4 HTML Basics

Section 4.1• Format HTML tags• Identify HTML guidelines

Section 4.2• Organize Web site files and folder• Use a text editor• Use HTML tags and attributes• Create lists using HTML• View an HTML document

YOU WILL LEARN TO…

4 HTML Basics

YOU WILL LEARN TO…

Section 4.3• Insert images using HTML• Insert links using HTML• Debug and test a Web page

Section 4.4• Re-create an existing HTML document in

Dreamweaver• Test a Web page in Dreamweaver

SectionLearning Target 4.1

• Format HTML tags

• Identify HTML guidelines

Section

http://www.howcast.com/videos/474912-HTML-Tutorial-What-Is-HTML

Section 4.1 HTML CodingFocus on Reading

Main Ideas

An HTML document is composed of instructions, or tags. These tags tell Web browsers how to display the content contained in a Web page. The World Wide Web Consortium establishes guidelines and standards for using HTML.

Key Terms

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

HTML tag

starting tag

ending tag

nested tag

empty tag

source code

pp. 98-101

Section 4.1 HTML CodingHTML Tags

Knowing Hypertext Hypertext Markup Language Markup Language (HTML)(HTML) will help you understand how Web site development applications like Dreamweaver work.

You create Web page documents by inserting HTML tagsHTML tags into a text document.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) The code used to create Web pages. (p. 98)

HTML tag Text contained between two angle brackets (< >) that tells the Web browser how to display a page’s content. (p. 98)

pp. 98-101

Section 4.1 HTML CodingHTML Tags

HTML tags often come in startingstarting tag and ending ending tagtag sets.

starting tag The first of a pair of HTML tags; also known as an opening tag. (p. 98)

ending tag The last of a pair of HTML tags; also known as a closing tag. (p. 98)

pp. 98-101

Section 4.1 HTML CodingHTML Tags

Nested tagsNested tags refers to the order in which HTML tags appear.

Empty tagsEmpty tags do not require an ending tag.

nested tag An HTML tag that is enclosed within another set of tags. (p. 99)

empty tag An HTML tag that requires only an opening tag; also known as an orphan tag. (p. 99)

pp. 98-101

Section

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops specifications for the use of HTML and other programming languages that are used on the Internet.

These specifications help to ensure that all Web pages can be displayed by any browser that follows W3C specifications.

4.1 HTML CodingHTML Guidelines and Standards

pp. 98-101

Section

Understanding and using the basic guidelines for HTML code will help you see the relationship between the code you write and what you see in the Web browser. For example, extra spaces between elements in an HTML document will not necessarily display in a Web browser.

4.1 HTML CodingHTML Guidelines and Standards

pp. 98-101

Section 4.1 HTML CodingHTML Guidelines and Standards

You can see the HTML You can see the HTML commands used to create commands used to create any Web page by viewing any Web page by viewing itsits source code source code.

source code The text and HTML commands used to create the Web page. (p. 101)

pp. 98-101

Section 4.1 HTML Codingpp. 98-101

Evaluate An HTML tag that is enclosed within another set of tags is called what type of tag?

A. a starting tag

B. an empty tag

C. an ending tag

D. a nested tag

D. a nested tag

Section Assessment

Section

Complete Pg. 101 #1-5 in your notes

SectionLearning Target 4.2

• Organize Web site files and folder

• Use a text editor• Use HTML tags

and attributes• Create lists

using HTML• View an HTML

document

Section 4.2 Using a Text EditorFocus on Reading

Main Ideas

You can use a text editor to create text documents that can be displayed in a Web browser. These documents must contain HTML commands. Always organize your folders and files carefully when creating a Web site.

Key Terms

file name extension

attribute

ordered list

unordered list

pp. 102-108

Section

Every Web site is composed of folders and files.

Whether you use a text editor or a Web site development application, you must keep your files organized.

4.2 Using a Text EditorOrganizing Files and Folders

pp. 102-108

Section 4.2 Using a Text EditorUsing Notepad

Notepad can be used as a text editor for creating Web sites.

When you save an HTML document in Notepad, use the Save As function to name the file and choose the .html file name file name extensionextension.

file name extension The three or four characters after a period in a file name that tell the computer system what type of file it is reading. (p. 103)

pp. 102-108

Section 4.2 Using a Text EditorAdding Attributes using HTML

Some HTML tags can contain attributes to specify a tag’s characteristics. Some attributesattributes include:

• Font color• Background color• Heading• Alignment

attribute An HTML instruction that is included in an HTML tag to specify a characteristic of a Web page element. (p. 104)

pp. 102-108

Section 4.2 Using a Text EditorCreating Lists Using HTML

Lists help make text easier to read and add visual interest to a page.

There are two types of lists: ordered listsordered lists and unordered listsunordered lists.

ordered list A type of list that contains items, usually numbered, that must appear in a particular sequence.

(p. 106)

unordered list A list that contains items that can appear in any order; also known as a bulleted list).

(p. 106)

pp. 102-108

Section

With text editors you cannot see how your page will appear in a Web browser while you are creating it. You must save the HTML document and then view it in a browser.

4.2 Using a Text EditorViewing an HTML Page

pp. 102-108

Section

• Activity 4A – Create Folders to Organize a Site (p. 102)• Activity 4B – Create and Saving an HTML Document

(p. 104)• Activity 4C – Add Color and Format Text Using HTML

(p. 106)• Activity 4D – Create an Unordered List Using HTML (p. 107)• Activity 4E – View HTML in a Browser (p. 108)

4.2 Using a Text Editorpp. 102-108

Section 4.2 Using a Text Editor

Analyze Which file name extension should you choose when you save an HTML file in Notepad?

A. .html

B. .doc

C. .xls

D. .mlth

A. .html

pp. 102-108

Section Assessment

SectionLearning Target 4.3

Section 4.3 Enhancing and Testing Your HTML Page

Focus on Reading

Main Ideas

Use image tags to insert graphics using HTML. You can create links by using an anchor tag to specify the clickable area. A link can be absolute or relative. Web pages must be tested.

Key Terms

anchor tag

text link

graphic link

relative link

absolute link

debugging

testing

pp. 109-114

Section

You can insert images into pages using the <IMG> tag and assign these common attributes:

• Source (src)• Alternative text (alt)• Align (align)• Border (border)• Width (width)• Height (height)

<IMG> src=“images/book.gif” alt=“Books” align=“center” border=“0” width=“40” height=“30”>

4.3

Adding Images Using HTML

pp. 109-114

Enhancing and Testing Your HTML Page

Section 4.3

Inserting Links Using HMTL

There are different types of HTML links.

• Anchor tag Anchor tag ((<A></A><A></A>))• Text linkText link• Graphic linkGraphic link

anchor tag An HTML tag used to create hyperlinks. The tag identifies what is clicked on and where it links to. (p. 110)

text link A type of link in which users click text to activate the link. (p. 111)

graphic link A type of link in which users click an image to activate the link. (p. 111)

pp. 109-114

Enhancing and Testing Your HTML Page

Section 4.3

Inserting Links Using HMTL

Text and graphic links are either relativerelative or absoluteabsolute.

The anchor tag set uses the href (short for Hypertext Reference) attribute to tell the Web browser where it needs to link to.

relative link A type of link that is used when linking to a local file, such as one within the same Web site. (p. 111)

absolute link A type of link that contains the complete URL or path of the file being linked to. (p. 112)

pp. 109-114

Enhancing and Testing Your HTML Page

Section 4.3

Testing a Web Page

DebuggingDebugging and testing testing your Web site will help you to make sure that the pages display properly and all links are connected correctly.

debugging The process of locating and correcting any obvious errors in a Web site’s HTML code. (p. 113)

testing The process of repeatedly checking the Web page and site to make certain that elements display as designed. (p. 113)

pp. 109-114

Enhancing and Testing Your HTML Page

Section

• Activity 4F – Insert and Image Using HTML (p. 110)• Activity 4G – Insert Absolute Links Using HTML (p. 112)• Activity 4H – Test an HTML Document (p. 113)

4.3pp. 109-114

Enhancing and Testing Your HTML Page

Section 4.3

True/False Text and graphic links are either relative or absolute.

True. Text and graphics are either relative or absolute. A relative link is used when linking to a local file. An absolute link contains the complete URL or path of the of the file being linked to.

pp. 109-114

Enhancing and Testing Your HTML Page

Section Assessment

SectionLearning Target 4.4

Section 4.4 Dreamweaver Versus NotepadFocus on Reading

Main Ideas

A Web site development application allows you to create Web sites by clicking buttons instead of typing HTML commands into a text document.

Key Terms

color palette

border

pp. 116-122

Section

The major advantage of using Dreamweaver is that you can see approximately how your final page will appear while you are working on it.

This allows you to make adjustments, such as changing the font size or background color, as you go.

4.4 Dreamweaver Versus NotepadAdding Color and Formatting Text in Dreamweaver

pp. 116-122

Section 4.4 Dreamweaver Versus NotepadAdding Color and Formatting Text in Dreamweaver

In Dreamweaver, there are two ways to select background colors:• Enter hexadecimal numbers into the Background color box in the Page Properties dialog box.• Choose a color from the Dreamweaver color palette.

color palette A menu of colors available in the Dreamweaver program.

(p. 116)

pp. 116-122

Section 4.4 Dreamweaver Versus NotepadAdding Graphics and Links

Adding a borderborder can add visual interest to your page.

border A visual break on the page that is used to add visual interest and to separate elements. (p. 120)

pp. 116-122

Section

Always spell check and proofread your Web page.

Also view your Web page in more than one browser to make sure each line works properly.

4.4 Dreamweaver Versus NotepadTesting a Web Page

pp. 116-122

Section

• Activity 4I – Create and Format a page in Dreamweaver

(p. 117)• Activity 4J – Add Headings and Unordered Lists in

Dreamweaver (p. 118)• Activity 4K – Insert a Graphic and Links in Dreamweaver

(p. 120)• Activity 4L – Test a Web Page in Dreamweaver (p. 122)

4.4 Dreamweaver Versus Notepadpp. 116-122

Section 4.4 Dreamweaver Versus Notepadpp. 116-122

True/False One major advantage of Dreamweaver is that it allows you to create Web sites by keying HTML commands instead of clicking buttons.

False. Dreamweaver’s major advantage is that you can see how your page will turn out while you are working on it.

Section Assessment

4 HTML Basics

Identify The attributes src, alt, align, border, width, and height are all commonly used with which type of tag?

A. Ordered list

B. Image

C. Nested

D. Anchor

B. Image

Chapter Review

4 HTML Basics

Analyze Why should you always test and debug your Web pages before publishing them?

Debugging and testing a Web site ensures that all of the pages display properly and that all links work correctly.

Chapter Review

4 HTML Basics

Chapter Resources

For more resources on this chapter, go to the Introduction to Web Design Using Dreamweaver Web site at WebDesignDW.glencoe.com.