3rd ARIES Annual meeting - Indico...t e n s i t y (a. u.) (a) Gd Zr O 2 2 7 (b) Gd ZrTiO 27 (c) Gd...

ARIES is co-funded by the European Commission Grant Agreement number 730871

3rd ARIES Annual meeting:

W10.1 (TA) Material Testing CERN-HiRadMat

W10.2 (TA) Material Testing at GSI M-Branch

Yacine Kadi (CERN)

Daniel Severin (GSI)

22 April 2020

Status of WP10 (TA) – Material Testing

2

• CERN-HiRadMat: Facility stopped because of the long shutdown at CERN. Following workshoporganised in 2019 at CERN, 12 letters of intents were received by different facilities around theworld which have formalized into 9 (+4 pending) beam time request for operation in 2021-2022.Potential new targets: 1987h extra Access Units / 44 extra Supported Users / 9 extra Projects

• GSI-UNILAC beam time run in 2019 was successful. The foreseen access units are already delivered within this run. Allocated beam time block for spring 2020 was canceled due to the Covid-19. All scheduled experiments will be re-evaluated and postponed to next beam time block (spring 2021).Potential new targets: 392h extra Access Units / 2 extra Projects

Achieved Transnational Access Units @ M36 (April 2020):

HiRadMat - CERNUser-projects

Users supported Units of access (1 h)Submitted Selected Supported

Year 1 + 2

(M1-M36) 6 6 5 38 (23*) 1656**Foreseen for project (M1-M48) 5 20 200

M-branch - GSIUser-projects

Users supported Units of access (1 h)Submitted Selected Supported

Year 1 + 2(M1-M36) 4 4 4 33 (12*) 512Foreseen for project (M1-M48) 8 48 480

* With financial support

ARIES 3rd Annual Meeting: WP10, Y. Kadi (CERN) & D. Severin (GSI),

22nd April 2020

GSI-UNILAC M-branch

UNILAC:

Ions: proton - Uranium

Energy: 3.6-11.4 MeV/u

Range: ~ 100µm

X0

M-Branch

In-situ and On-line Analysis of Irradiated Material

M1Microscopy

M2X-Ray Diffraction

M3Multi-Analysing Chamber

0 5 10 15 20 25 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

virgin

11013

cm-2

51012

cm-2

21012

cm-2

11012

cm-2

51011

cm-2

0 5 10 15 20 25

two theta (degrees)

inte

ns

ity (

a.

u.)

Gd Zr O2 2 7 Gd ZrTiO2 7 Gd Ti O2 2 7(a) (b) (c)

22

2

004

113

13

3

115

04

413

5

22

64

44

111

IR SpectrometerLong-distance

Microscopy

Ion Beam

Mass

Spectrometer

Gas Flow

Controller

Sample

Curvature

Measurement

UV/Vis and FluorescenceCryostat

Helmholzzentrum Berlin / GSIUniversities of Darmstadt, Dresden

Göttingen, Jena, Heidelberg

University of Stuttgart

University of Duisburg Essen ordered cells

MicroprobeSingle Ion Control


22nd April 2020

Radiation damage scaling in accelerator materials for

beam intercepting devices WP17

Courtesy of A. Bertarelli (Cern)


22nd April 2020

Ion-induced outgassing and sputtering of volatile

and frozen gases

ToF-SNMS schematic

ToF-SNMS setup at GSI M-branch

Cryostat and ToF-MS nozzle

Courtesy of L. Kirsch / M. Bender (GSI)


22nd April 2020

Typical parameters:

(Au beam with 4.8 MeV/u)

• Range: 60 µm

• LET: 6 MeV/(µg/cm2)

Heavy-ion induced effects on silicon carbide power MOSFETs:

CERN-R2E projects

Courtesy of K.O. Voss (GSI)


22nd April 2020

CERN HiRadMat Facility

7

• HiRadMat (High Irradiation to Materials) is a unique user facility atCERN designed to provide high-intensity pulsed beams to an irradiationarea where material samples as well as accelerator componentassemblies can be tested in a controlled manner.

• Since commissioning in 2012, HiRadMat has completed over 40experiments from CERN and external users.

• Thanks to EU Transnational Access Programme, the facility which has

developed into a multiple use and multi-user facility.HiRadMat Proton Beam Additional information

Beam Energy 440 GeV

Energy per pulse 2.436 MJ

Bunch Intensity 5E9 to 1.2E11 protons

Number of Bunches 1 to 288

Minimum Pulse Intensity 5E9 protons (1b at 5E9 ppb)

Maximum Pulse Intensity 3.46E13 protons (288b at 1.2E11 ppb)

Current during pulse 696.4 mA

Power during pulse 3.1E5 MW

Pulse Length (max) 7.95 µs

1 σ r.m.s. beam radius 0.5 to 2.0 mm (standard) 0.25 to 4.0 mm currently upon request

Total allocated protons/year into facility

1E16 protons equivalent to approx. 10 experiments per year at 1.0E15protons


22nd April 2020

ARIES – TransNational Access

8

• Has provided funding as part of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme.

• Part of WP10 (Materials Testing).

• Project began in 2017.

• 1700 Transnational Access hours completed within first 2 years of ARIES(2700 during EuCARD and EuCARD-2).

2018

40% of experiments applied for TNA:

• HRMT19: BLM2 (ESS, Lund, Sweden).

• HRMT47: ATLAS PixRad (INFN Genova, IFIC

Valencia, CAS China, PNPI Russia). Linked with

HRMT41.

• HRMT38: FlexMat (GSI Germany).

• HRMT43: BeGrid2 (FNAL USA, STFC UK,

KEK/JAEA Japan).

2017

50% of 2017 experiments applied for TNA:

• HRMT19: BLM2 (ESS, Lund, Sweden).

• HRMT41: ATLAS pixel (INFN Genova, IFIC

Valencia, CAS China, PNPI Russia).

• HRMT21: RotColl (SLAC USA, U. Malta).

• HRMT36: MultiMat (U. Malta, Brevetti-Bizz SME

Italy).


22nd April 2020

User statistics (2017, 2018)

9ARIES 3rd Annual Meeting: WP10, Y. Kadi (CERN) & D. Severin (GSI),

22nd April 2020

Distribution of Transnational Access users with respect to their home institute

TNA41%

CERN24%

LHC35%

Distribution of HiRadMat users

HRMT19 – BLM2 (CERN/ESS-ERIC)

Courtesy of Viatcheslav Grishin et al. (ESS-ERIC)

10

IC: Comparison of response in high radiation conditions of LHC type (ic08)

Ionization Chamber and LHC type (ic17) Ionization Chamber, the calibration

and understanding of space charge effects.

LIC: in certain regions of the LHC the Ionization chambers (BLMs) produces

such high signals that the electronics saturates making the system blind. The

reduction of active volume reduce the number of charges produced, decreasing

the sensitivity. Compare the two set of LICs

FIC: Designed for geometry considerations. Compare different orientation of

detectors, which corresponds to PSB installation

Monitors tested in 2017 and in 2018:• LHC type (ic08) Ionization Chamber: Active vol 1.5l, filling pressure 1.1

bar.

• LHC type (ic17) Ionization Chamber: Active vol1.5l, filling pressure 1.1 bar.

• Little Ionization Chamber (LICic) with IC ceramics (new): Active vol 0.05l,

filling pressure 1.1bar.

• Little Ionization Chamber (LIC) with SEM ceramics (LHC installed): Active

vol 0.05l, filling pressure 1.1bar.

• Flat Ionization Chamber (FIC): Active vol0.05l, filling pressure 1.1 bar.

Study of the signal linearity and response, calibration,

saturation, comparison of different types of BLMs


22nd April 2020

HRMT47– ATLASPixRad (ATLAS Coll.)

Irradiation of ATLAS silicon detectors with fast extracted and

intense proton beams

Courtesy of A. Sbrizzi (INFN-Bologna)

11

Beam spot

Heat dissipator

•The HRMT-47 experiment established that the damage threshold of the ATLAS pixel detector is at least 1013

MIPs/cm2 (IBL planar and 3D modules).

•The damage threshold results substantially higher than the lower limit published in 2006 (1010 MIPs/cm2).


22nd April 2020

HRMT38 – FlexMat (GSI/FAIR)Courtesy of M. Tomut et al. (GSI/FAIR)

12

Test dynamic response of advanced carbonmaterials for:

TargetsBeam dumps & catchersCollimatorsCladding for production targets

Collaboration with p-bar target group at GSI/FAIR:

Test of candidate materials (Inconel, Invar, Copper)Mock-up FAIR p-bar target

Influence of structure and density on dynamictresponse to direct beam impact

Provide benchmark for numerical simulations


22nd April 2020

HRMT43 – BeGrid2 (RaDIATE Coll.)

Courtesy of K. Ammigan et al. (RaDIATE Coll.)


22nd April 2020

HRMT21: RotColl (SLAC USA, U. Malta)

• The SLAC RC was designed and built as part of the US-LARP collaboration.

• Scope in 2004: low-impedance secondary collimator capable of withstanding 7 TeV failures, to be installed as part of LHC Phase II collimation.

• Rotatable jaw concept: offers up to 20 collimating surfaces in case of beam damage.

Summary

• Rotation mechanism on the two jaws

still works after most intense

scenarios.

• No permanent welding of the two jaws

occurred.

• No leak on the cooling pipes was

detected (no pressure drop observed in

the system).

Goals of Experiment

• Demonstrate that the rotation functionality works for the

design failure at top energy:

• Asynchronous beam dump: 8 bunches @ 7 TeV

• Understand onset of damage for even more demanding

scenarios, e.g. LHC injection error: 288 bunches @ 450

GeV

• Integrity control of the cooling pipes under both impact and

jaw rotation.

• Check the eventual welding of the jaws in case of ejecta with

LHC-type aperture.

Courtesy of G. Valentino, F. Carra


22nd April 2020

HRMT36: MultiMat (U. Malta, Brevetti-Bizz SME Italy)

• Experiment performed in October 2017

• Al vessel hosting under inert gas a rotatable barrel

equipped with 16 target stations, each one embarking

up to 8 slender specimens, with rectangular cross-

section

• 18 different materials tested, ranging from ultra light C

foams to W heavy alloys

• MoGr, CFC and graphite coated with Mo, Cu, TiN

• Platform reusable in future HRMT tests

• Main objectives:

• Test materials and coatings with 𝑼𝒎𝒂𝒙 equivalent or exceeding that

of HL-LHC Beam Injection Error

• Reach and exceed ഥ𝑼𝒎𝒂𝒙 of HL-LHC (factor 2-3 higher!) thanks to

sample section ~1/10th of collimator jaw section

• Acquire material dynamic responses deriving / extending

constitutive models and material properties required in numerical

simulations

Courtesy of A. Bertarelli, F. Carra, M. Pasquali


22nd April 2020

HRMT36: MultiMat (U. Malta, Brevetti-Bizz SME Italy)

Analysis of results:

• Good agreement with simulations

• Elastic constants of several materials updated

• Role and extent of internal damping assessed

• All carbon-based materials survived impacts at HL-

LHC ഥ𝑼𝒎𝒂𝒙• Surface damage induced on coatings at 𝑼𝒎𝒂𝒙

exceeding HL-LHC: larger in Cu coatings (lower

melting point), smaller in Mo and TiN. Damaged

stripes ~ 1÷3 mm wide

• Plastic permanent deflections induced in some high-

Z

materials

• Some unexpected failures (SiC and TZM) recorded

Courtesy of A. Bertarelli, F. Carra, M. Pasquali


22nd April 2020

Publications

HiRadMat Facility

• F. Harden et al. (2019) “HiRadmat: A facility beyond the realms of materials testing” J. Phys. Conf. Series 1350 012162.

• F. Harden et al. “Targetry Challenges & HiRadMat” JPS Conf. Proc (accepted for publication 2020).

HRMT-19

• V. Grishin et al. (2018) “A Family of Gas Ionization Chambers and SEM for Beam Loss Monitoring of LHC and Other Accelerators” Proc. 26th Russian Particle

Accelerator Conf. (RuPAC’18) 44-48.

• V. Grishin et al. (2017) “Ionization Chambers as Beam Loss Monitors for ESS Linear Accelerator” Proc. 6 th Int. Beam. Instrumentation Conf. (IBIC’17) 454-57.

HRMT-21

• T. Markiewicz et al. (2019) “Design, construction, and beam tests of a rotatable collimator prototype for high-intensity and high-energy hadron accelerators” Phys. Rev.

Accel. Beams 22 123002.

HRMT-36

• F. Carra et al. (2019) “Mechanical robustness of HL-LHC collimator designs” IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1350 012083. [also linked to HRMT-23]

• F. Carra et al. (2017) “The “Multimat” experiment at CERN HiRadMat facility: advanced testing of novel materials and instrumentation for HL-LHC collimators” IOP Conf.

Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 874 012001.

• M. Pasquali et al. (2019) “Dynamic Response of Advanced Materials Impacted by Particle Beams: The MultiMat Experiment” Journal of Dynamic Behavior of Materials 5

266–95.

• M. Portelli et al. (2019) “Numerical and experimental benchmarking of the dynamic response of SiC and TZM specimens in the MultiMat experiment” Mechanics of

materials 138 103169.

• A. Bertarelli et al. (2018) “Dynamic testing and characterization of advanced materials in a new experiment at CERN HiRadMat facility” IOP Conf. Series: Journal of

Physics: Conf. Series 1067 082021.

HRMT-41 / HRMT-47

• J. Fernandez-Tejero et al. (2019) “Beam-loss damage experiment on ATLAS-like silicon strip modules using an intense proton beam” Nuclear Inst. And Methods in

Physics Research A 958 162838.

• C. Bertella et al. (2019) “Damages induced on ATLAS IBL modules by fast extracted and intense proton beam irradiation” J. Inst. 14 C05024.

• C. Bertella et al. (2019) “Test with high-energy and high-intensity proton beam on ATLAS silicon detectors towards HL-LHC” Nuovo Cim. C42 205.

• C. Bertella et al. (2019) “Study of damages induced on ATLAS silicon by fast extracted and intense proton beam irradiation” Nucl Instrum Meth A 924 236-40.

HRMT-38 FLEXMAT

HRMT-43 BeGRID2


22nd April 2020

International HiRadMat Workshop


22nd April 2020

• 3 day workshop held from 10th to 12th July 2019 (https://indico.cern.ch/event/767689/overview)

• Total of 81 participants from (54% CERN, 46% non-CERN)

• 37 presentations from 12 different topic areas (i.e. HiRadMat Facility; Remote Sensing & Beam Instrumentation;

Materials Science & Beam Induced Damage Research; Future Accelerator Projects; Rare Isotope Beams;

Fusion Materials R&D; Advanced Light Sources (seminar); Spallation Neutron Sources; Neutrino & Muon

Facilities; Theoretical Modelling; Laser Driven Shock Waves (seminar); Letters of Interest for future operation).

https://indico.cern.ch/event/767689/overview

9 Beam requests submitted for 2021-20221. CERN-BI for 2021: (i) Determination of the spatial resolution of the beam size measurements performed with BTV524; (ii) Proton irradiation of

Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) wires with different beam size and intensity; (iii) Test of high-frequency Beam position monitor technology for

LHC and (iv) test the performance and resistance to radiation of a new beam profile monitor based on radiation-hard optical fibres compatible

with ultra-high vacuum. => no ARIES TNA support requested

2. CERN-STI for 2021 and 2022: Proton irradiation of different low-density materials pre-selected as possible candidates to be part of the future

LHC External Beam Dump core (TDE). => 100 Access Units potentially

3. CERN-UA9 Collaboration for 2021: Probe the robustness and quantify the performance degradation (if any) of irradiated crystals in case of

high-intensity beam impact. => 250 Access Units potentially

4. RaDIATE Collaboration for 2021: Understand thermal shock response of conventional materials (graphite, and titanium alloys) and novel

materials (NITE SiC/SiC Composite, TFGR Tungsten, glassy carbon, electrospun nanofiber materials (ZrO2, Al2O3, WO3), and high-entropy

alloys) pertinent to accelerator beam windows and secondary particle production targets. => 300 Access Units potentially.

5. J-PARC for 2021: dpa measurements at cryogenic temperature via the observation of the change of the electro resistivity under proton

irradiation. => 300 Access Units potentially.

6. LHC-ATLAS Inner Tracker for 2021: Evaluation of the abort functionality of the ATLAS Beam Conditions Monitor detectors and associated

electronics under fast extracted and intense proton beams mimicking the response in ATLAS ITk. => 150 Access Units potentially.

7. ESS-BLM for 2021 and 2022: Test of the functionality, stability, calibration, and saturation of different types of BLM detectorsfor ESS and

FAIR. => 600 Access Units potentially.

8. CERN-ABT for 2021: Test of the TPSG4 extraction protection device (diluter) installed in the CERN-SPS to protect the downstream MSE

septum magnet from accidental beam impact. Experiment, presented to the HiRadMat Scientific board in September 2014. => no ARIES TNA

support requested

9. CERN-MPE-1 for 2022: Damage mechanisms and limits of superconducting accelerator magnet components due to the impact of high

intensity particle beams As a follow-up experiment of the two past beam experiments (HRMT31 and HRMT37) => 100 Access Units

potentially

4 additional beam time requests are expected to be submitted later this year:

1. LHC Collimator Collaboration for 2021 and 2022

2. RAL-Powder Exp for 2022: ARIES TNA support considered

3. ESSvSB Collaboration for 2022: ARIES TNA support considered

4. CERN-MPE-2 for 2022


22nd April 2020

HiRadMat Scientific Boards

• A first session April 29th 2020 in order to review the

following proposals: P1 (CERN-BI); P3 (CERN-UA9

coll.); P6 (LHC-ATLAS ITk); P7 (ESS-BLM)

and P8 (CERN-ABT already presented in 2014)

https://indico.cern.ch/event/908827/

• A second session June 5th 2020 in order to review the

remaining proposals: P2 (CERN-STI); P4 (RaDIATE

coll.); P5 (J-PARC dpa) and P9 (CERN-MPE-1)



22nd April 2020



HiRadMat Upgrade Strategy


22nd April 2020

Strategy 1 (low-level)Upgrade current surface lab proposal: Increase size of lab area to accommodate increased number of

users.

Increase surface space meaning 2 experiments can be fully accommodated at one time.

More storage, tools, working areas for users

Improve survey conditions

Improve space for transport logistics.

Strategy 2 (mid-level)New surface lab proposal Better accommodate array of different experiments entering

HiRadMat.

Possibility to temporally increase radiation protection classification to accommodate pre-irradiated experiments.

Lab design relevant for current (and anticipated future) needs –size, storage, table integrations, electronics, survey etc.)

Improved transport logistics (entering surface lab, installing in experimental area and exiting experimental area post-irradiation).

Strategy 3 (high-level)Upgrade experimental area to enable HL-LHC type beams Beam windows & dump studies required.

Thank you to all experimental teams & CERN groups involved with the

HiRadMat operation:

BE/BI, BE/OP, EN/CV, EN/EA, EN/HE,

EN/MME, EN/SMM, EN/STI, HSE/RP, TE/MPE


22nd April 2020

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3rd ARIES Annual meeting - Indico...t e n s i t y (a. u.) (a) Gd Zr O 2 2 7 (b) Gd ZrTiO 27 (c) Gd...

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