Multiplication and Division

‘English is everywhere, Maths is massive’

Created by Richard Bull

First things first:

You need to learn your tables!

Every multiplication problem can be broken down into simple tables calculations.

When you are asked to find the “product” of some numbers, that means multiply them.

Created by Richard Bull

Do you know these?

Traditional method 21 x 13 = ?

2 1

x 1 33 x 1 = 3 write down the 3.

36 3 x 2 = 6 write down the 6

10 x 1 = 10 write down the 101 x 2 = 2 write down the 2

Add the numbers

1 02

2 7 3

Traditional method 45 x 34 = ?

4 5

x 3 44 x 5 = 20 write down the 0, carry the 2.

08 4 x 4 = 16, add 2 write down the 18

30 x 5 = 150 write down the 50, carry the one

3 x 4 =12, add the 1, write down the 13

Add the numbers

5 03

5 3 3

1

1

1

1

2

Grid Method – part 1255 x 5 = ?

First split the number into hundreds, tens and units.

255 splits into 200, 50, 5

Then, multiply each of the numbers by 5.200 x 5 = 100050 x 5 = 2505 x 5 = 25

This can be placed in a grid

Grid Method – part 2255 x 5 = ?

x200 50 5

200 x 5 50 x 5 5 x 5

5

Finally, add the three numbers together to get your answer.

1000 + 250 + 25 = 1275

 So 255 x 5 = 1 275

1000 25250

First, split the numbers up. 255 splits into 200, 50 and 5. These go

along the top of the grid.25 splits into 20 and 5. These go down

the sides.

Grid Method – part 1255 x 25 = 6375

Put the numbers on the grid

x 200 50 5

20

5 Add up each column, then add the resulting numbers together.

Grid Method – part 2255 x 25 = 6375

4000

25010001001000

25

4000 + 1000 + 100 = 51001000 + 250 + 25 = 1275

6375

2 5

510 5

22 x 5 =

10

5 x 5 = 25

Lattice method – part 125 x 5 = ?

1. Make the lattice (grid) as shown

2. Multiply each number above a column by the numbers in every row3. Write the answers in the lattice. Making sure you have only 1 digit in each triangle

2 5

510

51

52

2

Add along the diagonal2 + 0 = 2

Lattice method – part 2 25 x 5 = ?

3 6

82

4 84

3 x 8 =24

6 x 8 = 48

Lattice method – part 136 x 8 = ?

1. Make the lattice (grid) as shown

2. Multiply each number above a column by the numbers in every row

3. Write the answers in the lattice. Making sure you have only 1 digit in each triangle

3 6

82

4

82

84

8

Add along the diagonal line4 + 4 = 8

Lattice method – part 2 36 x 8 = ?

3 6

1

3

3 6

1 x 3 = 3

1 x 6 = 6

Lattice method – part 136 x 13 = ?

1. Make the lattice (grid) as shown

2. Multiply each number above a column by the numbers in every row

3. Write the answers in the lattice. Making sure you have only 1 digit in each triangle

9 81

3 x 6 = 18

3 x 3 = 9

3 6

1

3

3 6

Lattice method – part 236 x 13 = ?

9 8

4 6 8

1

Add along the diagonal line

6 + 1 + 9 = 16

1

Which of these did you use to calculate 21 × 32?

20 1

30

2

600 30

40 2

Are there any other methods?

32× 21

32+ 640

Answer: 672Answer: 672

2 1

3

2

06

03

04

02

27

6

0

Answer: 672

Choose a method to calculate 43 × 17?

40 3

10

7

400 30

280 21

Are there any other methods?

43× 17301

+ 430Answer: 731Answer: 731

4 3

1

7

04

03

28

21

13

7

0

Answer: 731

1

Multiply these using whichever method you like (no calculators!):

1. 26 × 14

2. 74 × 39

3. 124 × 16

4. 249 × 179

= 364

= 2886

= 1984

= 44571

Division

Learning objective:Can I divide numbers without using a

calculator?Grade C

Draw the bus stop:

Divide each value by 3, not forgetting to carry any

remainders.The answer is on top!

Answer: 45

03

Calculate 135 ÷ 3

Bus Stop MultiplesWe need to do the following

calculations:10 × 3 = 3010 × 3 = 3010 × 3 = 3010 × 3 = 305 × 3 = 15

How many 3s in total?Answer: 45

1 3 54 5

1 1 Total so far: 30

Total so far: 60

Total so far: 90

Total so far: 120

Total so far: 135

Divisor

Draw the bus stop:

Divide each value by 14, not forgetting to carry any

remainders.The answer is on top!

Answer: 23

014

What about 322 ÷ 14

Bus Stop MultiplesWe need to do the following

calculations:10 × 14 = 14010 × 14 = 140

3 × 14 = 42

How many 14s in total?Answer: 23

3 2 22 3

3 4 Total so far: 140

Total so far: 280

Divisor

Total so far: 322

Calculate these, without a calculator!

1. 168 ÷ 7

2. 222 ÷ 6

3. 384 ÷ 12

4. 952 ÷ 17

= 24

= 37

= 32

= 56

Created by Richard Bull