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PSYCHOEDUCATION

Sohema Tahir

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What is Psychoeducation

Psychoeducation refers to the education offeredto people who live with a psychologicaldisturbance or any such condition. Frequentlypsychoeducational training involves patients aswell as Family members.

A goal is for the patient to understand and bebetter able to deal with the presented illness orcondition.

The patient's own strengths, resources andcoping skills are reinforced, in order to avoid

relapse and contribute to their own health andwellness on a long-term basis.

The theory is that, with better knowledge thepatient can better adjust and live with theircondition.

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Defining Psychoeducation

Psychoeducation could be explained as systematicallyused

and structured forms of patient information, which aremeant

for informing the patient and/or the family members about

the following things:

mental disorders

characteristic symptoms and early signs of warning

guidance for the introspection and appropriate

perception of typical symptoms of the problem understanding of the disorder (what caused the

problem?)

how to act as a responsible person (what can I do?)

Preventing relapses (protection from renewed

occurrence)

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Forms of Psychoeducation

Psychoeducation can be offered indifferent

forms:

lectures

psychoeducative groups

single consultation

counseling (brochures, books, videos,

other media)

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Important elements of

Psychoeducation Transfer of information (symptomatology of the

disturbance, causes, treatment concepts, etc.)

Exchange of emotions(understanding topromote, exchange of experiences with othersconcerning, contacts, etc.)

Available support (medical treatment,psychotherapeutic facilities)

Assistance to self help(e.g. training, as crisissituations are promptly recognized and whatsteps should be taken to be able to help thepatient).

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Topics of Psychoeducation for

Flood Affectees

Health water borne illnesses

Hygiene

Prevention of Psychologicalproblems

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Psychoeducation around

Psychological Problems

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Depression

Grief

Adjustment related problems

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Post Traumatic Stress

Disorder

Criterion A: Stressor

Criterion B: Intrusive recollection

Criterion C: Avoidant/Numbing

Criterion D: Hyper-arousal

Criterion E: Duration

Criterion F: Functional significance

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Specifiers

Acute Chronic

If duration of symptoms

is less than 3 months

If duration of symptoms

is 3 months or more.

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Specifiers

With Delayed Onset Without Delayed Onset

Onset of symptoms at

least 6 months after thestressor

Onset of symptoms is

less than 6 months afterthe stressor

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Depression

Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can

affect a person's thoughts, behavior, feelings and physical well-

being.

Depressed people may feel sad, anxious, empty, hopeless, helpless,

worthless, guilty, irritable, or restless.

They may lose interest in activities that once were pleasurable.

Experience loss of appetite or overeating, or problems

concentrating, remembering details or making decisions; and may

contemplate or attempt suicide.

Insomnia, excessive sleeping, fatigue, loss of energy, or aches,

pains or digestive problems that are resistant to treatment may be

present.

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Learn to differentiate

NormalSadness/Depression

Clinical Depression

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Grief

Grief work is not a set of symptomsbut rather a process of suffering that

marks a transition from an old lifestyle

to a new one, punctuated bynumbness, denial, anger,depression, and eventually recovery.

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Adjustment related problems

Changes in environment lead to stressand

it takes time to adjust to new strange

situationAnxiety

Stress

Depression associated with difficultiesin adjustment

Functioning in different domains mightget affected

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Phases of Recovery

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Emergency or Outcry Phase

The survivor experiences heightened "fight or flight" reactionsto the life-threatening event.

This phase lasts as long as the survivor believes it to last.

Pulse, blood pressure, respiration, and muscle activity are allincreased.

Concomitant feelings of fear and helplessness predominate.

Termination of the event itself is followed by relief and

confusion.

Preoccupation centers around questions about why the eventhappened and the long-term consequences.

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Emotional Numbing and Denial

Phase The survivor shelters psychic wellbeing

by burying the traumatic experience insubconscious memory.

By avoiding the experience, the victimtemporarily reduces anxiety and stressresponses.

Many survivors may remain at this stageunless they receive professionalintervention.

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Intrusive-Repetitive Phase

The survivor has nightmares, mood swings,intrusive images, and startle reactions.

Overreliance on defense mechanisms (e.g.,intellectualization, projection, or denial) or self-

defeating behaviors (e.g., abuse of alcohol orother drugs) may become part of copingbehaviors in an effort to repress the traumaticevent.

At this juncture, the delayed stress becomes sooverwhelming that the survivor may either seekhelp or become so stuck in the pathology of thesituation that professional intervention becomesnecessary.

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Reflective-Transition Phase

The survivor is able to put thetraumatic event into perspective.

He or she begins to interact positivelyand constructively with a future

orientation and exhibits a willingness

to put the traumatic event behind himor her.