Date post: | 17-Dec-2015 |
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3.3Europeans Settle North America
Claims in North America
• A northwest trade route to Asia through North America = huge profits
• Route does not exist – countries settle instead
• France, England, Holland establish colonies in North America
New France
• Explore what is today, Canada• Samuel de Champlain founds Quebec – becomes capital
of New France• Marquette & Joliet explore Great Lakes & upper
Mississippi River• de La Salle explores lower Mississippi – claims entire
Mississippi River Valley for France• Fur trade becomes primary economic activity
England’s Claims
• Jamestown (Virginia) = first English settlement in North America
• Jamestown (1607) was a disaster• Settlers want gold instead of crops
• Built on swamp – diseases spread
• 70 % of people die
• Tobacco saves Jamestown
England Claims
• New England founded• Pilgrims escape religious persecution – land in Plymouth,
Massachusetts
• Puritans come to New England – goal = build model community for other Christians
• More successful than Jamestown because many families
The Fight for North America
• The French and Indian War• English settlers push west into French territory past
Appalachian Mountains
• England oppress natives
• Natives ally with French
• England wins
Native American Response
• French and Dutch cooperate with natives due to fur trade
• England want to expand colonies – take land of Native Americans
• English feel Native Americans are heathen
• Metacom = Native American leader attacks English villages• English respond by attacking tribes – English win
• Disease wipes out Native Americans• Effects = can’t defend territory; major labor shortage