCC

The shelf processor controls the section data communications channels(SDCC). All remote TL1 sessions use SDCC as the communications linkbetween network elements.


The shelf processor is equipped with its own point-of-use power supply(PUPS) that converts the48 V dc office supply to the specific regulated dcvoltage levels required for the local circuitry.

Equipping rulesOn an OC-3 Express CX shelf, the SP must be installed in slot 5.

It is possible for a shelf to carry traffic and maintain equipment and pathprotection switching without a shelf processor. If the shelf processor fails or isremoved, all communications and performance monitoring with the shelf areinactive.


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Alarm LED definitionsThe following table provides a list of the SP circuit pack LEDs. SeeFigure 3-2for the SP circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs. SeeGUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detailed description

of how to interpret circuit pack LEDs.


Status Red SP failure

Yellow Loss of one or more SDCC connections, and RS-232connection.

Active Green In service

Power Status Green Power is on. No breaker has been tripped.

Yellow Circuit breaker A or B has been tripped.

Critical Red A Critical alarm condition exists for one of the circuitpacks in the shelf.

Major Red A Major alarm condition exists for one of the circuit

packs in the shelf.

Minor Yellow A Minor alarm condition exists for one of the circuit

packs in the shelf.

Remote Yellow An alarm condition exists on one of the other networkelements in the system.

ACO/LPT Green The ACO/LPT button has been pressed and anaudible alarm can be suppressed.


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VT cross-connect (VTX, VTX+, VTXe)The VTX circuit pack performs the following functions:

VT1.5 or STS-1 cross-connects

VT1.5 and STS-1 path protection switching shelf timing and synchronization

The VTX+ circuit pack allows a building-integrated timing supply (BITS) tobe used as a synchronization source and timing reference for the shelf.

The VTXe circuit pack support BITS and a stratum 3 clock.

The only visible difference between the VTX, VTX+ and VTXe circuit packsis the PEC as shown inTable 3-1.

Table 3-1

VTX PECs

Tributary cross-connect

The VTX circuit pack is responsible for all bandwidth management on anOC-3 shelf. User-defined cross-connects are stored in VTX memory and the

VTX uses this information to assemble STS-3s and VTs (from the tributarymappers) into STS-3 frames.

Since the VTX stores cross-connects in flash memory, cross-connectprovisioning survives power outages.

Protection switching

The VTX controls all of the VT1.5 and STS-1 path protection switching on anetwork element.

Shelf timing and synchronization

The VTX provides the system clock to each of the interface slots in a shelf(slots 2 to 12).

VTX Type PEC

VTX NTN410AA

VTX+ NTN410BA

VTXe NTN410CA


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OC-3 interfaceThe OC-3 interface circuit pack receives and transmits optical signals andconverts them into STS-1 frames.

The central wavelength for both the transmit and receive optics is 1310 nm.

Optical transmit

The OC-3 interface receives one STS-3 frame from the VTX on the OC-3Express shelf. It then multiplexes the VT1.5s or STS-1s into an STS-3 framewhile adding overhead. Finally, the STS-3 signal is converted into an opticalsignal and transmitted on the optical transmit channel.

Optical receive

The OC-3 interface receives an optical signal on the optical receive channel.The optical signal is converted into an STS-3 signal and the path overhead isremoved. The STS-3 signal is demultiplexed into constituent VT1.5s or

STS-1s, and routed to the VTX.

Since the receiver sensitivity is 0 dBm, VOAs are not required for OC-3 optics.


The OC-3 interface circuit pack is equipped with its own point-of-use powersupply (PUPS) that converts the48 V dc office supply to the specificregulated dc voltage levels required for the local circuitry.

Equipping rulesThe OC-3 interface can be installed in any of slots 3 to 12. Protected linearsystems require two OC-3 interfaces in each shelf as do unidirectional pathswitched rings (UPSR). An unprotected linear system requires only one OC-3interface per shelf. The additional OC-3 interfaces can be installed in the shelfto provide OC-3 tributaries.

OC-3 protection switchingOC-3 linear protection switching is 1+1 non-revertive, unidirectional orbidirectional. If a fiber cut occurs in either the receive or transmit fibers of theactive fiber path, or the transmitter or receiver OC-3 circuit pack fails at eitherend of the active fiber path, traffic is switched from the active OC-3 transmitteror receiver to the standby OC-3 transmitter or receiver. Switching can also takeplace under user control.

For bidirectional protection switching, if one of the two fibers fail, traffic onboth fibers is switched to protection. For unidirectional protection switching,if one fiber fails, traffic from that fiber is switched to protection, traffic on theother fiber remains on the fiber. Both OC-3 interface circuit packs are active ifunidirectional switching and one fiber fails.


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Input/output (I/O)The input/output (I/O) module on the OC-3 Express CX shelf provides thefollowing connections:

A and B power

A and B circuit breakers

DS1 tributaries (ports 1 through 8)

DS1 tributaries (ports 9 through 20), and DS3 or EC-1 tributaries(expansion slots)

RS-232 modem connection for a remote terminal

TBOS

BITSOUT

environmental alarms

shelf alarmsThe I/O module consists of three circuit packs: a protection pack, a commonpack, and an expansion services pack. The protection pack and the commonpack are always installed. The appropriate expansion pack is installedaccording to the type of service installed in the expansion slots.

The protection pack incorporates all of the EMC protection and splitters. Thecommon pack provides the interface to the first eight DS1s, office andenvironmental alarms, TBOS, power terminal block, and breakers. Thecommon pack also provides a RS-232 port.

The expansion services pack provides the interface for the tributaries equippedin the expansion slots. The interfaces provided are for 12 DS1s and 1 DS3 orEC-1 BNC coaxial pair.

ConnectorsSee Figure 3-8for the I/O connector layout.

Equipping rulesThe I/O module must be plugged into the top of the OC-3 Express CX shelf.


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Figure 3-8I/O module

EX0310_IS4

-48A

BRET

-48B

BRET

DS3/EC DS3/EC

INOU

Breake

-48V

1-8 DS1 OU

1-8 DS1 IN

9-20 DS1 IN

9-20 DS1 OUT

Breake

-48VAU

TBOS4 WW Pin

72 WW Pins for

- BITS Out- Audible & Visual Alarms- Env. Alarm


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Protection switch extender (PSX)The PSX circuit pack houses all of the relays that perform DS1 equipmentprotection switching for DS1 ports 29 to 84. The relays are controlled by thePSC.

The PSX does not have its own point-of-use power supply (PUPS). It fallsunder the control of the PSC.

Equipping rulesThe PSX must be installed in slot 17 if DS1 ports 29 to 84 are being used.

Alarm LED definitionsThe following table provides a list of the PSX circuit pack LEDs. See Figure3-3for the PSC circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location of the LEDs.See GUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for a detaileddescription of how to interpret circuit pack LEDs.


Status (top) Red Circuit pack failure

Status (bottom) Green Protection in use


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DS1 mapperThe DS1 mapper circuit pack receives and transmits DS1 signals from externalequipment and converts them into VT1.5s within the network element. Thiscircuit pack is fully bidirectional.

A DS1 mapper can support up to 12 independent DS1 facilities(transmit/receive pairs). Each facility on a mapper can be provisionedindependently of the other facilities.

Note: The DS1 far-end performance monitoring functionality is onlyavailable with the NTN430BA DS1 mapper.


The DS1 mapper is equipped with its own point-of-use power supply (PUPS)that converts the48 V dc office supply to the specific regulated dc voltagelevels required for the local circuitry.

Provisionable facility signal attributesThe facility signal attributes for a DS1 mapper facility are provisionable. Eachsignal attribute supports multiple values for transmission factors such as cablelength, frame format and VT1.5 mapping.

Auto-in-serviceThe Auto IN Service (AINs) feature allows DS1 facilities to be provisionedwith a secondary state of AINS. While in this secondary state no DS1 (copperside) alarms are raised against the facility. The assumption is that the facilityis placed in this state prior to a valid signal being applied to the circuit. Whena valid signal is applied to the circuit (that is, no LOS, LOF, BPV, DS1-AIS)

and remains stable for the user specified time, the circuit then automaticallygoes in-service. Any subsequent alarms are then raised properly.

Note: The DS1 auto-in-service feature is not supported on the OC-3Express CX shelf.

Equipping rulesOn the OC-3 Express shelf, the DS1 mapper can be installed in slots 3 through10. The first DS1 mapper installed on a shelf should be in slot 3. Any DS1mapper that is installed in this slot functions as the protection DS1 mapper forup to seven working mappers. The maximum number of working DS1mappers that can be inserted in a shelf is seven.

On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, a pair of DS1 mappers can be installed in theexpansion slots. The first DS1 mapper is installed in slot 1. The second DS1mapper is installed in slot 2 and functions as the protection for the workingDS1 mapper installed in slot 1.


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DS1 protection switchingOn the OC-3 Express shelf, DS1 protection switching is 1:N revertive. If theDS1 mapper becomes defective, the traffic for all of the mapper facilities isswitched to the protection DS1 mapper. Switching can also take place under

user control.

On the OC-3 Express CX shelf, DS1 protection switching is 1+1 nonrevertive.If the DS1 mapper becomes defective, the traffic for all of the mapper facilitiesis switched to the protection DS1 mapper. Switching can also take place underuser control.

Alarm LED definitionsThe following table provides a list of the DS1 mapper circuit pack LEDs. SeeFigure 3-3for the DS1 circuit pack faceplate layout showing the location ofthe LEDs. See GUI Alarm and Trouble Clearing, 323-1051-543G, for adetailed description of how to interpret circuit pack LEDs.

Internal DS1 test generator and monitorDS1 circuit packs allow you to connect a test signal to a DS1 facility andmonitor a connected signal. The internal DS1 signal generator and monitor canbe set up for any facility on a working DS1 mapper. Before internal testequipment is connected to a DS1 facility, the facility must be put in an

out-of-service state.

The internal signal generator and internal signal monitor allow you to test DS1services without using an external test set. Testing consists of verifyingfiber-optic continuity and the operation of all the components in the DS1 signalpath. See GUI System Testing,323-1051-222G, and GUI Site Testing,323-1051-220G.

The signal generator can be set up to transmit a test signal in one of twodirections:

into the tributary This causes the facility to transmit a DS1 test signaltowards the LIO (or RIO).

into the network element This causes the facility to transmit a VT1.5 testsignal towards the optics.


Status (top) Red Circuit pack failure

Status (bottom) Green Carrying traffic


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323-1051-101G GUI Network Element Description

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