32972118 Urban Design Manual Part C Standards

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2010 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards C-1

Urban Design Manual

PART C –

DESIGN

STANDARDSThese Design Standards have been prepared in orderto assist developers and their agents in preparingdevelopment application submissions to the City ofKitchener. These standards assume ideal conditions.There will be sites where due to competing objectivesor the inherent limitations of the specific site, it will notbe possible to meet the standards. In such cases, thereader/designer should consult with staff to discuss thebest method of achieving the optimum design for therespective site.



C-2 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards 2010

Urban Design Manual

INFRASTRUCTURE,STREETS AND SITEDESIGN

1.0

PARKINGSTRUCTURES

Definitions

Footcandles – The standard used to specify themeasured intensity of lighting.

Illumination Level – The minimum level of illuminationfor the specified area measured on a horizontal plane.

Standards

Design Criteria - Ramps:

Grade - maximum 12%

Transition Grade – applicable to all ramps regardlessof grade and must be ½ of the ramp grade for aminimum distance of 3.66m centred on the transitionpoint, to a maximum of 6%

One-way Ramp Width - 3.04 metre minimum

Two-way Ramp Width - 6.10 metre minimum

One-way Curved Ramp Width - 4.57 metre minimum

Two-way Curved Ramp Width - 9.10 metre minimum

One-way Curved Ramp Radius - 5.5 metre minimum(inside radius) - Two-way Curved Ramps shall includea 0.50 metre centre median.

Curved Ramp Super Elevation - 0.10 metres/metremaximum (at the point of sharpest turning).

Design Criteria - Parking Areas:

Slope of parking area and aisles - 0.5% minimum, 5%maximum – Refer to Section 3.0 for Surface Parkingdesign standards.

Design Criteria - Street Entrance/Exits:

Distance from signalized intersection - minimum 65metres

Distance from unsignalized intersection - minimum 33

metres

One-way lane width - minimum 3.66 metres, maximum4.57 metres

Two-way lane width - minimum 6.1 metres, maximum9.1 metres

Turning radius at street - 7.6 to 9.1 metres

Angle of intersection at street and driveway – 70o

to110

o

Driveway entrance/exit shall be at grade with existingor future sidewalk.

Grade of entrance/exit shall not be greater than 4% fora distance of 7.62m from the nearest edge of thestreet.

The grade of the aisle ramp or driveway adjacent to aparking control device (gate, cashier booth, ticketdispenser) shall not exceed 4% for a minimumdistance of 9.1m on the approach to such devices.

Where a driveway entrance/exit intersects a street, anunobstructed daylight triangle of 4.57m x 4.57m shall

be maintained behind the property line on both sidesof the driveway. No visual obstruction is allowedgreater than 1 m over the traveled portion of theadjacent roads.

Pedestrian entrances/exits and elevators must bebarrier free accessible.

Design Criteria - Traffic Circulation:

In areas where traffic circulation may require guidancefor directional movement and where painted arrowsare not adequate to direct traffic safely or in anorganized manner for optimum site circulation, trafficsigns, delineators, markings or other traffic controlmeasures or devices will be required.



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Design Criteria - Lighting:

Horizontal Illumination Levels (Footcandles)

5 General Parking Areas

2 Roof and Surface * (see also Outdoor

Lighting Standards)

10 Ramps and Corners

20 Stairwell and Exit Lobbies

Uniformity Ratio

4:1 Average/Minimum

Lighting of parking structures shall:

• Clearly illuminate the interior of the structure and

allow the visual inspection of the interiors of cars.

• Provide uniform distribution to avoid dark areas

and shadows.

• Provide closer spacing of lower wattage fixtures

rather than fewer fixtures of higher wattage.

• Protect lighting fixtures from damage by using

wired glass or other suitable means of protection.

• Maximize natural light penetration.

• Provide vandal-resistant fixtures, easily

maintained, and repaired on a regular basis.

• Locate fixtures in order to minimize glare.

• Highlight pedestrian entrances with additional

secondary lighting fixtures.

• Paint all walls and ceilings white for greater and

more even illumination.

Design Criteria - Signage:

• Signs within the parking structure shall be well

illuminated, easy to read, and have a uniform

graphic design and include the following:

• Large safe-exit arrows shall be displayed on safe-

exit doors 1.5 meters above the floor, measured

from the centre of the arrow to the floor, with the

arrow pointing down.

• Designated safe-exit routes.

• Small safe-exit arrows prominently displayed on

columns or walls 1.5 meters above the floor,

measured from the centre of the arrow to the floor,

and located:

• At least every ten metres along the safe-exit

route.

• At all safe-exit route decision points along the

safe-exit route.

• Wherever a safe-exit route crosses a traffic

aisle.

• Alert signs are to be prominently displayed on

columns or walls 2.1 meters above the floor,

measured from the top of the sign to the floor,

located every 25 parking stalls in the garage,

evenly distributed in the structure.

• The following shall be coloured green:

• The safe-exit door.

• The frame of the safe-exit door and wall

adjacent to the safe-exit door to a distance of

one metre on either side of the frame, and to a

height of 3 meters above the floor or to the

soffit above the bulk head over the door.

• Signs shall be used to notify users of the security

measures in place (monitoring by security patrols,

closed circuit TV, intercom systems) or to highlight

locations of emergency telephones, intercoms or

panic buttons.

• All required traffic control signing (stop, yield,

crosswalks, etc.) shall be provided in accordance

with typical traffic engineering practice. The sizes,

shapes and colours of these signs shall conform to

standards specified in the Manual of Uniform

Traffic Control Devices (Ontario Ministry of

Transportation).




Urban Design Manual

Figure 1.1: Signage for Parking Structures



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• Information signs (entrance, exit, directional) and

regulatory signs (No Parking, Barrier Free

Parking, Fire Route) shall be clearly posted in well-

lit areas to enhance pedestrian and driver safety

and minimize confusion.

• Parking regulation and fee structure signs shall be

placed near entrances and/or at cashier booths.

• Colour-coding and unique graphics can help orient

users to locate parked vehicles quickly.

Design Criteria - Paint/Stain:

• All new or redeveloped parking structures shall

have the ceilings and walls painted or stainedwhite to enhance light reflection and brightness.

Design Criteria - Sight Lines:

• The garage shall be designed to minimize

obstructions to view. Glassed stairwells, elevator

lobbies and open ramps shall be used to enhance

visibility and minimize entrapment areas.

Design Criteria - Barrier Free Parking:

• Barrier free parking is to be supplied in all parking

garages as per the standards contained in Barrier

Free Accessibility, Section 5.0.




Urban Design Manual

2.0

ACCESS TO ROADS

Definitions

Access – The means by which vehicles are providedwith ingress from a public or private property to theroadway.

Commercial access – Provided access to a propertybeing used other than for a residential use of six unitsor less or farm or field uses. A high volumecommercial access provides access to facilities whichgenerate higher volumes of automobile traffic and/orheavy truck traffic, i.e. shopping centre.

Non-commercial Access – A non-commercial accessis one providing access to a residential use of six unitsor less or to agricultural land, including field accesses.

Radius – The curved outer edge of an accessconnecting the throat to the curb line.

Low Speed Roadway – One with a posted speed limitof less than 70 km/h.

High Speed Roadway – One with a posted speed limitof equal to or greater than 70 km/h.

Throat Width – Is identified by the minimum widthdimension at the intersection of the radius with theparallel portion of the access.

Standards

The following chart indicates the number and locationof permitted accesses for City and Regional roads.



2 0 1 0

C i t y of K i t c h en er U r b anD e s i gnM

an u al –P ar t C : D e s i gn S t an d ar d s

C -7

M

DfrASa

V

V

V

V

V

V

Minimum

Dimensionfrom AtGradeRailwayCrossing

(note 5)

8.0 m

8.0 m

13.0 m

13.0 m

150.0 m

150.0 m

Minimum

Dimensionfrom AdjacentHigh VolumeCommercialAccess

(note 4)

37.0 m

59.0 m

69.0 m

115.0 m

304.0 m

304.0 m

Minimum

Dimensionfrom AdjacentCommercialAccess

(note 4)

13.0 m

16.0 m

20.0 m

24.0 m

69.0 m

115.0 m

Minimum

Dimensionfrom AdjacentNon-CommercialAccess

(note 4)

7.0 m

8.0 m

13.0 m

16.0 m

37.0 m

59.0 m

Minimum

DimensionfromPedestrianSignals

(note 3)

33.0 m

N/A

65.0 m

N/A

300.0 m

N/A

Minimum

DimensionfromSignalizedIntersectingHighway

(note 2)

33.0 m

55.0 m

65.0 m

110.0 m

300.0 m

300.0 m

Minimum

Dimensionfrom Non-SignalizedIntersectingHighway

(note 2)

16.0 m

28.0 m

33.0 m

55.0 m

15.0 m

150.0 m

Number and Location of Access for City and Regional Roads

Number of

AccessAllowed

(note 1)

One

One

One

One

One

One

Notes:

1. Need must be demonstrated and approved where multiple accesses are requested2. Minimum dimension shall be measured from centreline of access to property line abutting an intersecting highway3. Minimum dimension shall be measured from centreline of access to centre of crosswalk.4. Minimum dimension shall be measured from centreline of access to centreline of adjacent access5. Minimum dimension shall be measured from centreline of access to property line abutting railway right-of-way

F i g ur e 2 .1 : N um b e r an d L o c a t i on of A c c e s s P oi n t s




Urban Design Manual

3.0

SURFACE PARKINGFACILITIES

Definitions

Parallel Parking – The arrangement of parking spacesin such a manner that the side of each vehicle isparallel to the travelled portion of the aisle or driveway.

Angle Parking – The arrangement of parking spaces insuch a manner that the side of the vehicle whenparked is at an angle to the travelled portion of theaisle, lane or driveway. Angle parking includes 90degree parking layouts.

Standards

Parking Areas:

• Slope of parking area and aisles – 0.5% minimum,

5% maximum.

• Driveways – maximum gradient of 10%.

Design Criteria - Street Entrances/Exits:

• Distance from signalized intersections – minimum

65 metres.

• Distance from unsignalized intersection –

minimum of 33 metres.

Design Criteria - Traffic Circulation:

In areas where traffic circulation may require guidancefor directional movement and where painted arrowsare not adequate to direct traffic safely or in anorganized manner for optimum site circulation, trafficsigns, delineators, markings or other traffic controlmeasures or devices will be required.

In commercial areas, right-of-ways connectingadjacent properties will be encouraged.

Design Criteria - Barrier Free Parking:

• Barrier free parking is to be supplied for all parking

facilities as per the standards provided in the

Barrier Free Accessibility section, Section 5.0.

Design Criteria - Parallel Parking:

• Width - 2.4 metres minimum

• Length - 6.7 metres minimum, except the first and

last space in any row, which may have a minimum

length of 5.5 metres provided it is located a

minimum of 1.5 metres from any intersecting road,

lane or obstruction.

• One-way Aisle Width - 3.7 metres minimum.

• Two-way Aisle Width - 6.1 metres minimum,

except where such aisle is designated as a fire

route in which case the Emergency Services

Policy shall govern.

• Where both parallel and angle parking are served

by one aisle, the minimum aisle width for angle

parking shall apply.

Figure 3.1: Parallel Parking Dimensions

Design Criteria - Angle Parking:

• The width of angle parking spaces shall not be

less than 2.6 metres. The length and standard

dimensions shall comply with the minimumstandards shown in the chart below.

• All aisles serving angle parking shall be restricted

to one way traffic with the exception of 90 degree

angle parking layouts.

• All angle parking spaces shall be plainly marked in

accordance with the approved site plan.



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Urban Design Manual

Figure 3. 2: Angle Parking Dimensions

Angle Parking Dimensions:

AN0 W L A M C

90 2.6m 5.5m 7.3m* 18.3m 2.6m

85 2.6m 5.7m 6.7m 18.1m 2.6m

80 2.6m 5.9m 6.1m 17.8m 2.6m

75 2.6m 6.0m 5.8m 17.7m 2.7m

70 2.6m 6.0m 5.6m 17.7m 2.8m

65 2.6m 6.1m 5.5m 17.6m 2.9m

60 2.6m 6.0m 5.5m 17.6m 3.0m

55 2.6m 6.0m 4.6m 16.6m 3.2m

50 2.6m 5.9m 4.0m 15.8m 3.4m

45 2.6m 5.7m 3.4m 14.8m 3.7m

40 2.6m 5.5m 3.4m 14.4m 4.0m

Legend:

AN0

- Angle of Parking

W - Width of Stall

L - Length of Stall

A - Width of Aisle

M - Width of Parking Module

C - Stall Width Parallel to Aisle

* - 6.7 m for Single Parking Row

Design Criteria – Curbing:

• In industrial areas, poured concrete curbing is

required to define entrances and where required

by the Storm Water Management Scheme.

Curbing will also be required to maintain the

integrity of the pavement due to drainage or

grading concerns and along all passenger vehicle

parking and circulation routes. Driveways for truck

traffic will have poured concrete curbing to a

minimum of 3 metres behind the property line

and/or at the start of the turning radii behind the

property line, whichever is greater, only when the

street is curbed.

• In all other types of development continuouspoured concrete curbing (15 cm high) is required

in the following locations:

• Around traffic islands minimum of 2.6 metres

wide (measured from back face of curb to

back face of curb).

• Adjacent to vehicular parking stalls and

landscaped areas.

• Defining vehicular ingress and egress.

• Sidewalks adjacent to vehicular parking stalls

and internal traffic routes.

• Barrier free drop-off zones and parking spaces are

to be flush with the adjacent sidewalk.

Design Criteria - Surface Treatments:

Hot-mixed asphalt, concrete or equivalent is requiredfor all areas on site except:

• Portions of industrial sites which are behind the

front facade and are not used for passenger

vehicle parking or circulation.

• Parking lots for City parks use.

• Fire access routes as per the Ontario Building

Code.




Urban Design Manual

Loading Docks and Vehicle Repair in the HuronBusiness Park:

• Loading/unloading areas and transfer areas shall

have asphalt or concrete surfacing together with acollection system to collect all oils, vehicle fuels or

spilt chemical products for all vehicle

servicing/repair and storage associated with

vehicles undergoing repair.

• The design and grading of all loading docks

should accommodate the anticipated size of truck

and required turning movements.



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Urban Design Manual

4.0

OUTDOOR LIGHTING

Definitions

Footcandle -The standard used to specify themeasured intensity of lighting.

Glare - The discomfort or impairment of visionexperienced when parts of the visual field areexcessively bright in relation to general surroundings.

Disability Glare - Glare which impairs the ability to seedetail without necessarily causing visual discomfort.

Discomfort Glare - Glare which causes visual

discomfort without necessarily impairing the ability tosee detail.

Direct Glare - Glare caused when excessive brightlight sources in the visual field are seen directly, e.g.:lamps which are inadequately shielded.

Reflected Glare - A term used to describe variousvisual effects, such as reduction of contrast, discomfortor distraction, produced by reflection of light sources orother bright areas in glossy or semi-matt surfaces.

Illuminance - (Unit: Lux) The luminous flux density at a

surface i.e., the luminous flux incident per unit area.(This quantity was formerly known as the “illuminationvalue” or “illumination level”.) One Lux is equal to onelumen per square metre. One footcandle is equal toone lumen per square foot. One footcandle = 10.76Lux. Vertical illuminance is measured at 1.5 metresabove ground level.

Lumination Level - The minimum level of illuminationfor the specified area measured on a horizontal plane.

Luminance - The physical measure of stimulus whichproduces the sensation of luminosity (brightness) interms of the intensity of the light emitted in a givendirection (usually towards the observer) by unit area ofa self-luminous or transmitting or reflecting surface. Itis measured by the luminous intensity of the lightemitted or reflected in a given direction from a surfaceelement divided by the area of the element in thesame direction. The SI unit is the candela per squaremetre (cd/sq.m.)

Standards

Effective outdoor lighting improves visibility, increasessafety, provides security and enhances the City’snight-time environment. Improperly installed lightingcan be extraordinarily powerful and create problems ofexcessive glare, light trespass, high energy use andskyward light pollution.

This lighting standard recognizes the benefits ofoutdoor lighting and provides clear guidelines to helpmaintain and compliment the City of Kitchener’scharacter and contribute to the safety and security ofits citizens and visitors. It is intended to reduce theproblems associated with improperly designed andinstalled outdoor lighting.

Design Criteria - Glare Control:

Glare is excessive brightness that causes discomfortor impairment of vision. Outdoor lighting must beaimed, located, designed, fitted and maintained so asnot to present a hazard to drivers, pedestrians oradjacent users by impairing their visibility or create anuisance by projecting or reflecting objectionable lightonto neighbouring properties. All outdoor lightingequipment and fixtures shall be properly shielded anddirected downward. Lighting sources are not to bevisible from adjacent properties or on-site residential

units. Glare control must be achieved through the useof cutoff fixtures, shields and the appropriateapplication of the fixture mounting height, wattage,aiming angle and fixture placement.

Design Criteria - Light Pollution, Night SkyControls:

Light pollution is considered undesirable and manypeople feel that it reduces the enjoyment of the nightsky. Effective lighting systems must be designed toeliminate direct and indirect skyward lighting. The Cityof Kitchener requires the use of full cutoff luminaries

that direct no light above the horizontal plane. For allarea lighting, luminaries should be used and equippedwith devices for redirecting light such as shields, visorsor hoods.

Design Criteria - Light Trespass:

Light trespass is the unnecessary illumination ofadjacent property. The City of Kitchener requires that




Urban Design Manual

the illumination levels at all property lines not exceed0.5 footcandles. Lighting complaints are frequentlydue to nuisance glare or excessive brightness in thenormal field of vision even though there may be no

measurable light at ground level, there is the complaintthat, “light is shining in my window.” Such concernscan be addressed by containing light within the designarea and carefully selecting, locating and mountingwell-shielded luminaires.

Design Criteria - Illuminance:

Illuminance determines the amount of light incident ona surface, measured in lux or footcandles. Illuminancelevels provide an effective method of measuring theperformance of a lighting design.

Illuminance uniformity is measured by the ratiosMaximum to Minimum and Average to Minimum.These ratios provide a measure of the consistency oflighting across a site and provide assurance that theilluminance is within a range that the human eye canproperly discern all objects in its field of view.

The following charts indicate the required illuminancelevels and uniformity ratios for various types of use.

Outdoor Parking Area Lighting Requirements forIndustrial, Commercial and Institutional:

MeasurementHorizontal

Illumination

(footcandles)

VerticalIllumination

(footcandles)

Minimum 0.5 0.5

Average 2.0 2.5

Maximum 7.5 10

Uniformity Horizontal Vertical

Maximum:Minimum 15:1 20:1

Average:Minimum 4:1 5:1

Gas Stations:

Light levels for gas stations should be adequate tofacilitate on-site activities without producing excessive

brightness. All light fixtures mounted on canopiesmust be recessed or flush with the bottom surface ofthe canopy. Areas away from the pumps used forparking or vehicle storage should be designed in

accordance with the Outdoor Parking Area LightingRequirements.

Area Around the Pump and Under the Canopy:

MeasurementHorizontal Illumination

(footcandles)

Minimum 5

Average 20

Maximum 25

Uniformity

Maximum:Minimum 5:1

Average:Minimum 4:1

Driveway and Laneways:

Measurement Illumination (footcandles)

Average Horizontal 0.5 – min. 0.2

Average Vertical 0.5 – min. 0.2

Uniformity

Maximum:Minimum 10:1

Car Dealership Lighting:

Automobiles are typically placed on display adjacent tothe roadway. The lighting of this area should meet theneeds of the business without producing excessivebrightness. The lighting should not compromisemotorists' visibility on the roadway or that of the

customer viewing the merchandise. The fixturesshould be placed between the roadway and themerchandise area such that cut-off and low-glareluminaries are aimed directly at the front row. Everyeffort should be made to minimize reflected glare off ofthe windshields.



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Car Dealership Display Areas:

Measurement

Display Areas

Adjacent to

Public Right-of-Way

All Other

Internal

DisplayAreas

Maximum

Horizontal

Illumination (fc)

20 10

Uniformity

Maximum:Minimum 5:1 10:1

Landscape, Façade and Sign Lighting:

Vertical surface illumination and accent lighting canprovide a sense of security and mitigate shadows andprovide important aesthetic benefits. All buildingfacades, landscaping and sign lighting should bedesigned to eliminate direct up lighting and preventglare onto neighbouring properties and roadways.

Submission Requirements for Outdoor LightingPlans:

For each site plan requiring the submission of anOutdoor Lighting Plan, all of the following must be

included to be accepted for review:

• Location of all buildings, structures, property lines,

parking, loading and amenity areas.

• Location of all lights, poles and transformer units.

• Illumination levels for all proposed fixtures

illustrating ISO footcandle curves at a maximum

interval of 0.50 footcandles.

• Power (in watts).

• Type of light source.

• Mounting height.

• Manufacturer’s catalogue information and detail of

the fixture.

• Pole foundation details.

• Full cutoff details.

• Shielding methods (where applicable).

• Aiming direction and angle of light source.

•

The identification of any light sources which wouldbe visible from 1.5 m elevation (above ground

level) at the property line.

• The following chart indicating illumination levels

and uniformity ratios as shown below:

Illumination Level

Measurement

Horizontal

Illumination

(footcandles)

Vertical

Illumination

(footcandles)

Minimum

Average

Maximum

Uniformity Ratios

Measurement Horizontal Vertical

Maximum:

Minimum

Average:

Minimum

• The following statement must be included on the

Outdoor Lighting Plan and signed by the design

professional responsible for the plan:




Urban Design Manual

• For a final submission, five copies of the Outdoor

Lighting Plan, folded to legal size or smaller are

required.

• The outdoor lighting design professionals are

responsible for ensuring no additional outdoor

lights are planned for the project or are illustrated

on other drawings (such as electrical drawings

showing wall pack lighting attached to the

building).

Design Criteria - Design and Maintenance:

All approved outdoor lighting is to be maintainedfor the life of the proposed development.

• NOTE: Variations from the standards shown may

be appropriate in some situations, provided that it

can be demonstrated through the preparation of a

comprehensive lighting design strategy having

clear objectives and a demonstration of how the

proposed design meets the intent of these design

guidelines and the goals and objectives found in

Part A of the Urban Design Manual.

This drawing indicates all existing and proposed

outdoor lighting fixtures for this development. The

proposed lighting distribution pattern will not cause

veiling luminance (disability glare) and there will be no

significant encroachment of light (0.5 footcandles or

greater) or objectionable glare upon any adjacent

property. Visibility of the proposed light sources from

any nearby residential sites has been minimized so as

not to create a nuisance.

Signature of Design Professional



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5.0

BARRIER FREEACCESSIBILITY

Definitions

Barrier Free Access refers to the continuousunobstructed access, connecting all elements andspaces of a building or facility. Exterior accessibleroutes may include parking access aisles, ramps,crosswalks at vehicular ways and barrier freeaccessible doorways at all entrances and exits.

Standards

These standards have been developed to ensure thatbarrier free access is provided for all newdevelopments and redeveloped sites. The Cities ofKitchener and Waterloo are committed to promotingand encouraging developments that are designed forall users. These guidelines were originally developedby the K-W Barrier Free Advisory Committee, who hasprovided preferred dimensions based on their personalworking experiences.

Designated Parking Requirements:

Designated surface parking spaces shall be providedfor use by persons with disabilities in parking lotsassociated with all public facilities and in parking areasserving residential, commercial, industrial andinstitutional developments. Hospitals and medicalcentres will be required to have additional designatedparking facilities.

Design Criteria:

Designated barrier free parking spaces for persons

with disabilities shall be provided at the following rates:

• Industrial – 1 space per 100 total parking spaces.

• Residential, Commercial or Institutional - 1 per 50.

• Hospital and Medical Centre - 1 per 20.

Right Angle and Parallel Parking Space Size:

Right-angle parking spaces – minimum width: 5.2 m,minimum length: 5.5 m.

Where right angle parking is proposed in multiples oftwo, the designated parking space may be reduced to3.9 m in width (see Figure 5.3).

Parallel parking spaces - minimum length of 6.7 m andminimum width of 3.9 m when adjacent to a flushcurb/sidewalk (adjacent sidewalk is to be a minimumwidth of 1.8 m).

Designated barrier free parking must be designed toachieve the following criteria:

• Adjacent to the barrier free entrance(s) of each

building and connecting with the barrier free path

of travel.

• Provide sufficient clearance around vehicles, light

standards and site furnishings.

• Located away from designated fire routes,

intersections or commercial loading zones.

• Located such that persons do not need to travel

behind parked vehicles.

• For shopping malls, large complexes or where

multiple buildings exist on a site, the required

number of designated spaces should be evenly

distributed to ensure available parking at all public

entrances.

• The entrance nearest the designated parking

spaces must be equipped with a power door

operator.

• Located as close as possible to a required

passenger elevator.

•

Provide a minimum vertical clearance of 2.75 m(see Figure 5.1).

• Asphalt within designated parking spaces should

be benched / ramped flush with the adjacent curb

or sidewalk.




Urban Design Manual

Figure 5.1: Vertical clearance at passenger loading zone

• Provide a level, non-slip, non-glare, textured, hard

surface.

• Designated parking space(s) are to be paintedwith the international symbol of accessibility. The

symbol shall be painted with yellow solvent-based

traffic paint on a minimum 1.5 m x 1.5 m blue

solvent-based traffic paint background.

• Landscaping and other design features shall be

used to prevent vehicles from protruding over

barrier free paths of travel

• Incorporate required designated parking signage

1.2 m above grade, 0.6 – 2.0 m from curb edge, or

on a building face within 2.0 m of curb. Signsmounted on moveable bases are unacceptable

(see Figure 5.4).

• Ensure that signage does not obstruct pedestrian

flow to adjacent areas.

• Provide directional signage in large parking areas

or for hidden parking spaces (see Figure 5.2).

• Signage may be obtained through the City of

Kitchener Transportation Division (519) 741-2371.

Figure 5.2: Sign pointing to designated parking spaces

for persons with disabilities

Figure 5.3: Sign Location for Multiple Parking Bays



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Designated Interior Parking Space Requirements:

• Where indoor parking facilities are provided,

designated parking spaces for persons with

disabilities must be provided on at least oneparking level with barrier free access to the

passenger elevator lobby through a door equipped

with a power door operator. The designated

spaces should be located as close as possible to

the barrier-free accessible elevator and have a

vertical clearance of 2.75m for use with personal

modified vans (see Figure 5.1).

Passenger Loading Areas:

Pedestrian loading areas or drop-off zones should beprovided at all main barrier-free entrances and connectwith the barrier-free path of travel. See Figures 5.4 and5.5. Pedestrian loading areas or drop-off zones mustbe designed to achieve the following:

Design Criteria:

• Minimum dimensions of 5.2 m width and 7.0 m

length. Where the passenger loading area is

adjacent to a flush grade sidewalk, the width of the

loading space may be decreased to 3.9 m (see

Figure 5.5).• A minimum vertical clearance of 2.75 m (see

Figure 5.1).

• Passenger loading areas must be visible from the

main barrier-free entrances and provide benches

or seating to the side of pedestrian routes so that

persons can see and be seen while waiting to be

picked up or dropped off.

• Located so that persons do not need to travel

behind parked cars and/or across a traffic lane.

• Located away from designated fire routes,

intersections or commercial loading zones.

• At building entrances, overhead protection such as

canopies or other structures shall be provided

where possible and have a vertical clearance of

2.75 m to allow for specialized transit use.

• Provide a level, non-slip, non-glare, textured, hard

surface having a slope of between 1% and 3%.

• Identify passenger loading areas with proper

signage so that motorists are not confused withparallel parking spaces.

• Provide directional signage in large parking areas

or for hidden passenger loading areas (see

Figures 5.2).

Note: Also see the Ontario Building Code for fire

access route design requirements.

Figure 5.4: Sign Indicating Parking Spaces for Persons

with Disabilities




Urban Design Manual

Figure 5.5: Passenger Drop-off and Entrances – Minimum Standards

Figure 5.6: Building Entrance, Parking and Drop-off Standards



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Sidewalks:

Sidewalks also refer to walkways and pathways for

this document. Sidewalks, curbs and grading are tobe designed in a manner that provides maximumassistance for persons with mobility disabilities withoutcreating hazards for persons who are visuallyimpaired.

Ensure that all grading of the barrier-free path of travelis less than 5% and that the landing areas adjacent tocurbs do not exceed 2% in any direction. Alltransitional grade changes on sidewalk areas shall beless than 3% wherever possible (see Figure 5.7).The minimum width for a sidewalk is 1.5 m. Thisallows enough width for two people in wheelchairs to

pass and also for the piling of snow along the edgeswithout obstructing pedestrian traffic flows during thewinter months.

Sidewalks must be designed to achieve the following:

Design Criteria:

• Provide barrier-free walkways between all barrier-

free entrances, parking, passenger loading areas,

municipal sidewalks and outdoor amenities i.e.

telephone seating areas, playgrounds, parks.

• Be a minimum of 1.5m in width and provide

sufficient additional space to accommodate

expected site furnishings, equipment and signage

so as not to restrict the required clear path of

travel.

• Where two sidewalks meet, they shall meet at the

same grade (i.e. no steps).

• Continuous slope shall be between 0% and <5%

with a cross-slope between 1% and 2%.

• Eliminate or minimize cross-slope on walkways

where the grade is greater than 3%.

• Where sidewalks have a slope of between 2% -

and 5%, provide level resting areas every 30 m.

• Rest areas are to be a minimum of 1.8 m wide and

2.2 m long.

• Slopes greater than 5% must be designed as a

ramp with handrails on both side (see Figure 5.9).

• Provide non-slip, non-glare surfaces for sidewalks.

Do not include exposed aggregates or ridgeswhich allow water or ice accumulation; poured in

place concrete with a broom finish perpendicular

to the path of travel (preferred) or asphalt.

• Provide textured surface at key locations (sidewalk

edges, road intersections) to indicate changes in

the path of travel.

• Flush curbs are required at all intersecting

roadways.

• Asphalt within parking areas must be benched /

ramped flush with the adjacent curb or sidewalk

• Where barrier free parking spaces or loading

zones are provided not immediately adjacent to a

main entrance, flush curbs must be provided along

the barrier free path of travel.




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Figure 5.7: Sidewalk Grades and Flush Curbs



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Ramps:

In circumstances where there is a grade change of 5%

or greater, ramps with handrails are necessary toensure a barrier-free path of travel. Ramps must belocated as close as possible to the most direct barrier-free path of travel and designed in a manner whichcompliments the overall design of the building and site.

Ramps must be designed to achieve the following:

Design Criteria:

• Ramps shall have a maximum internal clear width

of 1.1 m.

• Provide a level area at the top and bottom of aramp of at least 1.67m x 1.67 m.

• If a door is provided, the landing shall be extended

at least 0.6 m beyond the latch of the door

opening.

• Provide a minimum vertical clearance of 2.1 m.

• Avoid obstacles intruding into ramps (i.e. sandwich

board signs, overhanging shrubs/trees, etc.).

• Preferred maximum slope of 6%.

• Provide handrails on both sides of ramps.

• A handrail is always required at an elevation

change of 0.6 m.

• Provide landings where there is an abrupt change

in direction and at intervals not more than 9 m

along the horizontal length of the ramp (see Figure

5.9).

• Provide non-slip, non-glare surfaces. Do not

include aggregate or ridges which allow water or

ice accumulation.• Provide poured in place concrete (preferred),

asphalt or wood.

• Poured in place concrete ramps should have a

broom finish which is perpendicular to the path of

travel.

• Surfaces of ramps that form a barrier-free path of

travel shall have no opening that will permit the

passage of a sphere more than 13 mm in diameter

(see Figure 5.8) and shall have a slip-resistant,continuous and even surface.

• Provide colour and texture contrast at the top and

bottom of ramps.

• Ramps and landings which are not at grade or

adjacent to a wall shall have protected edges,

possibly combined with the railing design.

Figure 5.8: Grate Openings




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Figure 5.9: Ramp Design



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Steps:

In circumstances where there is a change in grade,steps are often necessary. In such instances the stepsshould be located as close as possible andperpendicular to the most direct barrier-free path oftravel. The stairs should be designed in a mannerwhich compliments the overall design of the buildingand its site.

Design Criteria:

• Provide a minimum clear width of 1.8 m.

• Treads and risers shall have a uniform rise and

run throughout a flight of steps. Rise shall be a

minimum of 125 mm and a maximum of 200 mm.Run shall be a minimum of 255 mm and a

maximum of 355 mm.

• Flights of steps should not exceed 1.5 m in height

between changes in level without a landing.

• Provide a minimum vertical clearance of 2.1 m.

• A cross-slope of 1% is recommended to ensure

that steps are well drained and do not allow ice

formation.

•

Provide a level non-slip, non-glare textured, hardsurface. Do not include exposed aggregate or

ridges which allow water or ice accumulation.

• Provide poured in place concrete (preferred),

wood or concrete pavers. Poured in place

concrete steps should have a broom finish which

is perpendicular to the path of travel.

• Provide colour and texture contrast at the top and

bottom of flights of stairs and on stair nosings.

(See Figure 5.10) Use a colour/lightness

contrasted strip, a maximum of 50 mm deep on

the leading edge on the tread and vertical face of

the nosing. Steps must be illuminated to a

minimum level of 10 foot candles.

Figure 5.10: Stair Design

• Nosing should not project. If a ‘shadow line’ is

proposed for decorative purposes, it should not

have a height exceeding 12 mm or a radius

exceeding 13 mm (See Figure 5.11).

Handrails:

Handrails are common site elements and should beprovided on both sides of ramps and stairways andmust be designed to achieve the following:

Design Criteria:

• Handrails should be provided at a height between

865 mm and 965 mm as measured vertically from

a line drawn through the surface of the ramp.

• At facilities used by children, a lower set of

handrails with a recommended height of 600 - 700

mm should be provided. Where handrails are

used extensively by both young users and adults,

a double set of handrails is suggested.

• Handrails should be a minimum 30 mm indiameter and a maximum of 40 mm.

• Provide a clearance between every handrail and

any wall to which it is fastened. Minimum

clearance is 40 mm, preferred 60 mm (see Figure

5.12).




Urban Design Manual

Figure 5.11: Stair Tread and Nosing Design

Figure 5.12: Handrail Design

• Extend horizontally not less than 300 mm beyondthe top and bottom of the ramp or stairway and

curve to the wall or post (see Figure 5.13).

• A minimum clearance of 1 m is required between

handrails.

• Handrails must terminate in a manner which will

not obstruct pedestrian travel or create a hazard

(see Figure 5.13).

Figure 5.13: Handrail Extensions



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Entrances and Automated Door Activators:

All main barrier-free entrances must be locatedprominently and designed to achieve the following:

Design Criteria:

• A textured floor surface should be provided on

both sides of doorways to alert those with visual

impairment.

• Barrier-free entrances should be sheltered from

the elements and located adjacent to designated

parking and passenger loading areas.

• Grade level fire doors and exits must be

accessible and connect directly with accessible

exterior, as well as interior circulation routes.

• Door openings should have a minimum clearance

width of 915 mm, with the door in the open

position (door handles, push bars, etc. must not

intrude into the clearance).

• Thresholds are strongly discouraged. If required,

a threshold should be colour/brightness contrasted

and be a maximum of 13 mm in height.

• Automatic door activators must be provided to

allow persons with a disability, parents withchildren, shoppers with full hands and people with

strength limitations easy access and exit.

• Automatic doors may be activated with either a

motion sensor, pressure plate or push button.

• Motion sensors are the preferred automatic door

activators. They should allow a minimum of 15

seconds before closing from a fully open position

(see Figure 5.14).

• Pressure plates should extend beyond the full

swing of swinging doors in a manner which doesnot require persons using wheelchairs or scooters

to back up.

• Large expanses of clear glass near entrances

must be marked with a colour/brightness

contrasted, continuous strip 100 mm wide, 1350

mm from the finished floor.

Figure 5.14: Motion Sensor Detector Zones

• Transitional illumination between exterior and

interior lighting conditions must be provided for

both day and night use.

• Doors and door frames should be

colour/brightness contrasted from surroundings.

Door edges and jambs should not be excessively

sharp.

• Where possible, entranceways should be covered

to keep snow, ice and rain off the front

entranceway platform.

• Push buttons to activate doors should be placed750 mm above grade on a wall, post or handrail in

a manner, which does not create pedestrian/door

conflicts. Push buttons should be able to be

located by vision or touch and be a minimum of

900 mm in front of the door(s). Push buttons

should be large square or round plates, at least

100 mm in diameter, with maximum colour

contrast for good visibility.

• All automatic doors should be integrated into an

emergency backup system.

• Automatic doors should be of lightweight

construction and easy to open in the event of a

power failure.

• Automatic swing doors require guardrails on both

sides if opening towards the operator. Guardrails

should have a second rail not more than 680 mm

above grade and a rail or kick plate not more than




Urban Design Manual

75 mm above grade (see Figure 5.15) Guardrails

are to be colour contrasted to surrounding area.

Figure 5.15: Required Guards at Out-swing

• Automatic swing doors must have sensing devices

to stop and/or slow door movements when an

obstruction is encountered in the path of the swing

door.

• Signage (i.e. international symbol of accessibility

for persons with disabilities) must identify all public

use accessible doors. It should be placed in a

prominent location indoors and outdoors,

preferably on both sides of the door(s), at a height

of 1.2 m to 1.5 m and be a minimum of 125 mm in

diameter.

Amenities:

Amenities such as waiting and rest areas,playgrounds, picnic areas, paths and trails are to beconstructed so that all users can equally utilizefacilities and be designed to achieve the following:

Design Criteria:

• Waiting and rest areas should be provided at

regular intervals of 90 metres along barrier free

paths of travel, as well as at drop off areas, bus

stops and telephone booths.

• Benches should be a minimum length of 1200 mm

and provide a space 1000 mm wide and 1200 mm

deep beside each bench for wheelchair or scooter

users (see Figure 5.16).

• Refuse and recycling receptacles should be

provided at appropriate waiting/rest areas.

• Gates and doorways are to be a minimum of 920

mm in width and should not occur at corners, turns

or congested areas.

Figure 5.16: Waiting and Rest Area

• Playground equipment should be designed to

provide barrier-free opportunities that encourage

use by all children. Similarly, surfacing materials

should provide adequate cushioning abilities and

allow barrier-free travel.

• All playground equipment must be approved by

the latest edition of the Canadian Standards

Association (CSA).

•

Play areas for children in public spaces must beaccessible to all children and their parents or care

givers. Whereas it may not be possible to have

complete accessibility to every item and piece of

play equipment in the play area, the play needs of

all children must be considered and design of play

areas must ensure access for both adults and

children in the play area.



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• When designing inclusive play areas, careful

consideration is to be given to barrier-free access

from the street into the play area and the

availability of rest stations and seatingopportunities.

• In water play areas, avoid tripping edges and

raised curbs to allow access by people using

mobility devices and use by children and adults

with visual impairments. Utilize colour/brightness

contrast.

• In water play areas, water-flow control devices

must be designed to be controlled, manipulated

and easily reached by preschool children and

children with disabilities.• Pathways should be free of joints that may cause

tripping or the “washboard” effect on mobility

devices such as manual and electric wheelchairs

or scooters. Joints should be flush, light and as

short as possible.

• Acceptable pathway surfaces that do not soften

with heat or moisture include:

• HL3 asphalt

• Concrete

• Well-compacted stone dust

• Consideration should be given to adult care givers

who may also be persons with disabilities.

• A minimum of 2 or at least 10% of picnic areas

within a site must be accessible.

• An accessible approach to the picnic area must be

provided from an accessible parking space.

• A hard surfaced path connecting the parking

space to the picnic areas and to other facilities (i.e.washrooms, water etc.) should be provided.

• Picnic sites should be within 30 metres of

accessible washroom facilities.

• Accessible picnic tables should be on hard, level,

well-drained surfaces. The bottom edge of the

table top must be no lower than 680 mm above

ground level.

• Trails should be a minimum of 3000 mm wide.

• Slopes are to be between 0% to 4% wherever

possible with a cross-slope between 1% and 2%.

• Slopes greater than 5% should be designed as a

ramp.

• Where paths and trails are sloped 3% to 5%,

provide level resting areas every 30 metres.

Resting areas are to be designed according to

Figure 5.16.

• Provide a continuous, hard, stable, non-slip, non-

glare surface. It is recognized that in naturalareas, softer surface materials such as limestone

screenings are acceptable. Other acceptable

materials include asphalt, concrete and wood

decking (boards to be perpendicular to the

direction of travel with spacing not exceeding 13

mm).

• Provide colour and texture contrast or a hand rail

to define path/trail edges and intersections,

changes in direction, building entrances, road

intersections and curb ramps .

• Appropriate signage must be provided.

Acknowledgements/Resources:

• Queen’s University at Kingston

• City of North York

• City of Peterborough

• Alberta Transportation and Utilities

• C.N.I.B. (Canadian National Institute for the Blind)

• Ontario Building Code

• Canadian Standards Association

• City of Mississauga

• K-W Barrier-Free Advisory Committee




Urban Design Manual

Figure 5.17: International Symbols of Accessibility

InternationalSymbol of

Accessibility forDisabled


Accessibility for

Visually Impaired


Accessibility for

Hearing Impaired

International Symbol of Accessibilitycombined with Service Identification Signs

indicate those facilities which are accessible



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6.0

PEDESTRIAN ANDTRANSIT SUPPORTIVE

DEVELOPMENTIt is important for all forms of urban development andredevelopment to be made more accessible by publictransit. The design of our urban areas has a significantimpact on people’s ability/willingness to use publictransit. While the development of high intensity, mixeduse development at nodes and along corridors makestransit use more attractive, there needs to be transitand pedestrian orientations on the streets which feedthose transit services.

Both the City of Kitchener and the RegionalMunicipality of Waterloo have sidewalk policies whichmay require either the installation of or the contributionof funds towards the construction of public sidewalksacross the frontage of property subject to adevelopment proposal. Please see current City andRegional policies for criteria and Engineering staff forcurrent rates.

Grand River Transit staff should be contacted in theearly stages of development to discuss what potentialroutings would be considered appropriate.

Standards

Arterial and Collector Roads are to be designedto be:

• Continuous across neighbourhoods, i.e. grid

pattern.

• As straight and direct as possible.

• A maximum of 800 metres apart

• Accommodate transit vehicles, including:

• A minimum turning curve radius for a bus of

15 metres.

• A minimum paved road surface of 9 metres.

• A maximum road grade of 5%, (this standard

may not be achievable in all locations).

• Accommodate all pedestrians by:

• Designing barrier free intersections and barrier

free transit stops.

• Ensuring a maximum distance of 200m to

250M between intersections.

• Having sufficient, protected barrier free

pedestrian crossing points (signalized

intersections and crosswalks) where warrant

criteria have been met.

• Eliminating reverse-lotted development.

• Orienting buildings to the street and to

pedestrian traffic.

• Locating buildings as close to the street as

possible.

• Locating parking lots in the rear or side yards

of development sites.

• Providing higher density and mixed uses along

arterial roads.

• Improving access between arterial roads and

internal subdivisions by providing more local

road access and midblock pedestrian

walkways.

•

Providing sidewalks in accordance with Citypolicy.

• Supportive of the efficient design of transit routes

by:

• Avoiding one way street systems.

• Avoiding bus bays.

• Providing a temporary bus turnaround at the

end of partially constructed roads.

• Ensuring that intersections of local roads are

spaced no more than 200 – 250 metres apart.

• Spacing bus stops 200 – 250 metres apart.

• Constructing collector and arterial roads with

standards for surface and subsurface

materials and depths that meet the needs for

bus traffic.




Urban Design Manual

Nodes and Corridors are to be designed in thefollowing manner:

• Develop compact pedestrian oriented nodes that

allow for the ease of use and access to transit by:

• Designing building entrances to be oriented

towards transit stops.

• Designing arterial and collector roads to travel

directly into the interior of the nodes, allowing

transfers between transit routes where

appropriate.

• Development should be oriented toward the street

and include:

•

Location of buildings as close to the street aspossible.

• Location of parking lots in the rear or side

yards of development sites.

• Minimizing the number of mid-block vehicular

access points that cross sidewalks.

• Minimizing long stretches of walls, berms or

solid fences along public roadways.

• Develop barrier free, pedestrian-supportive

amenities along streets as follows:

• Locate retail stores, service shops and

restaurants at ground floor level.

• Provide amenities to improve the microclimate

along streets with features such as: canopies,

arcades and landscaping.

• Provide sidewalks sufficiently wide to

accommodate bus shelters and waiting areas,

street tree planters, through pedestrian traffic,

and an area adjacent to buildings to allow for

“window shopping”.

• Sidewalk ramps and curb ramps are to be

constructed as outlined in Section 5.0.

Shopping Centres with transit facilities are to bedesigned to:

• Facilitate barrier free pedestrian access and future

intensification.

• Have at least one building face or the main

entrance adjacent to an arterial road.

• Have barrier free pedestrian access from the

public sidewalk to the main building entrance.

• Have on-site lighting to maximize pedestrian

safety.

• Provide pedestrian connections between

buildings.

Subdivisions are to be designed to:

• Facilitate barrier free pedestrian access to transit

stops.

• Provide sidewalks along both sides of transit

routes and according to the City Sidewalk Policy.

• Provide curb cuts at all intersections and

walkways including mid-block crosswalks and trail

crossings (where safe and appropriate).

•

Have barrier free pedestrian links to transit stopsprovided in either concrete or asphalt.

• Have the local road pattern provide direct

pedestrian access to transit stops and transfer

points.

• Provide for pedestrian safety and natural

surveillance of pedestrian links to transit stops

ensuring adequate lighting and year round

maintenance.

• Have 95% of the residences, jobs and other

activities / uses within 450 m walking distance of atransit stop.

• Have all multiple dwelling units (housing at a

triplex level and up) be within 300 metres walking

distance of a transit stop.

• Integrate neighbourhood features and public

spaces with bus stop locations.



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Transit Stop Waiting Areas and Shelters are to bedesigned to:

• Provide direct, convenient and barrier free

connection from the sidewalk to the shelter/waitingarea and to the bus loading and unloading doors.

• Provide sufficient lighting to allow for pedestrian

safety, surveillance and adequate site lines.

• Maintain adequate distance to adjacent streets

and driveways.

Figure 6.1: Typical Nearside Transit Stop




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Figure 6.2: Typical Farside Transit Stop



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7.0SCREEING OFMECHANICAL AND

ROOFTOP EQUIPMENT

This section outlines the requirements for thescreening of ground-based and rooftop equipment.The primary goals of the guidelines are to provide forthe full screening of equipment from public view and toensure that screening methods contribute to thebuilding design and streetscape.

Definitions

Mechanical equipment – Includes heating, ventilation,and air-conditioning units; compressors; pumps; and

other similar powered mechanical equipment.

Non-mechanical equipment – Includes flues; vents;hoods; satellite dishes; communications equipment;elevator and stair penthouses; access ladders; andother similar non-powered equipment.

Roof well – An open pit sunk below a building’s roofsurface.

Parapet – The portion of an exterior building wallextended above the roofline.

Screening wall – An independent screen, separatefrom a building wall.

Standards

Site Plan Requirements:

• The locations and dimensions of all rooftop

equipment must be shown on building elevation

drawings.

• Proposed methods of screening should be

provided. If independent or integrated screens are

proposed, material and construction details should

be provided.

• Sight line diagrams are required with building

elevations. Diagrams should show multiple views

to proposed rooftop mechanical equipment from a

1.7 m height at the curb of the opposite side of the

road from the property. Additionally, sight lines

from the front or rear face of any surrounding

residential properties should be provided. Views

approaching the property along all public roads

should be illustrated and take into account gradechanges. For properties in low lying areas,

screening options integrated into the roof design

may be necessary.

Figure 7.1: Locating this building’s rooftop equipment

away from the street and incorporating a continuous

parapet helps block the equipment from public view.

Design Criteria:

• Buildings abutting residential properties or located

on corner lots, at the termination of view axes, or

at other prominent locations will be subject to

higher rooftop equipment screening standards.

• Buildings shall have all rooftop mechanical

equipment screened from the view of vehicular

traffic.

Figure 7.2: Rooftop equipment on this building is

clustered near the centre of the roof, away from the

street and other public spaces




Urban Design Manual

• Rooftop equipment should be clustered and

located near the centre of the roof to minimize

visual exposure.

• The preferred rooftop equipment screeningmethods are roof wells, continuous parapets, or

articulated rooflines. If these methods are not

possible or appropriate, other methods, such as

partial parapets, screening walls, or dedicated

rooftop equipment rooms, may be used.

Figure 7.3: Rooftop equipment screening methods used

on this building include parapets, an articulated

roofline, and centralized location of equipment.

• Rooftop equipment and equipment screening

should be integrated with the building form and

shall complement the building’s design, materials,

colours, and architectural style.

• The back sides of parapets, screening walls, and

raised rooflines should be coloured the same as

the front side when visible from public view.

Figure 7.4: Rooftop mechanical equipment for this

building is hidden by a screening wall that is integrated

with the building design. The screening also articulates

the roof elevation.

Design Criteria for Various Building Types:

• For low-rise buildings (3 storeys or less), rooftop

mechanical equipment shall be fully screened.

Figure 7.5: The peaked roof of this low-rise buildingscreens all rooftop equipment and helps define the

intersection where the building is situated.

• For all mid-rise (4-8 storeys) and high-rise (above

8 storeys) buildings, rooftop mechanical

equipment shall be fully screened from the public

view at street level.

• Rooftop equipment screening for mid-rise and

high-rise buildings shall contribute to an attractive

skyline and the view from surrounding mid- and

high-rise buildings must be considered.

• Large mechanical equipment, including

refrigeration units for commercial, institutional and

recreational buildings should be incorporated into

the building design or, alternatively, screened with

the appropriate materials.

• Significant heritage buildings shall have all rooftop

equipment fully screened and/or integrated into

the building in a way that respects and

complements the building’s heritage and

architectural features.

• Civic buildings shall have all rooftop mechanical

equipment fully integrated into building design.



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Figure 7.6: The sloped roof of this civic building fully

screens rooftop mechanical equipment and creates an

attractive roofline.

• Commercial buildings including gas stations shall

have all rooftop mechanical equipment fully

screened. Parapets, detailed cornices, and/or

articulated rooflines that enhance the building

design should be incorporated, particularly for gas

stations located at major intersections.

Figure 7.7: The rooftop equipment on this corner gas

station is not screened and is visible from public view.

Figure 7.8: Although the rooftop equipment on this gas

station is fully screened with materials matching the

building, the enclosure is not well-integrated with the

building form.

Figure 7.9: The articulated roofline on this gas station

and car wash fully screens rooftop mechanical

equipment and helps create an attractive building

design.

Design Criteria for Screening Ground-basedMechanical and Non-mechanical Equipment:

• The location of all ground-based mechanical and

non-mechanical equipment must be illustrated on

the landscape plan and, if fencing is required, also

on the site plan.

• Many types of ground based equipment will

require appropriate screening not only to addressviews into the site from the public realm but also to

provide a buffer between uses within the site e.g.

screening communal ground-based air conditioner

units from private amenity spaces.

• Solar panels and similar equipment are not subject

to screening requirements.




Urban Design Manual

8.0

PRIVATE STREETNAMING AND

ADDRESSING

Naming of roadways within, for example, privateresidential or commercial developments may be in thein the interest of providing clear locational informationto emergency service providers and the general public.Private roadway naming requests may be permittedand will be evaluated on a case by case basis at thediscretion of the City’s General Manager ofDevelopment and Technical Services.

Design Criteria for the Naming of Private Streets:

The policies which apply to the naming and addressingof City streets will be used as a guideline for namingand addressing of private roadways – see CouncilPolicy I-1147 Street Naming, Addressing, Multiple UnitIdentification Signs, Address / Street Name Change.

A reference plan illustrating the extents of theproposed private roads and a by-law authorizing theroad naming will be required. The design and locationof all signage for any proposed private roadway will beto the satisfaction of the City’s Director ofTransportation and the City’s Supervisor of Site PlanDevelopment and at the sole expense of the

developer.



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9.0

EMERGENCY SERVICEPOLICY – FIRE FLOW

ANALYSIS REPORT,FIRE ROUTE PLAN,MULTIPLE UNITIDENTIFICATION

The City of Kitchener has a Council approvedEmergency Services Policy in place which addressessuch issues related to site development as standardsfor fire access routes, criteria for determining sufficientwater supply and specifications for multiple unitidentification signage. This policy is available on the

City of Kitchener website or through the Department ofDevelopment and Technical Services




Urban Design Manual

10.0

MULTIPLE

RESIDENTIAL

Definitions

Cluster Townhouse – means a multiple dwellingdivided vertically into three or more townhouses bycommon walls which prevent internal access betweenunits. This shall not include a street townhouse.

Multiple Residential – a building containing three ormore dwelling units.

Standards

Lot and Building Dimensions:

Design Criteria:

The following dimensions are standards for clustertownhouse and multiple residential developments(letters refer to corresponding dimensions on Figure10.1):

• Rear yard depth - minimum 7.5 metres 1 and 2

storey 10.0 m for more than 2 storeys exposed.(A)

• Exclusive use of patio area - minimum 11.0 square

metres, including patios and decks but not

including stairs. (B)

• Front yard depth - minimum 4.5 metres (from curb

or walkway edge). (C)

• Driveway length - minimum 5.5 metres (between

garage and curb or walkway edge). (D)

• Sidewalk - minimum width of 1.5 metres - 1.8

metres where parking is adjacent. Sidewalks shall

be required along at least one side and possibly

both sides of the internal road pattern and be fully

accessible with flush curbs provided at all corners

and crossing points throughout the development

and leading to the municipal sidewalk. (E)

• Separation distance between end of building and

rear wall of closest adjacent building - minimum

10.0 metres. (F)

• Separation distance between buildings - minimum3.0 metres. (G)

• Separation distance between the end of buildings

where walkways are located between - minimum

4.8 metres. (H)

• Separation distance between end of building block

having windows to habitable rooms and parking

areas - minimum 6.0 metres, and 1.5 metres

where there is no opening or window to habitable

room. (I)

• Roadway width for multiple residential and cluster

townhouse projects - minimum 6.1 metres two way

traffic, minimum 3.66 meters one way traffic. For

these roadways a minimum centerline radius of

12.0m is required to accommodate emergency

vehicles (J)

• Setback to rear property line for each unit having a

deck height 0.6 m and greater - minimum 4.0

metres. (K)

• Setback to rear property line for each unit having a

deck height less than 0.6m - minimum 1.5 metres.

(L)

• Side yard setback between end of building and

curb or walkway - minimum 3.0 metres. (M)

• The preferred number of dwelling units should

range between 4-6 units within a block. Additional

units to a maximum of 8 units per block may be

considered subject to providing appropriate

enhanced design details. (N)

•

Increase rear yard set-back to 10 metres for 3storey units backing onto single detached

properties.

Refer to the following diagram illustrating thespecifications for designing cluster townhousedevelopments.



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2009 City of Kitchener, Urban Design Standards and Policies C-39

Urban Design Manual

Figure 10.1: Required Dimensions for Cluster Townhouse Development



C-40 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual 2010

Urban Design Manual

11.0

OUTDOOR AMENITYAREAS - MULTIPLE

RESIDENTIAL ANDINSTITUTIONALDEVELOPMENTS

Standards

An outdoor amenity area shall be provided for allresidential and institutional developments having aresidential component that contains more than either20 residents or 20 dwelling units and provide aminimum of 2.0 square metres of common outdooramenity space at ground level for either each resident

or each dwelling unit.

Notwithstanding the above, each residential orinstitutional development having a residentialcomponent shall have a minimum of 40.0 squaremetres of outdoor amenity area.

Amenity Areas:

Design Criteria:

• Outdoor amenity areas are to be in close

proximity, and have visual and barrier free accessto an interior common room(s) and barrier free

washroom(s) for easy access, safety and security.

• Provide amenity areas adjacent to a street where

appropriate and within reasonable noise levels to

allow for viewing of street activities and natural

surveillance.

• Provide a balance of sun, shade and shelter from

the wind.

• Locate away from loading or service areas of the

building.

• Provide a barrier-free walkway connection to all

ground level entrances including fire exits.

• Provide a variety of seating arrangements and

activities.

• Provide adequate site lighting.

• Provide a usable configuration for the amenity

area.

• Provide a defined pedestrian access to the

amenity area to ensure safety from vehiculartraffic.

• Provide barrier free parking for residents and

visitors adjacent to an accessible entrance.



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12.0

OUTDOOR PLAYAREAS FOR

CHILDREN

Definitions

Play Space – An area at ground level which must beset aside and developed within a site as a coherentpart of the multiple residential development. A playspace is used by toddlers and preschoolers (tot lot)and school-age children (play area), and teens (hardsurface court). Barrier free play spaces should be on-site, easily accessible to user groups and be separatefrom City parks and sports facilities.

Standards

Play Space Requirements:

Design Criteria:

Where outdoor play space is proposed for a multipleresidential development containing more than 20dwelling units, the area and the play space must bebarrier free accessible. A minimum of 2.5 squaremetres of outdoor play space shall be provided foreach bedroom which exceeds the total number of

dwelling units within the development. The requiredplay space will form a component of the overallrequired landscaped open space, and shall beprovided as follows:

Total Play Space Requirements:

Total Play Space Facilities

Required Required

150 m2 or less Tot Lot(s)

151 to 400m2 Tot Lot(s)Play Area(s)

More than 400m2 Tot Lot(s)

Play Area(s)

Hard Surface Court

Dimensions:

• A Tot Lot - minimum 5.0 metres x 5.0 metres

each.

• A Play Area - minimum 5.0 metres x 5.0 metres

each.

• A Hard Surface Court - minimum 10.0 metres x

10.0 metres each (must be separated from

designated vehicular parking/driving areas by a

raised 15.0 cm poured concrete curb).

Design Requirements:

• Outdoor play spaces are to be in close proximity,

and have visual and barrier free access to themajority of dwelling units or an interior common

area for safety and security.

• Locate tot lots and play areas contiguous to the

building, so as not to separate the play space from

the building with roadways or parking areas.

Play areas shall provide:

• Adequate visibility into play spaces by reducing

landscape screening and locating play spaces

where acoustic barriers are not required.

• Optimum sun/shade exposure and adequate site

lighting to all play spaces.

• Seating and, where possible, shade adjacent to all

play spaces.

• Barrier-free walkway connections into the play

space from all building entrances.

• Barrier free accessible play equipment which is

appropriate to the identified user group.

• Insure all related equipment and installation are in

accordance with the Canadian Standards

Association (C.S.A.) “A Guideline on Children’s

Play Spaces and Equipment.”

• An adequate buffer between play areas and

vehicular traffic areas including loading and

service areas.




Urban Design Manual

• Usable play space configuration must be

conducive to the element of play.

• Sufficient pieces of play equipment for the

expected demand.

• Equipment should allow creative play.



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13.0

LANDSCAPE AND

NATURALFEATURES

TREE MANAGEMENTPOLICY

The complete City of Kitchener Tree ManagementPolicy may be obtained from the Development andTechnical Services Department. The following is abrief of the policy.

DefinitionsGeneral Vegetation Overview (GVO) – A completeinventory, together with suitable mapping, of thebiological and physical characteristics of eachVegetation Community submitted in support of thedraft plan of subdivision. This overview will identifyfeatures which may require further analysis and willestablish the criteria used to evaluate a developmentproposal.

Detailed Vegetation Plan – A detailed plan submittedat the time of grading plan submission and prior toregistration. It is to be completed where the GVO has

determined that there are trees worth retaining anddevelopment impacts are anticipated. A detailedinventory of all trees greater than 10 cm DBH inpotentially affected residual areas must be carried out.

Tree Preservation Enhancement Plan – A detailedplan used to identify all vegetation to remain on a siteafter development and establish methods whereby thisvegetation can be protected and enhanced.

Standards

General Vegetation Overview:A General Vegetation Overview will typically beincluded as part of the formal submission of a DraftPlan of Subdivision to the City of Kitchener.

Data Collection Form #1 - this form shall include thedate(s) when the Inventory was conducted and thefollowing:

• Biological characteristics for each vegetation

community indicating:

• Species association or plant community

• Dominant species

• Significant species

• Number of trees (relative abundance)

• Canopy closure (%)

• Community and tree health

• Community age

• DBH and height (averages or categorized)

• Location number on map or air photo

• Biological characteristics for isolated trees greater

than 10 cm in caliper indicating:

• Species

• Condition rating

• DBH

• Location number on map or air photo

Air Photo:

The scale should be one that clearly shows relevantfeatures of the subject property. Site boundaries to bedelineated on air photo shall encompass featuresintercepting or outside the development area that mayaffect the site vegetation or the adjoining site(s)vegetation. Air photos shall show existing land use andshall be dated.

Maps:

The scale should be appropriate to the subjectproperty and development application. Site boundariesto be delineated on maps and maps shall include

features intercepting or outside the development areathat may affect the site vegetation or the adjoiningsite(s) vegetation.

Maps 1 & 2 are to include the proposed Draft Plan ofSubdivision




Urban Design Manual

• Map 1 - Physical Features

• Topography and slope (locate accurately

relative to the property boundaries)

• Drainage

• Surface water

• Ground water

• Soils

• Map 2 - Vegetation Communities

• Showing the vegetation communities defined

through resolution and analysis of functional

associations in the subject environment

• Vegetation communities (woodlands,hedgerows, isolated clusters, single species)

to be accurately located relative to property

boundaries indicating driplines and trunk

locations and elevations

• Example: maple-beech woods, ash-maple

woods on irregular topography, red pine

woods having near-surface ground water,

isolated rare species tree, hedgerow, Norway

Maple cluster, marsh, old field.

Analysis:

To include:

• Conclusions of Inventory and Analysis, this report

will identify and locate on Maps 1 and 2:

• Problems

• Priorities

• Needs of vegetation communities

• Where vegetation communities or isolated

trees are identified as being worthy ofpreservation because of their significance, and

existing stable condition, but do not have the

ability to tolerate major changes to their

surrounding environment a buffer zone is to be

identified and a recommended width provided

• Forestry maintenance access location(s) and

widths where required

• Community trail location(s) guided by the

Urban Design Manual

• Opportunities

• Objectives

• Recommendations that will shape plan of

subdivision.

• The rationale for the following decisions:

vegetation communities not requiring further

data and analysis in the Detailed Vegetation

Plan and vegetation communities requiring

further data and analysis in the Detailed

Vegetation Plan.

Note: The above recommendations should also besymbolically shown on Map #2 VegetationCommunities.

If there is an approved Subwatershed Master Plan forlands contained within the proposed subdivision, therequired Environmental Implementation Report (andEnvironmental Impact Statement if required) is to becoordinated with the analysis and recommendations ofthat required by the General Vegetation Overview.This will permit the integration of the findings of theGeneral Vegetation Overview with the pertinenthydrological/hydrogeological information.Where a Subwatershed Master Plan provides no suchdirection the analysis must address the impact ofchanged hydraulics, hydrology, and/or hydrogeologyon specific vegetation communities.

• Name, address, telephone number of Subdivider,

and Consultant(s) who completed the submission.

A complete description and explanation of the criteriaused to complete Data Collection Form #1 is includedin the City of Kitchener’s Tree Management Policy andmay be obtained from the Department of Development& Technical Services.

Please see form on next page.



2 0 1 0

C i t y of K i t c h en er U r b anD e s i gnM

an u al –P ar t C : D e s i gn S t an d ar d s

C -4 5

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

TOPOGRAPHY

SLOPE

SURFACE WATER TYPE –

NAME – (SKETCH SHOWING SIZE, DIRECTION OF FLOW, E

EXISTING LAND USE

GROUND WATER

SOILS:

TYPE – TEXTURE – MOISTURE –

DATA COLLECTION FORM # 1 VEGETA

GENERAL VEGETATION OVERVIEW – DATA SHEET

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

VEGETATION TYPE

NUMBER OF SPECIES

Tree –

Shrub – Herb –

SPECIES COMPOSITION

SPECIES % ABUNDANCE1.2.3.4.

SIGNIFICANT SPECIES

NUMBER OF TREES

CANOPY CLOSURE

COMMUNITY AND TREE HEALTH

COMMUNITY AGE

HEIGHT and DIAMETER

ASSOCIATED VEGETATION COMMUNITIES




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Detailed Vegetation Plan:

This plan should be derived concurrently with the LotGrading Control Plan (and all other servicing etc.plans) and the scale should be approximately 1:500.The following information is required:

• Accurate location of all trees (10 cm DBH or

greater to be retained) and their driplines (truthed

in field).

• Functional buffer zones around vegetation

communities and/or isolated trees.

• Proposed lotting, street pattern, building envelopes

and building type (see Building Clearance Area

below and Appendix D, City of Kitchener TreeManagement Policy).

• Location of services (type, width and depth of

trench).

• Location(s) of Community Trail(s) consistent with

all guiding documents (Community Plans,

Subwatershed Master Plans (Greenspace

Management Plans), Environmental

Implementation Reports, General Vegetation

Overviews, Leisure Facilities Strategic Plan and

Urban Design Manual).

• Locations of Forestry Maintenance Accesses (if

required).

• Grading information:

• Original grades (surveyed) and proposed

grades

• Cut and fill areas

• Potential disruption to ground water and

surface drainage

• Symbolized recommendations showing the

accurate location of the dripline for each isolated

tree or single species cluster identifying them as

‘save’, ‘remove’, ‘transplant’.

• Symbolized recommendations showing the

accurate location of the dripline for treed areas to

be selectively thinned or transplanted.

• Accurate location of new woodland edges (truthed

in field) and location and species of recommended

plantings (if required) or transplantings.

• Location and nature of recommended protectionmeasures (see Figures 13.1 – 13.4 of this

document and the City of Kitchener Tree

Management Policy).

The submission of the Detailed Vegetation Plan to the

City will occur in concert with the submission of the Lot

Grading Control Plan.

Data Collection Form #2 shall be completed and

include the date(s) when the inventory was conducted

and the following:

• Tree tag number

• Location, lot or block number

• Species

• Diameter at breast height (DBH in cm)

• Crown class

• Tree condition

• Tree value and physical constraints

•

Impacts of proposed development

• Recommendation

• Name, address, telephone number of consultant

who undertook inventory

Please see form on next page.



2 0 1 0

C i t y of K i t c h en er U r b anD e s i gnM an u al –P ar t C : D e s i gn S t an d ar d s

C -4 7

IMPACTS OF

DEVELOPMENT

(5)

TREE VALUE

& PHYSICAL

CONSTRAINTS

(4)

TREE

CONDITION

(3)

CROWN

CLASS

(2)

DBH

(cm)

SPECIES

(1)

DATA COLLECTION FORM #2

DETAILED VEGETATION PLAN

LOT/

BLK

NO.

(1) Trees recommended for saving shown in BOLD type (3) Excellent – (E), Good – (G), Fair

(2) Dominant – (D) – Emergent canopy (receives full sunlight) Very Poor – (V), or Dead (D)

Co-dominant – (C) – Not fully emergent (top of canopy receives sunlight) (4) Comments based on tree value a

Intermediate – (I) – Sub-canopy tree (receives partial sunlight) (5) From submission requirements a

Suppressed – (S) Completely overtopped (receives very limited sunlight) (6) Recommendation: Save – (S), R

Transplant – (T)




Urban Design Manual

This plan should be derived concurrently with the Lot

Grading Control Plan (and all other servicing etc.

plans) and the scale should be approximately 1:500.

The following information is required:• Conclusion of inventory and analysis, including

summary of impacts

• Impact analysis for Community Trail(s) and

Forestry Maintenance Access(es)

• Description of mitigation and protection measures:

• Discussion of functional buffer zone(s) where

required to ensure ecological stability of

woodland edge or isolated tree(s).

• Construction details: fence erection, hoarding,signage.

• Erosion control.

• Pre-stressing treatments – i.e. crown thinning.

• Post construction – i.e. pruning, fertilizer

program, irrigation program.

• Tree transplants – i.e. timing, locations,

moving procedure, maintenance program.

• Tree stewardship

• Written instructions in a standard format to be

developed by the Development & Technical

Services Department on site-specification

stewardship are to be prepared by the

Environmental Consultant and made available

to the first time home or building

owner/occupant of a treed property.

Examples of the types of information to be

provided are found in the complete Tree

Management Policy available from

Development & Technical Services.

• Management strategy

• Prepare a Management Strategy in

consultation with the City for all natural areas

within the Draft Plan of Subdivision. Where

applicable, such strategy will include

recommendations for:

• Ongoing conservation of vegetation

communities.

• Ongoing conservation of watercourses/

wetlands.

• Location of ecologically appropriate public

access points.

• Compatible recreational uses including trail

locations (where appropriate).

• Ongoing conservation of wildlife habitat.

Certification of Plans:

For Draft Plans of Subdivision, the grading consultant

will certify that the Detailed Vegetation Plan conformsto the Lot Grading Plan. The environmental consultant

will certify that the Lot Grading Control Plan conforms

to the Detailed Vegetation Plan prior to approval of

said plans by the Development & Technical Services

Department.

Certification of Protection Measures:

Written certification is required from a qualified

professional that protection measures have been

installed as approved by the Development & TechnicalServices Department.

Treatment of Lands to be Conveyed:

All lands to be conveyed to the City as Park are to befree of any dead or hazardous trees (in locationswhere there is a safety issue), dump sites, litter,debris, remnant fences, barbed wire, wells, tree fortsand any unnatural material/disturbances that areconsidered dangerous to the public or would be aninherited liability. The above noted items are to beremoved or properly treated to the satisfaction of the

Department of Community Services in consultationwith the Director of Planning prior to final approval ofthe Plan to be registered. Actions taken should bedocumented in the Tree Maintenance report. Suchlands will continue to be free of construction debris fora period of two years from the date of registration ofthe subdivision.

All lands to be conveyed to the City as Open Space orHazard Lands are to be free of any dead or hazardous



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trees (in locations were there is a safety issue), dumpsites, litter, debris, remnant fences, barbed wire, wells,tree forts and any unnatural material/disturbances thatare considered dangerous to the public or would be an

inherited liability. The above noted items are to beremoved or properly treated for a distance of 30metres from any lot/block line and 10 metres on eitherside of a proposed or existing community trail. Suchremovals are to be to the satisfaction of theDepartment of Community Services in consultationwith the Director of Planning prior to final approval ofthe Plan to be registered.

Tree Maintenance Report:

The purpose of this report is to ensure initial andcontinued compliance with the tree protection

measures as described in the approved DetailedVegetation Plan. This report is to be prepared by aqualified professional (arborist, forester, environmentalconsultant, or landscape architect), who has beencontracted by the Subdivider to provide direction andsupervision during grading and construction on thesubject lands.

The timing of the Tree Maintenance Report is tocoincide with the implementation of all tree protectionmeasures, and the completion of initial site grading.All needs of trees to be maintained shall be assessedimmediately and a Tree Maintenance Report detailingall recommended tree maintenance measures shall besubmitted to, and approved by, the Development andTechnical Services Department, prior to registration.The following information is generally required in theTree Maintenance Report (some items may not bepertinent to a particular project; other projects mayrequire additional information):

• Assessment of damage to trees to be retained

during initial site grading and clearing.

• Provide remedial recommendations for any

damaged trees that are to be retained using

current and accepted arboricultural practices.

• Timing of remedial measures:

• Before / during / after further construction.

• Identify and provide value ($) of trees (Guide for

Plant Appraisal, Council of Tree and Landscape

Appraisers, Latest Edition) that were to be saved

according to the Detailed Vegetation Plan and/or

Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan but have

been removed or damaged.

• Using this value of trees destroyed or damaged,

propose a plan indicating replacement trees ofequal or greater value ($) and proposed tree

planting locations (native species) for rehabilitation

of the disturbed area(s).

• Identify planned tree removal not conducted.

• Recommendation of further trees to be removed o

transplanted.

Note: In general, sources of information should beidentified and measurements should be in metric units.

Permanent Signage:

Install signage in accordance with the “BOUNDARYMARKER” and “CITY BOUNDARY MARKERLOCATIONS” drawings found in Appendix F of theCity of Kitchener Tree Management Policy. Suchsignage is to be supplied by the Department ofCommunity Services (741-2557) at no cost to theSubdivider. Signage is to be installed by theSubdivider prior to final approval of the Plan to beregistered in which the conveyed lands are located.However, temporary signage installed on protectivefencing must remain in good order until replaced by

permanent markers and signage.

Certification of Completed Site Work:

Prior to the City issuing the Final Grading Certificatecertification by both the grading consultant and theenvironmental consultant must be received by the Citycertifying that the Site Grading Plan and DetailedVegetation Plan have been implemented inaccordance with the approved plans.

Confirmation of Receipt of Site Grading PlanDetailed Vegetation Plans and Tree Stewardship:

The Subdivider must confirm in writing that the first-time home or building owner has received a copy ofthe approved Site Grading and Detailed VegetationPlans along with written instructions on properstewardship for tree(s) on their Lot/Block or that theSubdivider has provided the builder with the approvedgrading and tree management plans along with writteninstructions on proper tree stewardship for tree(s)regarding the Lot/Block noted above, and advised the




Urban Design Manual

builder that the builder is obligated to provide thismaterial to the first-time home or building owner inaccordance with Clause 1.22 of the StandardResidential Subdivision Agreement prior to occupancy.

An example of written instructions on proper treestewardship is given in the City of Kitchener’s TreeManagement Policy. This is the type of informationthat is to be provided to the new home/building ownerof a treed property.

As an alternative to the above noted generic

examples, the Environmental Consultant can also

obtain brochures on many areas of tree stewardship

from the International Society of Arboriculture (I.S.A.).

The I.S.A. provides a series of published brochures as

part of its consumers’ information program.

The City encourages personal delivery to, anddiscussion of such written instructions with the f irsttime home owner/occupant as a means of educatingthem on proper tree stewardship.

Monitoring and Maintenance Period:

For all wooded wetlands which are to be conveyed tothe City, the Environmental Consultant will monitor thewooded wetlands as required by the City to ensurecompliance with the approved Subwatershed MasterPlan, Environmental Implementation Report, theGeneral Vegetation Overview, and/or the Detailed

Vegetation Plan.

If alteration of the quantity, quality, timing(hydroperiod), or direction of flow of surface orgroundwater within or contiguous to the woodedwetlands results in an adverse environmental impactrequiring any ecological restoration, any suchecological restoration activities will be theresponsibility of the Subdivider to the satisfaction ofthe City.

Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan:

The Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan will berequired for:

Subdivisions:

• Where the Detailed Vegetation Plan has identified

that there are trees to be retained.

• Corner lots (where site service locations and

building type has not been pre-determined).

• Interior lots greater than 13.7 m (45 feet) of street

frontage.

• Lots on which the Subdivider/Builder requests to

build a structure that is to be located deeper on

the lot than that approved on the Detailed

Vegetation Plan and/or the revised grading will

have an adverse effect on the Detailed Vegetation

Plan.

Site Plan Approval / Plan Approval:

• Any site development under Section 41 of the

Planning Act.

Lots Containing Trees Created by Consent UnderSection 52 of the Planning Act:

• No building permit will be issued for such lot or

block until applicants for such a building permit

have submitted a Tree Preservation/

Enhancement Plan for the approval of the

Development and Technical Services Department.

In the case of lots or blocks which contain only

trees to be removed, all such trees shall beremoved prior to the issuance of a building permit

for these lots or blocks.

Submission Requirements:

The following information is required to be shown:

• The true dimensions and bearings of the property.

• The location of isolated trees or single species

clusters showing driplines and the species, size,

condition (excellent, good, fair, poor, very poor,

dead), and sensitivity of tree to development is to

be noted.

• The location of woodland areas and showing:

• Location of tree(s) to be removed for selective

thinning (marked in field).



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• Location of new woods’ edges (marked in the

field), edge driplines (ground truthed) and new

plantings if required.

• The locations, dimensions and setbacks of allproposed buildings and structures.

• The location of paving and driveway areas.

• Walkway locations.

• Existing and proposed grades (contours and spot

elevations).

• Cut and fill areas.

• Indication of ground-water and surface drainage.

•

Location and type of services and utilities (providerequired width and depth of trench including

offsets dependent on soil conditions or nature of

installation/equipment).

• The location of proposed stockpiles of topsoil and

backfill.

• Work zone requirements (area around the

proposed buildings required for excavation of

foundations and access during construction).

• An outline of tree protection measures including:

• Recommended buffers.

• Construction details and location of fencing

and/or hoarding.

• Erosion control measures.

• Pre-stressing of trees.

• Name, address and telephone number of:

o Subdivider.

o Builder.

o Consultant who provided tree data and

recommendations.

Where a Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan isrequired the grading consultant will certify that suchplan conforms to the Grading Plan. The environmentalconsultant will certify the Grading Plan conforms to theTree Preservation/Enhancement Plan prior to approvalof said plans by the Development and Technical

Services Department. This plan review andcoordination will ensure that both tree managementand site engineering issues are addressed beforebuilding commences. Such a process will maximize

the opportunity for the proper implementation of allprior tree management recommendations, and permitthe Subdivider another occasion to monitor thebuilders.

Certification of Completed Site Work:

Prior to the City issuing the Final Grading Certificatecertification by both the Grading Consultant and theEnvironmental Consultant must be received by theCity certifying that the Site Grading and TreePreservation / Enhancement Plans have beenimplemented in accordance with the approved plans.

The above noted certification is to be completed inaccordance with the form provided below and also inAppendix H of the City of Kitchener Tree ManagementPolicy.

Confirmation of Receipt of Site Grading Plan,Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan and TreeStewardship

The Subdivider must confirm in writing that the first-time home or building owner has received a copy ofthe approved Site Grading and Tree

Preservation/Enhancement Plans along with writteninstructions on proper stewardship for tree(s) on theirLot/Block or that the Subdivider has provided thebuilder with the approved grading and treemanagement plans along with written instructions onproper tree stewardship for tree(s) regarding theLot/Block noted above, and advised the builder thatthe builder is obligated to provide this material to thefirst-time home or building owner in accordance withClause 1.22 of the Standard Subdivision Agreementprior to occupancy.

This confirmation is to be completed using the form

provided below and also in Appendix I of the TreeManagement Policy.

An example of written instructions on proper treestewardship is provided in the City of Kitchener’s TreeManagement Policy. This is the type of informationthat is to be provided to the new home or buildingowner of a treed property.




Urban Design Manual

As an alternative to the above noted genericexamples, the environmental consultant can alsoobtain brochures on many areas of tree stewardshipfrom the International Society of Arboriculture (I.S.A.).

The I.S.A. provides a series of published brochures aspart of its consumers’ information program.The City encourages personal delivery to, anddiscussion of such written instructions with the newproperty owner as a means of educating them onproper tree stewardship.



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BUILDING CLEARANCE AREA

(from Tree Management Policy Appendix D)

Interior Lots – Due to the number of site services entering a residential lot, the preservation oftrees within the front yard may be extremely difficult. It is especially unlikely that any tree(s) foundwithin the interior of a woodland could be singled out and saved on a narrow width lot of 13.7metres (45 feet) or less. However, isolated trees, and edge trees of a woodland have somechance of survival in a front yard. Only if the tree(s) in the opinion of the Arborist etc. in co-ordination with the Grading and Servicing Engineer, is worthy of saving should any attempt be

made in preserving front yard trees otherwise, the following will apply regarding the removal oftrees on an interior building lot:

For all lots 13.7 metres in width or less of frontage, the allowable area to clear of trees within thislot will be: From Property Line to Building Line plus the depth of the building type plus 3 metres(construction work zone).

DEPTH OF BUILDING TYPE

Building Type Depth Metres (Feet)

Bungalow (Back or Raised)

Back Split

Two Storey

Free Hold Town House

13.7 (45)

15.24 (50)

9.75 (32)

13.7 (45)

Corner Lots – No trees that are worthy of further study are to be removed from corner lots. Thisrequirement is based on the assumption that there are many possibilities for location of serviceswithin a corner lot, and the different types of buildings that can be built on a corner lot.

Corner lots may qualify for exemption to this requirement from the City if the site services locationand building type are determined at the time of submission of the Detailed Vegetation Plan.

Blocks – No trees that are worthy of further study are to be removed from blocks. Tree removal from blocks will not

occur until a Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan and a Tree Maintenance Report is approved by the Development

and Technical Services Department as part of a Section 41 Development Agreement.




Urban Design Manual

Figure 13.1: Signage and Erosion Control



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Figure 13.2: Temporary Tree Protection Fencing




Urban Design Manual

Figure 13.3: Temporary Tree Protection Fencing and Erosion Control



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Figure 13.4: Required Tree Protection Signage




Urban Design Manual

LOT/BLOCK GRADING AND TREE MANAGEMENTCERTIFICATION

Date: _________________________________

Lot #: _________________________________

Block #:________________________________

58M-__________________________________

I, _____________________________ of _______________________________, being theGrading Consultant for the above noted Subdivision and I, _____________________________ of

_______________________________, being the Environmental Consultant for the above noted

subdivision certify to the City of Kitchener that the approved Site Grading Plan and the DetailedVegetation Plan and/or the Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan have been implemented inaccordance with the City-approved plans.

Please note all deviations from the approved drawings below (additional tree removal, treereplacements, grading changes, or any other item that has not been implemented in accordancewith the City-approved plans. Additional details may be required prior to the City accepting thecertification.

Grading Consultant Environmental Consultant

____________________________________ ______________________________________

Signature Signature

Affix Seal (if applicable) Affix Seal (if applicable)

Date ________________________________ Date __________________________________

cc. Lot/Block Owner

Subdivider



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CONFIRMATION OF RECEIPT

Date: __________________________________

Lot #: __________________________________

Block #: ________________________________

58M-__________________________________

I, _____________________________ of _______________________________, being theSubdivider for the above noted Subdivision confirm to the City of Kitchener that the first time home

or building owner has received a copy of the approved grading and tree management plans alongwith written instructions on proper tree stewardship for tree(s) on their Lot/Block.

OR

I, _____________________________ of _______________________________, being theSubdivider for the above noted Subdivision confirm to the City of Kitchener that I have providedthe builder with the approved grading and tree management plans along with written instructionson proper tree stewardship for tree(s) regarding the Lot/Block noted above, and advised the

builder that the builder is obligated to provide this material to the first time home or building ownerin accordance with Clause 1.22 of the Standard Subdivision Agreement prior to occupancy.

Subdivider

________________________________________

Signature

________________________________________

Date

cc. Lot/Block Owner

Builder




Urban Design Manual

14.0STORMWATERMANAGEMENT

FACILITIESDefinitions

Forebay - Storage area provided at the inlet for theprimary removal of suspended solids.

Dry Ponds- Least effective of the three pond types forwater quality treatment. No permanent pool requiredfor the treatment of runoff. Requires the largesttreatment volume due to the lack of a permanent pool.

Wet Ponds- More effective than Dry Ponds but lesseffective than Wetlands Ponds due to the depth of thepermanent pool and the lack of aquatic plantings.Treated volumes are less than the volumes required ina Dry Pond.

Wetlands- Most effective type of water quality facility.Shallow permanent pool allows for diversity of plantmaterial which aids in pollutant removal (nutrientuptake) and entrapment of suspended solidssimulating the natural processes. Blends in well withthe surrounding natural areas making the facility moreaesthetically pleasing. Requires the smallest treatmentvolume.

Micropool- Storage area provided at the outlet as atertiary treatment before discharging to the receivingwater body.

Standards for Plans ofSubdivision and SitePlans

The purpose of this section is to provide principles toaugment the MOEE “Stormwater ManagementPractices Planning and Design Manual and to achievethe highest level of utilization, aesthetics,environmental benefits and ease of maintenance for

stormwater management facilities in our community.”

These principles have been prepared by a jointcommittee of representatives from all municipalitieswithin the Region of Waterloo, City of Guelph and theGrand River Conservation Authority in consultationwith the local development industry.

These principles were originally adopted by KitchenerCity Council for use within the City of Kitchener onSeptember 30, 1996.

In recognition of diverse development conditions,consideration by the City of Kitchener will be given toall innovative approaches and/or techniques that canbe demonstrated to meet its storm water managementobjectives.

• Stormwater management areas for subdivisions

will be on lands conveyed at no cost to the City in

addition to any lands required to be dedicated for

park purposes under the Planning Act.

Construction costs will be borne by the owner

while long term maintenance of the storm watermanagement facility will be borne by the City.

• Stormwater management areas, subject to site

plan approval, will be on lands retained by the

owner. All costs associated with the construction

and continuing maintenance of stormwater

management facilities shall be borne by the

owner.

• Stormwater management Dry Ponds shall be

designed to limit the maximum depth of water to

1.8m above the lowest point of the stormwaterbasin. An additional 0.3m freeboard is required

above the maximum peak flow flood level. The

maximum depth of the extended detention zone

shall not exceed 1.0m above the lowest point of

the pond (see Figure 14.2).

• A maximum 5:1 slope shall extend from the

bottom of the pond to the limit of maximum

extended detention, with a minimum horizontal

length of 3.0m. The minimum allowable gradient

on the bottom of the basin shall be 1.0% and the

maximum gradient shall be 5.0%.

• Stormwater management Wetlands shall be


2.1m above the lowest point of the stormwater

basin excluding micropools. An additional 0.3m

freeboard is required above the maximum peak

flow flood level. The maximum depth of the



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extended detention zone shall not exceed 1.0m

above the permanent pool elevation. Maximum

peak flow attenuation zone shall not exceed 1.8m

above the permanent pool elevation. Thepermanent pool depth shall range between a

minimum depth of 0.15m to a maximum depth of

0.3m.

• A maximum 5:1 slope below the permanent

pool level shall be permitted around the entire

stormwater management pond.

• A maximum 5:1 slope above the permanent


stormwater management pond. The slope

shall extend from the permanent pool level, tothe limit of maximum extended detention. The

horizontal distance of this slope must be a

minimum of 3.0m.

• Micropools shall not exceed an additional

maximum depth of 0.3m below the permanent

pool level. Micropools shall not exceed 5% of

the total wetland permanent pool surface area

(see Figures 14.2 and 14.3).

• Stormwater management Wet Ponds shall be


3.3m above the lowest point of the stormwater

basin. An additional 0.3m freeboard is required

above the maximum peak flow flood level. The

maximum depth of the extended detention zone

shall not exceed 1.0m above the permanent pool

elevation. Maximum peak flow attenuation zone

shall not exceed 1.8m above the permanent pool

elevation. The permanent pool depth shall range

between a minimum depth of 1.0m to a maximum

depth of 1.5m (see Figure 14.2).

• A maximum 5:1 slope below the permanentpool level shall be permitted around the entire

stormwater management pond. The

horizontal distance of this slope must be a

minimum of 3.0m. A slope commencing from

this point to the lowest point of the stormwater

basin shall be a maximum of 3:1.

• A maximum 5:1 slope above the permanent


stormwater management pond. The slope

shall extend from the permanent pool level, tothe limit of maximum extended detention. The

horizontal distance of this slope shall be a

minimum of 3.0m.

• Forebays are required for all of the above

described stormwater management facilities. The

permanent pool depth shall range between a

minimum depth of 1.0m to a maximum depth of

1.5m in which a maximum depth of 0.5m shall be

used for sediment accumulation. Forebays shall

not exceed 33% of the total wet pond surface area

and 20% of the wetland permanent pool surface

area. All other aspects regarding the design of

forebays shall conform to the above Wet Pond

standards. Excluding maintenance access routes,

all access to forebays shall be discouraged

through shrub plantings (see Figures 14.2 and

14.4). Consideration should be given to provide a

liner and a means to draw the forebay via gravity

to facilitate maintenance.

• From the point of maximum extended detention, to

the lower limits of the “safety separation” area orproperty line where it abuts private property,

slopes shall vary between 2:1 to 6:1 and have a

maximum average slope of 4:1, not including the

maximum 10:1 maintenance access slope.

• Native and non-invasive trees, shrubs, ground

covers and aquatic plants are required in a low

maintenance landscape design, which has regard

for the ecology of the site and the eco-region. See

plant lists at end of chapter.

•

For Wet Ponds and Wetlands, all slopes 5:1 andsteeper ranging from a minimum horizontal

distance of 3.0m from the permanent pool level to

the property line (not including walkways and

trails) shall be planted. For Dry Ponds, all slopes

5:1 and steeper ranging from a minimum

horizontal distance of 3.0m from the pond bottom

level to the property line (not including walkways




Urban Design Manual

and trails) shall also be planted. Incorporating a

wide range of slopes and ponding depths into

facility design that conform to the design principles

is strongly encouraged and desirable in order tofacilitate a wide range of flora and fauna habitat

conditions.

• Where trees are to be planted, they must be

planted at a minimum rate of 1 tree (40mm cal.)

per 50 square metres. The density of shrub

plantings, for safety purposes, shall vary

depending on the degree of slope. Shrub

plantings shall prevent public access on all 2:1

slopes and discourage access on all 3:1 slopes.

100% density equals 1 shrub per square metre,

25% density equals 1 shrub per 4 square metres.

The purpose of the bar scale is not to encourage

repetitive landscape design but to act as a relative

guide to associate shrub plant densities with the

appropriate slope.

Coverage Intensity of Shrub Plantings

Slope Range

P e r c e n t a g e o f D e n s i t

25

50

75

100

6:1 5:1 4:1 3:1 2.5:1 2:1

Figure 14.1: Required Density of Shrub Plantings

• Designed pedestrian access areas shall not

exceed a maximum slope of 6:1.

• Fencing of stormwater management facilities shall

be discouraged; however it may be required asdetermined by the City.

• Notwithstanding the above criteria in the case of

headwall designs, the depth of water related to

adjoining side slopes may vary and fencing may

be required for safety purposes.

• That in all cases, implementation of these

principles shall have regard for approved

Watershed, Sub-Watershed and Master Drainage

Plans.

• Areas subject to the collection of contaminants or

spills shall be fitted with adequate oil/grit

separators.

For subdivisions only:

In addition to above requirements the followingprinciples shall apply to subdivisions only:

• That a Landscape Plan of the storm water

management facilities be approved by theSupervisor of Site Plan Development in

Development and Technical Services and the

Supervisor of Design and Development in

Community Services prior to the registration of the

Plan of Subdivision. All landscaping of areas

above the 5 year storm level shall be installed at

the subdivider’s cost, in accordance with the

approved plan, during the first planting season

after occupancy of the first unit. The remainder of

the planting shall commence at such time as

required by the Supervisor of Site PlanDevelopment in Development and Technical

Services and the Supervisor of Design and

Development in Community Services. The

subdivider shall maintain the planting for a period

of one year from the completion of final planting.

Landscape plans are to be prepared by an

Environmental Professional acceptable to the

Municipality. See plant lists at end of chapter.

• In the event that a community trail has been

identified and/or required by the City in the vicinity

or adjacent to a stormwater management pond,

they shall be implemented above the maximum

extended detention level or 5 year storm level,

which ever is greater, in order to prevent frequent

flooding. Trails shall have a minimum width of

3.0m (see Figure 14.5).



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• To enhance user comfort and safety, a 3.0m zone

on each side of the community trail shall be

designed in such a way that sightlines are

preserved. If barriers are required, they must notinterfere with visibility or create entrapment areas.

In situations where a community trail is designed

within the maximum peak flow depth zone, the

3.0m separation above the trail shall have a

maximum slope of 3:1. Below the trail, the 3.0m

separation shall have a maximum slope of 6:1.

This zone shall be planted with low ground covers

(see Figure 14.5).

• Deciduous trees should be planted at a minimum

distance of 1.5m from the edge of the trail.

Maintenance is required to ensure that tree

canopies are raised to a minimum of 2.2m and

shrubs must be regularly prevented from

naturalizing this zone. The planting of coniferous

trees within this zone is not permitted.

• Maintenance access requirements are to be

determined on a site-by-site basis, however, the

following general criteria are recommended.

Controlled maintenance access routes shall be

provided to both inlet and outlet structures and

forebays. A minimum 3.0m wide surface toaccommodate maintenance vehicles with a

minimum 10m turning radius (inside radius) and a

flat 10m loading area is required. Maintenance

access routes shall not exceed a maximum slope

of 10:1. The design of maintenance routes and

loading areas shall be to the approval of the

Engineering Division.

• Prior to the City accepting the stormwater

management pond as shown on the approved

landscape plan, the Subdivider agrees to erect

one or more information signs at (a) public access

point(s) detailing the purpose of the pond, phone

number for further information and any other

relevant information, to be approved by the

Supervisor of Site Plan Development in

Development and Technical Services and the

Supervisor of Design and Development in

Community Services, all at the cost of the

Subdivider.

• In order to prevent surcharging of storm sewers

upstream, pond inlet inverts shall not be lowerthan the maximum extended detention level (see

Figure 14.6).

• Minimize the number of inlets / forebays to one (1)

where possible.

For Site Plans Only:

In addition to initial clauses applying to both

subdivisions and site plans the following principles

shall apply to site plans only:

• Children’s play equipment shall not be permitted

within stormwater management facilities.

• Stormwater QUANTITY management strategies

can be accommodated within parking areas to a

limit of 0.3m in depth.

• Stormwater QUALITY management strategies

may be accommodated within parking areas

using, fore example oil grit for water quality

management.

• In cases where stormwater management facilitiescan not be aesthetically accommodated at grade,

underground and roof top storage shall be

considered as alternatives.

• Rooftop runoff shall be considered as clean

stormwater and shall be infiltrated as appropriate.

A geotechnical report with infiltration assessment

should accompany site application.




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Figure 14.2: Stormwater Management Pond Configuration



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Figure 14.3 Micropool Detail




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Figure 14.4 Forebay Detail



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Figure 14.5 Community Trails at Storm Water Management Ponds




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Figure 14.6 Preferred Pond Inlet Detail



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Figure 14.7: Example of Storm Water Pond Signage




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Stormwater Management (SWM) Facilities:

SWM facility design should match ecosystems and

“ecoregions” (ecosections, Ontario Land InventoryUnits). Guelph, Elmira, New Hamburg, and the tri-cityarea of Kitchener-Waterloo and Cambridge are alllocated in different “ecoregions”. For example, inKitchener, SWM wetlands should resemble those inthe Borden-Laurentian complex. In fact, seed andplant materials could be selectively taken from thosewetlands and used locally. But, for design andconstruction in Guelph, wetlands in that area would beused.

The plant species listed should be considered as tothe performance and functionality of those chosen for

a specific site. The amount of planting stock ofspecies we depend upon for shade, erosion control,and filtering should always be greater than thatproviding colour and food for wildlife.

Native Shrubs and Trees of Waterloo Region:

The committee established for the StormwaterManagement Facilities Design Principles supportedthe general concept of creating a policy to encouragethe planting of native shrubs and trees surroundingSWM ponds of Waterloo Region. In doing this, thearea’s natural integrity will be preserved and SWM

areas will be protected from the general encroachmentof alien species.

On April 1, 1992, Regional staff in association withLarry Lamb of the University of Waterloo, prepared alist of native trees and shrubs which could be used asa guide for planting in and around ESPAs. This listcan also be used as a guide for plantings in andaround SWM ponds. (A list of Invasive Alien speciesis also provided which should not be planted).The species making up the preferred list are allindigenous to the Waterloo Region and some areRegionally Significant. Species restricted to theCarolinian Forest Zone have been noted.Although most Carolinian species are only found inNorth Dumfries Township some do occur north of thisarea. Also noted are those species which are found,and should only be used in North Dumfries Township.

For species where the local genotypes are consideredrelatively pure, it is preferable to use these localgenotypes only to avoid importing genetic materialfrom other areas. By using stock which originated in

Waterloo Region, the integrity of Regional populationswill be preserved. The closest genotype availableshould be used for all species unless otherwiseindicated.

The desired/required performance of each plantspecies to be planted or allowed to invade the facilitymust be considered. Sizes of planting stock, growthrates, and maintenance requirements of species mustbe compared with desired functions and effects; and,the desired functions must be prioritized. Forexample, where shading is required as soon aspossible to keep water temperatures low, a native fastgrowing species is preferable. A number of largecaliper shade trees could be planted in the appropriatelocations. Biodiversity, leaf colour, and blossom wouldbe secondary functions and would be provided by

other species possibly planted farther away from thewater. Similarly, where erosion control is required, theright species for that job should be planted. In somesituations, planting of non-native plants may benecessary to establish cover and native plants withlower performance ratings in erosion control, buthigher in terms of biodiversity, wildlife food and coverand aesthetics be included in the overall strategy.

Key to Numbers:1-Regionally Significant to Waterloo

2-Mainly restricted to Carolinian Forest Zone

3-Use only in North Dumfries Township (removed fromfollowing list for Kitchener)

4-Use local genotypes only



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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME

Trees

Pinaceae Pine Family

Abies balsamea Balsam fir 4

Larix laricina Tamarack

Pinus strobus Eastern white pine

Picea mariana Black spruce 1

Tsuga canadensis Eastern hemlock

Cupressaceae Cypress Family

Juniperus virginiana Eastern red cedar 1,2,4

Thuja occidentalis Eastern white cedar

Salicaceae Willow Family

Populus balsamifera Balsam poplar

Populus grandidentata Largetooth aspen

Populus tremuloides Trembling aspen

Salix amygdaloides Peach-leaved willow

Salix bebbiana Bebbs’ willow

Salix discolor Pussy willow

Salix lucida Shining willow

Salix nigra Black willow

Juglandaceae Walnut Family

Carya cordiformis Bitternut hickory

Juglans cinerea Butternut

Betulaceae Birch Family

Betula lutea Yellow birch

Betula papyrifera White birch

Carpinus caroliniana Blue-beech

Ostrya virginiana Hop-hornbeam

Fagaceae Beech Family

Fagus grandifolia American Beech

Quercus alba White oak

Quercus macrocarpa Bur oak

Quercus rubra Red oak

Ulmaceae Elm Family

Celtis occidentalis Hackberry 1,4

Ulmus americana White elm

Ulmus rubra Red or Slippery elm

Ulmus thomasii Rock elm

Hamamelidaceae Witch-hazel Family

Hamamelis virginiana Witch hazel


Rosaceae Rose Family

Amelanchier laevis Smooth juneberry orserviceberry

Amelanchier arborea Juneberry, serviceberry

Crataegus chrysocarpa Golden-fruited hawthorn

Crataegus holmesiana Holmes’ hawthorn

Crataegus pruinosa Frosty hawthorn

Crataegus punctata Dotted hawthorn

Prunus nigra Canada plum

Prunus pensylvanica Pin cherry

Prunus serotina Black cherry

Prunus virginiana Chokecherry

Anacardiaceae Cashew Family

Rhus typhina Staghorn sumac

Aceraceae Maple Family

Acer negundo Box-Elder or Manitoba

maple

Acer rubrum Red maple

Acer saccharinum Silver maple

Acer saccharum Black maple 4

ssp. nigrum

Acer saccharum Sugar maple

ssp. saccharumAcer spicatum Mountain maple

Tiliaceae Linden Family

Tilia americana Basswood

Cornaceae Dogwood Family

Cornus alternifolia Alternate-leaved dogwood

Oleaceae Olive Family

Fraxinus americana White ash

Fraxinus nigra Black ash

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Red ash, green ash

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family

Vibumum lentago Nannyberry




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Shrubs

Taxaceae Yew Family

Taxus canadensis American yew

Cupressaceae Cypress Family

Juniperus communis Common juniper 1,4

Smilacaceae Greenbrier Family

Smilax hispida Bristly greenbrier


Salix exigua Sandbar willow

Salix myricoides Blue-leaf willow 1Salix rigida Willow

Salix pedicellaris Bog willow

Salix petiolaris Slender willow

Salix serissima Autumn willow


Corylus americana Hazelnut, American hazel

Corylus cornuta Beaked hazel 1

Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family

Clematis virginiana Virgin’s-bower


Aronia melanocarpa Chokeberry

Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark

Potentilla fruticosa Shrubby cinquefoil

Rosa blanda Smooth wild rose

Rosa carolina Pasture rose

Rosa palustris Swamp rose

Rubus allegheniensis Common blackberry

Rubus canadensis Smooth blackberry

Rubus idaeus Red raspberryRubus occidentalis Black raspberry

Rubus pubescens Dwarf raspberry

Rubus setosus Bristly blackberry

Spiraea alba Narrow-leaved

meadowsweet


Rutaceae Rue Family

Zanthoxylum Prickly ash 1

americanum

Aquifoliaceae Holly Family

Ilex verticillata Winterberry

Nemopanthus Mountain holly 1

mucronatus

Celastraceae Bittersweet Family

Celastrus scandens Climbing Bittersweet

Euonymus Burning bush 1,2,4

atropurpurea

Euonymus obovata Running strawberry-bush 2

Staphyleaceae Bladdernut Family

Staphylea trifolia Bladdernut 1

Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family

Ceanothus americanus New Jersey tea

Rhamnus alnifolia Alder-leaved buckthorn

Vitaceae Grape Family

Vitis riparia Riverbank grape

Thymelaeaceae Mezereum Family

Dirca palustris Leatherwood

Cornaceae Dogwood Family

Cornus amomum Silky dogwood

ssp. obliqua

Cornus canadensis Bunchberry

Cornus foemina Grey dogwood

ssp. racemosa

Cornus rugosa Round-leaved dogwood

Cornus stolonifera Red-osier dogwood

Ericaceae Heath Family

Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush blueberry

Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvet-leaved blueberry



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Rubiaceae Madder Family

Cephalanthus Buttonbush

occidentalisMitchella repens Partridgeberry


Diervilla lonicera Bush-honeysuckle

Linnaea borealis Twinflower

Lonicera canadensis Fly-honeysuckle

Lonicera dioica Smooth honeysuckle

Sambucus canadensis Elderberry, Common elder

Sambucus racemosa Red-berried elder

ssp. pubens

Symphoricarpos albus SnowberryViburnum acerifolium Maple-leaved viburnum

Viburnum cassinoides Wild raisin, Witherod1

Viburnum lentago Nannyberry

Viburnum Downy arrow-wood

rafinesquianum

Viburnum trilobum Highbush cranberry

Aquatic Plant Species List

The following plant species are recommended by MOE

for use in stormwater management ponds; not all

species are native to Waterloo Region.

Deep Water Areas (1m < depth < 3m)

Pond Weeds:

Potamogeton pectinatus Sago pondweed

Potamogeton natans Floating-leaved pondweed

Potamogeton amplifolius Large-leaved pondweed

Others:

Heteranthera dubia Water Stargrass

Elodea canadensis Canada WaterweedCeratophyllum Coontail

demersum

Vallisneria americana Tapegrass

SHALLOW WATER AREAS (< 0.5m)

Pond Weeds:

Potamogeton natans Floating-leaved pondweed


Potamogeton pectinatus Sago Pondweed

Others:Ceratophyllum Coontail

demersum

Elodea canadensis Canada Waterweed

Heteranthera dubia Water Stargrass

Lemna minor Lesser Duckweed

Lemna trisulca Star Duckweed

Nuphar variegatum Yellow or Bullhead Lily

Nymphaea odorata Fragrant White Waterlily

Emergent Species:

Typha latifolia Common CattailScirpus pungens American Bulrush

Sagittaria latifolia Common Arrowhead

Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed

Scirpus validus Softstem Bulrush

Sparganuim Giant Burreed

eurycarpum

Sedges:

Carex pseudocyperus Cyperus-like Sedge

Carex retrorsa Retrorse Sedge

Carex utriculata Beaked Sedge

Shoreline Fringe (near permanent pool)

Hydric Grasses:

Calamagrostis Canada Bluejoint

canadensis

Leersia oryzoides Rice-cut Grass

Festuca rubra Red Fescue (non-native)

Others:

Chelone glabra Turtlehead

Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed

Verbena hastata Blue Vervain

Bidens cernua Nodding Beggarticks

Bidens frondosa Devil’s Beggarticks

Alisma plantago- Water-plantain

aquatica




Urban Design Manual


Pond Berming Areas:

Nymphaea odorata Fragrant White Waterlily

Scirpus pungens American BulrushScirpus validus Softstem

Filter Strips:

Festuca rubra Red Fescue

Agrostis alba Redtop

Aster novae-angliae New England Aster

Aster lanceolatus ssp. Tall White Aster

lanceolatus

Aster puniceus Purple-stemmed Aster

Solidago canadensis Canada Goldenrod

Solidago rugosa Rough GoldenrodSolidago altissima Tall Goldenrod

The following dependable species should usually be

planted in larger quantities:

Trees:

Eastern White Cedar Red Ash

Eastern White Pine White Ash

Trembling Aspen Balsam Poplar

Alternate-leaved Dog- wood

Sugar Maple Silver MaplePeach-leaved Willow Red Maple

Bebb’s Willow Chokecherry

Bur Oak Nannyberry

Smooth Serviceberry

Shrubs and Vines:

Slender Willow Common Elder

Ninebark Red-osier Dogwood

Winterberry Grey Dogwood

Virginia Creeper Riverbank Grape

Narrow-leaved Meadowsweet

Aquatic Plants:

Common Cattail Softstem Bulrush

Sago Pondweed Common Arrowhead

Water-plantain Canada Bluejoint

Sedges (Carex stipata, C.pensylvanica)

INVASIVE SPECIES

The following species are not suitable for restoration

and landscaping within and adjacent to StormwaterManagement Areas, woodlands and natural areas

because they are alien and highly invasive.

Other species may be added to this list as their

existence as an invasive problem becomes known.


Woody Species:


Populus alba White Poplar


Betula pendula European birch

Berberidaceae Barberry Family

Berberis spp. Barberry species


Rosa multiflora Multiflora rose

Leguminosae Pea Family

Pueraria lobata Kudzu

Celastraceae Bittersweet Family

Celastrus orbiculata Oriental Bittersweet

Aceraceae Maple Family

Acer platanoides Norway Maple

Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore maple

Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family

Rhamnus cathartica Common Buckthorn

Rhamnus frangula Glossy Buckthorn

Vitaceae Grape or Vine Family

Ampelopsis Porcelainberry

brevipedunculata

Elaeagnaceae Oleaster Family

Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian-olive



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Elaeagnus umbellata Autumn-olive

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle FamilyLonicera japonica Japanese honeysuckle

Lonicera tatarica Tartarian honeysuckle

Viburnum opulus Guelder-rose (or

European Highbush

cranberry)

Herbaceous Species:

Gramineae Grass Family

Miscanthus sinensis Feather grass

Phragmites australis Common Reed

Liliaceae Lily Family

Convallaria majallis Lily-of-the-valley

Hemerocallis spp. Daylily

Iridaceae Iris Family

Iris pseudacorus Yellow Flag

Polygonaceae Buckwheat Family

Polygonum cuspidatum Japanese Knotweed

Papaveraceae Poppy FamilyChelidonium majus Greater Celandine

Cruciferae Mustard Family

Alliaria petiolata Garlic mustard

Cheiranthus cheiri Wallflower

Hesperis matronalis Dame’s rocket

Leguminosae Pea Family

Coronilla varia Crownvetch

Lotus corniculatus Birdsfoot-trefoil

Lathyrus latifolius Everlasting or perennial peaMelilotus alba White sweet clover

Melilotus officinalis Yellow sweet clover

Trifolium hybridum Alsike clover

Trifolium pratense Red clover

Trifolium repens White clover

Vicia cracca Tufted-vetch


Euphorbiaceae Spurge Family

Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress spurge

Euphorbia esula Leafy spurge

Balsaminaceae Touch-me-not Family

Impatiens glandulifera Pink Touch-me-not

Malvaceae Mallow Family

Malva moschata Musk mallow

Violaceae Violet Family

Viola odorata Sweet violet

Lythraceae Loosestrife FamilyLythrum salicaria Purple Loosestrife

Umbelliferae Carrot or Parsley Family

Aegopodium podagraria Goutweed

Pastinaca sativa Wild parsnip

Primulaceae Primrose Family

Lysimachia nummularia Moneywort

Apocynaceae Dogbane Family

Vinca minor Periwinkle

Boraginaceae Borage Family

Myosotis scorpioides True Forget-me-not

Labiatae Mint Family

Ajuga reptans Bugleweed

Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy

Rubiaceae Madder Family

Galium mollugo Wild madder

Campanulaceae Bluebell Family

Campanula Creeping bellflower

rapunculoides

Compositae Aster Family

Achillea millefolium Common yarrow

Centaurea maculosa Spotted Knapweed




Urban Design Manual


Chrysanthemum Ox-eye daisy

leucanthemum

Senecio jacobaea Stinking willieTanacetum vulgare Tansy

Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot

Native Trees and Shrubs of the Waterloo Region NOT

Suitable for General Use in Natural Areas:

The following native species are not recommended for

general use as they are highly restricted to specific

habitats in the Waterloo Region. They should be

planted only in the immediate vicinity of areas where

they now exist or have been reliably documented inthe past. This list has been adapted from lists

authored by the Region of Waterloo and the

Federation of Ontario Naturalists.

Key to Numbers:

1-Regionally Significant to Waterloo

2-Mainly restricted to Carolinian Forest Zone

3-Use only in North Dumfries Township (removed from

following list for Kitchener)

4-Use local genotypes only


Trees:

Pinaceae Pine Family

Picea glauca White spruce 1


Alnus incana Speckled Alder 4

ssp. rugosa

Betula populifolia Grey birch1

Fagaceae Beech Family

Quercus ellipsoidalis Hill’s oak 1,4

Rosaceae Rose FamilySorbus americana Mountain-ash

Shrubs:

Myricaceae Bayberry Family

Comptonia peregrina Sweet-fern 1

Myrica gale Sweet gale 1


Betula pumila Swamp birch 1


Amelanchier humilis Service-, Juneberry

Amelanchier sanguinea Dwarf JuneberryAmelanchier spicata Serviceberry 1

var. stolonifera

Rubus flagellaris Northern dewberry

Rubus hispidus Swamp dewberry

Rubus odoratus Purple-flowering

raspberry 1

Anacardiaceae Cashew Family

Rhus aromatica Fragrant sumac 1

Elaeagnaceae Oleaster FamilyShepherdia canadensis Soapberry 1

Araliaceae Ginseng Family

Aralia hispida Bristly sarsaparilla 1

Pyrolaceae Wintergreen Family

Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa 1,3

Ericaceae Heath Family

Andromeda polifolia Bog-rosemary 1,4

ssp. glaucophylla

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry 4Chamaedaphne Leatherleaf 4

calyculata

Epigaea repens Trailing arbutus 1,4

Gaultheria hispidula Creeping snowberry 1,4

Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen 4

Gaylussacia baccata Black huckleberry 4

Kalmia polifolia Bog-laurel

Ledum groenlandicum Labrador-tea 1,4

Vaccinium corymbosum High-bush blueberry 1,4

Vaccinium macrocarpon Large cranberry 1,4

Vaccinium oxycoccos Small cranberry 1,4Vaccinium pallidum Dryland blueberry 4


Lonicera hirsuta Hairy honeysuckle 1,4

Lonicera oblongifolia Swamp fly-honeysuckle 1,4

Viburnum alnifolium Hobble-bush 1,4



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15.0

LANDSCAPE DESIGN

Landscape Standards:

Appropriate landscaping is required to achieve thefollowing:

• Provide seasonal colour, texture and variety.

• Add visual interest to open spaces, blank facades

and enhance the appearance of building setbacks

and yard areas.

• Soften dominant building mass and provide human

scale for the pedestrian.• Provide definition of public walkways, open areas

and private spaces.

• Provide a consistent visual image between

adjacent properties and streetscape.

• Screen unsightly areas and provide protection

from excessive wind, sun, rain and snow.

• Stabilize steep embankments.

• Mitigate or minimize the visual impact of parking

and service facilities from adjacent properties andstreets.

• Achieve energy conservation and water efficiency.

• Implement design practices which contribute to

successful long-term maintenance.

• Protect natural features and promote tree

conservation.

• Create safe urban environments.

Planting Standards for all Land Uses:Planting Material Specifications

Figure 15.1 indicates the minimum landscapestandards for various types of development. Thesefeatures should be incorporated into the site plan andlater detailed on the landscape plan.

Minimum acceptable sizes for plant material:

• Deciduous Trees: 50 mm caliper for all land uses

except for Residential High Rise where 70 mm

caliper will be required

• Coniferous Trees: 1.8 m high

• Shrubs: 35-50 cm high minimum depending on

species.

The spacing of plant material should account for theultimate size and form of the selected species as wellas intention e.g. screening, shade, aesthetics,naturalizing, rehabilitation, etc.

Sod / seed planting areas shall have a minimumtopsoil depth of 150mm. Shrub planting areas shall

have a minimum topsoil depth of 300mm. Areasaccommodating trees are required to have a minimumof 1.0m continuous soil depth or a minimum of 20m3of soil volume per tree (all depth measurements aretaken from base of root ball or container). Adequatesoil volume should be provided to allow for theexpected mature size of a tree, and, where necessarythis should go beyond the specified minimum of 20cubic meters of soil. Project Landscape Architect toprovide written confirmation to City of Kitchener staffthat soil volumes noted have been achieved prior tocommencement of final planting.

For final acceptance of a project and release of theLetter of Credit, all required plant material must be ingood health and actively growing. Seeded areasshould be well germinated with a minimum of 70%coverage.

Tree Spacing

High branching deciduous trees (shade trees) arerequired along property lines according to Figure 15.2.These trees should have a mature height that isexpected to exceed eleven (11) metres and have anexpected crown spread of nine (9) metres or greater.These perimeter planting requirements are in addition

to other landscape planting requirements that may benecessary for a particular development.

Landscape plantings along property lines servenumerous aesthetic, environmental and socialfunctions and in order for these plantings to thrive,minimum soil depth/volume requirements and aminimum bed-width to property line are required basedon proposed and adjacent land uses. .




Urban Design Manual

LANDSCAPE SITE STANDARDS

Standard Indus Com

High

RiseRes’al

Low Rise

Res’al Instit

Vehicular access to the site is to be defined by accent planting x x x x x Main building entrances to be identified by a landscape area (accentand/or foundation planting) x x x x x

Pedestrian walkways to building entrances to be provided from theparking area x x x x x

Walkways, flush curb & ramps to be provided and designed for peoplewith disabilities x x x x x

Landscaping screening required for parking storage and service areas x x x x x Air vents and underground storage tanks are not to be located in thelandscaped area x x x x x

Children’s recreation facilities c/w walkway connections from the

building to the recreational facilities x x

Where landscaping will be placed on a roof structure, the followingdepths of materials are required:• 15 cm of drainage gravel plus 40 cm topsoil for sod• 15 cm of drainage gravel plus 60 cm topsoil for shrubs• 15 cm of drainage gravel plus 90 cm topsoil for trees

x x x x x

Landscape screening of privacy areas required from adjacentpedestrian walkways, internal roadways, recreational amenities &service areas

x x

Landscape screening and/or fencing required for all exposed parking,ground-level units, service & garbage areas adjacent to other uses x x x x

Streetscape along internal roads x x x Landscape screening of rear yard setbacks between privacy areas oftownhouse blocks x

Patios which may include wood decks required to be a minimum of

11m2 (not including steps) x Privacy screens (1.8m high wood screen fence required between rearprivacy areas of units x

Privacy screen returns may be required depending upon layout oftownhouse blocks x

For large and/or high profile sites, establish focal points or areas ofgreater interest. For example, a sculpture, flower garden, poolfountain, patio, naturalized areas, etc.

x x x

Incorporate landscape features into rest areas to provide protectionfrom environmental elements such as wind, sun, street noise, etc. x x x x x

Construction of berms or grade changes is encouraged to providetopographical relief x x x x x

Bicycle racks x x x x x Intensive landscape treatment required at intersection of municipal

roadways x x x x xPedestrian walkways to be minimum of 1.5m wide

Width of walkway abutting parking stalls is 1.8m minimum. x x x x x

Emergency fire routes, other than vehicular routes, shall conform tothe to the satisfaction of the General Manager of Development andTechnical Services

x x x x x

Retaining walls over 1.0m high require a guard rail at top of the wall x x x x x



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LANDSCAPE SITE STANDARDS

Standard Indus Com HighRise

Res’al

Low RiseRes’al

Instit

Drainage swales shall be graded with gradually sloping banks andsodded for stabilization and ease of maintenance x x x x x

Landscaped portable sign locations x x x Recycling and garbage collection areas. For industrial sites,enclosures are only required if the recycling and garbagecollection area is visible from street.

x x x x x

Curbed traffic islands defining major internal routes to beminimum of 2.6m wide (measured from back face of curb to backface of curb) for plant material installation

x x x x

Ground supported and portable sign locations x x x x x

Community Garden x x Minimum required soil: sod/seed (150mm depth); shrub beds(300mm depth) ; trees (1000mm continuous soil depth or 20m3per tree).

x x x x x

Figure 15.1 Landscape Requirements for Various Land Uses

Figure 15.2: Tree Spacing Requirements Between Proposed and Adjacent Land Uses

Tree Spacing RequirementsBetween Proposed and Adjacent Land Uses

Proposed

Land Use

Adjacent

Commercial

Adjacent

Industrial

Adjacent

Institutional

Adjacent

Residential

AdjacentMunicipal

Street

AdjacentGreen Belt/

Park

Commercial 12 m 9 m 9 m 6 m 7.5 m 9 m

Industrial 9 m 12m 6 m 6 m 7.5 m 9 m

Institutional 9 m 9 m 9 m 6 m 7.5 m 9 m

Residential 6 m 6 m 6 m 6 m 7.5 m 9 m

Municipal Street 7.5 m 7.5 m 7.5 m 7.5 m N/A N/A

Green Belt/Park 9 m 9 m 9 m 9 m N/A N/A

Note:1. All plant material shall be nursery grown in accordance with C.N.L.A.2. Minimum bed width for landscaped areas along property lines in industrial or commercial land uses adjacent to residential

or institutional land uses is 3m. For all other land uses 1.5m bed width is required.3. Minimum 1.0m continuous soil depth or minimum 20m

3of soil volume per tree for all tree planting areas within medians

adjacent to road ways and islands within parking area.




Urban Design Manual

Signage within the Landscape:

All building and ground-based signage is subjectto the City of Kitchener Sign By-law. Sign permitsare required for all permanent and temporarysignage including contractor’s signs for newconstruction. The City of Kitchener Sign By-lawcan be found on-line at:

http://code.municipalworld.com/kitchener/680.pdf

Portable Signs

The key requirements of portable signs are:

•

To keep portable sign locations out of the roadright-of-way and improve the quality of the

streetscape, specific areas must be selected for

the placement of portable signs. Conceptual

layout and landscaping requirements for portable

signs are found in Figure 15.3.

• To be placed in such defined locations as shown

on a landscape plan approved by the Director of

Planning, or designate, for all new development or

redevelopment sites. Landscape plantings are to

skirt the base of the lowest level of the trailer/sign

bed while still providing adequate access to theportable sign.

• Portable signs are prohibited within 0.6m of any lot

line, within 10m of any traffic light, within the

4.57m visibility triangle at an entrance or exit to a

site, or within the 4.57 visibility triangle where two

lots abut at a street line.

Ground Supported Signs

All ground supported signs are subject to the

requirements outlined in the City of Kitchener Sign By-

law and should be designed and located to achieve

the following:

• Signage should not impact or interfere with the

growth of either municipal street trees or on-site

trees. Removal or significant pruning of trees to

accommodate signage is not acceptable. A

minimum separation distance of 10 metres from

any existing or proposed tree trunk for signs

greater than 2.5 metres in height is required.

• Signage should not clutter the streetscape by way

of graphic overload or too much information.

• Signage should compliment the architectural

design and materials of the building(s) found on

site.

• Signage should be integrated into the landscape

design for the development and be illustrated on

the approved Landscape Plan.

• Signage shall not obstruct drivers’ views of

approaching pedestrians or vehicular traffic.

Parking Lots:

Landscape plantings, including trees, are required

both around the perimeter of parking lots and on

parking lot islands internally on the site.

Landscaping of parking lots shall:

• Provide an aesthetically pleasing view from the

street.

• Break up the monotony of large expansive parking

surfaces.

• Reduce summer pavement temperatures.

• Unify, through landscaping, the appearance of the

subject site and co-ordinate it with the surrounding

development.

• Screen adjacent areas from headlights, and the

view of cars.

• Define access aisles to and from parking facilities.

• Attractively and efficiently separate adjacent

parking lots under separate ownership and servingseparate developments (except in cases of joint

legal access).

• Counter balance the ecological deterioration

caused by extensive pavement area and exhaust

emissions from automobiles.

• Promote the safety and orientation of users.



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Figure 15.3: Conceptual Layout and Landscape Requirements for Portable Signs




Urban Design Manual

Figure 15.4: Site Plan Illustrating Sign Restrictions for Sight Visibility

Figure 15.5: Planting Areas for Parking Lots



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Landscape Development External to the Parking

Lot:

When a parking lot is located adjacent to a public right-

of-way, a landscaped strip shall be provided on theproperty between the parking lot and the r ight-of-way.The landscaped strip may not include any paved areaexcept pedestrian walkways and parking lot andloading zone driveways which cross the landscapedstrip.

Any of the following landscaped strip treatments maybe used alone or in combination:

• Provide a minimum 3 metre wide landscaped strip

between the right-of-way and the parking lot which

is to be planted with a minimum of one (1) shade

tree and twelve (12) square metres of shrub bed

per 7.5 metres of frontage.

• Provide a minimum three (3) metre wide

landscaped strip and a maximum one (1) metre

grade drop from the right-of-way line to the

adjacent parking lot pavement. Plant the resulting

embankment with a minimum of one (1) shade

tree and eight (8) square metres of shrub bed per

7.5 linear metres of frontage, excluding driveway

openings


landscaped strip and a berm, the top of which is at

least 0.75 metres higher than the elevation of the

adjacent parking lot pavement. The slope of the

berm shall not exceed 33% (3:1) for lawn areas.

Berms planted with ground covers and shrubs may

be steeper. However, no slope shall exceed 50%

(2:1). Berms should be graded to appear as

smooth, rounded, naturalistic forms. Avoid narrow

bumps, which result from creating too much height

for the width of the space. Plant with a minimum of

one (1) shade tree and eight (8) square metres of

shrub bed per 7.5 linear metres of frontage,

excluding driveway openings


landscaped strip between the right-of-way line and

the parking lot, with a 0.91 metre high brick, stone

or finished concrete wall to screen the parking lot.

Plant with a minimum of one (1) shade tree per 7.5

linear metres of frontage and four (4) square

metres of shrub beds abutting the wall per 7.5

linear metres of frontage undisturbed.The equivalent number of trees and combining ofshrub beds can be provided in a group or groupingsalong the landscaped strip. No shrub shall be morethan 0.6 metres high within the first metre parallel tothe property line. The remaining shrubs are to bemaintained at a maximum height of 1.2 metres, forsafety reasons and 1 metre maximum height within avisibility triangle.

The above noted groupings will provide opportunitiesfor visibility windows, mass shrub bed plantings, andpedestrian access points. The use of these groupings

will discourage monotonous linear planting andencourage imagination in design and layout.

Landscape Requirements Around the Edge of

Parking Lots for Vehicular Sales Facilities:

When a vehicular sales facility is located adjacent to apublic right-of-way, a three (3) metre wide landscapestrip shall be provided as per the requirementscontained in “Landscape Development External to theParking Lot”. The parking lot area landscape striprequirements for vehicular sales facilities will allow forthe creation of picture frame(s) along streets for

vehicular sales display.

The following formula shall be used to determine thedisplay area allowed per street frontage: LinearDistance of Street Frontage (from lot line to lot line orfrom lot line to corner in metres) x 0.25 = Display area(in metres). Vehicles in the display area shall belocated behind a continuous 30 cm height planting andall vehicles shall be parked at grade.

Landscape Requirements for Development Internal

to a Parking Lot:

• Divide lot into smaller sections by the use of

curbed, landscaped islands and peninsulas.

• Islands (and circulation aisles) should be oriented

in the direction of pedestrian movement.

• Islands or peninsulas are required at the end of

the parking aisles.




Urban Design Manual

• Landscaped planting areas, measured from

backside of curb, shall have a minimum dimension

of 2.5 m.

• Islands and peninsulas are to be 1 m shorter (faceof curb) than the length of the adjacent parking

stall.

• Planting area shall contain no more than one

shade tree per 11.5 square metres, minimum 50

mm caliper shade tree and suitable ground cover;

not pavement or turf.

• No vehicular parking space shall be located farther

than twenty five metres (25m) from an interior

shade tree planting area. In addition, the

maximum number of parking stalls in aconsecutive row is 20 with a planting island

separating the next 20 stalls or drive aisle.

• Planting islands are to be designed to hold 1

shade tree, minimum 50mm caliper, or 2

ornamental single stem trees (e.g. Serviceberry,

Crabapple, Silk Lilac, etc.) and a minimum one

half of the island area to be covered with shrubs or

perennial plantings. (Note: materials other than

trees should be specified to be 0.9m high or less)

and trees must be limbed up with no branchesbetween 0.9m and 1.6m high.

• All interior landscaped planting areas must be

protected from the encroachment of automobile

traffic by continuous concrete curbing.

• Plant material should be carefully chosen for

parking lot treatments having such qualities as:

• Pollution, salt and drought tolerant.

• Easily maintained.

•

Free of nuisance fruit or berries.

• Hardy and strongly branched.

• Ground cover rather than turf under trees.

• Plant material at intersections shall not obstruct

drivers’ views of approaching pedestrians or

vehicular traffic and must be less than 0.9m in

height.

• Consideration must be given in the landscape

design for winter maintenance/snow plowing and

snow storage.

Irrigation Systems:

The City requires the installation of undergroundirrigation systems for commercial properties andprestigious industrial sites (i.e. Lancaster CorporateCentre, sites zoned B-3, sites adjacent to Regionalroads). This requirement applies to ornamentalplantings within the streetscape. It is also highlyencouraged to install underground irrigation systemsfor areas of high stress such as interior landscapedplanting areas in parking lots. The City also highlyrecommends underground irrigation systems forindustrial, multi-residential and institutional sites.

Irrigation Design Criteria are as follows:

• Commercial properties require irrigation

everywhere, including parking islands.

• Cultivated landscaped areas shall be watered with

an irrigation system.

• Irrigation sprinkler layouts shall be designed to

minimize the amount of spray that will fall on

sidewalks, neighbouring properties, and adjacent

buildings.

• Back flow prevention devices shall be placed per

Ontario Regulation 815/84, plumbing code under

Ontario Water Resources Act.

• The City encourages the use of water efficiency

system design and materials and the use of drip

irrigation where appropriate, depending on site

conditions (i.e. soil type, etc.).

• All underground irrigation systems shall be

designed and certified by a Landscape Architect ora certified irrigation designer.

• Specifications for the irrigation system shall

include a watering schedule with amendments for

seasonal changes. Water used for irrigation shall

be minimized to the amount needed to maintain

adequate plant health and growth.



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Urban Design Manual

• Install separate control valves for turf and non-turf

areas and to accommodate different water use

requirements within each control valve circuit.

• If a system is found to have overspray resulting inwater wasted on paved or street areas, then

system modifications to prevent overspray will be

required before the release of the letter of credit.

• In some areas, low angle trajectory sprinklers with

pressure compensating devices, bubblers, or drip

irrigation should be used to prevent excessive loss

of water due to dissipation from winds and surface

runoff.

• The following irrigation system information should

be included:

• Location and type of all sprinkler heads.

• Size of mainline and irrigation piping.

• Location and size of water meter.

• Location of backflow prevention device.

• Location, size and circuit numbers of all

valves.

• Location of irrigation controller.

• A table showing the manufacturer and modelnumber of all parts used in the irrigation plan.

• Location of rain sensors and/or tensiometer (a

sensor which measures soil moisture and

salinity) to avoid over watering.

Community Garden:

The following are standards for the development of acommunity garden within a high rise or multi-residential development:

•

Supply a minimum of one garden plot per every 18units within the development.

• Supply a minimum of 2.35 sq. m of garden area

per unit.

• Gardens are suggested to be 4.6 m x 4.6 m with a

minimum of 1.5 m walkway around each garden to

allow access to each side of a garden plot.

• Supply a hose bib for watering within a 30 m

radius of any garden plot.

• Supply a location (room at ground floor with an

outside door or a garden shed) for the storage oftenants’ rakes, shovels, hoses, etc.

• Ensure that the community garden location

receives sufficient sunlight.

Invasive Non-Native Species:

The planting of aggressive non-native species withinor adjacent to woodlands or natural areas isdiscouraged in order to help safeguard the long termecological integrity of these areas. Section 14contains a list of trees and shrubs native to the

Waterloo Region and a list of aggressive alien specieswhich are not to be planted in the vicinity of woodlandsand natural areas.

Native Trees and Shrubs in Waterloo Region:

The species making up this list are indigenous to theWaterloo Region and some are Regionally Significant.Species restricted to the Carolinian Forest Zone havebeen highlighted. Although most Carolinian speciesare only found in North Dumfries Township some dooccur north of this area (e.g. Juniperus virginiana,Eastern Red Cedar). A complete listing of the Native

Trees and Shrubs of Waterloo Region is located inSection 14.

Landscape Plan Submission Requirements:

All landscape plans are to bear the LandscapeArchitect’s “Ontario Association of LandscapeArchitects” membership stamp and signature.Where it has been determined by the City’s Director ofPlanning that the proposed development will requirelimited landscaping, the requirement above will bewaived with the provision that it will be reinstated ifsatisfactory landscape plans have not been produced

after two formal submissions.

Landscape plan(s) submissions are to conform to theCity’s approved Site Plan. The grading is to conform tothe Site Grading, Drainage and Siltation ErosionControl Plan and Storm Water Management Plans forthis project as submitted by the Professional Engineer(s) for the project.




Urban Design Manual

Landscape Plan(s) submissions are to be final designand working drawings. All landscape plan(s)submissions are to be FOLDED to letter or legal size.

All landscape plan(s) submissions are to be submittedat a maximum scale of 1:250.

Landscape plans are to include the followinginformation and drawing instructions:

• A Key Plan at a scale of approximately 1:10,000

indicating the exact location of the site with a north

arrow.

• Natural features which are existing and those

which the developer has designated for

preservation, shall be indicated.

• Existing and proposed contours.

• Top and bottom of bank contours of all water

courses within the property.

• Adjacent roads and properties surrounding the

subject lands are to be adequately marked with

spot elevations to show the slope of the land.

• Proposed walls within the project boundaries are

to be marked with “top of wall” and “bottom of wall”

elevations.

• Steps shall be shown indicating their number and

size. Spot elevations are to be shown at the top

and bottom of the steps - drainage and flow arrows

to indicate direction of drainage.

• All catch basins and sub-drains shall be clearly

marked with proposed spot elevations.

• Building entrances and spot elevations at each

entrance (door and garages) and show the

finished ground floor elevations of all buildings.

• Location and elevation of underground structures.

• Location of walkways, parking lots, screens,

garbage enclosures, protective fencing, exterior

lighting, street furniture, hydrants, curbs, ground

supported and portable signs, and all other

existing and proposed features.

• Location of all temporary contractor signs,

development notices, zone change notices, etc.

must be indicated on landscape and site plans.

• Plant material is to be clearly located and labeledwith a key system. A plant list is to include the full

botanical name, common name, quantity, caliper,

height, spread and special remarks.

• Planting details - coniferous and deciduous trees

and shrubs (stalking, guying, installation, etc.).

• Soil depth/volume, types and additives (fertilizers,

peat moss, mulch etc.).

• Landscape structures - benches, play structures,

fences, walkways, garbage enclosure, retaining

walls, planters, stairs, ramps, etc.

• Playground structure details and CSA design

standard certification

• Surface materials should be specified and

installation details provided e.g.paving, sodding,

seeding, etc.

• All existing trees to be either preserved or

removed are to be accurately located and clearly

identified as to the species, diameter and condition

on the plan. If these trees are large, they shouldbe dealt with on an individual basis, otherwise,

general areas of small trees or shrub growth may

be shown. Trees on adjacent properties that will

be impacted by the proposed development should

also be noted.

• Type and location of all easements, sight triangles

and road widenings.

• Adult’s and children’s amenity areas should be

illustrated and fully dimensioned.

• Snow storage areas or methods of snow disposal.

• The following declarations should be included on

all Landscape Plans:



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Urban Design Manual

Fencing Requirements:

Wood Fencing

The following are standards for typical solid screen

fencing:

• Height to be 1.8 m unless otherwise noted on the

approved site plan.

• Footings minimum 1.2 m deep poured concrete in

sonotubes.

• Posts maximum of 2.4 m on centre.

• Fasteners are to be non-corrosive (e.g. galvanized

rail hangers or brackets).

Chain Link Fence

Galvanized chain link fencing is to be detailed and

installed in a manner conforming to the detail found in

Figure 15.6.

Acoustical Walls

The design and structure of acoustical walls are to becertified by the Consulting Engineer for the project andapproved by the Regional Municipality of Waterloo andthe Supervisor of Site Plan Development,Development and Technical Services, City ofKitchener.

I hereby certify that the Landscape Plans and theSite Grading, Drainage and Erosion Control, andStorm Water Management Plans for this project arecoordinated with respect to proposed works and site

conditions.

_________________________________________ Signature and stamp (if applicable) of LandscapeArchitect/Designer:

__________________________________________ Date

___________________________________________ Signature and stamp of the ProfessionalConsultant(s) for Site Grading, Drainage andSiltation Control, and Storm Water Management.

__________________________________________ Date

We agree to implement the approved landscapeplans within one year of the date of firstoccupancy and will retain the LandscapeArchitect/Designer to make periodic site

inspections and on completion of the landscapeworks, we will forward to you a copy of the SiteDevelopment Works Notification Form from theLandscape Architect/Designer.Any revision to the landscape plans will besubmitted to the Urban Designer, City ofKitchener, before commencement of the works,for review and approval.We hereby authorize the City, its employees,agents or contractors to enter upon our land towhich these drawings apply, to complete therequired site development works and agree toindemnify the City and its authorized agents andsave them harmless from any and all actionsarising out of the exercises by the City, its

employees, agents or contractors of the rightshereby given to them. And we further undertaketo notify the City forthwith of any change ofownership of the said lands.

_______________________________________ Signature of Owner

_______________________________________ Name of Owner

_______________________________________

Address

_______________________________________ Date

______________________________________________ Telephone




Urban Design Manual

Figure 15.6: Chain link Fence Details



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Urban Design Manual

Cycling Facilities

The design of our urban areas has a significant impact

on people’s ability/willingness to cycle. The bikewayand trail network recommended in the City’s BikewaysStudy and the Regional Cycling Master Plan identifiesa network of routes and design specifications intendedto make cycling a comfortable, safe and viable modeof transportation. Development in all land uses willprovide bicycle parking according to the appropriaterate noted below and be designed and located toachieve the following criteria.

Bicycle racks must be designed so that they:

• Do not bend wheels or damage other bicycleparts.

• Have two points of contact with the bike.

• Accommodate U-shape locks which secure the

frame and both wheels.

• Are separated from motor vehicles.

• Do not interfere with pedestrians.

• Are covered where users will leave their bikes for

longer periods of time.

• Are easily accessible from the street.

• Are securely anchored to a hard surface or a

structure.

Bicycle Parking:

Dimensions

• Bicycle parking spaces should be at least 1.8

metres long and 0.6 metres wide, and overhead

clearance in covered spaces should be at least 2.1metres.

• A 1.5 metre aisle for bicycle maneuvering should

be provided and maintained beside or between

each row of bicycle parking.

Covered Parking

The Canadian climate permits cycling virtually yearround. Leaving bicycles parked and exposed toprecipitation for longer periods of time is a deterrent tocycling in inclement weather. To promotetransportation based on cycling, sheltered bicycleparking should be provided to encourage cycling in allweather conditions.

Covered parking is necessary for land uses wherelong-term bicycle parking is anticipated, for example,some residential, institutional, commercial andindustrial uses having concentrated numbers of users.For customers, visitors and other occasional short-term users, covered parking is also beneficial.Covered spaces can be building or roof overhangs,awnings, lockers or bicycle storage spaces within

buildings.

The effectiveness of bicycle parking is oftendetermined by location. To reduce theft, a highlyvisible location with pedestrian traffic is preferable toobscure and dark corners. Because of its smaller sizethe bicycle can be parked closer to the rider’sdestination than a car.

Bicycle parking should be located in well lit, securelocations within 15 metres of the main entrance to abuilding, but not further from the entrance than theclosest automobile parking space, but in no casefurther than 15 metres from an entrance where severaentrances are involved. Curb cuts at the rack locationdiscourage users from riding on the sidewalk to accessthe racks.

Bicycle Parking Requirements

Land Use Required Number of

Spaces

All land uses except

school-related

Institutional

10% of the number of

automobile spaces required

by the zoning by-law

College or University 6% of the number of

students plus 10% of

required parking spaces

Primary or Secondary

School

10% of the number of

students plus 10% of

required parking spaces




Urban Design Manual

Garbage/Recycling Collection Structures:

A structure to accommodate garbage and recycling -complete with roof, walls and a solid door – is requiredfor all multi-residential, institutional and commercialdevelopments. Enclosures must be constructed ofmaterial that is similar to or compatible with thearchitecture of the main buildings.

Additional storage for materials that relate to theproposed development may be required e.g. storageof oil/grease recycling, coffee grounds or auto parts.

Collection facilities associated with restaurants,grocery stores, etc. contain a higher percentage offood waste. It is preferred that such uses integrategarbage/recycling storage within the main building andincorporate adequate ventilation and seals to ensure

rodent resistance and odor prevention. If HVACequipment is utilized for garbage/recycling enclosuresit must be screened in accordance with the provisionsof Section 7.0.

Garbage/recycling storage facilities shall not besituated next to a rear or side lot line that abutsexisting or potential residential uses.

Industrial developments are required to have completeenclosures only when visible from a public street.

Required building setbacks will apply to all structures.

Although stand alone facilities may be used forfacilities associated with any form of medical or dentaluse, waste storage should, preferably, be locatedwithin the main building. All medical waste storagefacilities must contain an effective locking mechanismfor security purposes.

As an alternative to a full enclosure, deep wellcollection systems may be used for any commercialinstitutional or multi-residential development.

All garbage/recycling storage areas are to be designed

such that they are easily accessible by servicevehicles and do not require the collection vehicle toreverse out onto a public street.



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16.0

COMMUNITY TRAILS

Definitions

Community Trails are both a recreational facility and anon-vehicular traffic route. Community trails provide fora variety of recreational experiences, are universallyaccessible and are included in all land usedesignations throughout the city.

Standards

Community Trails shall be located throughout the Cityas identified in the Leisure Facilities Strategic Plan,Community Plans, Greenspace Management Plans,

Kitchener Bikeway Study and Plans of Subdivision.The primary corridors for Community Trails areprovided by hydro corridors, floodplains, streamcourses, parks, stormwater management areas,abandoned railway lines, woodlands, wetlands andother natural areas.

Planning and Engineering:

Community Trails are a component of the urbaninfrastructure and are a requirement within all Plans ofSubdivision.

Community Trails and the requirements to implementthese facilities shall be considered in the preparationof:

• City of Kitchener Subdivision Manual

• Community Plans

• Greenspace Management Plans

• Environmental Impact Statements for Subdivisions

• Draft Plans of Subdivision

• Grading Control Plans for Subdivisions

• Subdivision Agreements

The planning, design, engineering and final grading ofall Community Trail routes shall be provided by thedeveloper in all Plans of Subdivision.

Trail Grading Requirements:

Grade:

• 5% preferred

• 8% maximum

• 20% maximum over distances of one meter or less

Cross Slope:

• 2% preferred

• 5% maximum

• 10% maximum over distances of one meter or less

Width:

• Rough grading - 4.0 meters

• Trail Surface – 3.0 meters

Excavation:

Existing soil topsoil shall be removed to a depth of 0.3

meters (300mm) to provide for surfacing material

installation. Unsuitable soil shall be removed to

additional depths as required and replaced withstructural fill and compacted to 95% spd.

Excavation may be deleted in woodlands or other

areas where damage to tree roots or other vegetation

would occur. Filling only with trail surfacing is

acceptable in these instances.

Drainage:

Concentrated surface runoff shall not be directedacross or along the proposed trail surface. Swales orculverts shall be provided within the trail corridor.

Surfacing:

The sub-grade shall be compacted to 95% spd, exceptin woodlands. Granular base course of 50mm gravelto a depth of 200mm. Surface of recycled asphalt to adepth of 50mm or other surfacing as required for slopeconditions, including oil and chip, hot laid asphalt andboardwalks.




Urban Design Manual

Erosion:

Re-vegetation of graded trail corridor shall be providedto prevent soil Erosion.

Accessibility by the physically challenged shall beconsidered in the location and grading of CommunityTrails. All trails need not be accessible to thephysically challenged, but a representationalexperience of all natural areas must be provided to alltrail users. Alternative routes shall be identified whichare accessible to the physically challenged if theprimary trail is not.

Vehicle Control Barriers:

Bollards and standard park gates are required at allintersections with roadways or other vehicle routes to

control vehicle access and user safety.

Signage:

Standard post type signage is required at all roadwayintersections.

Details:

Figure 16.1: Community Trail Entrance Sign

Figure 16.2: Community Trail Road Crossing

Figure 16.3: Community Trail Bollard

Figure 16.4: Community Trail Asphalt Paving

Figure 16.5: Community Trail Stonedust Paving

Figure 16.6: Community Trail Metal Gate



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Figure 16.1: Community Trail Entrance Sign




Urban Design Manual

Figure 16.2: Community Trail Road Crossing



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Figure 16.3: Community Trail Bollard




Urban Design Manual

Figure 16.4: Community Trail Asphalt Paving



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Figure 16.5: Community Trail Stonedust Paving




Urban Design Manual

Figure 16.6: Community Trail Metal Gate



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Urban Design Manual

17.0BUILDING DESIGNAND SUSTAINABLE

DESIGN ELEMENTS INTHE RIGHT OF WAY

In January 2007 the Province’s Planning andConservation Statute Law Amendment Act (Bill 51)came into effect and in the spring of 2009 the City ofKitchener amended its Official Plan and Site PlanControl By-law to make use of the new legislativepowers afforded by Bill 51 to require and review plans,elevations and cross sections addressing the exteriordesign of buildings and sustainable design elementswithin municipal right-of-ways.

These legislative changes enabled the City to“promote development that is attractive, well-integrated and environmentally sustainable” and are inkeeping with the City’s vision to further advance itsUrban Design framework.

The Site Plan Review Committee endeavours toachieve site and building designs of the highest caliberby evaluating each application on a site-by-site basis.This Urban Design Manual and the component DesignBriefs serve as guiding documents and referencepoints in the review of Site Plan applications andsubordinate plans and documents. The Committee is

cognizant of the fact that each application is differentand therefore flexibility is critical to the interpretation ofthe Manual’s design standards. The committeebalances this need for flexibility against the need forconsistency and fairness.

As a condition of Site Plan Approval, all proposals foreither new development or for redevelopment will berequired to submit and have approved drawingsshowing plan, elevation and cross-section views for allbuildings to be erected. This includes all buildings tobe used for residential purposes regardless of thenumber of units.

Plans should be submitted that are sufficiently detailedto illustrate the following exterior building designconsiderations including, without limitation:• Character• Scale• Appearance• Design features• Sustainable design.

Building materials specifications and colour renderingswill be required and samples of proposed materialsmay be requested.

The exterior design of all buildings proposed throughsite plan as well as proposed sustainable streetscapedesign elements shall be consistent with all applicableCouncil-approved design policies, guidelines anddesign briefs.




Urban Design Manual

18.0PUBLIC ART

Definitions

Public Art is artwork located on sites in publiclyaccessible spaces to provide visual stimulation,cultural enrichment and a sense of place; public artshould be viewed broadly to include visual art, buildingelements and landscape design. Artwork creates arelationship between communities and development.

Standards

• The City of Kitchener shall allocate one percent of

the budget for civic building construction or

renovation projects over $1,000,000 towards theprovision of art to be displayed in pubic areas, or

as part of the building structure.

• The City of Kitchener will encourage new

commercial and institutional construction or

renovations to include the provision for public art

in the construction budget.

• Public art may play a functional or decorative

purpose within buildings, on specific development

sites, or strategic community locations. It is

intended that the application of the concept ofPublic Art include a wide range of art forms.

Building or landscape elements, such as

fountains, decorative doorways, signage,

architectural features, lobby or other public area

design elements, murals, sculpture or other

graphic expressions of any materials (glass, metal,

concrete, fabric, wood, neon, etc.) are considered

public art and may be used.

• The following considerations should be taken into

account in determining the location for public art:

• Public art is encouraged to be integrated into

the site and conceived with the historical and

future context in mind.

• Public art opportunities should be identified in

the conceptual stages in any project or public

work development in order to provide a well-

balanced program that can be successfully

integrated with the construction phase of the

development.

• Public art is to be cited in the request forproposal of all eligible projects.

• Public art should be sited at the more publicly

accessible parts of the site.

• Public art should be sited in a manner which

does not jeopardize other design objectives

such as providing clear sight l ines, barrier-free

access and personal safety and security.

• In the development of any project or community

plan, the City may identify and suggest

opportunities for public art within the specific

development or community area.

• Public Art competitions are selected by jury

process as facilitated by City staff (Arts & Culture

Coordinator) and members of the Public Art

Working Group. To assist in the development of

site artwork theme and design, the following public

criteria may be considered:

• What are the ages and socio-cultural

backgrounds of the community expected to

use this space?

• How can an art work pay particular attention to

the needs of children - to stimulate curiosity

and imagination, encourage play and

exploration?

• How may the special needs of the elderly be

taken into account - providing seats, shade,

places to talk, places to watch people?

• What is the history of the area or of the site:

what images could be drawn upon to offer acommunity memory of the area?

• What are some characteristic traditions,

festivities, celebrations, social events in the

community?

• Are there local writers, artists, philosophers,

scientists, community leaders who could be



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celebrated in an imaginative work of public

art?

• What are the occupations or industries that

were originally prevalent in the area, or onwhich the community was founded?

• Are there any stories or legends associated

with the region?

• What historical event took place on the site -

or recent events that are worthy of

remembrance?

• How can the placement of the art work

enhance the way people use the space?

• How can access by pedestrians of all ages beensured?

• How can one ensure that the art work is in a

public space - that is, accessible at all times

and not under private management?

• What level of durability and maintenance will

be required given the sites’ weather

conditions?




Urban Design Manual

19.0

REQUIREDSUPPLEMENTARY

STUDIESFor many development proposals additional studies ordocumentation may be required as either part of theinitial site plan application or as a condition of finalapproval. The need for and scope of any requiredstudy is generally determined at the pre-applicationstage for the proposal. Occasionally, the need foradditional information may not be apparent until theformal site plan application is reviewed.

Satisfactory completion of all required studies and thesubsequent implementation of all approvedrecommendations related to the issue will be includedin the conditions of final approval and the registereddevelopment agreement for the proposal.Examples of possible supplementary studies couldinclude but are not limited to:

• Angular Plane Analysis

• Heritage Impact Assessment

• Noise Study

• Record of Site Conditions

• Snow Deposition Analysis

• Transportation Impact Study

• Transportation Demand Management (TDM)

• Urban Design Brief

• Viewshed Analysis

• Wind Study

• Salt Management Report

• Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design

(CPTED) Report



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HERTIAGE IMPACTASSESSMENT

Standards

Requirements of the Heritage ImpactAssessment:

The following typically make up the minimum requiredcomponents of a Heritage Impact Assessment:

• Identification and evaluation of the significance of

the heritage resources, including the completion of

a detailed occupational and/or site biography.

• Documentation of the heritage resources by way

of photographs and/or measured drawings, and by

mapping the context and setting of the heritage

resources.

• An outline of the context of the development

proposal as submitted, including identification of

the potential impact the proposal would have on

the heritage resources identified.

• Identification of several conservation options.

Conservation options should be based on the

determination of the significance of the heritage

resources in the area, its importance to the

community, and should take into consideration

existing Federal, Provincial, Regional and

Municipal policies and standards as appropriate.

The ‘pros’ and ‘cons’ of each conservation option

in favour of preserving the integrity and value of

the resource shall be clearly identified and a

preferred option recommended. Examples of

conservation options include but are not limited to

the following:

Avoidance Mitigation:Preservation/Conservation

• This refers to maintaining the heritage resources

without altering it or its setting. Some degree of

restoration and/or rehabilitation work may be

required to properly preserve the resource.

Adaptive Re-Use

• This option is used when a heritage resource can

be recycled, often for a new function. Restoration

and/or rehabilitation is usually involved.

Consideration should be given to whether the newuse of the heritage resource renders its

significance invalid.

Incorporation

• This is an adaptive re-use strategy that typically

requires significant alteration. An addition may be

incorporated into the heritage resource to provide

more living space or accommodate a new function

or the heritage resource may itself be incorporated

into a much larger building, leaving all or part of

the original exterior and interior. Where AdaptiveRe-Use and Incorporation strategies are

considered, development may occur around the

heritage resource and create a sympathetic

context where adjacent development would be

compatible in style and form to the resource being

preserved.

Salvage Mitigation:

Where it is not possible to retain the heritage resourceintact, other less preferable options may be considered

such as Salvage Mitigation, recognizing however thatsuch options should be regarded as “last resorts”,acceptable only after other options have beenconsidered and demonstrated not to be viable.Salvage mitigation strategies for Heritage Resourceslisted in order of preference include:

Relocation

• This option includes relocating a heritage resource

away from the development to another setting.

Consideration should be given to whether the new

location of the resource renders its significanceinvalid.

Ruinification

• Allows the exterior of a heritage resource to stand

as a monument after the interior has been

completely removed.




Urban Design Manual

Symbolic Conservation

• Includes recovering unique or important

components of a heritage resource and

incorporating those components into theconstruction of new buildings, or copying

distinctive elements of the lost resource into the

subsequent development.

Conservation options recommending the retention ofall or part of the heritage resources shall identify thelot(s) or block(s) on which the heritage resourcesshould be located. In addition, the ‘preferred option’shall identify recommended mitigative measures thatwould minimize adverse or negative impacts to theheritage resources, including its loss or destruction,

diminishing its heritage significance or preventing itsuse or appreciation as a heritage resource. Forheritage resources where impacts cannot be avoidedor otherwise mitigated, demolition may be considered.A detailed explanation why the application ofconservation options is not possible must be provided.Heritage Impact Assessments shall be completed byindividuals who are qualified to comment on thevarious issues to be addressed in the assessment. Tosome extent some of the information to be included inthe assessment is available “in house” from the CityHeritage Planner, Heritage Kitchener (the LocalArchitectural Conservation Advisory Committee), and

through the developer or applicant. Otherrequirements of the assessment may require theservices of a professional heritage consultant.

STREET LEVEL

WIND/SNOW IMPACT

STUDY

The design and positioning of new buildings shall haveregard for the potential impact that the developmentmay have on ground level wind conditions both on the

proposed site and adjacent streets, sites and openspace areas. New development should not alterexisting wind conditions to the extent that it creates oraggravates conditions of wind turbulence and velocitywhich hamper pedestrian movement, or whichdiscourage the use of open space areas.

The street level wind impact study shall be sufficient todescribe the predicted street level wind conditionsassociated with the proposed development and the

measures or design modifications that may be taken toreduce adverse wind conditions to more acceptablelevels. Where preliminary findings warrant a moredetailed approach, the wind impact statement shall

include a wind tunnel analysis of the project.

The requirements for a wind impact statement may beimposed at an early stage in the consideration ofapplications for rezoning or site plan review. A streetlevel wind impact study will quantify and compareexisting wind conditions with the estimated conditionsthat would occur with the proposed development andbe evaluated against standard appropriate comfortcriteria for the City of Kitchener.

The study should also include recommendations forreducing any potential negative wind related impacts

from the development proposal including mitigation ordesign alteration.

In our region where snow can be a factor, snowloading and drifting can cause serious problems forbuildings and structures. Snow accumulationincreases structural loads, sometimes to the point offailure and drifts can obstruct roadways, walkways,and building entries.

In some instances, a snow deposition study may berequired as part of the site plan approval process.

SHADOW STUDIES ANDANGULAR PLANEANALYSIS

Shadow studies and / or Angular Plane Analysis maybe requested in support of applications for re-zoning orsite plan approval to demonstrate that the height,massing and/or location of a building will not createunacceptable impacts on adjacent lands.

These studies may be requested by the City forbuildings greater than 12.0 m in height which mayimpact adjacent residential properties, public parkland

or open spaces.



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20.0LETTER OF CREDITPOLICY FOR SITE

DEVELOPMENTWORKS

Requirements for Cost Estimate and Letter ofCredit:

For development proposals approved under Section41 of the Planning Act - Site Plan Approval - the Citymay require the completion of a cost estimate forrequired site development works and the posting ofperformance securities to be held against thecompletion of such works. This security is mostcommonly in the form of a Letter of Credit or certified

cheque.

The cost estimate and required securities must besubmitted prior to final site plan approval.

The full text of the City of Kitchener’s current Letter ofCredit Policy can be found at:

http://www.kitchener.ca/pdf/site_plan_letter_of_credit.pdf

A fillable spreadsheet version of the current cost

estimate form is available at:

http://www.kitchener.ca/pdf/site_plan_letter_of_credit_ chart.xls



Urban Design Manual

21.0SITE ALTERATIONAND TREE

CONSERVATION

Site Alteration By-law

The City of Kitchener passed By-law 2010-43prohibiting or regulating the placing or dumping of fill,the removal of soil and the alteration of the grade ofland. Under this By-law ‘site alteration’ activities onproperties 0.405 hectares (1 acre) and greater mayrequire a Site Alteration Permit be obtained. SiteAlteration Permits are administered by the EngineeringServices Department. Additional information can befound at:http://www.kitchener.ca/city_hall/departments/devtech

_services/planning/tree_conservation.html

Tree Conservation By-law

The City of Kitchener passed By-law 2010-42prohibiting or regulating the destruction or injuring oftree(s). Under this By-law the destruction or injuring ofa tree(s) on properties 0.405 hectares (1 acre) andgreater may require a Tree Conservation Permit to beobtained. Tree Conservation Permits are administeredby the Planning Department. Additional informationcan be found at:http://www.kitchener.ca/city_hall/departments/devtech

_services/engineering/development/site_alteration.html

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