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DIRECT TO HOME (DTH)

By

BalKrishna SahuEN-3rd yearSec.:I - 20

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WHAT IS DTH?

DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television. Defined as the reception of satellite

programs with a personal dish in anindividual home.

DTH symbols the Transmission of digitalvideo channel to home subscribersthrough small dish antinna

DTH services were first proposed in India in 1996 but failed withapproval. Due to national security, In 1997 Again Ban imposedRupert Murdoch- owned INDIAN SKY BRODCASTING(ISKYB).Finally Approved & Allowed in 2000.

New policy requires all operators to set up in 12 months forlicense. DTH licenses in India will cost $2.14 million and will be

valid for 10 years.

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WORKING OF DTH

A DTH network consists of a

Broadcasting centre Satellites

Encoders

Multiplexers

Modulators and

DTH receivers

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DTH Vs CABLE TV

Dish network features, HD, Dolby5.1ch, CD sound, superior picturequality with huge nos of Channelaccess.

Dish tv has remote geographicalaccess with limited installations.

Special features- recording andplay games , study aids forchildren, and language and home

tutorial packages, with movies ondemand.

Average Accessed quality ofsound and picture, Limitednumbers of channels accessed.

Cable for subscriber is a limitedto wire but major to the supplierwith huge installation.

Cable TV had manual accesswith least features but with Cablemodem net.

Satellite TV involves receiving signals from a satellite where as cable TV entailsairing programs. The biggest difference between satellite and cable TV is thepicture and sound quality. Unlike cable TV, satellite TV programs are excellentquality with some of them being high definition. Here are some guidelines thatcan help compare Dish Network with cable TV.

Dish TV --- Cable TV

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BROADCAST TV VS. SATELLITE TV

Satellite television is not like a broadcast television. Itsa wireless system but both transmit via a radio signal.

Main limitation is range.

In order to receive signals, one must be in the directline of sight of the antenna.

reflect radio waves. Small obstacles is not a problembut earth.

Other limitation is, signals are often distorted.

The television satellites are all in geosynchronous orbit.

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SATELLITE

Geostationary satellite plays an important role for DTH system

GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE:-

Geostationary satellite are located exactly above theearths equator and revolve around the earth in a

circular orbit.

Geostationary satellites are positioned at an exactheight above the earth (about 36000 Km).

At this height they rotate around the earth at the samespeed as the earth rotates around its axis.

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MPEG

Moving Picture Experts Group, and pronounced m-peg,is a working group of the ISO. The term also refers to thefamily of digital video compression standards and fileformats developed by the group. MPEG generallyproduces better-quality video than competing formats,

such as Video for Windows, Indeo and QuickTime. MPEGfiles previously on PCs needed hardware decoders(codecs) for MPEG processing.

MPEG compression is accomplished through the use offour basic techniques: preprocessing, temporal prediction,

motion compensation, and quantization coding

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BROADCAST CENTER

The broadcast center converts all of this programminginto a high-quality, uncompressed digital stream.

At this point, the stream contains a vast quantity ofdata about 270 megabits per second (Mbps) for eachchannel.

For DTH system communication channel is air andBand-Width is :

Ku Band Uplink : 13.75 to 14.5 GHz

Ku Band Down links : 10.95 to 11.2 GHz

: 11.45 to 11.70 GHz

: 12.50 to 12.75 GHz

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RECEIVING TERMINALS

The receive terminals are basically for the reception of the signalsbeing beamed from the transmission station. The terminalconsists of the following:

receive type solid offset antenna

LNB feed system

Interface cables &

Set top box

The terminal can be placed outside the window of a high risebuilding, on the ground or a roof mount. The terminals can be

used as per the contents being beam by the transmissionstations.

Receiver solid Antenna

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LNB

Low noise block down converter is the antenna of what is commonly calledthe parabolic satellite dish commonly used in satellite TV reception.

LNB is the part of a satellite antenna which is positioned in frontof the dish to receive the signal and converts the signal to becarried by cable to the receiver .

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SET TOP BOX

A set-top box is a device that enables a television setto become a user interface to the Internet and alsoenables a television set to receive and decode digitaltelevision (DTV) broadcasts.

DTV set-top boxes are sometimes called receivers. Aset-top box is necessary to television viewers whowish to use their current analog television sets toreceive digital broadcasts.

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DTH APPLICATION

Cost effective communication, information andentertainment.

DTH services are transparent providing digitalquality video, audio, radio, and IP to all at

equal prices and other benefits with reliability

DTH BENEFITS

Doordarshan free-to-air services providing 40 TVchannels with no subscription fees is an attractivepreposition to people in urban and rural areas.

A number has started IP broadcast with returnchannel on PSTN line and this would be for educationand other application.

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CONCLUSION

DTH has made the hopes of the people of ruralareas to come true. It helps to develop and explorethe ignited mind of people of India to think beyond

the scope of imagination. It also helps to developthe economic conditions of a country.

The DTH market in INDIA is relatively increase day -by-day, Major competitors like Airtel ,Reliance,

TATA, Videocon market clash would managed toovertake Japan as the largest DTH market in Asia.In the next 5 years (by 2014-15) we will be able toadd another 30 million subscribers .(which is aboutthe same as the population of Belgium, Portugaland Greece put-together.

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THANK YOU

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ANY QUERY?