4. arun prasath

Renewable Energy Promotion and Training through SMEs in Rural India-Potentials and Challenges

R Arun Prasath Assistant Professor

Laboratory for Energy Materials and Sustainability Centre for Green Energy Technology

Pondicherry University Puducherry ndash 605014

Emailraprasathgetpondiunieduin

R Arun Prasath ndash SEPT20YEAR 2012 Nov 24th Leipzig 1

INDIA

PONDICHERRY

Karaikal

Mahe

Yanam

httpwwwpondiunieduin R Arun Prasath ndash SEPT20YEAR 2012 Nov 24th Leipzig

2

Outline

Indiarsquos Energy Scenario

-Reserve Production Consumption Power Distribution

Indiarsquos Renewable Energy

-Current production Potential Challenges Schemes

SMEs and their role to promote RE in rural India

- introduction Sectors-models Potential Challenges

Conclusion with some pictures of Pondicherry


Indiarsquos energy is largely met by coal

Ranks 4th in coal reserve with 7 of world reserve ~ 64786 million tons

3rd largest producer and consumer of coal

Coal could lost ~100 years ----imported stood at 36 for 2010-11

Indiarsquos oil and natural gas

07 and 08 to the world reserve

1201 million metric tons of oil and 1437 billion cubic meters of gas

Import 75 of all crude oil and expected to increase to 90 by 2030

Import about 28 natural gas for the year 2010 expected to increase

Fossil Fuel Reserve and Production



Total Power production capacity of over

209 GW (as on 30-10-2012)

Renewable Energy contribution as of now is

about 27 GW ~12 (below the average of

world RES 19 REN21 source)

Per capita electricity consumption is very low

~ 779 kWh per year (~10 times less than

DC India Vision 2020 targets 2460 kWh)

Economy projected to grow at average of

5-7 per annum

400 million live without electricity in over

90000 villages

Currently average power cut in most of the

states around 10-18hrday

Power Generation in India

Indian Energy distribution

Indian Energy ndash FACTS distribution 2012

6

Total Renewable Energy (RE) installed

capacity of 269 GW (as on Sept 2012)

Grid connected 261GW and off-grid

connected 7734MW

Annual growth rate at 18 in the 11th plan

(2007-2012) compared to just 5 Non-RE

Separate Ministry Ministry of New and

Renewable Energy (MNRE)

MNRE estimates potential as 87 GW

excluding solar energy South Asia Energy

Unit report estimated as 150 GW IE

estimates above ~1000 GW

India aims for 50 renewable by 2050

Indian Renewable Energy Grid-connected as on 2012

Off-grid-connected as on 2012

Renewable energy in India

R Arun Prasath ndash SEPT20YEAR 2012 Nov 24th Leipzig

Thermal PV

250-300 clear sunny daysyear

4-7 kWh m2 day

India ranks 7th in PV cell production (export to Germany Italy NL Spain Aus USA)

~ 1 GW SOLAR eneryg produced via grid-connected and off-grid achieved (Sept 2012 MNRE)

Indiarsquos Solar Energy Potential


7

Thermal PV

The Indian Energy Portal

estimates that if 10 of land used

for solar energy harvesting (from

125 available land) the installed

solar capacity would be at 8000

GW



Potential to be a PV leader

Source EPIA R Arun Prasath ndash SEPT20YEAR 2012 Nov 24th Leipzig 9

Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission

Indian Govt Initiatives JNNSM

Aimed towards establishing brand ldquoSolar Indiardquo

bull Install a total of 20GW grid connected power in 3 phases by 2022

ndash Phase 1 1GW (grid connected utility scale) power by 2013 (using both Solar PV and Solar thermal) Solar Thermal Collector of 7 million sq m

ndash Phase 2 ~5-6GW by 2017 Solar Thermal Collector of 15 million sq m

ndash Phase 3 touch 20GW by 2022 Solar Thermal Collector of 20 million sq m

ndash Scale to 100GW by 2030 and to 200GW by 2050 and beyond


10

Installed Capacity in 2012

R Arun Prasath ndash SEPT20YEAR 2012 Nov

11


Wind and other RE Power in India Indian Govt Initiatives


National Action Plan on Climate change

REC Mechanism by CERC ndash 2010 regulation

India ranks fifth in wind power in the world 15

GW as on Sept 2012 - 71 of Indiarsquos RE

The estimated potential of wind energy is around

50 GW to 1000 GW ~ employ 75K by 2020

Bio-energy potential 51 GW aims ~ 10 GW by

2022 (agro waste and energy plantation crops)

Biofuel ~ aims 20 blend of biodiesel

bioethanol by 2017 and WtE potential ~ 5 GW

~ employ 561K by 2020 (all bio-energy )

SHP potential ~ 15 GW ~ employ 30K by 2020


Capital Cost- Lowering the cost of manufacture

Fluctuating radiation and lack of authentic radiation data

Lack of trained man power- inexperienced and insufficient manpower lack of institutional training etc

Policy ndash Single tariff for entire country localstate policy does not link central policy

Financial- Banks are skeptic low return due to

high competition no specific feasibility study before bid

Uniform supply across the states

Lack of costumer awareness

RE promotion Challenges


13

Logistic ndash Land availability issues (land accusation bill) marginal farmers power evacuation grid network and stability etc

Environment up to 48 deg C in Rajasthan Dust storm- dry and semi desert areas hard water and salty water etc

Lack of collaborative goal driven R amp D

Lack of clarity on technologies as technologies still evolving --Technology innovation is high

Indian R amp D is not getting anyway

Lack of real commitment and misuse of subsidy

Corruption amp Lack of standards

Off-peak seasons reduce cash flow

Real Challenges


14



About 12 (~26 GW) of grid connected power is from renewable power About 774 MW in the off-griddecentralized renewable systems Deployment of 4416 lakh family biogas plants 8846 remote villagehamlets provided with renewable energy Systems 67 lakhs of solar photovoltics home lighting systems 82 lakhs of solar lantern supplied

Major achievements of India

1531


Largest solar-stem cooking system for 50000 personsday (in a temple complex at Shirdi)

The MNRE programmes established first biogas bottling segment (at Talwade village in Nashik Maharashtra with filling capacity of 16 cylinders per day with 9 kg of biogas) Largest size solar dishes at BG Chitale Dairy Bhilawadi Dist Sangli Maharashtra for milk pasteurization

Demonstration of the use of biofuels zero emission vehicles under research development and demonstration programmes Various research organizations supports RampD in RE and

promotes green energy business


3643

SME s fact

bull Micro small and medium enterprises mdash constitute to almost 90 of the total industrial establishments in India

bull accounts ~ 45 of the industrial production and 40 of the total exports in the manufacturing sector

bull It employs an estimated around 60 million persons ndashMinistry of MSMEs to train 500 million people by 2022

bull Contributes nearly around 10 in total GDP

Dominated sectors in India

bull Agricultural Inputs Food Processing Chemicals amp Pharmaceuticals Engineering Electricals Electronics Electro-medical equipment Textiles and Garments Leather and leather goods Meat products Bio-engineering Sports goods Plastics products Auto Components Gems amp Jewellery Sea- Food Pumps Ceramic Tiles amp Sanitary Ware Computer Software services etc

SMEs role in RE promotion

17 R Arun Prasath ndash SEPT20YEAR 2012 Nov 24th Leipzig


Why SEMs in India should look for RE-particularly in rural areas


Use of outdated technologies ndash BEE estimates of saving of 25-30 per cent of the total energy SME contributes to nearly 70 per cent of industrial pollution

~ above 50 power usage compared to heavy industry

Frequent power cuts (10 hr to 18 hrday)

RE unprecedented growth in the last decade ---huge potential for ndash (a) equipments products and (b) services

Low-end products (such as inverters auxiliary equipments) -expertise in low-end products

Promote rural economic growth reduce the adverse environmental impacts reduce carbon foot print promote sustainable development and become a leader in renewable energy technologies for rural areas


19

Govt programs- Ministry of Power Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) Ministry of Rural Development Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) etc - promote rural electrification through SMEs

MNRE - a separate ministry to promotes renewable energy for rural applications through schemes- remote village electrification village energy security projects solar power and hydro project scheme family type biogas plants national biomass cook stoves initiatives decentralised renewable energy for villages hybrid renewable technologies etc

Non-Profit organizationsInternational bodies in association with government agencies promote renewable energy through SMEs

Schemes with subsidy ndash with Small Industry Development Bank of India (SIDBI) Credit Linked Capital Subsidy Scheme (CLSS) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development etc

In National Solar Mission it is asserted ndash ldquoThe SME sector forms the backbone for manufacture of various components and systems for solar systems

Indiarsquos high potential to harvest the renewable energy because of strategic geographic location and world young population

Power cut (10-18 hrday)

SMEs -RE promotion potential


20


Currently about 50 of MSMEs are in closer stage due to power crisis


SMEs -RE promotion models

Successful models Biomass gasification systems for thermal application- textile dyeing food processing etc Solar-grid hybrid models for sewing machines (REEEP supported project with SELCO + SEWA BANK) SME clusters model to promote EE and RE (Several units together to install solar power plant)

Linking the technology with businesses that support livelihood in rural areas eg TERI model Off-gridmicro grid systems are appropriate for rural energy supply (Village Level Entrepreneur)

Cluster Model UNIDOs ongoing

projects + BEE has initiated EE

and RE in selected in 12 selected

energy-intensive MSME clusters

The sectors covered Brass

Ceramics Dairy Foundry and Hand

Tools


22

Lack of awareness

Limited access to information knowledge and technology

Lack of network within SMEs

Fragmentation of policies across several government agencies

Limited access to finance technological and market uncertainty are particularly high raising risk premiums

Lack of capacity of SMEs in adopting clean technologies

Training facilities and innovation in RE field is very less and hence very few SMEs are interested in it

SMEs -RE promotion challenges


23

Under-pricing and detrimental subsidies on conventional energy favor unsustainable patterns of consumption and greater emissions

Remote communities are difficult to reach (increased costs for sales after- sales service repair question of spare parts availability)

Supply-side barriers ndash barriers in the supply chain for the delivery of EERE technology and services

Demand-side barriers ndash barriers restricting the level of demand for EERE technology and services

Barriers to national uptake ndash barriers restricting the national uptake and implementation of EERE technology and services

Policy barriers ndash barriers in the policy and knowledge within governmental institutions for the implementation of EERE technology and services- No REC for off-grid projects There are caps


Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry

Thank you very muchhellip R Arun Prasath ndash SEPT20YEAR 2012

Nov 24th Leipzig 28

Thank you for your kind attention

Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor

Laboratory for Energy Materials and Sustainability

Centre for Green Energy Technology

Pondicherry University India

Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611

email raprasathgmailcom raprasathgetpondiunieduin

Fax+91 0413 2656758

Web httpwwwpondiunieduinprofiledr-r-arun-prasath-0


29

INDIA

PONDICHERRY

Karaikal

Mahe

Yanam

httpwwwpondiunieduin R Arun Prasath ndash SEPT20YEAR 2012 Nov 24th Leipzig

2

Outline






















209 GW (as on 30-10-2012)








5-7 per annum


90000 villages






6




connected 7734MW














Thermal PV


4-7 kWh m2 day





7

Thermal PV






GW














10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

Outline






















209 GW (as on 30-10-2012)








5-7 per annum


90000 villages






6




connected 7734MW














Thermal PV


4-7 kWh m2 day





7

Thermal PV






GW














10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29














209 GW (as on 30-10-2012)








5-7 per annum


90000 villages






6




connected 7734MW














Thermal PV


4-7 kWh m2 day





7

Thermal PV






GW














10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29



209 GW (as on 30-10-2012)








5-7 per annum


90000 villages






6




connected 7734MW














Thermal PV


4-7 kWh m2 day





7

Thermal PV






GW














10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

6




connected 7734MW














Thermal PV


4-7 kWh m2 day





7

Thermal PV






GW














10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

Thermal PV


4-7 kWh m2 day





7

Thermal PV






GW














10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

Thermal PV






GW














10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29












10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29










10



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29



11



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29



























13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29











13









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29









Real Challenges


14





1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29




1531







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29







3643

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

SME s fact



















19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29











19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29


19










20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29


20













Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29











Tools


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29


22

Lack of awareness









23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29


23








Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

Pondicherry


24

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

Pondicherry


25

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

Pondicherry


26

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

Pondicherry


27

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

Pondicherry


Nov 24th Leipzig 28


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29


Dr R Arun Prasath

Assistant Professor




Office +91 0413 2654963

Mobile +91 9487769611


Fax+91 0413 2656758



29

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4. arun prasath

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