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4. Adolescence

Date post: 04-Apr-2018
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    ADOLESCENCE

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    During the 5-7 years of pubertal development,

    adolescents gain about 20% of adult height

    and 50% of adult weight. Most of the bodyorgans double in size, and almost half of totalbone growth occurs.

    In this stage, males now put on twice as

    much muscle as females, and females gainproportionally more fat. In adolescent girls, anincreasing amount of fat is being stored under the

    skin, particularly in the abdominal area. The male

    also experiences a greater increase in bone mass

    than does the female.

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    Nutrition During Adolescence

    Male

    Need more kcal, protein,

    calcium, iron and zinc formuscle and bone

    development.

    More likely to than girls to

    get sufficient nutrients.

    Female

    Need increased in iron

    due to the onset of

    menstruation.

    When they feel that they

    are overweight they tend

    to modify their food

    choices.

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    Nutrition During AdolescenceMale

    May take nutrition

    supplements and fill up

    on protein in hopes of

    becoming more muscular. the males for both age

    groups have higher

    energy allowance than

    female because of moreintense physical activities.

    Female

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    The diet of adolescents must be high in

    all protective nutrients especially

    protein, calcium and iron to meet theincreased demands for accelerated

    growth and increase in bone and muscle

    mass. Aligaen and Florencios (1980) study

    among households in Metro Manila

    showed that adolescents had the poorest

    nutrient consumption compared with

    other members of the household

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    Menu Planning forAdolescents1. Emphasize complex carbohydrates such as

    assorted breads, rolls, cereals, fruits, etc.

    2. Offer well-trimmed lean beef, poultry, and fish.

    3. Low-fat and skim milk need to be offered at allmeals.

    4. Offer margarine.

    5. Have nutritious choices available for hungry on-

    the-run adolescents looking for a snack.

    6. Offer foods rich in iron, folate and calcium.

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    Concern over Teenagers

    Nutritional Status:

    This is a period marked by a level of physical

    and emotional growth that often results in stress

    and anxiety, which in turn influence physiologic,

    psychological and social behaviour, all of whichaffect nutritional behaviour.

    Incidence of dietary inadequacies is higher

    during adolescence, the stage at which the

    results of lack are far reaching.

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    Improving the Diet ofTeenagers

    a. Always take into consideration that he is

    undergoing complex and interrelated changes both

    physical and emotional which affect his nutritional

    behaviour.

    b. Nutrition Education is an effective method to in still

    good food habits but it has to be done in such a

    way that teenagers are reached within the context

    of the peer groups.

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    3. The needs and interests of the adolescents canbe used as motivating forces towards improving

    their diet.

    4. Integration of nutrition in school curriculummust be flexible and innovative. Adolescents

    must see the relationship of good nutrition to

    their whole life.

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    Signs of Good Nutrition inTeenagers

    Shiny and lustrous hair

    Skin that is smooth, slightly moist and of

    good color.

    bright and clear eyes with no fatigue

    circles under them

    discoloration

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    Lips that are of good color

    Pink gums with no swelling or bleeding.

    Tongue of good color and without lesions

    Teeth that are straight and without

    crowding, clean well-shaped jaw without


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