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4 Embodiment Design1

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    PERANCANGAN PRODUK

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    Steps of Embodiment Design

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    Steps of Embodiment Design

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    Embodiment Design

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    Embodiment Design

    The embodiment design exactly

    determines the geometry of a product, anassembly or a part with all

    its characteristics and features.

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    Influencing Factors on Embodiment

    Design

    The embodiment design must consider

    aspects of

    force, moment and power

    transmission,

    the used materials and

    production

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    The Influence of Embodiment

    Design on Costs

    The embodiment design has a

    significant impact on the product

    costs:

    the choice of materials determines

    utilizable production processes

    utilizable production processesdetermine the costs

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    Design Dilemma

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    Restrictions on the Embodiment Design

    During the embodiment design phase, a

    number of restrictions have to be considered:

    planned quantity of produced items

    planned processing time; delivery time planned costs

    available stocks and supplies

    disposability of staff

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    Embodiment Design

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    Working Surface / Working Motion

    By way of arrangement of the working surfaces (lines, spaces ...) andselection of the working motion the function is enforced by application of

    the relevant physical effect.

    The embodiment of the workingsurface is determined and variedby

    Kind Form Position

    Size Number

    The required working motion isdetermined by

    Kind: translation - rotation Form: uniform - nonuniform Direction: in the x, y, z direction

    and/or around the x, y, z axis

    Amount and level of speed Number: one, several ...

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    Embodiment Elements

    The embodiment of a technical artefact is made up ofembodiment elements

    Embodiment elements can have different degrees of complexity: points, corners, bits,

    line pieces, edges, partial surfaces, components, assemblies, machines, devices, apparatus

    In a techncial system, an embodiment element is thesmallest element that can still be influenced by theembodiment design.

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    Levels of Complexity of Embodiment

    Elements

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    Complexity of Embodiment Elements

    Depending on their field of responsibility,engineers handle embodiment elements of

    very differerent degrees of complexity:

    project engineerof a power plant:

    embodiment element e. g. feed pump with aperformance of 3 MW

    designerof a axle journal: radius of ball

    socket of the track control arm

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    Embodiment Design of Points of

    Contact I

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    Embodiment Design of Points of

    Contact II

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    Design Process acc. to VDI 2221

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    Stages of the Embodiment Design

    Process

    The embodiment design process

    has two stages:

    1. qualitative embodiment design

    2. quantitative embodiment design

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    Qualitative/Quantitative Embodiment

    Design

    The embodiment elements and the structureof their arrangement are determined by way

    ofqualitative embodiment design.

    The dimensions of the embodiment elementsthemselves and of their angles to one another aswell as the distances between them aredetermined by way ofquantitative embodimentdesign.

    F t I fl i th E b di t

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    Factors Influencing the Embodiment

    Design

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    Enlarging the Solution Field

    The solution field can be enlarged by

    systematic variation of the embodimentparameters.

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    Possibil ities of Variation with Principle Solutions

    Working surface (geometry)

    Type Point, line, surface, body

    Shape Curve, circle, ellipse, hyperbola, parabola, triangle, square,rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon, cylinder, cone, rhomb, cube,sphere, symmetrical, asymmetrical

    Position Axial, radial, tangential, vertical, horizontal, parallel, sequentialSize Small, large, narrow, broad, tall, lowNumber Undivided, divided, simple, double, multiple

    Working motions

    Type Stationary, translational, rotationalNature Uniform, non-uniform, oscillating, plane or three-dimensionalDirection In x,y,z direction and/or about x,y,z axisMagnitude VelocityNumber One, several, composite movements

    Basic material properties

    State Solid, liquid, gaseousBehaviour Rigid, elastic, plastic, viscousForm Solid body, grains, powder, dust

    acc. to Pahl/Beitz

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    Variation of Working Surfaces

    Pahl/Beitz

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    Example: Variation of Working Surface and Motion

    acc. to Niemann; 3rd edition

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    Embodiment Structure

    A further important embodiment parameter is

    the embodiment structure.

    This term refers to the relations

    of the embodiment elements to each other.

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    Embodiment Structure

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    Embodiment Structure: Structure Diagrams

    acc. to Koller

    f S

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    Variants of Embodiment Structures

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    Influence of the Requirements List

    Please note:

    the most important and concrete instructions relevant for

    the embodiment design are stated in the requirements list:

    either directly: Restriction of building space :height


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