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MWANZA SEMINAR
22nd July 2015
PLASCO OVERVIEWPE PIPING SYSTEMS
PE - Basics
Polyethylene (PE) belongs to a group of Polymers that consist of Carbon and Hydrogen (Hydrocarbons) also known as Polyolefins
Semi-crystalline thermoplastic
Does not dissolve in common solvents and hardly swells
Modern PE100 grades consist of two different molecular chains (short & long)
High tensile strength with a high resistance against fast and slow crack propagation
Types : HDPE, MDPE, LLDPE, LDPE
(CH2-CH2)n
2
PE - Basics
Polyethylene
High Density Polyethylene HDPE
Medium Density Polyethylene MDPE
Linear Low Density Polyethylene LLDPE
Low Density Polyethylene LDPE
Increasing density,
tensile strength, elastic
modulus, crystallinity,
abrasion and chemical
resistance
Applications for which Polyolefin pipes and
fittings are best suited
Suitable PP-B Applications
Gravity drainage and sewerage networks
Industrial pipelines carrying aggressive chemicals at high concentrations and temperatures
Suitable PE Applications
Water, irrigation and gas distribution networks
Smaller water and gas transmission pipelines up to 25 bar pressure. For larger dias. use steel with 3LPE coating.
Trenchless technology applications
Sewage and drainage pumping mains
High abrasion applications such as pipelines carrying mining slurries
Lower temperature Industrial applications
Suitable PP-R Applications
Domestic hot and cold water systems
Industrial pipelines carrying aggressive chemicals at high
concentrations, temperatures
and pressures
Examples of polyethylene pipe applications
PE and PP undersea pipelines including intakes and outfalls
PE domestic water supply networks
Examples of polyethylene pipe applications
PE water and slurry pipelines for mining operations
PE Industrial water supply and sea water cooling systems
Examples of polyethylene pipe applications
PE domestic and industrial gas supply networks
PE drip and spray irrigation systems
Key reasons for the success of modern
PE80 and PE100 pipe systems
Subjective comparison of properties for
different pipeline materialsProperty & performance
Ductile Iron GRP Steel PVC PE80 & PE100
Corrosion resistance
medium Excellent poor excellent excellent
Toughness good poor excellent poor excellent
Ease of jointingeasy
spigot & socketvery difficult - laminating
difficult- welding
easyspigot & socket
difficult- welding
Joint integrity goodlaminated
goodwelded
- excellentmedium
welded -excellent
Flexibility poor poor medium poor excellent
Ease of installation
easy poor medium easy medium
No dig techniques
very limited very limited limited very limited excellent
Abrasion Resistance
poor medium poor good excellent
Capital cost high medium low (large dia.) high medium low (small dia.) medium high
Whole life cost medium high medium medium low
PE Pressure Piping Systems
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Cost effective solution for a broad range of
piping problems in municipal, industrial,
marine, mining, ducts and agricultural
applications
PE is strong, extremely tough and very durable
WHY USE PE PIPELINES FOR WATER
Flexibility
Tough and corrosion free pipe and fittings
Excellent hydraulic performance due to low
surface roughness, less
pump wear and reduced
energy cost
Fully welded systems
Leakage free when properly installed
Light weight
Suitable for uneven terrain
Trenchless installation possible
Lower maintenance cost
Full range of sizes available in PE - service connections to
trunk mains; not limited to small
diameters and low pressures
Water quality preserved
Long lifetime, up to 50 years with water
PE is environmentally friendly
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
Flexibility
PE pipes can be coiled and wound on a drum in sizes up to 225 mm diameter
Pipes can follow curving trenches
Can accept ground movements
Visco-elastic materials like PE deform under load allowing stresses to relax
Pipe & soil interact and develop an equilibrium situation
PE is therefore able to shed stresses and increase service life
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
Tough and corrosion free pipes and fittings
First pipes installed 40 years+ ago-still in use although first generation materials
Iron and steel pipes frequently fail due to corrosion when protective coatings
degrade or become damaged
Also the type of soil can lead to external corrosion of metal pipes
Corrosion products also impair water quality in iron & steel pipes.
PE vs. Metal Piping
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PE vs. Metal Piping
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Active role in keeping drinking water
clean along Transport & Distribution chains
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
Excellent hydraulic performance due to low
surface roughness
Old cast iron pipes have variable
initial roughness increases with
age
New DI is cement lined with low
roughness but future is unclear
New PE has very low roughness
factor and this remains virtually
constant
This means a smaller Internal
diameter PE pipe has the same
flow capacity as larger DI pipe
0 1 2 3
PE old
PE new
DI old
DI new
CI old
CI new
0.05
0.05
1
0.38
2.5
0.25
PE has lowest roughness
Roughness factor ks
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
Fully welded systems
PE has welded joints with full end load resistance both butt and electro-fusion joints
Continuous welded systems better withstand earth movement
PE resists hydraulic forces without the need for anchor blocks lower cost
PE pipes are supplied in longer lengths usually of 12m or 18m
PE can be joined in parallel with trench preparation
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
UKWIR Water Mains National Failure Database
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Average
Year
Failu
res
per
10
0km
per
yea
r
Iron
Asbestos Cement
PVC
Ductile Iron
PE
Very low levels of leakage UK failure database analysis
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
Adaptability
Connection to any other
system possible PVC, DI,
GI, AC, etc.
Special custom made PE
fabricated fittings possible
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
Light weight
Example for a 160mm OD SDR 11 (PN 16) PE100 pipe:
PE 100 = 7 kg/m
PVC = 9.5 kg/m
DI = 24 kg/m
Steel = 29 kg/m
Easier and cheaper to transport
Easier and safer to handle and install on site requiring less mechanical plant
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
Full range of sizes available in PE - service connections to trunk mains
Standard PE100 pipes are available from 16 mm to
2000 mm OD
Same material for the complete network, from trunk
mains to house connections
Some water utilities prefer to use PE80 for service
connections as it is more
flexible than PE100 and
specs. call for small dia.
pipes to be SDR11 anyway
PE80 or PE100 service connections
PE100 distribution main
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
With high quality low sag
PE100 materials pipe sizes
are not limited to small dias.
and low pressures
SDR Max. Pipe wall thickness
Operating [mm]
Pressure
[bar] 450 500 560 630 710 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
26 6.3 17.2 19.1 21.4 24.1 27.2 30.6 34.4 38.2 45.9 53.5 61.2 68.8 76.4
22 7.5 20.5 22.8 25.5 28.7 32.3 36.4 41.0 45.5 54.6 63.7 72.7 81.8 90.9
21 8 21.5 23.9 26.7 30.0 33.9 38.1 42.9 47.7 57.2 66.7 76.2 85.7 95.2
17 10 26.7 29.7 33.2 37.4 42.1 47.4 53.3 59.3 71.6 83.0 94.8 105.8 117.6
13.6 12.5 33.1 36.8 41.2 46.3 52.2 58.8 66.1 73.5 88.2 102.9 117.6
11 16 40.9 45.4 50.8 57.2 64.4 72.6 81.7 90.7 109.1
9 20 50.3 55.8 62.5 70.3 79.3 89.3
7.4 25 61.5 68.3 76.5 86.0 96.9
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
Water quality PE100 contains no constituents that effect
the quality of drinking water
Insensitive to change of water quality (PH, hardness)
Low friction coefficient
No encrustation deposits hence no loss of cross section and flow over time
Organoleptic properties no taste, odour or colour problems
No encouragement of microbiological growth
Key reasons for success of modern PE Piping systems
PE is environmentally friendly
Low weight helps saving transport and installation costs (labour & energy)
Long life of pipelines and very low levels of leakage help protect water resources
PE100 pipes can be recycled or incinerated, having a high energy content
Low energy consumption and emissions over their life cycle
PE100 resins produced from ethane gas which was previously flared off at oil fields and refineries
PE Pressure Piping System - Advantages
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Highest corrosion resistance, even to harsh acids
Corrosion resistant to water applications
No extra corrosion prevention essential
Plastics generally much lighter in weight
Suitable for uneven terrain
Lower maintenance costs
High safety
Flexible
Smooth surface results higher flow rates, less pump wear,
reduced energy costs
Excellent abrasion and scale resistance
Long lifetime, up to 50 years using PE100 with water
Global standards : ISO/DIN, ASTM, BS, JIS......
Complete systems
Moving.
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To this.From this.
Large Diameter PE Pipes
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Benefits
Cost effective system and lower overall cost of
ownership
High impact strength
Chemical resistance
Easy and fast jointing of system; fewer joints
Performs at low temperatures
Weathering (UV) resistant
Large Diameter PE Pipes
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Applications
Mining above and below ground installations
Slurry Lines to convey suspended solid matter in quarries and mines
Industrial and Chemical to transport aggressive fluids or hazardous waste
Submerged Pipelines for cable ducting, water and sewerage
Water Supply & Irrigation
Sewage, Effluent and Waste Water
Compressed Gas Distribution
Trenchless Construction for water supply, sewerage, conduits and gas
Large Diameter PE Pipes
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Semi-rigid pipes with limited number of joints
PE Pipe Performance Statistics
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Resistance to soil movement - Failure statistics of gas pipe in Japan
1995
PE Pipe Systems
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PE Pipe systems are fully accepted in
many countries as best solutions for
Drinking Water and Gas distribution
networks - 30 years track record
THANK YOU
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PLASCO LTD.
Your one-stop-shop for
piping solutions
www.plasco.co.tz
Sales Hotlines : +255 717 752 726 / +255 686 350 543 / +255 769 756 495
