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4. F2011 Rebellion and Reprisal

Date post: 27-Jun-2015
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Roman administration runs into a problem, perhaps because of an overbearing administration.
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Rebellion and Reprisal Roman Rule – Wales I
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Page 1: 4. F2011 Rebellion and Reprisal

Rebellion and ReprisalRoman Rule – Wales I

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Conquest (Rape) of Britannia, Aphrodisias, Turkey

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Ruling BritainTwo Queens and a King

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Frontier

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Roman Britain~47 CE

Client KingdomsBrigantesRegniIceni

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What 1st Century Divorce Case Threatened Roman Britain?

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CartimanduaWilliam Whitaker, 1990• Quisling?• Cruel, treacherous, immoral?• Counterpart to Claudius’ consort Messalina• Loyal?

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CaratacusOut of the Fire Into the Frying Pan

• Caratacus escapes Claudius and Aulus Plautius• Allies with Ordovicians in Wales• Defeated• Seeks aid from Roman client, Cartimandua• Is turned over to Romans (51 CE)• Brought to Rome

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Tribes

Tribes of Wales

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Caratacus before Claudius

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Divorce

• ~57 CE Cartimandua breaks with her consort Venutius who turns against her and Rome

• She keeps her throne thanks to Roman military intervention

• Venutius?

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Tribes

Tribes of Wales

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Roman Legions Client Kingdoms

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Roman Britain~47 CE

Client KingdomsBrigantesRegniIceni

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Southern Kingdom of the Regneses

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Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus

• Perhaps successor to Verica• Granted status by Romans• Probably built “Palace” at Fishbourne• Still respected during lifetime of Tacitus

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Tiberius Claudius (T,C)ogidubnus

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Text

A temple to Neptune and to Minervaand for the safety of the Divine House (of the emperor) by the authority of Ti. Claudius Cogidubnus.[Great King] in Britain, (erected by)The Guild of fabri and its members at their own cost [Pudens?] son of Pudentmus, donated the site.

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Cogidubnus-First House

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Hayling Island Roman Temple, 60-70 CE

Plan compared with temple in Entrains, Gaul

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Hayling Island Roman Temple reconstructionCella, Temple at Périgueux, Dordogne

Ritual Landscapes of Roman South Britain, David Rudling, editor

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Hayling Island Temple: Brooches, British and Gallic

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Roman Britain~47 CE

Client KingdomsBrigantesRegniIceni

Subject peopleTrinovantes and Camulodunum

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Roman Legions Client Kingdoms

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Camulodunum – Roman and native

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Camulodunum

Gosbecks

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Iron Age Dykes

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Gosbecks

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Gosbeck Theatre Reconstruction

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Romano-Celtic Temple

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Publius Ostorius Scapula

• First act was to disarm the Britons within the Roman controlled region

• 47 Fortification of Colchester• Attacks Deceangeli in Flintshire• Legio XX transferred to southwest• 49 Foundation of colonia at

Camulodunum (Colchester) Colonia Claudia Victricensis

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Transformation of Colchester

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Balkerne Gate

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Temple of Claudius

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Longinus

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FacilisM FAVON[IUS] PO[LIA] FACILIS >LEG XX VERECVNDVS ET NOVICIVS LIB[ERTI] POSVERVNT

Marcus Favonius Facilis, son of Marcus, of the voting tribe Pollia, centurio of legio XX lies here. Verecundus and Novicius, his freedmen, put this here

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Stanway, Colchester – Doctor’s burial

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Other Graves

Warrior Educated person

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Nero as Alexander

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What 1st Century Briton joined 20th Century notables, Boy George, Princess Diana and Margaret Thatcher, in the list of “100 Greatest Britons”?

Question

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Boudica in Ads

She had a reputation as a leader of men. A go-getter who inspired confidence. The sort of woman who'll find the Mitsubishi Colt.. irresistible.

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Problems Behind the Lines

• Displacement of Trinovantes alarms Iceni• Temple of Claudius• Death of Prasugatus, King of the Iceni

– Inheritance• Loans

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Iceni

Prasutagus?

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Boudica in Revolt

)

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Gaullish woman w. torc

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Sedgeford torc, 500-200 BCE

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Winchester torc 74-25 BCE

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The Start of the Revolt

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Omens

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Temple of Claudius

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Claudius: Remains of Equestrian Statue?

30 cm

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Outside Colchester – burnt mattress

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Colchester After Boudica

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On to London

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Attempt to relieve London

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London – Evidence of burning

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Burning of London

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London remnants

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Walbrook deposit

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On to Verulamium

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Routes of Roman TroopsBattle of Watling Street

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Battle at Mancetter

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Aftermath

• Harsh treatment of opponents• Support for Cartimandua through 69• Reward for T(C)ogidubnis• Absorption of Icenian territory• Rebuild and fortify

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Julius Classicianus

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Closing the Barn Door

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Roman, Medieval, Modern ditch


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