3.4.4 The Breathing System in the Human3.4.7.H Carbon Dioxide: A Controlling Factor in

Gaseous Exchange

Follow-Me – iQuiz

Q. What is the average breathing rate at rest?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

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Q. What is the function of the larynx?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

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Q. Name the blood vessel that returns blood rich in oxygen to the heart.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. State a possible effect of smoking on the breathing resting rate.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Where is the epiglottis?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. Name the muscles that are used in breathing.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. True or False. Humans receive oxygen from the air they inhale.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. What is the role of alveoli in the lungs?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. State the location in the human body of the intercostal muscles.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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Q. Give one way in which water is lost from the body.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. Give one feature of the alveoli that allows efficient exchange of gases.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. What is the function of cilia in the breathing system?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

Please CLICK on THIS BOX

for the Next Question

Q. Name the main gas transported in the pulmonary artery.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. Name the process involved in the passage of gas between the alveolus and the blood.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

Please CLICK on THIS BOX

for the Next Question

Q. What is the function of the epiglottis?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. How did you measure the breathing resting rate?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. True or False. Humans receive nitrogen from the air they inhale for protein manufacture.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. The trachea contains rings of cartilage. Suggest a function of this cartilage.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

Please CLICK on THIS BOX

for the Next Question

Q. When the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract the volume of the thorax … and the pressure …

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. Breathing rate in humans is controlled by the concentration of what gas dissolved in the blood?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

Please CLICK on THIS BOX

for the Next Question

Q. Outline the steps involved in inhalation.

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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for the Next Question

Q. What is respiration?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

Please CLICK on THIS BOX

for the Next Question

Q. When the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax the volume of the thorax … and the pressure …

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

Please CLICK on THIS BOX

for the Next Question

Q. Where do cilia occur in the breathing system?

16 bpm

Carbon dioxide

Diffusion

Diaphragm; Intercostal

Decreases; Increases

Air inhaled

Impulse from brain; Muscles contract; Thorax volume

increases; Pressure decreases

FALSE

Exchange gases

Keep trachea open; Protection of trachea

Prevent food going down 'the wrong way'

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary vein

Raises rate

Increases; Decreases

Trap dirt and bacteria and sweep them upwards to the

glottis

Thin walls; Moist surfaces; Surrounded by capillaries; Large

surface area; Expandable

Sweating; Breathing out water vapour; Urination

Trachea

At the back of the throat; Top of oesophagus

Observe; Count; Repeat; Average; Record

Between ribs

Produce sound

Controlled release of energy from food, within the cells of

an organism

72 bpm

TRUE

CONGRATULATIONS

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