4691 4695.output

* GB785098 (A)

Description: GB785098 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Separation of the antibiotic spiramycin into its components

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PATENT SPECIFICATION 785,098 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Jan 2, 1956. No 107/56. Application made in France on Nov 30, 1955. (Patent of Addition to No 758,726, dated June 28, 1954). Complete Specification Published: Oct 23, 1957. Index at acceptance:-C Iass 2 ( 3), AA 1 C( 1 A; 1 B; IC; 2 A), AA 2 A 3. International Classification; C 07 g C 12 d. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Separation of the Antibiotic Spiramycin into its Componentgs We, SOCIETE DES USINES CHIMIQUES II and III further purifying said constituents RRONE-POULENC, a French body corporate, of by crystallisation from an aromatic hydro21 rue Jean-Goujon, Paris 8 e, France, do carbon solvent. hereby declare the invention for which we Separation: by counter-current distribution 50 pray that a patent may be granted to us, and may be carried out, for example, in a Craig the method by which it is to be performed, apparatus (A WEIASBERGER -Technique to be particularly described in and by the of organic chemistry-Interscience Publishers following statement: New York-Vol III, p 286) It is

possible The present invention relates to new anti to work at a temperature between O and 50 55 I 0 biotics, salts thereof, and to processes for the C, but it is preferable to work at about 20preparation thereof and is an improvement in 250 C Cyclohexane is difficult to use by reason or modification of the invention described in of the low solubility of spiramycin therein and Specification No 758,726 accordingly there is employed, in accordance In Specification No 758,726 there is with the present invention a solvent of the 60 7 15 described an antibiotic, produced by fermen aromatic hydrocarbon group (such as benzene) tation of Streptomyces ambofaciens (NRRL or a chlorinated solvent (such as dichloroNo 2420), to which there has been given the ethane) or mixtures of these solvents There name spiramycin This material is actually a is used as the second phase a buffer solution mixture of three different constituents of very having a p H value between 6 and 7 The two 65 similar chemical composition and as stated in -phases are previously mutually saturated, that the said specification the existence of these is to say, there is used for the separation, for three constituents was analytically revealed by example, the two phases separated by decantcounter-current distribution by means of a ing a mixture composed of one volume of the Craig apparatus, using cyclohexane and an organic solvent and-one volume of the aqueous 70 aqueous spiramycin solution containing 1 % of phase. disodium phosphate It has now been found The spiramycin to be treated is brought into that these constituents, which will hereinafter solution in a fraction of the organic phase, be calledlspiramycins I, II and III respectively, This fraction is equal to the volume of the can be separated in the pure state and the organic phase to be introduced into one or 75 present invention relates-to improved processes more of the first cells of the counter-current for the preparation of said constituents distribution apparatus It would be ideal to According to a first feature of the present be able to introduce all the spiramycin into invention a, process for the separation of the the first cell, because in this case a better aforesaid constituents from spiramycin com separation would be effected, but a limit is 80 prises subjecting a solution of spiramycin to set by questions of solubility if it is desired treatment in a manner known per se in a to treat relatively large quantities of product counter-current distribution apparatus employ An acceptable separation is effected, by distriing as phases an organic phase consisting of buting the spiramycin in the first two, three an aromatic hydrocarbon or chlorinated hydro or four cells 85 carbon

solvent, or mixture thereof, and an The fractionation is effected in the manner aqueous phase consisting of a salt solution usual in this type of separation, and the various buffered to p H 6 to 7, the two phases being constituents are isolated from the fractions initially mutually saturated, isolating the con containing them by extraction in the organic stituents from the organic phase fractions after phase (after making alkaline), and thereafter 90 rendering those fractions alkaline and evapor evaporating the solvent from this phase In ating the solvent and in the case of constituents the case of spiramycins II and III this is 785,098 followed by crystallisation from a solvent of the aromatic hydrocarbon group, such for example as benzene. According to a further feature of the invention a process for the separation-of the said constituents from spiramycin comprises subjecting a solution of spiramycin to chromatography on alumina If it is desired to separate spiramycin I from spiramycins II and m, it is advantageous to use a good solvent for spiramycins, such as an aromatic hydrocarbon (for example benzene) or ether In this case, spiramycins II and HI are separated from. spiramycin I by elution by this same solvent. The spiramycin I remains on the column and is thereaf ter Washed out by a benzene-acetone or benzene-alcohol mixture or by alcohol or acetone. For separating the spiramycin II from the spiramycin m T, a less effective solvent for spiramycins is employed, such as a mixture of cyclohexane and an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene or a -mixture of cyclohexane and ether The elution by this same mixture gives fractions enriched in spiramycin Ill, while the spiramycin II remains on the column and can be washed out by ether and then by a mixture of ether and acetone. On repeating these chromatographic operations, spiramycins I, II and Ill are obtained in the pure state The bases are isolated from the fractions containing them by evaporation of the organic solvent, followed in the case of spiramycins II and m by crystallisation from an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, such for 35 example as benzene. According to a further feature of the invention a process for the separation of the said constituents from spiramycin comprises subjecting spiramycin to fractional crystallisation 40 from an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, preferably benzene It is possible by this method to separate the mixture of bases II and III, which crystallises from benzene, from base I, which remains in the mother liquor The amorphous 45 base I is then purified either by countercurrent distribution or by chromatography with alumina Bases II and Im I can be separated either by counter-current distribution or by chromatography with alumina, followed by 50 recrystallisation from

benzene. Spiramycins I, II and Im have substantially the same anti-bacterial spectrum and the same activity as the starting spiramycin. The following examples show by way of 55 non-limitative example how the invention can be carried into practice. EXAMPLE L g of spiramycin in the form of its crude base are fractionated in a Craig apparatus comprising 60 cells, each having a capacity of cc The solvents employed consist of the two separate phases of the following mixture: benzene buffer solution p H 6 47 (KH P 04 635 g, Nak HPO 4, 12 HAO:7 14 g; water to make 1 litre) 1 volume 1 volume cc of aqueous phase are introduced into each of the cells of the Craig apparatus disposed in a chamber at 240 C and the spiramycin is dissolved in 200 cc of the benzene phase The distribution is then effected by the usual method 100 cc of spiramycin solution in the benzene phase are introduced into the first cell, shaken and decanted, and the benzene phase is transferred into the second cell; a further 100 cc of spiramycin solution is then introduced in the aqueous phase in the first cell After agitation and decanting, the benzene phase is transferred from the second cell into the third cell, and that from the first cell into the second cell The fractionation is continued in this way, introducing 100 cc of benzene phase into the first cell after each decanting operation 85 When 59 transfers in series have been effected, the separation is ended The contents of each cell are collected, the aqueous phase is made alkaline at p H 9-10 by means of dilute caustic soda, agitated and the benzene 90 phase is decanted A second extraction of the aqueous phase is effected by means of 40 cc. of benzene, which is combined with the first decanted phase The total volume of the benzene extract is adjusted to 150 cc The dry 95 extract is determined on an aliquot part of each benzene solution, and a curve is plotted to represent the concentration of dry extract in each cell Three concentration maxima are obtained, which correspond to the following 100 partition ratios of the three constituents: 785,098 Cell having the Partition ratio = maximum Conc in benzene phase concentration Conc in aqueous phase Product A 11 K 1 = 0 22 Product B 25 K,, = O 71 Product C 37 K 11, = 1 6 Comparison of the experimental distribution curve with the curve calculated from the partition ratio found shows that the constituents are in the pure state in the solutions corresponding to the following cells: Product A Cells 5 to 15 Product B Cells 21 to 28 Product C Cells 35 to 45 The benzene solutions containing a common constituent in the pure state are collected, the solvent is driven off by distillation under reduced pressure and the distillation residue is dried in vacuo ( 6 hours at 40 C under 1 mm).

There are thus obtained: Product A: 7 8 g. Product B: 2 9 g. Product C: 3 4 g. Product A is dried to constant weight in a vacuum oven ( 40 C 1 mm for 12 hours). It has the following characteristics: Composition: C% = 60 3; H%= 8 7; 0 %= 28 5; N% = 3 2 Melting (on the Maqueune block) = 134-137 C. lal 20 (c = 1 %, methanol) = 96 Ultraviolet spectrum (in solution in ethanol)1 %_ maximum absorption at 232 myu (Elcm = 322) These constants are those of spiramycin I. Chromatography on Whatman paper No 1 impregnated with buffer solution (Na 2 HPO 4, 1211 H 20 'at a concentration of 23 8 g /1 at p H 9), with the light phase of the cyclohexane methylisobutylletone-water system ( 85: 15: 25 volumes) as developer solution, using the descending technique with a 4-hour development at 25 C, shows after bisantography on a nutrient agar plate inoculated with B Subtilis the presence of a single product characterised by an Rf of 0 04. 2 g of spiramycin I base are converted into the corresponding sulphate by dissolution of the base in 5 cc of methanol and adjusting the p H value of the solution to 5 5 by the addition of a dilute sulphuric acid solution in methanol The salt is precipitated by adding the methanol solution to 250 cc of anhydrous ether with agitation The precipitate is centrifuged and dried. Weight of sulphate obtained: 1 95 g. SO,%: 10 0 l.l 20 (c= 2 %, water): -73 + 1 It is also possible to prepare other s-alts, such as the hydrochloride, the nitrate, the perchlorate and the phthalate by the same method. 2 g of product B are dissolved in 4 cc of benzene at boiling temperature, the solution is cooled to 10 C and after 15 hours the crystals obtained are centrifuged, washed with 0.2 cc of benzene and dried 1 57 g of crystallised product melting at 129-132 C is thus obtained. A second crystallisation carried out under the same conditions gives a product having a melting point of 130-133 C and having the following characteristics: Composition: C%= 61 6; H% -8 5; 0 %= 26.8; N% = 3 1 l.l 2 o (c = 1 %, methanol)= 86 Ultraviolet spectrum (in solution in ethanol): 1 %= maximum absorption at 232 my (E 1 cm = 307) These constants are those of spiramycin II. Chromatography on paper effected under the same conditions as for spiramycin I indicates the presence of a single product characterised by an Rf of 0 15. 2 g of spiramycin II base are converted into sulphate.

Weight of sulphate obtained: 1 9 g 80 504 %: 9 8 g. l.lJ 2 (c= 2 %, water): -72 + 1 3 g of the product C are dissolved in 6 cc. of benzene at boiling temperature, the solution is cooled to 10 C and after 15 hours the 85 crystals obtained are centrifuged, washed with 0.3 cc of benzene and dried 1 9 g of crystallised product melting at 127-130 C is thus obtained. A second crystallisation carried out under 90 the same conditions gives a product having a melting point of 128-131 C having the following characteristics: Composition: C%= 61, HI%= 8 5; 0 %= 26.7; N% = 3 0 95 lHlD'2 (c= 1:%, methanol)= -83 Ultraviolet spectrum (in solution in ethanol): 1 %_ maximum absorption at 232 m/ (E lcm = 327) These constants are those of spiramycin III. Chromatography on paper carried out under 100 the same conditions as for spiramycin I indicates the presence of a single product characterised by a Rf of 0 22 l 2 g of spiramycin III base are converted into sulphate Weight of sulphate : obtained:: 1 85 g SO%: 95 : l.l 2 o (c= 2 %, water): -72 + 10 C EXAMPLE II g of spiramycin in the form of its crude base are dissolved at boiling temperature in 120 cc of benzene, the solution is cooled to + 10 C and maintained under slow agitation for 15 hours, and the crystals obtained-are-centrifuged, washed with 30 cc of benzene and dried, thus constituting the first fraction. The mother liquors, to which the washing liquors are added, are concentrated in vacuo to 60 cc and the solution obtained is subjected to repeated crystallisation by the same method whereby a second fraction is obtained. A third fraction is obtained by evaporating the mother liquors to dryness. g of the first fraction are recrystallised from 100 cc of benzene as hereinbefore indicated, and the crystals obtained are washed with 20-cc of benzene and dried. 29 g of crystallised product are obtained. -A third-crystallisation of 20 g of the above product from 40 cc of benzene gives 14 g of crystals containing only spiramycins II and 30 II, the characteristics of which are as follows: Spiramycin II content-56 % by weight III,, 4 M.p (on the Maquenne block)-139-140 35 C. la 1 D 2 ( (c= 1 % methanol)= 860 The spiramycin II and HI contents, just given were determined by chromatography on paper under the conditions defined in Example 40 I. g of base enriched with spiramycin I by crystallisation of the mixture

of II and III and emanating from the third fraction of the first crystallisation are dissolved in 125 cc of ether and the solution is chromatographed on a column of alumina (weight of alumina: 500 g., diameter of the column: 28 mm) After the passage of the ethereal solution, the chromatograph is developed with ether, the object of which is to eliminate spiramycins II and Im Spiramycin I is then washed out by passing a mixture of ether and acetone ( 1: 1 by volume) through the column. The progress of the chromatography is summarised in the following table: ::-: Composition, No of Composition Totalio frac of dry spiramycin spiramycin spiramycin tions the solvent Volume Extract I II Im -1 ether 800 cc O 4 g 2 X:, 200 cc 4 g 36 % 30 % 34 % 3,, 200 cc 2 4 g 60 % 22 % 18 % 4,, 2006 cc 1 6 g 78 % 12 % 10 % 5,, 200 cc 1 g 90 % traces traces 6,, 500 cc 0 5 g 90 %,,,, 7 ether-acetone 400 cc 1 1 g 100 % ( 1:1 volume) 8,, 400 cc 4 9 g '100 % 9, 400 cc 2 9 g 100 % 10,, 400 cc 1 g 100 % The relative compositions were determined by chromatography on paper under the conditions described above n Fractions 7, 8, 9 and 10 are collected and concentrated under reduced pressure and the base obtained is dried in vacuo ( 40 C for hours at 1 mm). The base-thus' prepared consists of spira 65 mycin I having the following characteristics: : Melting point on the Maquenne block 133-135 C. l 4 (c= 1 % methanol) _ 94 X Ultra-violet spectrum (in solution of ethanol) E:E Il' at 232 m/x:316 - cm / 785,09 g 785,098 Chromatography carried out on paper under the conditions of Example I shows that the product contains a single constituent characterised by an Rf of 0 04. 20 g of spiramycin base II+III obtained by three successive crystallisations and having the following composition: benzene buffer solution having a p H value of 6 24 (KH 2 PO: 7 26 g, Na 2 HPO,, 12 HO: When the distribution has been completed, the aqueous phases are rendered alkaline and extracted with benzene and the dry extract of each benzene solution is determined The disSpiramycin II: 56 % by weight Spiramycin III: 44 % by weight are fractionated in the Craig apparatus used 10 in the course of the separation described in Example I The operation is carried out as described in that example with the following system of solvents: 1 volume 4.8 g, water to make 1 litre) 1 volume tribution curve shows two maxima corresponding to spiramycins II and III characterised by the following partition ratios: Partition ratio = Cells having maximum conc in benzene phase concentration conc in aqueous phase spiramycin II 11 KX, = 0 22

spiramycin III 26 Km = 0 76 Comparison of the experimental distribution curve with the curve calculated from the values of the partition ratio found show that the two constituents are in the pure state in a 30 the solutions emanating from the following cells: spiramycin II: spiramycin III: cells 6 to 15 cells 21 to 31 The benzene solutions corresponding to these two groups of cells are dried and the bases obtained are crystallised from benzene as described in Example I. 7.2 g of spiramycin II and 5 1 g of spiramycin III in crystallised form are thus obtained, the characteristics of which are as follows: Spiramycin II Spiramycin III M.p on the Maquenne block 130 132 C 128 130 C. lal D 20 (c = 1 % methanol) 86 -83 Ultra-violet spectrum (in ethanol solution) El% at 232 my 305 325 1 cm at Chromatography on paper a single product a single product ,,, ,, Rf 0 15 0 22 _f EXAMPLE III. g of crystallised mixture of spiramycins II and III prepared as in Example II and having the following composition: spiramycin II: 56 % by weight spiramycin III: 44 % by weight are dissolved in 450 cc of a mixture of cyclohexane and ether ( 2: 1 by volume) and the solution is chromatographed on an alumina column (weight of alumina: 600 g, a diameter of the column: 35 mm) The chromatograph is developed first by the same mixture of cyclohexane and ether and then 55 successively by ether and by a mixture of ether and acetone ( 1: 1 by volume). The progress of the chromatography is summarised by the following table: 7 Y 5,g 08 Composition Composition No of of Total dry spiramycin spiramycin fractions the solvent Volume Extract II III 1 cyclohexane 200 cc O 1 g : - ether ( 2:1 by vol) i 2,, 200 cc 1 5 g -3,,: 100 cc 6 g traces 95 % 4,, 100 cc 5 g 15 % 85 % 5,, 300 cc 6 g 30 % 70 % 6,, 500 cc 1 8 g 50 % 50 % 7,0 , 1400 cc 3 g 60 % 40 % 8 ether= 500 cc ' O 9 g 70 % 30 % 9 -,,==500 cc 4 7-g 80 % 20 % 10,, 500 cc 2 g 80 % 20 % II ether-acetone 1000 cc 7 g 85 % 15 % ( 1:I by vol) 12,, 1000 cc 7 4 g 95 % traces Therelative compositions were determined obtained. by chromatography on paper under the con The treatment of fraction 12 under the ditions described above same conditions, followed by a crystallisation Fraction 3 is concentrated under reduced -by the method indicated in Example I, gives pressure and the residue is dried and there 5 8 g of crystallised spiramycin II in the after crystallised from 12 cc of benzene as form of its base. indicated in Example I 4 g of spiramycin HI Characteristics of the products obtained: in the form of its: crystallised base are thus Spiramycin II

Spiramycin III M.p on the Maquenne block 130-132 C 128-130 C. lal D 2(c 1 % methanol) -85 -82 Ultra-violet spectrum (in solution in ethanol) -E % at 23-2 min 305 325 Chromatography on paper a single product a single product :-',,,,, Rf O L 5 O; 22 : X X 6 EXAMPLE IV. g of spiramycin in the form of its crude base are dissolved in 500 cc of benzene and the solution is chromatographed on a column containing 750 g of alumina (diameter of the column: 40 mm) After the passage of the benzene solution, the chromatograph is developed with benzene, which has the effect of washing out all the spiramycins II and III. A mixture of benzene and acetone ( 1: 3 by volume) is thereafter used for the development, which has the effect of washing out the spiramycin I. The progress of the chromatography is summarised by the following table: Composition No of Composition Total frac of dry spiramycin spiramycin spiramycin tions the solvent Volume Extract I II III 1 benzene 800 cc 5 g 10 % 30 % 60 % 2,, 500 cc 9 g 10 % 35 % 55 % 3,, 500 cc 7 g 20 % 40 % 40 % 4,, 500 cc 2 g; 50 % 30 % 20 % benzene 400 cc 5 g 80 % 10 % 10 % acetone ( 1:3 by volume) 6,, 400 cc 8 g 100 % 7,, 400 cc 3 g 100 % 8,, 800 cc 1 g 100 % J Fractions 6, 7 and 8 are collected and concentrated under reduced pressure and the base obtained is dried in a vacuum oven ( 40 C. Melting point on the Maquenne block ll 20 (c= 11 % methanol) Ultra-violet spectrum (in solution in ethanol) E 1 % at 232 m/a lcm. Chromatography on paper carried out under the conditions of Example II shows that this base contains a single constituent characterised by an Rf of 0 04. By further chromatography of the mixture of bases of combined fractions 1 and 2, in accordance with the method indicated in Example III, it is possible to obtain bases II and III in the pure state in the form of crystallised products.

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* GB785099 (A)

Description: GB785099 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Method and means to fasten driving lathes on conveyor clothes for harvestingand similar machines

Description of GB785099 (A)

COMPLET SPECIFICATION Method and means to Fasten Driving Lathes on Conveyor Clothes for Harvesting and Similar Machines I, PER OLOF PETTERSON, of Prastgaten 15, Norrkoping, Sweden, of Swedish nationality, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement :- THIS INVENTION relates to a device for use with stapling machines whereby it is possible to rapidly apply spaced apart transverse carrier ribs securely to conveyor belts for harvesting machines and the like. An important feature of the invention is that on either side of a supporting plate constituting an anvil which is mounted on an upright of the stapling machine of conventional construction, there is provided a channel-like member extending from the supporting plate and having a somewhat greater length and width than the longest carrier ribs, there being provided in said channel like member a number of easily rotatable supporting rollers, having their upper edge level with the top surface of the supporting plate, and that adjacent each longitudinal side of said channel-like member there is provided a receptacle having a length somewhat greater than the maximum width of the belt and so dimensioned as to receive a rolled-up belt, the upper edges of both receptacles being situated somewhat below the upper edge of the channel-like member, said receptacles being inter-connected to each other by bent transverse connecting pieces and being provided with wheels adapted to run on rails parallel to the channellike member. The arrangement is such that the receptacles can be moved by hand past the stapling machine and the rolled-up belt, accommodated in one of said receptacles, being unrolled therefrom, and drawn over the channel-like member can be moved on moving the receptacles, together with a carrier rib below the stapling head of the machine, so as to enable a staple driving operation to be performed thus uniting the belt to the rib, the belt with the ribs united thereto being rolled-up

in the other receptacle. With the above in view the present invention consists in a method of securing ribs to a belt comprising the steps of: placing a rib into stapling position across a width of belt at a stapling station, subjecting one end of the rib and an adjoining selvage end of the belt to the operation of a stapler head and displacing said width of belt and associated rib in a direction to bring the opposite end thereof past the stapling station so that other portions of said width including the opposite end of the rib and the adjoining selvage end of the belt will be brought into the stapling position for operation of the stapler head. The invention also consists in that in a stapling machine for securing ribs in spaced relationship to conveyor belts, the combination of a stapler head for applying staples to said ribs and belt, a channel member having means for supporting the belt for movement thereover and for receiving a supply of ribs thereon and having a space over which the stapler head is to operate, an anvil disposed in said space, a receptacle arranged on each of the two opposite sides of the channel member and having wheels therebelow, a rail mounted on opposite sides of the channel member on which the wheels of said receptacle move thereon, one of said receptacles receives the belt in rolled up form therein so that it can be unrolled in predetermined lengths therefrom and be fed to said space whilst the other of said receptacles is arranged to receive the stapled belt so that on its withdrawal from said space it can be rolled-up therein, said receptacles having transversely disposed therebetween a member at opposite ends of which said receptacles are connected together so as to move as a unit from one end position on the rails to the other end position on the same and thereby to allow a width of the belt and an individual rib to be stapled together in said space from one of their associated extremities to the other of their associated extremities. The invention is made clearer from the following description of the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows an embodiment thereof viewed from a front elevation and Figure 2 shows the same as seen from a side view. In the preferred embodiment of the device shown, there is shown a stapling machine 1 with a stapling head 2 and a grooved supporting plate 3a constituting the anvil which is provided on one of the uprights 3 of a common base 4, there being provided a channel-like member 5 extending on either side of the supporting plate 3a and recessed at its bottom to receive the latter, said channel-like member having a somewhat greater width and length than the carrier ribs 11 which are taken one by one from a stack at the side of the machine, and which ribs are to be united to the conveyor belt.

A number of rollers 6 intended to support the ribs are rotatably mounted in said channel-like member 5 in such a manner that their upper edge lies level with the supporting plate 3a as shown in Figure 1. Adjacent each longitudinal sides of said channel-like member 5 is mounted a receptacle 7 having a somewhat greater length than the maximum width of the belt. The upper edges of the receptacles 7 are somewhat below the upper edge of the channel-like member 5. The receptacles 7 are interconnected to each other by bent, transverse connecting pieces 8 overhanding the channel-like member 5. The receptacles 7 are provided below with wheels 9 adapted to run on rails 10 parallel to the channel-like member 5 and supported on the base 4. The receptacles 7 are dimensioned to accommodate the belt in a rolled-up form. Figure 2 shows the right-hand receptacle from which as indicated in dotted lines the unrolled belt, after stapling, is rolled-up in the left-hand receptacle. The device is used in the following manner: A rolled-up conveyor belt is placed in the-right-hand receptacle 7, Figure 2, situated in front of the channel-like member 5 and the receptacles 7 then drawn by hand towards one of the end positions. At each stapling operation a carrier rib is placed in the channel-like member 5 resting on roller 6 in front of the receptacle 7 and the belt unrolled from its right-hand receptacle and drawn over said channel-like member with the rib at the place in which the latter is to be secured to the belt. The stapling machine is thereupon started and the receptacles 7 are then moved by hand towards their other end position the carrier rib also moving over the grooved supporting plate 3a and it will be understood that during a staple driving operation the ends of the staple will be turned up towards the belt by the grooved supporting plate thereby uniting the rib and belt together. The belt is afterwards drawn forward to the place for the next rib to be secured thereto and is rolled-up in the left-hand receptacle, a fresh rib is brought under the belt resting on the roller 6 in the channel-like member 5 and the procedure is repeated until the belt is finished. It has been found expedient to mount the stapling head 2 and plate 3a so that the staples are secured in a skew-like position in the ribs and belt, preferably with a deviation of about 15 from the longitudinal direction of the ribs. This reduces the risk of the staples splitting the wood of the ribs and moreover the stress on the belt is diminished. Although only one embodiment has been shown and described in the foregoing, a large number or other embodiments could be conceived without departing from the scope of the invention. What I claim is : 1. The method of securing ribs to a belt comprising the steps of :

placing a rib into stapling position across a width of belt at a stapling station, subjecting one end of the rib and an adjoining selvage end of the belt to the operation of a stapler head and displacing said width of belt and associated rib in a direction to bring the opposite end thereof past the stapling station so that other portions of said width including the opposite end of the rib and the adjoining selvage end of the belt will be brought into the stapling position for operation of the stapler head.


* GB785100 (A)

Description: GB785100 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Production of unsaturated aliphatic esters




COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Production of Unsaturated Aliphatic Esters We CELANESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, of 18, Madison Avenue, New York 16, New York, United States of America, a Company incorporated in accordance with the Laws of

the State of Delaware,'United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement :- This invention relates to the production of esters of ass-ethylenically unsaturated mono carboxylic acids, especially alkyl acrylates and methacrylates. According te the invention, esters of unsub stituted a,-unsaturated aliphatic monocar boxylic acids are made by the reaction in the vapour phase and at an elevated temperature .offormaldehydeand an ester of an-unsubstituted saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having arleast two hydrogen atoms attached =to the same-carbon atom as the carboxyl group. In particular, formaldehyde is. caused to react. with a lower alkyl ester of a saturated lower aliphatic acid (i. e.,- an ester of a satu rated aliphatic acid with an alcohol, neither of which contains more than four carbon atoms in the molecule) to give the corresponding lower allryl ester of acrylic acid or of an alkyl substituted acrylic acid. Preferably the reaction is carried out in the presence of a fuidised solid material which is a catalyst for condensation rections involving formaldehyde and a compound containing hydrogen atoms activated by the proximity of an electron attraction group and which is maintained at an elevated temperature. Examples of esters which may be employed as reactants in the process of the invention are methyl'acetate, methyl propionate, and esters of other alcohols and fatty acids having at least two carbon atoms in the molecule, such as ethyl, propyl and butyl acetates and propionates. While the best results are obtained with acetates and propionates (giving acrylates and methacryilates respectively), esters of other acids may-be used ; thus methyl or another alkyl butyrate may be caused to react with formaldehyde to give the corresponding alllyl ethacrylate. It is preferred that the reactants should not contain more than 10% of water, based on the

weight of the formaldehyde. Advantageously, therefore, the formaldehyde is either anhyd rous or of low water content only. One con venient source of formaldehyde is the solu tion produced by dissolving paraformalde hyde containing 5-10%'of water in metha nol or another lower aliphatic alcohol, e. g., butanol. On the other hand the formaldehyde may be supplied in the form of the monomeric vapour produced by heating tri oxane or another formaldehyde-yielding com pound. Other useful sources of formalde hyde include paxaformaldehyde and methylal. The ratio of the formaldehyde to the ester in the reaction mixture may be varied over a wide range, but is preferably between about 0. 3 and 3 moles of formaldehyde for each mole of ester. The catalysts preferably employed in carrying out the invention are basic metal com pounds such as basic reacting salts or oxides of metals. Examples of suitable catalysts are-manganese oxides, sodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, zinc oxide, lead oxide, sodium hydroxide, manganese acetate and lead acetate ; when acetates are used they probably decompose to the corresponding oxide in the initial stages of the reaction. Advantageously the catalyst is deposited on a suitable carrier such as activated alumina or activated silica. While the catalyst is preferably in a finely divided fluidised form, the size of the particles being advantageously in the range of about 60-200 mesh (U. S. Standard), a fixed bed of catalyst may be employed. The reaction is preferably effected at a tem perature of about 250 40 C., the best results usually being obtained at temperatures of about 340 370 C. The pressure may be atmospheric, subatmospheric or super atmospheric. The esters of ethylenically unsaturated acids obtained by the process of the invention may be recovered from the-products-of the reaction in any suitable

manner ; for example the hot vaporous reaction products may be condensed by cooling and the condensate fractionally distilled. The following examples illustrate the -invention further. Unless otherwise stated all"parts"and proportions are by weight. R FZAMPLE I A mixture of 37 parts of methyl acetate and 100 parts of a solution made by dissolving paraformaldehyde in methanol and contain ing 46% of formaldehyde, 44%-of methanol- and 10% of water was vapourised~ continuously by feeding a stream of the mixture -to a heated flasher, and the r. esulting vapours were passed continuously through a fluidised catalyst bed maintained at a temperature of 380~-400~ C. The catalyst was composed of particles of activated silica gel of size 80-200 mesh, carrying on their surface 10% (on the -total weight of the catalyst particles) of man ganese oxides, calculated as MnO2. The cata lyst bed was maintained in the fluidised state -merely by the action of the stream of vapours. The contact time between the vapour mixture and the catalyst was 4 seconds. The vapours leaving thebedofcatalystwereliquened by passing them into a cooled condenser, and methyl acrylate was recovered from the condensate by distillation. The entire process was -carried out at atmospheric pressure. The catalyst was made by mixing the silica gel particles with just enough of an aqueous solution of manganous acetate to wet the silica gel completely, allowing the mixture to stand for 1 hour, drying it oevrnight in an oven at 85 100 C. and afterwards heating the dry -particles in. the Nuidised state in a stream of -air at a temperature of 350 C. for 1 hour. EXAMPLE II Example I was repeated except that the 37 parts of methyl acetate were replace by 44 parts of methyl propionate.-Methyl methacrylate was recovered from the condensat by distillation. EXAMPLE III

Example I was repeated except that the mix ture fed to the-flasher was-made up of 80 parts of trioxane dissolved in 88 parts of methyl propionate and the temperature of the catalyst was maintained at 350 -360 . Methyl meth acrylate and a compound identified by mass spectrographic analysis as ?-methacrolein were recovered from the reaction; products. EXAMPLE IV Example-III-was repeated except that the amount of trioxane was 30 parts instead of 80, and the catalyst was lead oxide deposited on activated silica gel. This catalyst was prepared in the same way as that in Example I, except that lead acetate was substituted for the man ganous acetate. Methyl methacrylate and a compound identifie by mass spectrographic analysis. as a-methacrolein were recovered from the reaction products. What we claim is :- 1. The manufacture of esters of unsubstituted a ss-unsaturated aliphatic monocar boxylic acids by the reaction in the vapour phase and at an elevated temperature of form aldehyde and an ester of an unsubstituted saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having at least 2-hydrogen atoms attached to the same carbon atom as the carboxyl group. 2. The manufacture of lower alkyl esters of unsubstituted , (3-unsaturated lower aliphatic monocarboxylic acids by the reaction in the vapour phase and at an elevated temperature of formaldehyde and a lower alkyl ester of an unsubstituted saturated lower aliphatic mono carboxylic acid having at least 2 hydrogen atoms attached to the same carbon atom as the carboxyl group. ~ ~- 3. Process for the manufacture of esters of -unsubstituted a,-unsaturated aliphaue monocarboxylic acids, which comprises bringing a mixture of the vapours of formaldehyde and of an ester of an unsubstituted saturated aliphatic jnonocarboxylic add having at least 2 hydrogen atoms attached to the same carbon

atom as the carboxyl group into contact with a solid material which is a catalyst for con 'densation reactions involving formaldehyde -and a compound containing hydrogen atoms activated by the proximity of an electron attracting group maintained at an elevated temperature.


* GB785101 (A)

Description: GB785101 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Improvements in the production of green trisazo dyestuffs




F, I c::;ar So,-k_. PATENT SPECIFICATION - - 785,101 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Jan 10, 1956. No 787/56. Application made in Germany on Feb I, 1955. Complete Specification Published: Oct 23, 1957.

Index at acceptance:-Class 2 ( 4), P 3 E. Index at acceptance:ication:-C 09 b. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in the Production of Green Trisazo Dyestuffs We, BADISCHE ANILIN & SODA-FABRIK AKTIENGESELLSHAFT, a Joint Stock Company organised under the laws of Germany, of Ludwigshafen/Rhein, Germany, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- We have found that new, valuable, green trisazo dyestuffs are obtained when tetrazotised 4.41-diaminodiphenyl sulphide is first coupled in a weakly acid medium with one molecule of 1 amino-8-hydroxynaphthalene-3 6-disulphonic acid land then allowing to act on the resultant product in a weakly alkaline medium one molecule of diazotised 4-nitroaniline and then after this has been used up, one molecule of a phenol or a 1 3-dihydroxy compound of the benzene series. Suitable phenols or 1 3-dihydroxy compounds of the benzene series are for example phenol itself, the cresols and xylenols, resorcinol and 4-methyl-1 3-dihydroxybenzene. The resultant green trisazo dyestuffs of the general formula NN. OVA N = 4 S -Q r' N= " " 035 SO bo in which A represents the radical of the phenol or the 1 3-dihydroxybenzene used, are suitable in particular for dyeing leather They are distinguished by clear shades of colour and good fastness, especially fastness to abrasion, and do not show any tendency ito bronze, The following Example will further illustrate this invention but the invention is not restricted to this Example The parts are parts by weight. EXAMPLE. 22.2 parts of 4 41-diaminodiphenyl sulphide are dissolved in 100 parts of water and 52 parts of 1 ON hydrochloric acid and tetrazotised in the usual way with a solution of 14 3 parts of sodium nitrite Any slight excess of nitrite is removed after 30 minutes stirring by the addition of a small amount of aminosulphonic acid. Then, while stirring, there is allowed to flow into the tetrazo solution containing excess hydrochloric acid a solution of 33 6 parts of 1 amino 8 hydroxynaphthalene-3 6-disulphonic acid in 300 parts of water which has been adjusted with sodium carbonate to the p H-value 6 5 and a further 5 3 parts of anlPrice hydrous sodium carbonate are added The whole mixture which is still weakly acid is stirred for another 12 hours It is then cooled to 5 C and a diazo solution prepared in the usual way from 13 8 parts of 4-nitroaniline and then sodium oarbonate sufficient to make the whole mixture weakly alkaline corresponding to the Brilliant Yellow indicator (about 31 parts) are stirred in When, after about 30 minutes, all the para-nitrobenzene

diazonium chloride has been used up, there is added a solution of 11 parts of 1 3-dihydroxybenzene and another 16 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate in 100 parts of water and the whole is stirred for 12 hours at room temperature, then for another 2 hours at 40 C The dyestuff is salted out with 200 parts of sodium chloride, filtered off by suction, washed with half-saturated sodium chloride solution and dried at 70 C. The dyestuff thus obtained is a dark powder which dissolves in water with a green colour and dyes leather full green shades. By using 9 4 parts of phenol for the last coupling instead of 11 parts of 1 3-dihydroxybenzene, a somewhat bluer dyestuff is obtained. By using 10 8 parts of 4-methylphenol, the prij, JAI >, F/ shade is displaced still further towards blue without the other properties being deleteriously changed. Specification No 763,064 dyestuffs which correspond formula claims polyazoto the general H ON H H o H tiz NH v= N < N a t e N -N O a 4 in which R, and R, represent aromatic radicals, X represents the diphenyl bond, -CH= CH-, -NH-CO-NH-, -O-, -0, -S-, -NH or -CONH Y represents hydrogen or a sulphonic acid group, and Z represents hydrogen or the residue -N= N-RP, and in which the phenyl radicals a may contain substituents -


* GB785102 (A)

Description: GB785102 (A) ? 1957-10-23

Improvements in card feeding devices for record card machines

Description of GB785102 (A)

A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available amongst the following family members:

DE1012767 (B) FR1149189 (A) US2913242 (A) DE1012767 (B) FR1149189 (A) US2913242 (A) less Translate this text into Tooltip



PATENT SPECIFICATION ., ' m m f Date of Application and filing Complete 2 k t r Specification: January 18, 1956 h Application made in Germany on February 17, 1955 Complete Specification Published: October 23, 1957 Index at acceptance:-Classes 31 ( 2), C( 3 Al:3 Dl:6 G 6:6 G 7); and 106 ( 1), M( 2 B:2 G:ll A). International Classification:-G 06 k. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in Card Feeding Devices for Record Card Machines I, MICHAEL MAUL, of 88 Penzendorferstrasse, ( 13 a) Schwabach near Nuernberg, Germany, Citizen of Germany, do hereby declare the invention for which I pray that a patent may be granted t o me, 'and the method by which it is to be performed, t& be particularly described in and by the fol 16 wing statement:- In record card machines, such as in punching machines for' perforated record card verifying machines, there are known feeding devices for feeding the cards, which devices shift the cards step by step by means of a card support In punching machines the card movement is for instance, effected past the punches and in card verifying machines past the analyzing means analyzing the holes for the purpose of verification. In simpler machines of this type it is customary manually to insert the card in the machine at the terminal position of the card support and to shift the card by means of the card support from the terminal position to the start position for perforating or verifying In connection with the column by column perforation or verification the stepwise feed-of the card is then effected from the starting position to the terminal position of the card support, In order to increase the efficiency it is, however, also known to provide in machines of the before mentioned type a supply magazine for the cards to be fed to the machine and to remove the cards one after the other from the supply

magazine and to shift them by means of the card support card field by card field from the starting position to the terminal position Usually a field comprises a card column and shifting is preferably effected column by column in a stepwise manner In the known devices the card removal from the card supply magazine is effected by a separate card supelv mechanism, in most instances by a. lPrice 3 s64 l separate supply support which is operatively connected to the card support proper for the step-by-step-feeding of the card in such a manner that both supports exercise an opposite movement Consequently, upon 5 ( O back movement of the card support from its terminal position to the start position the supply support feeds another card to the card support. According to the present invention a 55 feeding device for cards, in punching or card verifying machines in which the cards are fed automatically one at a time to the card support and in which the card is ready in a start position for punching or verifying and 60 from which start position the card is fed by said support, preferably step by step, through the punching or verifying mechanism to a terminal position is characterized in that upon its return 65 movement the card support is carried beyond the start position so that it can displace the lower-most card in the magazine and then automatically advanced to the start position with that card held on 70 it by a gripping device. In a particularly preferred embodiment, as the card support returns beyond its start position a card'gripping knife displaces the lower-most card partly out of the supply 75 magazine opposite to the stepwise feeding direction of the card and when the support later advances to the start position the rear end of the card is engaged by a gripper provided on the end of the card support 80 Preferably, in this embodiment the cards rest in the supply magazine on marginal bars which hold the lowermost card of the stack somewhat above the card bed so that the gripper may pass under the lowermost 85 card without engaging the latter However, in order to permit engagement of the lowermost card which is arranged higher than the card bed, the card gripper knife is provided on the card support movably in' vertical 90 85,102 No 1747/56 c =-, ' W 1 __) ' -I' A j-i 785,102 direction in such a way that upon entering into the supply magazine it will rise above the card resting surface of the marginal bars for the thickness of one card, but upon movement out of the supply magazine the knife is lowered so far that it only extends above the card bed for the thickness of one card In this embodiment preferably a rockable mounting of the knife on the card support is provided as well as the particular construction of the gripper as a gripper finger which is opened in the inserting position for the card and which automatically closes upon movement of the card a S support to the start position.

In machines of the indicated type it is known to feed the card support against the influence of a retracting spring step by step -from the start position to the terminal position -so that upon release of the support in the terminal position it is automatically returned to the start position by the retracting spring An essential feature of the preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that upon return movement of the support beyond the start position, due to the kinetic energy imparted to the card support by the retracting spring, the support is brought -in operaive connection with a :30 braking spring, which is tensioned by the kinetic energy remaining in the support and which, due to its release following immediately thereafter, feeds the -card support to the start position Preferably, the retracting spring as well as the braking spring which are tensioned in opposite directions, are mounted on a common -bearing bolt through which the pretensions may be adjusted by turning and arresting the bolt in such a manner that the pretension of the other spring is reduced. The embodiment described hereafter also provides means by which in the terminal position of the card the latter is disengaged from the card knife and removed from the card gripper in such a manner that upon return of the card support to its start position the card is left on the card bed and may be easily removed by hand or may be moved into a card receiver by the card knife during the stepwise feeding while the next card is operated upon. In the inventive machine it is also possible to eliminate the automatic supply I 55 of cards This may be desirable if for instance a card shall be again shifted to the start position An instance happening very frequently in practice occurs in the case of the perforation or the verification of so called multi-deck cards i e, cards in which a plurality of rows of perforation columns is arranged one above the other. Upon operation on each deck the card must be shifted anew to the start position. Upon return of the card support together with the card to the start position for operating on the next deck, however, a supply of another card is not to take place. This is obtained in that a braking device prevents the return of the card support 7 G beyond its start position when the release key for " card return " is depressed At the same time also the device is held inoperative which draws the cards from the gripper of the card support 75 A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In this instance it has been assumed that a perforating machine for hole combinations is concerned adapted to punch double deck 80 cards By means of translator bars in a known manner each key actuation is

translated into a combination of controlling impulses for punch selector magnets, which in turn move bars between the punching 85 yoke and the punches which latter are depressed by the punching yoke. The invention may also be applied to verifying machines since in this instance instead of the punches only analyzing pins 90 or contact balls analyzing the holes are used in a manner well known in verifying machines for column by column verification. In these drawings:Fig 1 shows a longitudinal section 95 through the machine according to line 1-1 of Fig 2. Fig 2 shows a cross section through the machine according to line 2-2 of Fig 1. Fig 3 shows a portion of the rear view of 100 the machine together with the drive for the card support. Fig 4 shows part of a longitudinal section through the machine from which section particularly the retaining device for deposit 105 ing the cards may be seen. Fig 5 shows part of a longitudinal section through the machine according to the sectional line 5-5 of Fig 6, from which particularly the device for removing the 110 cards' from the supply magazine may be seen. Fig 6 shows a cross section through the machine according to the sectional line 6-6 of Fig 5 115 Fig 7 shows the arrangement of the springs for the card support according to the sectional line 7-7 of Fig 8. Fig 8 shows the section through the support feed springs according to line 8-8 120 of Fig 7. Fig 9 shows a portion of the key board of the machine. Fig 10 shows the arrangement of the controlling keys according to the sectional 125 line 10-10 of Fig 9. Fig 11 shows the arrangement of the deck shifting -key according to sectional line 11-11 of Fig 9. Fig 12 shows the spring diagram of the 130 Y 785,102 support feed springs. Fig 13 shows the portion of a card as used in the illustrated machine. Fig 14 shows the wiring diagram of the machine. Before referring to details the operation of the machine shall be briefly described: In the machine cards having two decks are punched A portion of a card used in the machine is shown in Fig 13 Each perforation column comprises six hole positions The two decks are fed in two runs column-by-column from the right to the left (Fig 1) past the punches and are then punched Normally at first the upper deck is punched, subsequently the card is returned to the right and then the lower deck is punched The perforation is effected in hole-combinations for

numerals and characters At the start of the operation the cards 11 (Fig 1) are deposited into the magazine 12 and after punching they are deposited by the machine in the pocket 15 Removal of the card from the supply magazine 12, the stepwise feeding past the punches as well as deposition is effected by the card support 13 At the beginning of the operation the support is in the left terminal position (Fig. 1) In this position the last column of a completely punched card is under the punches. By depression of the carriage return key the support movement to the right is released so that the latter may run under the supply magazine 12 and will draw another card therefrom The previously punched card, however, is retained in the left terminal position and cannot follow the -40 return movement of the card support. Immediately after this operation, when the card support has removed a card from the supply magazine 12, it slides to the left into the start position for punching In this position the first column of the punched card is one step ahead of the punches. Upon depression of the character keys now the card support is shifted in steps together with the card, past the punches, -so each stepwise movement to position a column of the card under the punches being effected prior to the actuation of the punches corresponding to the depressed character key During this step by step :55 shifting the card support pushes forward the previously punched card into the card receiver 15 The upper deck having been completely punched, the card is returned to the start position for punching in order to -60 permit perforation of the lower deck For this purpose a second return key is depressed controlling the machine in such a manner that the card is returned to the right on the card support Upon depression -65 of this second return key the card support may run only to the right start position, but not under the supply magazine 12 for drawing another card The card having arrived in its start position, is again fed to the left step by step past the punches for 70 the perforation of the lower deck. After the perforation of the card has been completed, the other return key is depressed which controls the card change. Simultaneously with the depression of the 75 corresponding return key also the corresponding deck selection key is depressed setting the machine for perforation of the appropriate deck. In detail the above mentioned embodi 80 F ment is constructed as follows: The drive for the card support is effected through the toothed wheel 16 seated on the shaft 17 by a step by step shifting mechanism -which will be described further 85 below. Punching as well as step by step shifting of the card support 13 is

effected by depression of a character key 18 (Fig 2). By the depression of a character key 18 the 90 associated key lever 20 is urged in a known manner towards the inclination of teeth 21 pertaining to the translator bars 19 (Figs 1 and 2) and the selected bars are moved to the left Teeth are provided in a known 95 manner on the translator bars 19, corresponding to the hole combinations of the applied key The displaced translator bars act upon their associated contacts u which close the current circuits to the selector 10 T magnets Wo and Wu, respectively-(Fig 14). In this instance, the selector magnets Wo serve for the upper deck and the selector magnets Wu for the lower deck Deck selection takes place by the shift contact d 105(Figs 11 and 14), upon which act the deck selection keys 42 and 43 which will be again referred to later on. In a further specification it shall be assumed that the upper deck is selected for fifi perforation and that consequently upon closure of the contacts u the associated selector magnets Wo are energized The selector magnets Wo attract their armatures 23 which are rocked in counter-clockwise 115 direction (Fig 1) Thus the lower ends of the armatures displace the translator bars 24 to the right (Fig 1) so that the full depth of the selector bars arrives between the punching yoke 25 and the punches 120 By depressing of the key 18, also by means of the key lever 20 a common bar 26 (Fig 2) is urged downwardly which common bar in turn acts upon a contact g. The contact g closes the current circuit to 125 the feed magnet T (Fig 14) which is energized and attracts the lever 27 (Fig 3) on which is mounted the pawl 28 tending to move to the left under spring action The pawl 28 engages the teeth of the ratchet 130 : 3 785,102 pawl 29 and rotates the latter in clockwise direction until the pawl 28 engages the stop 32 During this rotative movement the detent pawl engages behind the next tooth. -3 The lever 27 acts also upon the contact' t which closes the current circuit to the punching yoke St (Fig 14) The punching magnet attracts the lever 33 and rocks the latter in counter-clockwise direction (Fig. -p 3) On the lever 33 is fastened the punching yoke 25 which due to its rocking movement directed downwardly engages the displaced selector bars 24 (Fig I) and through the latter presses on the associated punches 14. t -When the character key is released the translator bars 19 as well as the common bar 26 return to their start position under : the influence of the associated contact springs of the contacts u and g and the contacts u and g open the current circuits to the selector magnets Wo and to the feed magnet T The armatures of the energized selector magnets Wo are deenergized and the selector bars 24 are returned to their start positipn by springs not illustrated.

The lever 27 (Fig 3) and therewith the pawl 28 are drawn upwardly by the spring 34, so that the pawl 28 becomes disengaged from the teeth of the ratchet wheel 29 by the stop 3940 Due to the clockwise rocking movement of pthe lever 27 also the contact t opens, thus interrupting the current circuit to the punching magnet St so that the -armature 33 is deenergized and is rocked in clockwise direction by the spring 36 Thus the punching yoke 25 assumes again its start position By means of the leaf springs (Fig 1) the punches 14 are removed from the card Simultaneously with the step by step displacement of the card support by means of the ratchet wheel 29 the spiral spring 41 (Figs 7 and 8) is tensioned through the gear 37, the gear 38 and the gear 39 The cooperation of the spring 41 and the step by step shifting will be described in detail later on The perforation of the upper deck of the card being completed, the card support together= with the card may be returned to the start position for punching of the lower deck Besides returning the card to the start position it is also possible to feed the card after punching of one deck to the card receiver: Normally the operation will be such, that after removal of the card from the supply magazine the upper deck is punched, subsequently-the card is returned to the 0 o start position and that then the lower deck is punched After perforation of the lower deck deposition of the card into the receiver 15 takes place In accordance with tjis -manger of operation -the controlling i 5 keys for-the return movement of the card support are arranged in a way avoiding as far as possible mistakes in the operation by the operator The arrangement of the controlling keys may be seen from Fig 9. By depression of the key 42 the upper deck 70 is selected for perforation and by depression of the key 43 the lower deck is selected, as already mentioned above Adjacent to the key 42 the key 44 is arranged which controls the card feed in such a manner 75 that the card just perforated is further fed to the card receiver 15 without perforating the lower deck and -the card support removes another card from the supply magazine 12 Adjacent to the key 43 for 80) the lower deck is arranged the key 45 which controls the card feed in such a way that the card just punched is again returned to the start position for punching and that now the blank lower deck of the same card may 8-5 be punched Upon depression of the key 42 for the upper deck, therefore, at the same time the key 44 for the card change may be depressed, while upon depressing of the key 43 for the lower deck simultaneously 90 ' the key 45 for returning of the card just punched may be actuated This is possible as will later be described in connection with Fig 3, due to the fact that the pin 57 hindering the card movement is under 95control of the key 44 but not under control of key 45. The two deck keys 42 and 43 are in such an operative connection with

regard to each other, that only one of the two decks may 10 o be selected The two deck keys 42 and 43 (Fig 11 J are linked to a lever 46 permitting at a time only depression of the key 42 or depression of the key 43 The right hand end of the lever 46 acts upon a detent 103spring 70 an d therewith arrests the deck keys in the respective selected position The left hand end of the lever 46 acts upon the shift contact d which closes the current circuit either to the selector magnet Wo or to 110 ' Wu, as has already been described. As described above, the key 44 is to be depressed to deposit the card just punched and to move another card to the start position By depression of the key 44 the 115 associated lever 48 (Fig 10) is rocked in clockwise direction about the pivot 80 The left hand end of the lever 48 acts upon the lever 49, however, cannot engage the shorter lever 93, and rocks, the lever 49 in counter 120 ' clockwise direction about its pivot 50 (Fig. 3) Through the axis 60 the bell-crank lever 53 (Figs 3 and 4) is linked at the right hand end of the lever 49 by means of the link 51, so that the lever 53 may be rocked in clock 125: wise direction in which instancethe axis 60 will also move upwardly (Figs 3 and 4) By means of the link 54 the bell crank lever 55 is jointly connected to the bell crank lever 53 _ and is consequently rocked in clockwise 130 Vf 785,102 direction By rocking of the lever 53 the pin 56 and by rocking of the bell crank lever 55 the pin 57 is moved upwardly The pin 56 lifts the card 11, so that the latter becomes disengaged from the holding knife 58 of the card support 13 The pin 57 prevents movement of the card 11 to the right (Fig 4) so that the latter is drawn from the gripper 78 and hela in the predetermined position upon return movement of the card support 13. On the left hand end of the lever 49 (Fig. 3) rocking in counter-clockwise direction, i upon depression of the key 44, there is latched a bar 62 which draws the pawl 31 from the teeth of the ratchet wheel 29 and thereby eliminates the locking of the card support By means of the tensioned support spring 41 the card support 13 is then moved to the right (Fig 1) through gears 39, 38, 37, the shaft 17 and the gear 16 The spring 41 acts upon the card support long enough until the latter has reached the start position The operation of the spring will be referred to again later on When the card support has reached the start position, a certain amount of kinetic energy has been imparted which causes the card support to run beyond this position under the supply magazine 12 The card support is also acted upon by a spring 63 (Fig 8) through the gears 16, 37, 38 and 39, however, in such a way that it is then permitted to return completely under the supply magazine and to grip another card. The two springs 41 and 63 are comprised in a constructional unit in

order to permit an easy balancing of the two springs with regard to each other The spring 41 is provided in the spring casing 64 and the spring 63 in a casing 65 (Figs 7 and 8). Each of the two spring casings 64 and 65, as well as the gear 39 is rotatably mounted on the bolt 66 There is a slot 67 in the bolt 66 to which slot the springs 41 and 63 are latched In this instance the spring 41 is tensioned in clockwise direction and the spring 64 in counter-clockwise direction (Fig 7) On the spring casing 64 there are provided the two pins 68 and 69 The pin 68 is urged by the spring 41 against the stop 71 fast to the machine frame thus permitting un-tensioning only to a certain degree The pin 69 acts upon the pin 72 fast to the gear 39 If the gear 39 is rotated in clockwise direction it takes with it the spring casing 64 through the pins 72 and 69 and the spring 41 is thereby tensioned. The spring casing 65 is provided with the pins 73 and 74 The pin 73 acts also upon the stop 71 and the pin 74 upon the pin 7, of the gear 39 If the gear 39 is rotated ii counter-clockwise direction it takes with i the sprin 2 casino 64 through the pins 72 an 74 and thereby tensions the spring 63. When upon pnnching the card support 13 is fed step by step to the left (Fig 1), the gear 39 is rotated in clockwise direction (Fig 7) through the gears 16, the shaft 17 and the gears 37 and 38, and therewith the 70 spring 41 is tensioned, as has already been mentioned above Punching of the 'card having been completed, the release key 44 is depressed, thereby eliminating locking of the ratchet wheel 29, the spring 41 may 75 relax and the gear 39 may rotate in counterclockwise direction At the same time the card support 13 moves to the right (Fig 1). The spring 41 relaxes only so far until the pin 68 engages the stop 71 (Fig 7) At this 80 moment the card support 13 has reached the start position for punching The energy of the support 13 and of the gears operatively connected therewith up to the gear 39, however, tend, due to the kinetic 85 energy stored in the same, to rotate further on the gear 39 in counter-clockwise direction The pin 72 on the gear 39 engages the pin 74 of the spring casing 65 and starts rotating the latter also in cpunter-clockwise 90 direction so that the spring 63 is tensioned. Consequently, the spring 63 picks up the kinetic energy and transforms the latter again into potential energy The spring 41 and the spring 63 are so dimensioned with 95 regard to each other, that the braking way of the spring 63 is sufficient to permit running of the card support 13 below the supply magazine 12 in order to draw another card from the supply magazine 100 The diagrams of the two springs with relation to the travel of the card support are shown in Fig 12 In the left hand

position of the card support the spring 41 is tensioned The potential energy available 105 for the spring 41 follows from the area 75 of the diagram If the card support is released, this potential energy is trans-. formed into kinetic energy reduced by the frictional loss of energy, the kinetic energy ii O is again picked up by the spring 63 and is transformed into potential energy This potential energy follows from the area 76 of the diagram in Fig 12 In order to obtain travelling of the card support for a distance 115 necessary for the removal of the card, the area 75 minus frictional loss of energy must be equal to the area 76 The pre-tension of the two springs as well as braking of the run of the card support due to friction must 120 be so proportioned with regard to each other, that the support will readily return from the position bevond the start position to the start position. For this reason the proper adjustment of 125 the two springs with regard to each other must be easily settable Such adjustment is t effected by loosening of the nut 77 (Fig 8) d and turning of the bolt 66 If the bolt 66 is rotated in counter clockwise direction (Fig 130, 11 7) the spring 41 is tensioned and the spring 63 relaxes This is necessary if the braking way of the card support is too short to permit gripping of another card from the supply magazine 12 If the bolt 66 is rotated in clockwise direction the spring 41 relaxes and the spring 63 is tensioned This is necessary if the braking way of the card support is too long. From Fig 12 and the foregoing -explanations will be seen that the retracting spring 41 and the braking spring 63 have the same dimensions, but that in the start position of the card support they have a different pretension due to the provision of the stops 68, 71, 73 in connection with the bolt 66. The card is engaged by the knife 58 and the gripper 78 of the card support 13 The gripper 78 runs past the cards 11 in the supply magazine 12 in order to permit engaging of the right hand end of the lowermost card (Fig 5) For this reason the cards 11 rest upon the bars 79 in the supply magazine 12 (Figs 5 & 6) somewhat above the card bed 83 When the card support arrives in the right hand terminal position (Fig 5)-below the supply magazine 12 the inclination 81 of the card knife 58 runs upon the pins 82 in the bed 83 (Fig 6). The knife 58 is rotatably mounted on the pin 84 and is rocked against: the spring action 85 in clockwise direction for such an extent that upon running to the right of the card support the knife engages the lowermost card in the supply magazine 12 and moves the latter card to the right (Fig 5). At the right hand end of the support there is provided the gripper 78 which is mounted on the pin 86 and the upper end of which gripper is

urged against the card support by means of spring 87 When the card support has reached its right hand terminal position, the lowermost end of the gripper engages the stop 88 and the gripper 78 rocks in clockwise direction so that its upper end is lifted from the card support. Thus an opening will be provided between the gripper and the card support in which the card is moved from the supply magazine by the knife 58 Immediately after this operation the card support 13 is again moved to the left (Figs 1 and 5) to the start position for punching Upon movement to the left the upper end of the gripper 78 is again rocked towards the card support 13 by means of spring 87 and engages the card which is then moved from the supply magazine to the start position for punching Guiding of the card =support 13 on the bed 83 is effected by the pins 89. When this card has reached the start position, the key 44 is released and drawn to its initial position by the spring 91 (Fig 10) The spring 92 (Fig 3) draws the detent pawl 31 into the teeth of the ratchet wheel 29 and herewith prevents a return movement of the ratchet wheel in the step by step shifting now following The 70lever 49 is rocked in clockwise direction through the bar 62 and the bell crank levers 53 and 55 are rocked in counter-clockwise direction through the links 51 and 54 (Fig. 4) so that the pins 56 and 57 are lowered in 75 the card path Simultaneously with the subsequent perforation of the next card the card knife 58 (Fig 1) pushes the previously punched card to the card receiver 15. If upon completion of punching the 80 upper deck the card is to be fed back to the start position for punching the lower deck the key 45 (Fig 10) is, as already mentioned above, depressed By depression of the key 45 the lever 94 is rocked in 85 counter-clockwise direction (Fig 3) The lever 94 acts upon the lever 93 (Fig 3) rockable around the bolt 50 and rocks said lever in counter-clockwise direction The lower end of the bar 62 is now not only 9 g latched-as already mentioned-to the lever 49 but also the left hand end of the lever 93 Consequently, the lever 93 draws through the bar 62 the detent pawl 31 from the teeth of the ratchet wheel 29 thus 95 releasing the movement of the card support to the right (Fig 1) Further, the lever 93 rocks through spring 95 the braking lever 96 in clockwise direction against the spring 97 and the left hand end (Fig 3) of the 100 braking lever 96 presses against the braking disk 98 The spring 95 is so dimensioned with regard to spring 97 that a certain braking power of the braking lever acts upon the braking disk 98 The braking 105 disk 98 is firmly connected to the idle gear 38 which is mounted on the bolt 99 By friction of the braking lever 96 the major part of the potential

energy of the spring 41 is eliminated so that the card support only 110 returns so far as the start position and does not therefore pass under the magazine The adjustment of the braking power is effected by corresponding tensioning of the spring 97 The braking power results from the 115 difference between the actions of the two springs 95 and 97 When the card support has reached the start position for punching and when the operator releases the key 45, the spring 97 draws the braking lever 96 to 120 the start position and the spring 92 draws the detent pawl again to locking position. Subsequently, punching of the second deck will take place The rectifiers r in the wiring diagram (Fig 125 14) serve the purpose of avoiding backcurrents which may lead to a wrong setting of the selector magnets Wo or Wu and consequently may cause an erroneous perforation 130 111 785,102 785 102


Date post:	14-Apr-2017
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