144
4IFG -TR84..~94 NTIA Reprt 84l140 Global-Maps of foF2 Derived From Observations and Theoretical values LV) *I S B4005.3
4IFG -TR84..~94 NTIA Reprt 84l140
Global-Maps of foF2 Derived FromObservations and Theoretical
valuesLV)
*I S
B4005.3
p -. - -. -
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11. TITLE (Include Security Claalicotion)Global Maps of foF2 61102F 2310 G9 01
T1fPri-vrPd frnrn ohornio~nc: Pnd ther~tm1i ynlii s...12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) ' ,1"
D. N. Anderson, C.M. Rush,' M. Pokemner, J. Perry, F.G. Stewart, .R.K. Reasoner CN13.. TYPE OF REPORT b. TIME COVERED 14. DATE OF REPORT (Yr., Mo., Day) 15. PAGE COUNT
Scientific ROM_ TO _ 1984 July 31 1321,. SUPPL&MENTAR'., NTPTIONo ;Keprine o U.S. Dept of Commerce, National Telecommunications I Information
Adm. NTIA Report 84-10 January 1984Inst o telecommtm.ncation Sc ences, aS Dent of Commerce. Boulder CO 2. DoD, Washington,
17. COSATI CODES 18. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on everse if necessary and Identify by block number)
FIELD GROUP SUB, GR. ionospheric maps, critical frequency, time-dependentcontinuity equation
19. ABSTRACT (Conlinue on reverse it necessary and identify by block numbor)
-. Observations of the F2-region critical frequency, foF2, and values determined from the7/ time-dependent contiuuity equation for ions and electrons in the ionosphere have been
used to develop a new set of numerical coefficients to represent the global variation offoF2. The coefficients developed in this study, like those in earlier investigations,permit monthly median hourly values of foF2 to be obtained at any location around the globefor any month of the year and solar activity level. The procedures undertaken to developthe new numerical coefficients are described in this report. Comparisons letween foF2determined using older sets of numerical coefficients and foF2 determined using the newset of coefficients are given along with a description of how well each set of coefficientsspecifies and predicts the observed variations in the F2-region critical frequency>.
20. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 21. ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
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22a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL 22b. TELEPHONE NUMBER 22c. OFFICE SYMBOL(Include A ma Code)
D.N. Anderson 617-861-3220 LIS
DD FORM 1473, 83 APR EDITION OF 1 JAN 73 IS OBSOLETE.; " SECURITY ttkJP •'#OF THIS PAG3E"'
NTIA Report 84-1400
Global Maps of foF2 Derived FromObservations and Theoretical Values
C. M. RushM. PoKempnerD. N. Anderson
J. PerryF. G. Stewart
NTIS GRA&I R. K. ReasonerDTIC TAB
By--Distribution/
Availabi'lity CodesjAvail and/or
Dist Special
A1.sOtt
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCEMalcolm Baidrige, Secretary
David J. Markey, Assistant Secretaryfor Communications and Information
January 1984
TABLE OF CONTENTS
* Page
LIST OF FIGURES v
LIST OF TABLES ix
A8STRACT1
1. INTRODUCTION1
2. DATA AND DATA SOURCES 3
3. THEORETICALLY DERIVED DATA 10
3.1 Neutral Atmosphere Model 113.2 Production and Loss Rate 113.3 Diffusion Coefficient 113.4 Neutral Wind Models 13.5 Geomagnetic Field Model 18
*3.6 Solution to the Full Continuity Equation. 18
4. MATHEMATICAL BASIS FOR THE GENERATION*OF THE foF2 COEFFICIENTS 20
* .5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 25
* **-6. CONCLUSIONS 49
7. REFERENCES 51
APPENDIX A, MERIDIONAL AND ZONAL WIND MODELS USED IN GENERATION* .OF NEW COEFFICIENTS 53
APPENDIX B: TABLES OF COEFFICIENTS TO REPRESENT THE G~LOBALVARIATION OF THE MEDIAN VALUE OF foF2 FOR EACH MONTHOF THE YEAR FOR TWO SOLAR EPOCHS 66
APPL14DIX C: CONTOUR TAB~LES OF THE GLOBAL REPRESENTATION OF T HEMEDIAN VALUE OF foF2 FOR SELECTED MONTHS ANDUNIVERSAL TIMES. 116
* p
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
Figure 1. Location of ionosonde stations providing data used 9 16in determination of foF2 coefficients. The opentriangles refer to those locations where 3 data"were used for both solar epochs. The closedcircles indicate the locations where A data wereused for at least one of the two solar epochs. -
Figure 2. Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for 14January 1976 and 1979.
Figure 3. Geometry illustrating the ionization drift re- 16sulting from the interaction of the zonal Vind andthe magnetic declination. In the figure, B is themagnetic field vector, the eastward and westwardwind vectors are shown, and the direction of theimparted drift velocity is indicated as a smallarrow parallel or antiparallel to B.
Figure 4. Magnetic declination for the 1975 geomagnetic field 17epoch.
Figure 5. Diurnal behavior of foF2 'uring September 1978 19deduced using the continuity equation with the same
* neutral wind model at three locations in thesouthern hemisphere having essentially the same dip"but different declinations.
Figure 6. Contour map of the global representation of the 26median value of foF2 for January 1976 at 1200 hrsUT derived from the new coefficients.
" Figure 7. Contour map of the global representation of the 28median value of foF2 for April 1976 at 1200 hrs UTderived from the new coefficients.
Figure 8. Contour map of the global representation of the 29
median value of foF2 for July 1975 at "*200 hrs UT"derived from the new coefficients.
Figure 9. Contour ,iap of the global representation of the 30median value of foF2 for October 1975 at 1200 hrsUT derived from the new coefficients.
Figurte 1). Contour map of the global representation of the 31vedian valte of fo'2 for Odnuary 1976 at 1200 hrsUT derive, from the CCIR coefficients.
Fi- r.t IA. Cor•r "ndp of Ln. rglobal representttiOn of themedian value -of foF2 for April 1976 at )2200 irs UTderived from the CCIR coefficients.
v
LIST OF FIGURES
"Page
Figure 12. Diurnal variation of the median value of foF2 35 Oduring March 1979 determined from the newcoefficienits and the CCIR coefficients for thenorthern middle, northern low, equatorial, southernlow, and southern middle latitudes at locationswith westward, eastward, and zero declinations. -
Figure 13. Diurnal variation of the median value of foF2 37during March 1976 determined from the newcoefficients and the CCIR coefficients for tnenorthern middle, northern low, equatorial, southernlow, and southern middle latitudes at locationswith westward, eastward, and zero declinations.
; Figure 14. Contour map of the global representation of the 39median value of foF2 derived from the new coeffi-cients for July, SSN = 15 (1975) for 0000 hrs UT.
Figure 15. Contour map of the global representation of the 40median value of foF2 derived from the riewcoeffic-ints for July, SSN = 55 for 0000 hrs UT.
Figure 16. Contour map of the global representation of the 41median value of foF2 derived from the new coeffi-cients for July, SSN = 95 (1978) for G000 hrs UT.
Figure 17. Longitudinal distribution of foF2 at 300, 400, and 48.50 south latitude for December 1978 at 1000 hrs
iVi
i °_
LIST OF FIGURES IN APPENDICES
Page
Figure A.1 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for 54January 1976 and 1979.
Figure A.2 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models forFebruary 1976 and 1979. -
Figure A.3 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for March 56 .
1976 and 1979.
Figure A.4 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for April 57
1976 and 1979.
Figure A.5 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for May 58 .
1976 and 1979.
Figure A.6 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for June 59
1976 and 1979.
Figure A.7 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for July 601975 and 1978.
Figure A.8 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for August 61
1975 and 1978.
Figure A.9 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for 62 .
September 1975 and 1978.
Figure A.10 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for 63
October 1975 and 1978.
Figure A.11 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for 64
November 1975 and 1978.
Figure A.12 Meridional and zonal neutral wind models for 65December 1975 and 1978.
Figure C.1 Contour map of the global representation of the 117 O
median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for Ja.nuary 1976 at 0600 hrs UT.
Figure C.2 Contour map of the global representation of the 118
median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for January 1976 at 1800 hrs UT.
Figure C.3 Contour map of the ulobal representation of the 119
median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for April 1976 at 1600 hrs UT.
vii
"LIST OF FIGURES IN APPENDICES
Page
Figure C.4 Contour map of the global representation of the 120median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for April 1976 at 1800 hrs UT.
Figure C.5 Contour map of the global representation of the 121median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for July 1975 at 0600 hrs UT.
Figure C.6 Contour map of the global representation of the 122median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for July 1975 at 1800 hrs UT.
Figure C.7 Contour map of the global representation of the 123 - -
median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for October 1975 at 0600 hrs UT.
Figure C.8 Contour map of the global representation of the 124median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for October 1975 at 1800 hrs UT.
Figure C.9 Contour map of the global representatior of the 125median value of foF2 derived from the new
Figuce C.1 coefficients for January 1979 at 0600 hrs UT.
Figure C.10 Contour map of the global representation of the 126median value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for January 1979 at 1800 hrs UT.
Figtre C.li Contour map of the global representation of the 1.27meaian value of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for April 1979 at 0600 hrs UT.
Figu. e C.2 Contour map of the global representation of the 128medidn value ov foF2 derived from the new-coeificients for April 1979 at 1300 hrs UT.
Figure C.13 Contour map of the global representation of the 129median value of foF2 derived frown the new ._coefficients for July 1978 at 0600 hrs UT.
Figure C.14 Contour -nap of the global representation of the 130median value of foF2 derived from the new,coefficients for July i978 at 1800 hrs UT.
Figure C.15 Contour -nap of the global representation of the 131median valise of foF2 derived from the newcoefficients for October 1978 at 3600 hrs UT.
Figure C. i6 Contotr map 'f the glohal representation of the 132.edian value of foF2_ deriveo frow the newcoefficients for October 197., at IlefO hrs UT.
viii
LIST OF TABLES
PageTable 1. Smoothed Observed Sunspot Numbers for July 1975 '9
Through June 1976 and July 1978 Through June 1979 4 -.
Table 2. Ionosonde Stations Providing Data Used in the"Detemination of foF2 Coefficients 5
Table 3. Rate of Ion Production, P(sec1) 12
Table 4. Set of Functions Chosen to Represent the GeographicVariation of the Fourier Coefficients 22
Table 5. RMS Errors (MHz) for the Fit to the Data Used toGenerate foF2 Coefficients 24
Table 6. Coordinates of Locations Used to IllustrateDifferences in foF2 Derived from the CCIR Coefficientsand the New Coefficients 34
Table 7. RMS Prediction Errors (MHZ) in foF2 for Freiburg 43.--10..
* -- Table 8. RMS Prediction Errors (MHZ) in foF2 at SelectedLocations for 1964 and 1969 Solar Activity Conditions 44
* .Table 9. RMS Prediction Errors (MHZ) in foF2 for the Locations"" Given for Each Month of 1970 46
ii
-. iX
LIST OF TABLES IN APPENDICES
Page
Table B.I Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 68the Median Value of foF2 for January 1976
Table B.2 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 70
the Median Value of foF2 for February 1976
Table B.3 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 72 -
the Median Value of foF2 for March 1976
Table B.4 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 74the Median Value of foF2 for April 1976
Table B.5 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 76the Median Value of foF2 for May 1976 -
Table B.6 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 78the Median Value of foF2 for June 1976
Table B.7 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 80the Median Value of foF2 for July 1975
Table B.8 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 82the Median Value of foF2 for August 1975
Table 8.9 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 84the Median Value of foF2 for September 1975
Table B.10 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 86the Median Value of foF2 for October 1975
Table B.11 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 88the Median Value of foF2 for November 1975
Table B.12 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 90the Median Value of foF2 for December '975
Table 8.13 Coefficietts to Represent the Global Variation of 92the Median Value of foF2 for January 1979
Table 8.14 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 94
the iMedian Value of foF2 for February 1979
Table 3.15 Coefficients to Represenit the Global Variation of 96the 'edian VaLoe of foF2 for March 1979
Table 1.16 Coefficients to Represent the qlooal Variation of 98
the fielian ValiJe of foF2 for April 1979
Table 6.17 Coefficients to Represent the G,5ohal Variation of 100the Median Value of fkF2 for Hay "979
X
LIST OF TABLES IN APPENDICES
Page
Table B.18 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 102the Median Value of foF2 for June 1979
- Table B.19 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 104the Median Value of foF2 for July 1978
Table B.20 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 106the Median Value of foF2 for August 1978 ,
Table B.21 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 108the Median Value of foF2 for September 1978
Table B.22 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 110
the Median Value of foF2 for October 1978 .
Table B.23 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 112the Median Value of foF2 fir November 1978
Table B.24 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of 114the Median Value of foF2 for December 1978
xi
ix
'I
GLOBAL MAPS OF foF2 DERIVED FRuMOBSERVATIONS AND THEORETICAL VALUES
Charles M. Rush1Margo PoKempner 2
David N. Anderson.
Jane Perry 1Frank G. Stewart
Rita Reasoner 1
Observations of the F2-region critical frequency, foF2, andvalues determined from the time-dependent continuity equation forions and electrons in the ionosphere have been used to develop anew set of numerical coefficients to represent the global vari-ation of foF2. The coefficients developed in this study, likethose in earlier investigations, permit monthly median hourlyvalues of foF2 to be obtained at any location around the globe for f#any month of the year and solar activity level. The procedures .undertaken to develop the new numerical coefficients are describedin this report. Comparisons between foF2 determined using oldersets of numerical coefficients and foF2 determined using the newset of coefficients are given along with a description of how welleach set of coefficients specifies and predicts the observed vari-ations in the F2-region critical frequency.
Key Words: ionospheric maps; critical freVjency, time-dependentcontinuity equation
1. INTRODUCTION
The F2 region of the ionosphere exhibits a profound influence upon the
performance of long distance HF propagation circuits and upnn radio signals
(HF and VHF) that propagate through the ionosphere. The structure of thE FQ -
region varies with time and spaci and imparts comparable variations upon the
radio signals that traverse it. The critical frequency of the F2 region,
foF2, is a fundatvntal parameter that is used in the specification and predic-
tion of the structure of the F2 region. Global maps of foF2 are used as the
)asis for various ionospheric models (Nisbet, 1971), HF propagation prediction
'The autthors are with the tnstitute for leiecmmunication Sciences, Natlonal All- .TeIeciumr-unicit ions and infor-nation Administration, U.S. Department of C*.-.erLre,Houller, Co.*T•The auht'or is a contractor to the Institute for Telecrmunication Sciences,Uo-jlder, CO.3The author is with the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory. ,ian5soc, AFe, 'K."4The author is with the Department of OWfense, Lashington, 11".
9---.
* .-. 'r .* . --... ,.....
methods (CCIR, 1982a; Teters et al., 1983), and transionospheric propagation
models (Bent et al., 1978). These maps (denoted hereafter as CCIR maps) are
generated from numerical coefficients obtained by performing a spherical har-
monic analysis on observed monthly median values of foF2 described by Jones 0
and Gallet (1962). The accuracy of the global representation of foF2 obtained
from the CCIR maps is dependent upon the geographical distribution of the
stations whose data were used in the generation of the numerical coeffi-cients. Where observations were available for inclusion in the analysis that .0
generated the coefficients, the accuracy of foF2 is quite reasonable (King and
Slater, 1973). At locations where data were not available (such as oceans),
the accuracy of foF2 determined from the coefficients is questionable.
In a recent paper, Rush et al. (1983) described how theoretically derived _0
values of the F2-region critical frequency, foF2, could be used to improve the
global representation of foF2 that is achievable using the CCIR numerical
coefficients (CCIR, 1982b). The improvement is obtained by combining values
of foF2 derived from the time-dependent continuity equation for ions (and
electrons) with monthly median observations of foF2 to obtain data bases that
can be subjected to spherical harmonic analysis. The harmonic analysis then
yields coefficients that represent the global variation of foF2 that is con-
sistent with both observations and the current understanding of the physical
mechanisms responsible for the large-scale ionospheric variations.
The results presented by Rush et al. (1983) were confined to the months
of July, September, and December and the years 1975 and 1978. The results for
the year 1975 were taken as being indicative of sunspot minimum conditions and
those for 1978 were indicative of sunspot maximum conditions. A limited num-
ber of comparisons between foF2 values derived from the CCIR maps and the foF2
values derived from the new coefficients were also given. Since that paper
was published, numerical coefficients for each month of a sunspot minimum and
a sunspot -maximum year have been developed that are based upon the same prin-
ciples zs given by Rush et al. (1983). It is the purpose of this report to
describe the most recent results obtained and to present detailed comparisons :.of observed foF2 values with values of foF2 derived from the CCIR maps and
with values of foF2 derived from the new coefficients. For the sake ofcompleteness, the results obtained for the months of July, September, and
December 1975 and 1978 which were discussed by Rush et al. (1983) are also
presented here.
29 . °,
In the next section, the data and the sources of data used in the devel-
opment of the new foF2 coefficients are described. Observations ot monthly
2median hourly values of foFi obtained from vertical, incidence ioiosondes
located throughout the world were used as the primary data source. In the 0
third section, the use of the time-depeolent continuity equation to derive
values of foF2 is presented. In Section 4, the analysis procedures employed
to produce the new coefficients are briefly described; and, in Section 5, the
new maps are described and the results of the many comparisons that were
*• undertaken as part of this study are presented. In the last section, the
overall results are summarized and the conclusions drawn from them are given.
2. [ATA AND DATA SOURCES
"In this study, numerical coefficients that represent the global varia-
tions of foF2 have been determined for each month for July 1975 to June 1976
and for July 1978 to June 1979. The coefficients for July 1975 to June 1976
* are representative of solar minimum conditions and those for July 1978 to June
* 197.9 are representative olar maximum conditions. Table I lists the 12-
month average Zurich sunspot number for each of the months for which coeffi-
: cients were derived. It is evident from the table that fcr solar minimum
(1975/1976) the sunspot numbers do not vary greatly from month-to-month and
are typically on the order of 10 to 15 units. For solar maximum (1978/1979),
however, the sunspot number increases continuously from 95 in July 1978 to 154
in June 1979. Thus, the coefficients obtained in this study for solar maximum
may not accurately represent the highest solar maximum conditions that are ob-
* served, particularly for the months July through December 1978.
In developing the first set of numerical maps of ionospheric data, Jones
* and Gallet (1962) found it necessary to ensure that foF2 data existed at suf-
* ficient locations so that the mapped fields did not have negative values.
These negative values resulted from instabilities in the maps in areas where
data were either nonexistent or sparse. In order to prevent instabilities,
Jones and Gallet employed a "screen analysis" whereby observations available
at specific locations were extrapolated to areas devoid of data taking account
*} of the geomagnetic field control of the F2 region. Inherent in this procedure
is the assumption that the temporal variations in foF2 at one location (obser-
vation point) are simply related to those at another location (extrapolated
3
. .... . -,
.ii . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .~ ..... . . *.. .. . . . . . . .. , . . . . . .
Table 1. Smoothed Observed Sunspot Numbers forJuly 1975 Through June 1976 andJuly 1978 Through June 1979
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
1975 15.0 14.3 14.5 15.6 16.3 16.5
1976 15.2 13.2 12.2 12.6 12.5 12.2
', 1978 95.0 104.0 108.4 111.0 113.3 116.7 .1-
11979 122.8 130.4 136.1 141.0 147.4 153.71
point) in a relatively simple manner. This assumption may be valid for regions
over which extrapolation does not have to be extended to great distances (see
for example Rush, 1976). However, the inaccuracies in the maps over the ocean
areas, for example, point up the need for a better estimate of the behavior of
foF2 in regions of the earth inaccessible to routine observations.
In the development of the new set of numerical coefficients discussed in
this report, the screen analysis of Jones and Gallet (1962) was abandoned in
favor of a more physically based approach. In order to obtain a uniform data
set that could be subjected to the spherical harmonic analysis techniques used
by Jones and Gallet, observations of foF2 obtained from vertical-incidence
ionosondes were combined with foF2 values determined from the time-dependent .
continuity equation for ions (and electrons). In this section, the values of
foF2 determined directly from observations or inferred from observations willbe discussed. The values of foF2 determined by use of the continuity equa-
tions will be discussed in the next section.
Monthly median observations of foF2 obtained from the stations given in
Table 2 form the basis for the spherical harmonic analysis. In the table, the
station name and location in geographic coordinates are given. Alse given in
the table is the letter A or B under each of the two solar cycle epochs. The
letter A refers to data that were observed at the station for the time period
1975/1976 and/or 1978/1979. The letter B refers to data observed at tne sta-tion in question for a different solar epoch and adjusted to the solar epochs
"in 1975/1976 or 1978/1979 using a polynomial interpolation procedure
4
Table 2. lonosonde Stations Providing Data Usedin the Determination of foF2 Coefficients
*Sration Name Latitude Longitude 1975/1976 1978/1979______(ON) (OE)
A-,ctir. I (USSR) Floating Ice Island B BArctic II (USSR) Floating Ice Island B BArctic IiI (USSR) Floating Ice Island B B
KHeiss Island, USSR 80.6 58.0 A B___Thule, Greenland 76.4 291.3 B B
*Resolute Bey, Canada 74.7 265.1 A ADixon Island, USSR 73.5 80.4 B BBarrow, Alaska, USA 71.3 203.2 B BOodhavn, Greenland 69.3 306.5 B BKiruna, Sweden 67.8 20.4 A ASodanKyla, FinlanLd 67.4 26.6 A ASalekhard, USSR 66.5 66.7 A ALycksele, Sweden 64.7 18.8 A AArchangelsk, USSR 64.6 40.5 -A
*Providenya, USSR ~44186.6 B BTungUska, USSR 61.6 90.0 -A
Yakutsk, USSR 62.0 129.6 -A
Narsars~aq, re.3n1 and 61.2 314.6BBAnchorage, Alaska, USA 212210.1 B BLeningrad, USSR 60.0 30.7 A ANurmijarvi, Finland 60.5 24.6 A AUppsala, Sweden 59.8 10.6 A AChurchill, Canada 58.8 265.8 A A
*Gorky, USSR 56.1 44.3 A ASverdlovsk, USSR 56.7 61.1 A ATomsk, USSR 56.5 8A.9 A AJul iusruh/Rugen, Federal 54.6 13.4 A A
Republic of GermanyMoscow, USSR 55.5 37.3 A AGoosebay, Canada 53.3 299.2 A ADe Bilt, Netherlands 52.1 5.2 A APruhonice, Czechoslovakia 50.0 14.6 A AMiedze.,sz.yn, Poland 52.2 21.2- A AIrkutsk, USSR 52.5 104.0 A ASlough, England 51.5 35S.4 A AAdak, Alaska, USA 51.9 183.' B BLindau, Federal Republic of 51.6 10.1 A A
GermanyDourbes, Belgium 50.1 4.6 A ARostov, USSR 47.2 39.7 A AWinnipeg, Caniada 49.8 265.6 AFreiburg, Federal Republic of 48.1 7.6 A
GermanyKhabarovsk, USSR 48.5 1115.1 A ALannion, France 48.5 356.7 A ABudapest, Hungary 46.7 21.2Saint John's, Canada 47.6 307.3 A
5
Table 2. lonosonde Stations Providing Data Used in theDetermination of foF2 Coefficients (Continued)
Station Name Latitude Longitude 1975/1976 1978/1979(ON) (°E)
Poitiers, France 46.6 0.3 A AWakkanai, Japan 45.4 141.7 A AOttawa, Canada 45.4 284.1 A AAlma-Ata, USSR 43.2 76, 9 A A
, Tbilisi, USSR 41.7 44.8 A Ao e Italy 41.8 12.5 A B
Tatlikent, USSR 41.3 69.6 ATortosa, Spain 40.8 0.3 A BBoulder, Colorado, USA 40.0 254.7 A AAkita, Japan 39.7 140.1 A AGibilmanna, Sicily 38.0 14.0 - A -"Ashkabad, USSR 37.9 58.3 A ASeoul, South Korea 37.4 127.0 A A"Wallops, Virginia, USA 37.9 284.5 A APoint Arguello, California, USA 35.6 239.4 A A
SToky-J, Japan 35.7 139.5 A AWhite Sands, N~w Mexico, USA 32.3 253.5 - AYamagawa, Japan 31.2 130.6 A A
* Wuhan, China 30.6 114.4 A ADelhi, India 28.6 77.2 B BOkinawa, Japan 26.3 127.8 A ATaipei, Taiwan 25.0 121.2 A AAhmedabad, India 23.0 72.6 B BHong Kong, Southeast Asia 22.3 114.2 B 6Maui, Hawaii, USA 20.8 203.5 A AMexico City, Mexico 19.4 260.3 A ADakar, Senegal 14.7 342.6 A BManila, Phillipines Island 14.7 121.1 A ABangkok, Thailand 13.7 100.6 A AOuagadougou, Upper Volta 12.4 358.5 A ADjibouti, Northeast Africa 11.6 42.8 A AKodaikanal, India 10.2 77.5 A
, Thumba, India 8.6 76.9 AVanimo, New Guinea -2.7 141.3 A A
Huancayo, Peru -12.0 284.7 A A •STahiti, Pacific Ocean -17.7 210.7 A A
STsumeb, Namibia -19.2 17.7 A" Townsville, Australia -19.3 146.7 A A
Raratonga, Cook Island -21.2 200.2 A AJohannesburg, South Africa -26.1 28.1 A ATucuman, Argentina -26.9 294.6 A ABrisbane, Australia -27.5 152.9 A A -'-
- Norfolk Island, Pacific Ocean -29.0 168.0 A AMundaring, Australia -32.0 11.6.2 A ACapetown, South Africa -34.1 18.3 ABuenos Aires, Argentina -34.5 301.5 ACanberra, Australia -35.3 149.0 A A
6
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... • . . . .
.7 '-7 ** -- 7 7
Table 2. Ionosonde Stations Providing Data Used in theDetermination of foF2 Coefficients (Concluded)
Station Name Latitude Longitude 1975/1976 1978/1979(ON) (°E)
Concepcion, Chile -36.6 287.0 A AAuckland, New Zealand -37.0 175.0 A AHobart, Australia -42.9 147.2 A AChristchurch, New Zealand -43.6 172.8 A AKerguelen, Indian Ocean -49.4 70.3 A APort Stanley, Falkland Islands -51.7 302.2 A A
"" Campbell Island, Pacific Ocean -52.5 169.2 A ASouth Georgia, Atlantic Ocean -54.3 323.5 AArgentine Island, Antarctica -65.2 295.7 A ACasey Base, Antarctica -66.2 110.5 B BMirny, AntarcticQ -66.5 93.0 B BTerre Adelie, Antarctica -66.7 140.0 A AMawson, Antarctica -67.6 62.9 B ASyowa Base, Antarctica -69.0 39.6 A ASanae, Antarctica -70.3 357.6 A AHalley Bay, Antarctica -75.5 333.4 A A -
Scott Base, Antarctica -77.8 166.8 A AVostok, Antarctica -78.4 106.9 B BByrd Station, Antarctica -80.0 240.0 B BSouth Pole, Antarctica -90.0 0.0 B B
Key: The symbGl A indicates that median observations for the time period inquestion were used in the analysis.
The symbol B indicates that observations were used to predict the median"value of foF2 for the time period in question.
J--
7
..-.-
7 07
(Crow and Zacharisen, 1960). To obtain values of foF2 from the interpolation
procedure for a given location, observations at that location had to be avail-
able for the month in question for other solar epochs. Data of this type are
referred to in this report as B data. The use of data similar to B data in
other geophysical disciplines has been pointed out by Rush et al. (1982).
Actual observed monthly median data are denoted as A data.
Figure 1 depicts the distribution of A- and B-data sources throughout the
world. The figure vividly illustrates the lack of observed data spread uni-
formly throughout the globe. Obviously A- and B-data sources are available over
land-based regions. Most of the globe, however, is not covered with these
observations. This situation was ameliorated by using the time-dependent
continuity equation to generate foF2 values in the data-sparse areas. In actual
fact, the continuity equation was used to determine foF2 values at middle and
high latitudes (latitudes greater than about 250 north or south magnetic
latitude).
The data needed for the unobserved regions in the equatorial ionosphere
were not derived in as rigorous a fashion as those for the unobserved regions at
other latitudes. This is due primarily to the fact that for the time-deoendent
continuity equation to yield realistic values of foF2 at low magnetic latitudes,
the vertical electrodynamic drift at the equator must be included in the calcuI- -
lation. This results in calculations that are very lengthy and tiro.-consuming
even for modern computers. It was determined that it was impractical in thisinvestigation to obtain values of foF2 needed for the low latitudes from the
theoretical or time-dependent continuity equation. Rather, what was done was
to take foF2 observations at the available low-latitude locations and plot
them onto global maps for each hour of local time. The variation of foF2
plotted at constant local time is much smoother than when plotted in constant
universal time. Contours of constant foF2 were then constructed at each hour
of local time for each month from the plotted values of foF2. It was found
that distinct and noticeable differences in the shape and form of the contourshad to be drawn for regions of the globe where the magnetic field has an east-
ward declination and where it has a westward declination. Once the contours
were drawn for each hour of local time for a given month, the local time maps
were used to determine foF2 at specific points in the low-latitude ionosphere.
These low-*'-itude values were then combined with the values of foF2 deter-
mined fror the time-dependent continuity equations and the A and 8 data to
8A_-
S .,: .S-.I:'.Z:
* p41
CD ato La L-C
-0
oftLI. d) 0
03
14 4. 4
00
0 cS * 4
11Q .a-)0 0 t f l
* f "-D
provide the data base needed to generate numerical coefficients from the
spherical harmonic analysis of Jones and Gallet (1962).
3. THEORETICALLY DERIVED DATA 0
As mentioned in previous sections, the time-dependent ion continuity
equation was used to calculate values of foF2 at middle and high latitude -,..,
regions where observations of foF2 were not available. The values of foF2
thus determined are referred to hereafter as theoretical values. They were .
obtained by use of the time-dependent ion continuity equation as described by
Anderson (1973) and applied to ionospheric mapping studies by Rush et al.
(1983).
The continuity equation is given by 0
aN.+ V • - - L (1)(
where Ni is the ion density; Pi, the ion production rate, Li, the loss rate;
and V the transport velocity. In the ionosphere, plasma is transported
: along the geomagnetic field lines by diffusion and neutral winds and perpen-
- dicular to the field lines primarily by electrodynamic (E x B) drifts. For
the purposes of this investigation, it was assumed at middle and high lati-
tudes that the transport of plasma along the field lines greatly exceeded the
trarsport across the field lines. The movement of plasma due to elcctro-dynamic drift was, therefore, neglected permitting a much simpler and computa-
tionally efficient solution to Equation (1).
The continuity equation was solved numerically following Anderson (1973),
to give Ni (= Nei electron density) as a function of altitude, latitude, and
local time. In arriving at a solution for Ni, it was assumed that the only
ion of concern was atomic oxygen (0+), a valid approximation for F2-region
, * heights. The parameters needed to solve the ion continuity equation were"* obtained from models of the neutral composition and temperature, ion and
electron temperatures, production, loss and diffusion rates, and neutral wind
models. These models were determined for the appropriate month and sunspot
. numier given in Table 1. In addition, a model of the gemaagnetic field tied to
"b he assumed in order to arrive at a solution to Equation (1). The details of*-7 the models of the parameters used to develop theoretical values of foF2 are
discussed below.
lu
3.1 Neutral Atmosphere Model
"The neutral atmospheric model derived from mass spectrometer and incoher-
N ent scatter data designated as the MSIS model (Hedin et al., 1977) was used to
calculate the density of nitrogen (N2 ), molecular oxygen (02), and atomic
oxygen (0) and the neutral temperature, Tn, as a function of altitude, lati-
tude, and local time. At all altitudes and local times, it was assumed that -:
the ionosphere was in thermal equilibrium with the neutral (Tn), ion (Ti), anu
electron (Te) temperatures being equal. Values of N2, 02, 0, and Tn wer.;.
obtained as a function of altitude, latitude, and local time for the spesilic
solar conditions given in Table 1.
3.2 Production and Loss Rate
The production rate and the loss rate reactions incorporated in the
calculations of the 0+ densities were the same as those used by Rush et al.
(1983). The photoionization coefficient, P, at the top of th,; atmosphere was
used to determine the production rates for each month. This coefficient was
adjusted according to the solar conditions appropriate for that month. For
some months, it was found necessary to have slightly different values of P for
the northern and southern hemispheres. Table 3 gives the values of P that
were used for each month.
The loss rate was determined from the reactions:
*0 + h\ 0 + e,
.. k,1+ N2 NO+ ' N where kI x 10-13 cm3/sec,
.- an + 02 + -1/2 "mise"
and + ÷02 04, + 0 where k2 2 x 10-11 (Tn/300) cm3/sec.
The hour-to-hour and month-to-month variation in the loss rate is tied to
similar variations in the neutroi ,tmospheric parameters 0, 02, N2 , and Tn_2 n3.3 Diffusion Coefficient
The coefficient needed to account for transport Jf )lasma by arnbipoIar r
diffision, Din, is that appropriate for elastic collisions between ions and
neutrals and is given by (Anderson, 1973):
UI
¢.* .. . * .
:-''-1 300 L 2 2
;,i n +
n<. 2 1 2
77-77.7, 7 7~
where
001 3.3 x 8 cm- sec-" .
oN2 = 3.9 x 1018 cm"1 sec-" -
and 00 = 3.7 x 1018 cm"1 sec" 1
The terms [021, [N2 ], and [0] represent the number densities of molecularoxygen, molecular nitrogen, and atomic oxygen, respectively. These values,along with Tn9 were derived from the neutral atmosphere model and vary with
time in accord with the MSIS model.
Table 3. Rate of Ion Production, P(sec-)1
1975/1976 1978/1979 .'
Northern Southern Northern SouthernMonth Hemishpere Hemispshere Hemisphere Hemisphere
July 2.3 x 0 2.4 x 10- 7 4.0 x 10 4.0 x 1August 2.3 x 10-7 2.4 x 10- 7 4.0 x 10- 7 4.0 x 10- 7
September 2.3 x 10- 7 2.3 x 10"7 4.0 x 10- 7 4.0 x 10-7
October 2.3 x 10-7 2.3 x 10-7 4.5 x 10- 7 4.5 x 10-7
November 2.3 x 107 2.3 x i10" 4.5 x 10"7 4.5 x 10"7
December 2.3 x 10-7 2.3 x 10- 7 4.5 x 10-7 4.5 x 10-7
January 2.3 x 10- 7 2.3 x I0" 5.0 x I0o 4.5 x 10.February 2.3 x 10'7 2.3 X 10- 5.0 x 10- 7 4.5 x 10-
Ma rch 2.5 X 10-7 2.5 x 10- 6.0 x 10- 6.0 x 1-April 2.3 x 10-7 2.3 x 10- 7 6.0 x 10 "7 6.0 x 10-
May 2.3 x i10 2.4 x I0-7 5.0 x I0" 6.0 x I0"June 2.3 x 10-7 2.3 x 10-7 4.0 x 10.7 4.0 x 10-7
3.4 Neutral Wind ModelsValues of meridional and zonal neutral-air winds for each of the months
were de•duced by fitting theoretically calculated values of foF2 to actualmonthly median observations at specific mid-latitude locations. The conti-nuity equation was used to calculate hourly values of foF2 for a location i_I here foF2 observations were available and the meridional canponent -f the
wind was adjusted so that agreement between observed and calculated valueswere obtained. The calculation was then repeated for a location 'where thefoF2 data were available and where the nagnetic latitude was essentially the
12
. . . ...o
*1
same as for the first calculation but the declination of the geomagnetic field
2• was different. Using the same meridional wind, the zonal wind component was
adjusted so that calculated values of foF2 agreed with observations at thesecond location.
Meridional and zonal neutral wind models were determined for each of themonths in the 1975/1976 and 1978/1979 time periods. Different models for the
* same months were obtained for the northern and southern hemispheres of the
globe, and the winds were assumed to be independent of altitude.
Figure 2 shows the neutral wind models for the months of January 1976 and
1979 for both the northern and southern hemispheres. The variations seen in
the zonal and meridional winds in Figure 2 are typical of the neutral wind
patterns observed for all the months used in this analysis. The zonal wind is
directed eastward during the evening hours and, for some months, in the hours
immediately following midnight. During solar maximum, the eastward zonal wind
"prevails in the winter hemisphere around the sunrise hours. This is not the
case at solar minimum when the zonal wind is either absent or directed to the
west during the sunrise hours. The meridional wind is directed equatorward
during the night and early morning hours and is either absent or directed
"* . toward the poles during the daylight hours.
The wind patterns for each month used in this investigation are shown in
figures in Appendix A. Certain generalities can be made about the variations
* in the wind patterns by studying the figures in Appendix A. The eastward
" - zonal wind is larger in the nighttime winter hemisphere than in the summerhemisphere during solar mninimum, but not so during solar maximum. Except for
the equinoctial months, the eastward directed zonal wind during solar minimum
"is larger than during solar maximum. The meridional winds display similar
behavior. The equatorward meridional wind in the nighttime winter hemisphere
is generally greater than that in the sumner hemisphere. The daytime poleward
meridional wind also tends to be larger during the winter monnths than during"* " the sunaer months.
The neutral-air winds at F2-region altitudes result from the te~nperatore
and pressure gradients set up in the neutral atmosphere by diurnal heating and
i 'cooling (King and Kohl 1965). The speed of the winds is slowed by colli-
sional interactions between the neutral atmosphere and the ions at the
FZ-regioq heights. During tts when the ionization density is large (such as
, solar -maximcw co-pared to solar minimumi, the collisional forces or "ion-drag"
i JIL-
* -- f r v-r ~y~~~ ~ -A-. %
40\
cr-'Ai 40a. c
L--
z L
SL
o 14
4L
forces reduce the speed of the wind. The general variations in the wind pat-
terns and the magnitude of the winds shown in Appendix A are consistent with
"* the MSIS neutral atmospheric model and the diurnal, seasonal, and solar cycle
variations of the ionization density in the F2 region.
"In the F region, the neutral wind moves ionization along geomagnetic
"field lines. The equatorward meridional wind moves ionization up in altitude,
and the poleward meridlonal wind moves ionization downward. The zonal wind
imparts an upward or downward drift to the ionization depending upon the rela-
tive direction between the wind velocity and the declination of the geomag-
"netic field. In the southern hemisphere where the inclination of the geomag-
* ~netic field is directed upward, an eastward wind will impart a downward comn-
* ponent to the ionization when the field is declined westward and an upward
component when it is declined eastward. A westward wind in the southern
hemisphere gives rise to an upward component when declination is westward and
- a downward component when the declination is eastward. The effect in the
northern hemisphere is just the opposite because the inclination of the
"magnetic field lines is directed downward. Figure 3 provides a simplified
* illustration of the movement of ionization along the geomagnetic field due to
zonal winds in the southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere for east and
west geomagnetic declinations.The interaction between the neutral-air wind zonal component and the geo-
magnetic field will give rise to very different diurnal variations of foF2 at
eastward and westward declinations. Simply extrapolating observatiou' from
* one location to another and taking into account only the tragnetiL latitude
dependence of foF2 could result in placing data in areas where the 2Pclina.ion
is vastly different. This would give rise to foF2 values in inaccessible
regions that are unrealistic and unrepresentative of the area. The magnitude
of the error made will depend upon the difference between the declination at
the observation location and the extrapolated location. Figure 4, which shows 0
the magnetic declination of t'he 1975 epoch determined by the United States
Defense Mapping Agency, illustrates the problem of simple extrapolaltion.
M oving ObServations from land areas anywhere in the world to adjacent ocea-n
areas results in placing the observations in regions with vastly differentvganetic declin3itions. by using the titv.-dependent continuity equation to
derive values of Wo2 at inaccessible regions, the m~agnetic inclination ani
de,:linstion dependencies in the F2 region are properly taken into account.
. .. *
-7 -- '73 -777 77%
.r- 0
4- 0
u. 0) '4 o
04-) 4-) (0
(3) U C
4-3 0
LU~ -0 m. , 0.
C-0) 3: CL
4L- 0
LAJ = ~-a :. ., '
I.( 0 CC
7c 0 e"~ "L(A
NV
S0 -ao:a
41--
4ji
D tn*
aleqdslwa-U 0)dsw
uiaq~h.C i03-Vo
16 CC
IN F.
* C5
01
w ON
4-
a --
r-.-
0 4-0
17C
A realistic 3.5 Geomagnetic Field Model
A realistic geomagnetic field model was used to transform the sphericalpolar coordinate system r, e, and 4 to one describing directions parallel and
perpendicular to B. The "real" field is given by Euler potentials Cxand -
where B = VcL x V• (Stern, 1965, 1967), and a full description of the technique
is covered in the paper by Anderson (1973).
3.6 Solution to the Full Continuity Equation
The time-dependent continuity equation was solved numerically using a .
." Crank-Nicolson (Crank and Nicolson, 1947) implicit finite differencing scheme.
The two boundaries are at 125 km altitude at the northern and southern ends of
the field line. Boundary conditions for the ion density are photochemical
equilibrium during the day and 10 ions/cm3 at night. However, the boundary
conditions are not critical, as the appropriate ion densities are reached
within a few space steps. The changing size of the magnetic flux tube is
taken into account in the calculations. I%
The importance of using values of foF2 that are derived from the conti-
nuity equation to supplement observations needed to develop realistic iono-
". spheric maps can be seen in Figure 5. The figure shows the diurnal variations
of foF2 for September 1978 at three different longitudes where the declination
of the magnetic field line changes but the dip angle is approximately the
* * -same. [This figure is the same as Figure 4 in Rush et al. (1982).] During
"* daytime hours, the westward declination field line has the greatest peak
electron density because, in the southern hemisphere, the early morning,
westward-blowing zonal wind (see Figure A.12) at 50 m/sec transports loni-
zation upward from below where the production rate is greater to higher alti-
,,. tudes where the loss rate is less. In geographic regions where the
declination is nearly zero, the effect of the zonal wind is minimal and the
results shown for -2,.5 declination are obtained. Conversely, where the .
!. declination of the field line is eastward in the southern hemisphere, a
*•: westward-blow0ng, early morning neutral wind transports ionization downward
into a higher loss rate region, decreasing the peak electron density such as
sh'wn for 18* declination. During nighttime hours when the zonal wind blows ,.L
* eastward, the effer'r of field-line declination on peak electron density are
reversed. In the southern hiemisphere, an eastward-blowing wind lowers the F
region if the declination is westward, thus decreasing foF7 whilp the same
eastward wind raises ths F layer where declination is eastward, causing a
18
* *.* . -.. . . . . , * *•
' . ' ".. *"" *"
.04-)
4-)J-w
C:
(D (D D w00 w
.1- 0mC
Z z
0 w . f
"-4-SCL 4-)
CU C
0 Cv.
CO er- 0 4-3 >0
1j: 43; .0 C'
00W > -
(ZH~q ZW'0
slower decay in foF2 with time. This can be seen by comparing the slopes of
the curves shown in Figure 5 between the hours 1800 and 2200 local time.
The foregoing illustrates how the theoretical model provides a convenient
and valid method to obtain physically realistic values of foF2 at locations'
that are generally inaccessible to routine observation.
4. MATHEMATICAL BASIS FOR THEGENERATION OF THE foF2 COEFFICIENTS
The mathematical basis for generating the numerical coefficients that
represent the global variation of foF2 has been provided by Jones and Gallet
(1962). The application of the Jones and Gallet (1962) method to ionospheric
data has been discussed by numerous authors, most recently by Rush et al.
(1982). In this section, a brief description of the methodology used in
developing the numerical coefficients is given. More detailed discussion can
be obtained from Jones et al. (1969) and Jones and Obitts (1970).
In choosing a functional representation for foF2, consideration must be
i given to the nature of the data itself and the large-scale variations that
must be represented. Because the F2-region critical frequency displays a
*. three dimensional (time, geographic latitude, geographic longitude) variation,
a simple set of functions will not represent the behavior of foF2. Also, the
geographic distribution of the data used to derive the numerical coefficients
presents problems in preserving the stability of the final result in areas
where few data points (or observations) are available. Ideally equally spaced
data distributed uniformly over the globe and in time are desired in order to
*. obtain the final coefficients.
The usual method of representing global variations of geophysical data is
, to use spherical harmonic analysis. This approach provides functions that are
* periodic in longitude and constant at the poles. The classical surface
spherical harmonics that satisfy Laplace's equations, however, are not ortho-
gonal with respect to the locations for which ionosphere data are available.
Therefore, two sets of functions were chosen. A set of orthogonal polynomials
was chosen to represent geographic variations. The diurnal variations then A
need only be represented by a periodic function, and a Fourier series was
chosen to provide this representation. Advantages of using Fourier series are
that adjusting the data for differences in recording times is greatly
simplified, the noise inherent in the observations is ,nore easily separated
2G
. . .. . . ... .. . .. . ...' .. .
lF,ZF
from the true diurnal variation of foF2, and the resultant accuracy of the
Fourier fit to the data can be readily assessed using least-squarestechniques.
The application of Fourier analysis to represent the diurnal variation of
foF2 using k harmonics yields an expression of the form
kY,(x) ao + • a cos jx + b sin jx] (2)k~x) j=l
where
x~ (.2L). , i =01, 1, ... N,
1 N
(3)
2 Naj=. cos jx
and b =. y1 sin Jix
for all values of k where (2k + 1 < N). The value of Yk(x) is a best
approximation in the sense of least squares. In the current application, the
. 24 hourly measurements of foF2 are available usually in local standard time
and therefore must be translated to local time. Eight harmonics were used in
the Fourier analysis which agrees with previous studies (Rush et al. (1982).This tends to smooth out noise and at the same time gives a good representa-
tion of the diurnal variation of foF2. After fitting the diurnal data with
"the Fourier series, the Fourier coefficients are shifted in time so that the
data at each station can be represented in local time. The Fourier coeffi-
cients representing the diurnal variation of the foF2 data are then fit withrespect to the geographic location at which the data were taken.
The set of functions chosen to represent the geographic variation of the
Fourier coefficients is given in Table 4. This set of geographic functions
21I~i• ""--
Table 4. Set of Functions Chosen to Representthe Geographic Variation of theFourier Coefficients
kGk(},, e) "____
o 1
1 sinX -
2 sin X
p1Pl sin X.
P1 + 1 cos) cose
+ 2 cosX sineP2-Pl :1.--
p + 3 sinX cosA cose a - -11 2p1 + 4 sinX cosX sine
P2 1 sinax COSA cose
P2 sina X cosX sineP2 2 2:2p+ 1 Cos Acos2e
P2 + 2 cos 2A sin2e
P2 + 3 sinX cos 2 A cos2-
2 3 pP2+ 4 sinX cos2 A sin20 b -P3P 1
1sinb Cos A Cos eP3 sinbX cos 2X sin2"
where X Geographic lat.itude,
6 = Geographic longitude,
* smnX = 1/'(12 cosx) 1/2,
and I magnetic inclination (1975 epoch).
22
' - . .... Ti~~~i "i ' i T "T .. . . . . .. .. . . - . . . . , • . . - ,.
Gk(,, e) given in Table 4 is analogous in some respects to spherical harmonics. ,.
The main latitudinal variation terms correspond to zonal harmonics, and themixed latitudinal and longitudinal terms involving cos 0 or sin 8 (along with
the terms involving cos 20 and sin 20) correspond to the tesseral harmonics of
the first and second order, respectively. The series of functions Gk(,, e).--,are periodic in longitude, constant at the poles, and are weighted according
to latitude by the functions cosX,, cos 2 ,, . .
* In terms of orthogonal polynomials, the desired geographic functions may
. be written simply as (Rush et al., 1982)
YR(x) = do Po(x) = d, P1 (x) + + dR Pk (x) (4)
where the coefficients in the orthonogal system are
* Nd =Yi Pj (xi)]/C (5)
* The numbers Cj are given by
N1=1[P (x-)J and (6)
the coefficients in the orthonormal system arei. oJj j*.
. Each term d Pj(x) in the series (8) is independent of the other terms. As a .. , .
consequence, the degree of the approximating polynomial may be increased with-
out affecting the terms already obtained and, in some cases, tests for statis-
tical significance may be applied to each term.
The accuracy of the coefficients determined from both the diurnal and
geographic analysis was computed by use of a least-squares method described byRush et al. (1983). The root-mean-square (rms) error for the fit to the foF2
data (observation, contour-derived low-latitude data, and theoretically-
derived higher latitude data) for each month for the solar minimum (1975/1976) """and solar maxinum (1978/1979) time periods is given in Table 5. Also shown in
the table is the rms error by Jones et al. (1969) in deriving the CCIR numeri-
cal coefficients fo- the F2-reglon critical frequency. The tms error for the
new coefficients is on the order of 0.4 to 0.5 MHz for the solar minimum
representation and between 0.5 and 0.7 MHz for the solar maximui repre-enta-
tion. It can be seen that for the new representation, the rins errors during
23
. ..
*' *'- ... *. "" • † † † † † † † † † † † † . *.-~ K
Table 5. RMS Errors (MHz) for the Fit to the Data Usedto Generate foF2 Coefficients
New Coefficient Jones et al. (1969)Month Solar Minimum Solar Maximum Solar Minimum Solar Maximum
Jan 0.513 0.558 .406 .662
Feb 0.375 0.604 .360 .607Mar 0.428 0.631 .378 .619
SApr 0.425 0.633 .379 .600
May 0.310 0.622 .344 .585
Jun 0.334 0.481 .352 .583
Jul 0.337 0.474 .332 .581
Aug 0.392 0.516 .353 .553 '
Sep 0.449 0.619 .404 .589
Oct 0.452 0.632 .402 .650
Nov 0.400 0.703 .415 .699
Dec 0.379 0.560 .418 .696
the solar minimum period are generally one-half to two-thirds of those at
solar maximum. Also, the errors tend to be smaller during the northern hiii-
sphere summer months (May through August) than for the other months of the
year.
The rms errors are comparable to those obtained from the Jones et al.
(1969) analysis and are probably close to the noise level of the data used in
the generation of the coefficients. The errors could be reduced somewhat by
including higher order harmonics into the spherical harmonic analysis. The
use of higher order harmonics to represent the observed foF2 data could,
however, give rise to instabilities in the representation of foF2 in data-
sparse regions. Also, the coefficients generated would not be of the same
format as the CCIR coefficients (CCIR, 1982b). One of the desiredaccomplishments at the onset of this study was to produce a more realistic set
of numerical coefficients to represent foF2 on a global scale that could be
directly substituted for the CCIR coefficients. Thus, the decision to _
maintain the same number of harmonics as given by the CCIR was take.,.
The entire set of coefficients that represent the global iariation offoF? is listed in Appendix B for each month of july 1975 to June 1976 and July
•97 to June 1919.
24
•'L•"-'•.. . . . .. T".. . -,--.".-.-.. •.i -" ' ,
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The numerical coefficients that represent the global variation of foF2
were derived from the data described in Sections 2 and 3 using the procedures 0
outlined in Section 4. For each month between July 1975 and June 1976 and
between July 1978 and June 1979, a set of coefficients has been derived that
is based on observations of foF2 available from the worldwide network of ver-
tical incidence ionosonde stations. In this study, these observations have
been supplemented by data obtained from a detailed constant-local-time-
analysis of foF2 observations at low magnetic latitude and by data obtained
from the time-dependent continuity equation at the higher latitudes. Typi-
cally, for each month about 20 locations with actual observations and 95 loca- I A,
- tions of contour-derived foF2 valves were used for the low-latitude data
base. For the higher latitudes for each month, about 75 locations of actual
observationsand 90 locations of theoretically derived data formed the
re uired data base. If a value of foF2 determined from the continuity equa- 7
tion was below 0.7 MHz, the value was set equal to 0.7 MHz. This was done in
order to assure that the values of foF2 subsequently determined from the
numerical coefficients did not yield F2-region critical frequencies that were
near zero or negative.
An example of the global variation of foF2 obtained from the coefficients
derived in this study is shown in Figure 6. Monthly median contours of foF2
(in MHz) are illustrated for January 1976 at 1200 hrs universal time (UT).
The figure provides a striking example of the high latitude trough of ioni-
zation typical of the winter nighttime hours (note the contours between 90o
and 2700 longitude, and poleward of 400 north latitude). Also shown for the
late morning and afternoon hours (between 315' and 120 longitude) at latitudes
between 300 north and south is the equatorial anomaly. This region is charac-
terized by ionization maxima bounding a relative minima of ionization above
the magnetic equator. The summertime hemisphere, particularty for middle
southern hemispheric latitudes, displays values of foF2 that vary little with
longitude (and local time). This, too, is typical of the F2 region morphol-
ogy. The major ionization features depicted on the figure are aligned with
magnetic latitude which explains why, in the geographic representation of the
figure, the ionization features tend to be slanted with respect to cleographic
latitude.
25
C! ~ L.
toU
L H
v EU
-0 - -
11U
-- / I .- 4S
- .~ ow
'U 0 11
C!-
* -l/
FU .. Ui -~11*.J h
~A
ap I. .
/1 -IV 0 S9
26
Figures 7, 8, and 9 show contours of foF2 for 1200 hrs for April 1976,
July 1975, and October 1975. The months of January, April, July, and October
were chosen for illustration since these months are the ones indicated by the
CCIR as being the most representative of the seasonal variations of the iono-
sphere (CCIR, 1983). These figures, taken together with Figure 6, provide an
illustration of the seasonal variations of foF2 during a period of minimum
solar activity. It is not the purpose of this report to describe the morphol-
ogy of the F2 region that is given by the numerical representation of foF2.
Suffice it to say that the general features of the global variation of foF2
given in Figures 6 through 10 are in total accord with the known morphology of
foF2 that has emerged as a result of over 50 years of ionospheric research.
In Appendix C, global maps of foF2 are given for 0600 and 1800 hrs UT for thefour seasonal months for both solar minimum (1975/1976) and solar maximum
(1978/1979). The maps given in Appendix C illustrate the seasonal and solar
cycle dependencies observed in foF2.Figures 10 and 11 illustrate the global variation of foF2 for January and
April 1976 at lOlM hrs UT derived from the numerical coefficients given by
Jones et al. (1969). These coefficients, referred to as the CCIR coeffi-
cients, provide a representation of foF2 that is based on data observed
between 1954 and 19E8. More importantly, however, is the fact, that for
regions of the earth where data were unavailable, simple interpolation pro-
cedures .4ere used to obtain foF2 values. Comparing Figures 10 and 11 with 6
and 7 shows that the high-latitude trough in Figures 6 and 7 is much better
defined than in Figures 10 and 11. Also, comparing Figures 6 and 7 with
Figures 10 and 11, it is seen that the form of the foF2 contours in the
southern hemisphere differs substantially. This is due to the fact that the
data used to generate Figures 6 and 7 were derived from the continuity equa-
tion and reflect the dependence of foF2 on both magnetic declination and
inclination. The data used to generate Figures 10 and ii, on the other hand,
only reflect the magnetic inclination (or dip) control of the F2 region.*While comparisons such as those discussed above are useful for illustra-
tive purposes, more detailed comparisons between actual observations and foF2
derived from the new coefficients and the CCIR coefficients are necessary to
* determine what, if afy, improvement in the global representation of foF2 is
afforded by the new coefficients. Before discussing improvements, however, it
. 2 is worthwhile to consider the differences in the values of foF2 determined
27
. .. .. . . . . S o - " • ,... S,
...................................-�
'\.
�0
1%
a',U-
-� _ L�Hr a
u..� � 1It7IIK�- _
_ . 4.-
* 2
0
I a)-
0 -
�'ti. -.
--n-
�±-� C
mi
__ -- -: k-I-
. L �_
In7
a)4JrA
-C
0 14� U1 0CI�
-�4-0ow
/ 0..' __
__ /
4JUo
-w �J3I.--,.,
CC,- - -T I wa)
- - -1---.--�� �
S0 -- A*1i
OiLKrri7L
-Ca)*
. IC �. 'I, 0.Ifl{2�[4j4V..rt±..
I C
0
g a �' '
La)p.-
S28
-9-
api
R-i
a1
~ - . L
gil Co
V C . 0
'U
-o k
Tr 1 7
0 U ~
0o
I ca
q PF V. -
__ ~, 'U 29
0
00
J,,
"--4.-
0 cu0
I~ Al -1 1 4
A ICUC
-. I M A lT,0)c
CI C)
O- r-.7'.1/ 3h3 N-3flV 1M O
305
o L -" "
04
'4-
r- ,, 0 -: :.
C ;-
"" ,, ,_Ik , i . II I •, a)
SI-• V
ii.~ °0 .e
""I t•u
-o 0i
. o 6 0 .: .
C41
- -I 1 ", -;-.,.w -v-- !
' - -L ,Z• _ •. .. .- • L. " '
a1411 ko.
-/ ,C! 0 4M
.L ,
LL
31 ' .
1. .0 -_
__ __ _ __ __ _ __''
r. ..
*5*" " .,. . .. " . '. .. 7 ". . . .: . . . . . • . .. ,
I~ cp~, .
N 0
-~t
4-1I
oPI~~(
to. _
VT
-
Sl 30 mlm lEuldt~
1 - I
from the two sets of coefficients themselves. Figure 12 shows the diurnal
variation of foF2 for March 1979 that has been derived from the new
coefficients and that derived from the existing CCIR coefficients. Values of
foF2 are shown for three distinct ranges of declination (eastward, westward,
and approximately zero declination) and for five different latitude intervals
(northern middle, northern low, equatorial, southern low, and southern middle
"latitude). The latitudinal intervals are designated according to magnetic
"latitude. The coordinates of the 15 locations given in the figure are listed
in Table 6. For those locations where observations of foF2 were available in
the generation of the numerical coefficients, the station indicator begins
with a numeral and the station name is listed in Table 6.
The differences between foF2 derived from the two sets of coefficients
are rather striking at many of the locations. This is particularly the case
for those locations where observations of foF2 were not available (i.e., the
locations beginning with a letter). It is at these locations that the biggest
differences in the values of foF2 derived from the two sets of coefficients
would be expected. The reason for this is that, at unobserved locations, the
values of foF2 derived from the numerical coefficients is dependent upon the
procedure used to fill in data at the locations in question. As was mentioned
earlier, the CCIR coefficients were generated from data that were simply
interpolated "or extrapolated) taking account of only the magnetic inclination
control of the F2 region. The new coefficients, on the otner hand, were gen-
erated from data that accounted for the magnetic inclination and magnetic
declination control of the F2 region.
The results shown in Figure 12 illustrate quite readily the impact of
neutral winds on the diurnral variation of foF2 determined from the new coeffi- ...
cients at all locations. This is particularly noticeable for the northern and
southern middle-latitude locations. For the 051, 945, and 836 location group-inn, the critical frequency auring the day hours is highest for the eastward
declinatior and during the night foF2 is highest for the westward declination.
The critical frequency -for the 'W5, B6M, and Y5! location grouping shows
exactly the opposite behavior: highest values of foF2 during the day are
- found at Lhe westward doc~ination and during the night at the eastward declin-
atio,. This behavior results froin the effect of the zonal component of the
neutral air-wind on the variation ot foF2. It can be seen from Figure A.3
"that the zonal wind is directed eastward in the evening and westward in the
33
%S
* . . ...
. .... " " '""" """"" " " " ' ' ?: : !ii i ::ii ..... :.... :
":,- '- " - " . : , " ::i . .:T-. -: ,* - . , . :. ." ." : ..' "
STable 6. Coordinates of Locations Used to Illustrate
Differences in foF2 Derived from th� CCIRCoefficients and the New Coefficients
Location Geog. Geog. Magnetic Magnetic LocationIndicator Latitude Longitude Inclination Declination Name
(0N) (0E) (0N) (0E)
051 51.5 359.4 66.8 - 7.0 Slough -
945 45.0 285.0 75.0 0.0 Ottawa 0
836 35.6 239.4 60.7 15.0 Point Arguello
L15 5.0 310.0 25.1 -16.0
L07 0.0 290.0 23.9 - 2.0 eL06 0.0 240.0 9.9 8.0
L2N -10.0 310.0 -6.0 -15.0
91K -12.0 285.0 1.0 2.0 Kuancayo
L05 0.0 170.0 3.5 10.0
L3L -15.0 340.0 -47.2 -22.0L6K -30.0 300.0 -30.3 - 2.0
L5J -25.0 250.0 -33.6 15.0
B5! -49.6 344.4 -57.8 -22.0
B6N -64.3 316.5 -58.3 5.0
Y5! -50.2 236.2 -62.1 27.0
0
-3---
S
34
. ... .. . . .
. . .
East declination Zero declination West declination
00 04 08 12 16 20 00 00 04 05 12 16 20 00 00 04 08 '12 16 20 0
A16 -114 1
12 836 945 051 -12
12 -/A . i~-~- 10
2o 2
16 166 0 If 9 'L~ 14
% 4.-
2 -2
14Lis 1K- - L07 L 1 2I
= 12S 10 - 10
8 \ 86 6
@ 4 -4
2 -CI 2
12 L69K 12jo %LS 0 5 % 110
*4 64
2 S -- --I 2
41* 12
4 4
Marc 191
Fiue 12. DiBa aitino h eia au ffI2drn ac 197deerine fr8te e offcet6adte Rcefiins.o h
do *. ~ *
early morning hours in both hemispheres. The zonal wind is directed westward
during the day in the southern hemisphere and is zero during the day in the
northern hemisphere. In tthe northern hemisphere, the westward wind during the
early morning hours drives ionization up the magnetic field lines where the
declination is eastward and down the field lines where the declination is
westward (see Figure 3). The ionization that is moved upward is move, into " -,
regions of lower loss rates. The values of foF2 are therefore larger at these
locations than at locations where the ionization is moved downward i4-,to higher p.
"" loss regions. In the southern hemisphere, recalling Figure 3, the opposite
effect is noted, Similar arguments can be made concerning the effect of the
zonal wind on foF2 at the other local times.
Figure 12 also provides evidence that neutral-air winds affect the
* diurnal behavior of the ionization distribution at the low latitudes and even
near the equator. For example, foF2 at the northern low-latitude locations
* during the early morning hours is noticeably lower at the westward declination
than at the zero declination location. This agrees with the expected impact
: of the zonal wind in the northern hemisphere which is directed westward during
the early morning hours. Such effects observed at the low latitudes are par-
ticularly encouraging because the data used to supplemefit the low-latitude
observations were not generated using the time-dependent continuity equation.
The continuity equation yields values of foF2 that must agree with the effect
"of neutral-air winds on L.he ionization distribution. The low-latitude coeffi-
cients were generated from data that were either observed cr determined from
the low-latitude local time analysis. That the resultant values of foF2 agree
with theoretical expectation provides further evidence of the validity of the
-: •data obtained from the local time analysis.
. Figure 13 provides results for the solar minimum period of March 1976
similar to those shown in Figure 12. The results d-isrlayed in Figure 13 are
also in agreement with theoretical expect,;ion. Figure A.3 and Figure 3 can
be used to verify that this is indeed the case.
In order to determine what improvement in foF2 is gained by using numer-
ical coefficients that are consistent with theoretical expectation, differ-
Sences between observations of foF2 and foF2 deduced from both sets of coeffi-
cients (the new coefficients and the CCIR coefficients) must be compared. It
is extremely difficult to obtain data that can be used to objectively compare
the values of foF2 with observations, particularly in regions of the globe
36
*"-. . - .: * . . " *: :: " 'i. " ",, .. ; . . . ... " '" / , . . . ... . .. . . - • .•.. . . . , • - -,. . . . , " - * .. . .. . .. . ' , " ' - i
E 03
-04
a) ,
L. 4-3
I> W500
C 4.
cc a
M I7'>c u
* I.CC 0.-4
/~~~Pw u . I04.-
37g *
where it is expected that the new coefficients will show the greatestimprovement, such as over the oceans. The reasons for this are rather
obvious. Any location that is far removed from other locations and for whichdata were available was used in the generation of the coefficents. To do
otherwise would result in coefficients, and hence values of foF2, that couldyield needlessly large errors at the very locations where improvement in the
specification of foF2 is needed most. One possible approach to overcome thisdilemma is to use the numerical coefficients to predict values of foF2 and .
then to compare the predicted values with observations.The accuracy of the predicted values of foF2 depends not only on the
values of foF2 specified for each month by the coefficients but also on therelationship between solar activity and foF2. The same relationship between 47A
foF2 and solar activity was assumed for values determined from both sets of
coefficients. This relationship is a linear one between foF2 and the 12-month
average sunspot number, R12 , given by
foF2 F F- RF2 (8)u
where Ru = value of 12-month smoothed sunspot number for 3olar maximum
conditions,
R value of 12-month smoothed sunspot number for solar minimum
conditions,F = value of foF2 at RZ,
Fu = value of foF2 at Ru,
and R12 = value of 12-month smoothed sunspot number for monthpredictions are being made.
It was further assumed that any errors in foF2 resulting from an error in thislinear relationship will effect both sets of coefficients equally. The valid-
ity of this assumption is questiondble, and further study of this is certainly
warranted.
Figures 14, 15, and 16 are maps of foF2 determined fron the new coeffi-
cients, showing contours of the critical frequency at 0000 hrs UT In July for
solar conditions appropriate to sunspot numbers of 15 (Figure 14), 55(Figure 15), and 95 (Figure 16). The results for Figure 14 are valid for July
1975 and those of Figure 16 are valid for July 1978. The values of foF2 given
"33
00
4-
0 L
04-
~~~L~~ a~ , , MZ d
ICol
r ~
U, *~ 9
lo. ~ .. -S3 30 NIF~I13 "
I! . . I ~39
L.
/44
Aa
4-3
I L I
a)
0 4
C! 4.)
Sli NI 4.)v 1M
40.
4-
v..
a CD
-~~~ V D C
VI.
-4
1D 4-.
A... 0 I
a9 c
41
in Figure 15 were determined by linearly interpolating between the coef-
ficients for July 1975 and July 1978. It is seen from the three figures that
"the general pattern of the variations in foF2 remains the same as the level of
solar activity increases. The values of the contours tend to increase as
solar activity increases. Values of foF2 determined from representations such
as illustrated in Figure 15 provided the basis for the comparisons between
foF2 given by both sets of coefficients and by observations of foF2.
Ideally, in order to compare the accuracy of the predictions of foF2
using the new coefficients and using the current CCIR coefficients, predic-
tions should be made for time periods and for locations that were not used in
the development of either set of coefficients. The new coefficients presented
here were developed using data observed during and appropriate to, the solar
minimum year of July 1975 through June 1976 and the solar maximum year of July
1978 through June 1979. The CCIR coefficients have been developed using data
valid for the solar minimum period of 1954 and the solar maximum period of
1958. In order to be as objective as possible, comparisons of the prediction
accuracy using both sets of coefficients were made for years spanning the
early 1960's through 1972.
'" Table 7 shows the rms prediction errors in foF2 determined at Freiburg
(48.14N, 7.6*E) for the months of January, April, July, and October for the
years 1964 through 1971. Data from Freiburg were not used in the generation
0 of either set of coefficients. It can be seen that for the months studied, in
* 20 out of 32 cases, the use of the new coefficients to predict foF2 at
Freiburg resulted in smaller prediction errors than using the CCIR coeffi-
cients. Also worth noting is that the new coefficients tend to have lower -_
*~ prediction error., than the CCIR coefficients during t ~e solar miwrmurn years of
1964, 1965, 1970, and 1971 (13 out of the 16 months) b.it not during tle solar
maximum years of 1965, 1967, 1968, and 1969 (7 out of ti, 16 mointh°',.
Comparisons for other locations shov th6• use of tihe new _,efficients do
not always lead to improved predictions of foF2. Table 8 gives rins prediction
errors of foF2 using both the new coefficients and the CCIR coefficients for
(irand Bahamna, Singapore, Cocos Island, and Hon ýon'q. Comparisons were made
for the same four ionths as gfven in Table 7 ,: i for the solar minimun year of
1964 and the solar maximum yeat of 1969. The prediction errors indicate that
t-ne new coefficients do not improve the prmediction of toi2, i)articularly
diring solar maximwn conditions (1969). It shtuild be noted,
II-. * . . * *.* . .
Table 7. RMS Prediction Errors (MHZ) in foF2 for Frelburg
Coefficient Set JAN APR JUL OCT
1964 New .54 .34 .21 .32
CCIR .35 .45 .23 .45
1965 New .65 .47 .23 .27
CCIR .29 .64 .28 .33
1966 New .56 .39 .26 .92CrIR .4n .49 .63 .41
1967 New .42 1.05 .39 .49
CCIR .33 1.23 .48 .65
1968 New .49 .32 .67 .78
CC IR .94 .31 .29 .20
1969 New .79 .52 .50 .95
CCIR .60 .69 .45 .3?
1970 New .52 .99 .24 .45
CCIR .77 1.18 .68 .61
1971 New .48 .31 .27 1.09
CCIR .61 .4i .42 .55
44 ,1
- ..
Table 8. RMS Prediction Errors (MHZ) in foF2 at SelectedLocations for 1964 and 1969 Solar Activity Conditions
CoefficientSet JAN APR JUL OCT T.0
1964. New .90 .43 .39 ,53
CCIR .48 .32 .30 .37
GRAND BAHAMA
1969 New 1.40 .48 .66 1.05
CCIR .99 .50 .41 .65
1964 New .53 .50 .52 .51 AW%:
CCIR .54 -37 .45 .69
SINGAPORE
1969 New 1.31 .62 1.12 1.19
CCIR .78 .56 .48 .51
1964 New .78 .94 .64 .93
CCIR .75 .94 .52 .65
COCOS ISLAND
1969 New .55 1.50 1.31 .60
CCIR .95 1.78 1.03 .79
HONG KONG 1969 New 1.53 1.60 1.09 .93CCIR .67 1.81 1.16 1.31
--
........... 4
117
however, that data for three of the four locations given in Table 8--Grand
Bahama, Singapore, and Cocos Islard--were used in the development of the CCIR
coefficients but not in the development of the new coefficients. This may
explain, in part at least, tha better agreement using the CCIR coefficients.
Table 9 shows the results of a comparison of predicted foF2 values for
each month of the year of 1970 at seven locations on the earth whose data were
used in the generation of both sets of coefficients. The locations shown in
the table are Slough, England; Tokyo, Japan; Maui, Hawaii; Huancayo, Peru;
Tahiti, Pacific Ocean; Canberra, Australia; and Christchurch, New Zealand. It
can be seen that at Slough, Huancayo, Tahiti, and Canberra, the new coeffi-
cients yield values of foF2 that are generally closer to the observed values
than do the CCIR coefficients. On the other hand, at Tokyo and Maui, the CCIR
coefficients yield predictions that are closer to the observations thart are
the new coefficients for most months of the year.
It is highly likely that the results presented above are colored by
errors in the solar activity dependence assumed for the new coefficients in
equation (8). The apparent lack of overall improvement in the prediction of
foF2 using the new coefficients may be due more to deficiency in the solar
activity interpolation procedure than to a deficiency in the coefficients
themselves. This is based on the fact that for solar minimum conditions the
new coefficients tend to yield predicted values of foF2 that are either as
good as or better than those given by the CCIR coefficients. The solar activ-
ity for the months used to determine the new coefficient for solar minimum
was, in fact, indicative of minimum solar activity (see Table 1). Thus,
predictions of foF2 at solar minimum are based on coefficients that are
realistic representations of solar minimum conditions. The same cannot be
said, however, for the new coefficients for solar maximum. The values of the
sunspot numbers used to determine the new coefficients varied from 95 in July
1978 to over 150 in June 1979. While values of sunspot numbers of 140 to 150
are indicative of solar maximum conditions, values of 95 to 120 may not be.
The values of foF2 determined from the new coefficients for solar maximjm
conditions may be too low because they are based on data that may not be
totally representative of solar maximum conditions.
The results presented in lable 7 clearly support the above argument. It
would be expected that the predictions of foF2 for the month of April that are
based on the new coefficients would be more accurate than the CCIR
45
S :..,,....,.,... _ ..... .............. ,.........,.........,.. .. . . .. . .
V *
0 NO ko %0 Lt~N U)~ elJ u flr- 0 I
0~ co U)) CO ( CJ ( (D UL) d*o o * l co w m m to C*. ** qd 0 9
.- 4U- -:rC ~ 0 Ln C' ( Ci (
.0~~~~~ ~- N4t)0 e cc D0
0 0J -11 fl Ný kO If) ko L
CC
4- 01
4-~ CO) cl OO C ~-) U')4.C.
r l .. 4 .
LUJ
LLJ
N Nl
M~C O LO. 00 000 a (n CDc
r-.. .- (0 CC) NN t"' CD R O w - \40 014 C ~ )
-- ai
0-1 w(0 U') -t w0 un 4: 00 c U') LC) u U') U')
w L C lqr LO 4.-. 0') CN ' Cm ) (M00 0'M 0
U--
Co r... O - -04-' U CO J (0 CO 40)
CD 4"o 0) C en 0o -0 %10 tD 4.- .1 Ln~ (ON N
Vol Q Z- w- 3- z
aJ CJO~i0 0 ~0 a C 0ft<
4.=()~ ~ ~ 0 .- 0 0 Z 46
A 1-:
coefficients because the data used to derive the new solar maximum coeffi-
cients for April were applicable to a sunspot number (14,,.) that is truly
representative of solar maximum conditions. Of the results present.Ld for
April in Table 7, seven out of eight cases show that foF2 determined from the
new coefficients is better than foF2 determined from the CCiR coefficients.
Even in Table 8, the results given for the month of April show that the CCIR
coefficients do not yield values of foF2 that are vastly better than those
determined from the new coefficients. This is particularly noteworthy 0
because, as mentioned previously, observations at Grand Bahama, Singapore, and
Cocos Island were used in the generation of the CCIR coefficients but not in
the generation of the new coefficients.
The results presented above indicate that the values of foF2 obtained O
from the new coefficients appear to be better than those obtained from the
CCIR coefficients if proper account can be taken of the solar cycle dependence
of the coefficients. This result holds true for regions of the globe where
observations of foF2 were generally available to determine the numerical
coefficients. At locations where data are not available, it is difficult to
quantify the improvement afforded by the new coefficients. However, Rush et
al. (1983) have shown that, for the southern hemisphere, values of foF2
determined from the new coefficients are generally closer to those obtained
from the Jiapanese satellite ISS-b than are the values of foF2 deducea from the
CCIR coefficients during December 1978 (a period of solar maximum).
Figure 17 (which is Figure 11 in Rush et al., 1982) shows three longitu-
dinal distributions of foF2 at three latitudes (30'S, 40°S, and 50'S) for
December 1978, 1000 hrs UT. Shown is foF2 determined from the new coeffi-
cients and foF2 resulting from the CCIR coefficients. Also indicated on thefigure are values of foF2 deduced for about the same time period from the data
collected by the ISS-b satellite (Matuura, 1979). While differences between
observed and mapped values of foF2 exist, the values of foF2 deduced using the
new coefficients represent the observations much better than do the values
determined from the CCIR coefficients.
Further validation and verification of the values of foF2 determined from
the new coefficients are certainly warranted. This is particularly desirable
for regions of the globe that are inaccessible to routire ground-based iono-
spheric soundings. However, it does appear that the new coefficients afford
an opportunity to deter-ine values of foF2 on a global basis that are
47
. - - .... ".
3e S.
14 I I
12-
-~~ L I*** I I I
- CCIR45 S.12-SCb
A
* 10
1400- CCT:R1000 S
6 ___________ LL........IDECEMBER 1978
009Q0 10 0 3600LONGITUDE
Figure 17. Longitudinal distribution of foF2 at 300, 400, and 500 south latitudefor December 1978 at 1000 hrs UT.
48
consistent with observation and with the current physical understanding of the
mechanisms that control the F2 region ionization distribution. • =
6. CONCLUSIONSA new set of numerical coefficients to represent the median behavior of
the global variation of foF2 has been developed that is consistent with the
current understanding of the physical processes that govern the F2 region.
The coefficients enable median values of foF2 to be determined at any location
"on the globe for any month of the year and for any phase of the solar cycle.
The coefficients that have been descriP.ed in this report have the same format
as those developed by Jones and Gallet (1962) which form the basis of many
ionospheric propagation prediction methods.
The new coefficients have been determined using observations of foF2,
values of foF2 determined from the time-dependent continuity equation for ions
and electrons, and values of foF2 deduced from a constant local-time analysis
for the low-latitude F2 region distribution. The coefficients have been
determined for each month of two different years: a year of minimum solar
activity (July 1975 to June 1976) and a year of relative maximum solar activ-
"* ity (July 1978 to June 1979). The time-dependent continuity equation was used
to provide values of foF2 in regions of the middle and high latitude iono-
sphere where observations are unavailable. By incorporating realistic models
"of the F2 region neutral-air winds into the continuity equations, along with
* a representation of the geomagnetic field, values of foF2 were determined that
include the effect of both the magnetic declination and magnetic inclination
, control on the F2 region. No direct account of the movement of ionization by
electrodynamic (E x B) drifts was included. This does not present any limi-
tation of consequence in this study because for the middle latitude F2 region,
Sthe movement of ionization by neutral-air winds is far more significant than* movement by (E x B) drift (Benkhe and Kohl, 1974). At the low latitudes where
the (E x B) drift is of utmost importance in the F2 region, the continuity
equation was not used to determine values of foF2 in data-sparse areas.
Rather, a constant local-time analysis was used to determine values of foF2 at
*-.low-latitude regions of the globe that are inaccessible to routiie ionospheric
"sounding. It is expected that low-latitude values of foF2 determined from a
continuity equation that includes realistic E x B drifts in the equatorial
region would lead to a better representation. Such a study should be pursued.
49.... ... ... .... ... ... ... . .~
. ' * " . "
The new coefficients were used to determine values of foF2 at various
locations in the ionosphere for different solar activity conditions. It was
found that the new coefficients yielded values of foF2 during solar minimum
conditions that were on average better than the values of foF2 determined from
the CCIR coefficients. For solar maximum conditions, the results of the
analysis carried out in this study indicate that, if adjustments are made to
take into account the fact that the data used to generate the solar maximum
coefficients are not truly representative of solar maximum conditions for all
months, an improved representation of foF2 will emerge. In regions ot the
*' globe that are inaccessible to routine observation, the new coefficients yield
values of foF2 that differ significantly from those obtained from the CCIR
coefficients. The limited validations performed in this study for those S
". inaccessible regions indicate that the new coefficients yield much improved
. values of foF2. Further validation, using data such as obtained by the ISS-b
satellite, is needed before the new coefficients can be recommended as a
-eplacement for the existing CCIR coefficients. _
"It is necessary that further work be done to improve the solar cycle
So.variation of foF2 determined using the new coefficients. As was indicated in
"-' Section 5, the values of the new coefficients for periods surrounding solar
maximum conditions yield values of foF2 that are not an obvious improvement
over the results obtained using the CCIR coefficients. The new coefficients
must be adjusted to account for the fact that for some of the months (parti-
cularly July through December) in solar maximum, the coefficients were
determined from data that may not be truly representative of the maximum solar
activity conditions. The relationship chosen to represent the solar cycle
variation of foF2 obviously will influence the results obtained for predicted
foF2 values. The high prediction errors for both sets of coefficients for
some of the months (see Tables 7, 8, and 9) illustrate the fact that equation
.. (8) does not provide realistic predicted values of foF2 for all solar cycle
conditions. The method of predicting foF2 described by Liu and Smith (1982)
may provide a useful approach to improve this situation.
The most promising validation and assessment of the new coefficients may
be their use in existing ionospheric modcls and radio propagation simulation
techr, iques. It has been frmntioned many times throughout this report that the
* new coefficients have the same format as the Current CCIR coefficients. Any
ionospheric ,models or radio propagation preu.ction techniques using tihe CCIR
. . * * * . .. .. .* . .
S'° ..' . . .. . .... * . .*
coefficients (CCIR, 1982b) or the coefficients of Jones et al. (1969) can
readily be adapted to using the new coefficients. Results of ionospheric
modeling efforts and radio propagation simulation studies obtained using both
the CCIR coefficients and the new coefficients would prove to be invaluable in . ,
the final assessment of the improvement afforded by the new coefficients.
7. REFERENCES
Anderson, D. N. (1973), A theoretical study of the ionosphere F region Oequatorial anomaly - I. Theory, Plan. Space Sci. 21, pp. 409-419.
Benkhe, R., and H. Kohl (1974), The effects of neutral winds and electricfields on the ionospheric F2-layer above Arecibo, J. Atmos. Terrest. Phys.36, pp. 325-333.
Bent, R. B., J. R. Lep,.)fsky, S. K. Llewellyn, and P. G. Schmid (1978),.Ionospheric range-rate effects in satellite-to-satellite tracking, AGARDConference Proceedings No. 230, Operational Modelling of the AerospacePropagation Environment, Vol. I, edited by H. Soicher, pp. 9-1 - 9-15,Ottawa, Canada.
CCIR (1982a), Supplement to Report 252-2, Second CCIR computer-based interimmethod for estimating sky-wave field strength and transmission loss atfrequencies between 2 and 30 MHz, Recommendations and Reports of the CCIR,1982, Vol. VI, Geneva.
CCIR (1982b), Report 340-4, CCIR atlas of ionospheric characteristics,Recommendations and Reports of the CCIR, Vol. VI, Geneva.
CCIR (1983), Report 3f Interim Working Parties 6/12 and 10/5 to Study Group 6and 10, Geneva. -: _
Crank, J., and P. Nicolson (1947), A practical method for numerical evaluationof solutions of partial differential equations of the heat-conductor type, • ..-
Cam. Phil. Soc. M.th. Proc. 43, pp. 50-67.
Crow, E. L., and D. H. Zacharisen (1960), The error in prediction of F2maximum usable frequencies by world maps based on sunspot number,Proceedings of Symposium on Statistical Methods in Radio Wave Propagation,University of California, Los Angeles, (edited by W. C. Hoffiman, SymposiumPublications Division, Pergamon Press, New York).
Hedin, A. E., C. A. Reber, G. P. Newton, N. W. Spencer, H. C. Bris''on, H. B.Mayer, and W. E. Potter (1977), A global thermospheric model b3sed onf massspectrometer and incoherent scatter data, J. Geophys. Res. 82, pp. 21481-2156.
Jones, W. B., and R. 14. Gallet (1962), The representation of diurial and,Jeographic varihtions of ionospheric data by numerical methods,Telecomnmun. J. 29, pp. 129-149.
51
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . o". . . •
Jones, W. B., and D. L. Obitts (1970), Global representation of annual and ,'solar cycle variation of foF2 monthly median 1954-1958, Office ofTelecommunications Research Report, OT/ITS RR3, (NTIS Access. No.COM 75-11143/AS).
Jones, W. B., R. P. Graham, and M. Leftin (1969), Advances In ionosphericmapping by numerical methods, ESSA Technical Report ERL1O7-ITS75.
King, J., W., and H. Kohl (1965), Upper atmospheric winds and ionosphericdrifts caused by neutral air pressure gradients, Nature 206, pp. 699-701.
King, J. W., and A. J. Slater (1973), Errors in predicted values of foF2 and .hmF2 compared with the observed day-to-day variability, Telecommun. J. 40,pp. 766.
Liu, R. Y., and P. A. Smith (1982), A new method of predicting FZ,.layercritical frequencies, Telecommun. J. 49, pp. 416-420.
Matuura, N. (1979), Atlas of ionospheric critical frequency (foF2) obtainedfrom Ionospheric Sounding Satellite-Observation, Part 1, August toDecember 1978, Radio Research Laboratories of Japan, March.
Nisbet, J. S. (1971), On the construction and use of a simple ionosphericmodel, Radio Sci. 6, pp. 437-464.,
Rush, C. M. (1976), An ionospheric observation network for use in short-termpropagation predictions, Telecommun. J. 43, pp. 544-549.
Rush, C. M., M. PoKempner, D. N. Anderson, and F. G. Stewart (1982), The useof theoretical models to improve global maps of foF2, NTIA Report 82-93(NTIS Access. No. PB82-187170).
Rush, C. M., M. PoKempner, 0. N. Ande,'son, F. G. Stewart, and J. Perry (1983),Improving ionospheric maps using theoretically derived values of foF2,Radio Sci. 18, pp. 95-107.
* Stern, D. (1965), Classification of magnetic shells, J. Geophys. Res. 70,pp. 3629-3634.
Stern, D. (1967), Geoeiagnetic euler potentials, J. Geophys. Res. 72)pp. 3995-4005.
Teters, L. R., J. L. Lloyd, G. W. Haydon, and D. L. Lucas (1983), Estimatingthe performance of telecommunication systems using the ionospheric
*" transmission channel--ionospheric communications analysis and predictionprogram user's manual, NTIA Report 83-127 (NTIS Access. No. P884-111210)
52
. . ,
. . . , .. ".
APPENDIX A: MERIDIONAL AND ZONAL WIND MODELSUSED IN GENERATION OF NEW COEFFICIENTS
This appendix provides the meridional and zonal components of the
neutral-air winds that were used in the solutions to the time-dependent
continuity equation for ions and electrons in this study. Each of the 12
figures in this Appendix (one for each month) shows the two components of the
neutral wind in both hemispheres for solar maximum and solar minimum
* conditions. The winds were derived taking into account values of foF2
observed during the specific time period shown. The manner in which this was
:-, -done is described in Section 3.4.
* . .53
,, ,. . . . . . . . . .. ,-
*:: :;-::::. . -* . . . ... .
IL
rn-II I
0) "10 r
C- N4
z *
10 /W 4*02 JAAidf/)KIWMWMWs/ AP..A Pp... (S/tu AIWAPg
W *~ 54
- - - ........ J --- .....w.....0
I -m
CL-
a.. l. -.
co~L64,
00
-f
w k
I ann
( IW 413014 -~~-td(/ ) I P J*
I SW 40* I J~S3(/l O AP2
0 0 ~ 055
z cN
0 co
w n QC4 N
* 1% IS*~
ccE
s 8 s 8 88 .
-SW AP-R -JA~~ -%UJ 413R - 0
(S/wl'4 4MA-,43(/L)4 WJV41
* 56
LIII
0.N
cc--II CL
- II
w I IOD
W t-
IS s
NOi4OR 0M1dAý0,44PA(1/tl 4OiA W4SC A) A Pit-f
K. --57
I
1 I---- 04
wL r, -
.1 r-
L -.
0
I" o.JWLLI..1JLL.
CLL
LLJ PN
z coc:-
&IPCIS001A PAEM8S0d (s/wu) Aj!3OIA PA~matQ3
C8
r CN
z kI -.
W '
- -4
I-IV
o to
CL.to 00
I.-)
40 0
ts4'IJ CW a ~m 3(/4 40a E49
I - I59
- - - -- - - - --
00.
--------------------
I 0
w g.
000
4W.cr0wT T ~ .I T i
LcL WI L 4 -
~0Ogo
C~%j - v
600
-7-7
LOLf
z. cl
4--4
cI -
3A
3 ~ 0 0
.7, -I -
IU ON L9
C~C
1 (oLai.
w I
(Sw lalAPiem~lOd (S/WI AIIl2OIA PAJ~Cm4d(/)kNAPJE44 (/W A4ORjA PJeal~e3
61A
z LO
.1 -j
* - -- -0
WL s .N cmc
* LJJ I
* a.( a.LA / 0IU
N w w
z CLI
* I CL.
I14 Ple*, .SU 0* M23-e
I 02
I 10CI V
Il IN Ew I I
I C4
I I
w '
LLL
00 I co
A M In
E (%%
'00
I N 0s 5t 8. 2 C
w cIr a
I ZI
7 0v
z Sui z4X4 iml S/)WR ~vWW)4(9AOCU8 W I 40APtg
64-
-41
I IN
I I o
cc
to 0 s.Q0 2t
( IW AA P -.*3d(SW IP
655
APPENDIX B: TABLES OF COEFFICIENTS TO REPRESENT THE GLOBALVARIATION OF THE MEDIAN VALUE OF foF2 FOR EACHMONTH OF THE YEAR FOR TWO SOLAR EPOCHS
This appendix provides the listing of the numerical coefficients derived
in this study. Numerical coefficients for the months July 1975 to June 1976
and for July 1978 to June 1979 are presented in tabular form. These coeffi-
cients are used to determine the value of foF2 anywhere on the globe for the
month indicated.
The general form of the numerical map function, Jj(X, 6, T), is the
Fourier time series:
H(X,, 0, T) = a0 (X,, ) + [a. (X, 0) cos jT + bj (X, 0) sin jT] (B.1)
j=1 a
where:
= geographic latitude (-900 < X < 900)
- = east geographic longitude (00 < 8 < 3600)
(o in degrees east of the Greenwich meridian)
. T = universal time expressed as an angle (-1800 < T < 1800),
and H the maximum number of harmonics used to represent the diurnal
variation.
The Fourier coefficients, aj (X, 6) and bj (X, 8) vary with the geographic
coordinates and are represented by series of the form: -9 0 ° < X < 900.
Kaj e) U U] k Gk (X, 0), j 0 0, 1, 2, ... , H. (5.2a)Sk=O 2j k
Kb (A. 8) 0 U~..Ik Gk (,, 0), j 1, 2, ... , H. (8.2b)
The particular choice of the functions, Gk (X, 0), is determined by specifying
the integers k (k0, k1, k2 ... 1, ki, -s. k8; k8 =K where i is the ord"r in
longitude. Therefore, a numerical map can be written more explicitly in the
form:
SK H K _m'l'.A, e, T) =' UOk Gk (A-, e+ E cos .jT Gk (, C)
k=O .jz1 k-0(9.3)
. sin jT L U. Gk (i, e)Jk =O k -m
66
. * . . A
Tables B.1 to B.24 present the coefficients of numerical maps of the
monthly median values of foF2. These coefficients are the values of Usk (see
equations (B.2) and (B.3) that define the function (,(X, e, T) of the numer-
ical map for the indicated month....
The month and the sunspot number are indicated at the top of each
table. The coefficients are listed according to the following groupings:
I. Main latitudinal variation. Mixed latitudinal and longitudinal
variations;
* II. First order in longitude;
* * III. Second order in longitude;.
IX. Eighth order in longitude.
i4.
67
*.0
L•......................-
Table B.1 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for January 1976
HARMONIC a 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 *401471306.0 o So$ 00014 .0?0t043" 0 -.607410401-40 W.OOsqE0 ).?000B~ 450600'00* .70213101-001 .. 266219101:Ol .16441,04-000 1.10000@ t&451101OI01 -.615I014000 .014?1060t.41
1 .14l1iO1f.O .4010130106. -. 196714010 .00060.1 .4144704t0.41 .444990741.0I *o1 '70109.e1::I as , 1,01 .... o..o.... .o414476101-1 .ooo10o,.b0o -.t$1400.01oo .001ISS131.04 -M.',uooooo4
* .44410 0,04 1.4~04"02~ *.000110 .154734101-41 .411,100100.0 -. 0100110.0 .000Ul..? .1400130600.0 .115006401.0s .31f2041"ol1 .10440001901-4 *0t!466pol.0 .tS4.144.01*O* *?41100654010
* .100400.'1 *,4O10~.* .00100.00 .110100101-.45A014'0.41 .311101101-3t7 .0404.1140ig0 .661306.1 - I0001.o .12611006.01 -M966100106.8 -.001004*0100. -. 1fl1460000 .*44042001.01
10~~3 403160.01 .4010.0 *440060 .47M4010601 .11'000000.01 *.1*0.010400000 .101#30161.01it *1111:44:1.61 .19111:14101".0 -. 10104401-01. .0014"40-410 *111000?CI.0l .1106010010.ot -.. 1110193171
10 .1$4216041400 .1164011001-01 .1711740106*1 -. Iso000040- .4.4~010100-1 *.100000 a 010-1110 -.4:6's 100.1-?4?0.1 .101344060101 -. 12401,140100 .. 040431010.00 .46401,7101-01 .0010h0
10 *4011600.04 .1754014"1.04 .149.01S040001 -..0044104101-f SW34C0106 .111*1ZU04t00 .1060010 -0014106.1 .014444.06.0 M.700141-00 .010l01400"-1 .000010t-0000 .1~00~ . ~0?6
16 .1110006.41 .100103300 -o0000o *014 .4001341.0 .1.0003201400. -. 4501401-04*0 .*1ItzS0.j104 .004000001 -. 110200061 .*00040 -16,060 .a00004 61004.0-.0136.
It *.4776911OI.0lt -.7411MOP0101 .0164040101000 -. 101604101-01 .441248004602. WZ491?01-910 -114010000.cz00 -. 1.4444310.0t -. 164$11040.03 .101401%60.1" -. 010444441.0s .11441270*902 .0.167901-00. .1741%ti06'00
t4 -10000.1 .41049610J.01 -. 13j?6Q00143 j.0401410t0601 .16140.4 .1000l.0 400141*.L00 .I16009106.01 .16U01?11000 .0C14010 .f110.0 .0000.0 0004000 *0?4C3
01 *0446.) .140164 140104 .1000.0 .0000*0.510010046.01 *I0111040C.31it .?4040. .. 0101?1100.00 .14"~031010 -01 '0000 *00l06 -.1111015701.03 -. 1601014 3,10b
10 -. 1*0000 -.00001044.", .1'.410'10001 -. 100421100401 .12303901006* *.461l14010.0 .100064it *'01460) *0000.) .41?04 .1041100M0.01 -. 0113900*106.1 .. ,2116010601 .441344101)
1* -. 4104601044*1 -. 00.14006.01 -. 1601#1040100 .113414101.0t .540,60).0100 U7141301-02. *.In001400(*01) 000010640I 10?l 764300.Q -l1baAVQ600 -100616.1 04000000 .190001006.01 t*i0atoll7."
31 .o1114tZ000.0J 004100 W64000101401 ,4000 .170401646.0) .471146010100 001461
30 *66?o44 -. 140?111001.0) *14060)*10f0.1 .14SMS1-000,* .1600.0*o00o6
0? 411040601 .10465014.0 -006010-0 ..0.1164;4101-0.001000 .11W114410-11 *.31koloacl-I06 .0010000.0 100 414.04 .00014 .l1016010.00 .&I004040-00 0,007.0 0040
14 .1014006.0 .1101406-0 .S041-0004 -. 10)0110000.0 -. M*oI00I4o IW0460401-04 0,146.
00 .0040.0 M.011.4146.40 *.241611141 .SAM6060 .01601.016 .014016169.20 .*0000*.010*7101 -0010170 Immal000?010 .001 ?00* %11.19004l *001456o1 -. 41001007.1 *1 00 4116C.0410
:0-4*1 6000 .11121,1441601 .$10'17W6.00 -. 0100.l *10014Ul01.0 -. 044309400-41 **700000 -. 100041 .040010100101 .11000004101o .04,31000641 -. 014001 -.1104144t0.0I .00400
44 %* 4,,ft 12~64t1*19 :)10o4449ig04 .11t)Z01010@ :12100US)06:@*141--0.14440000.001 -. 100600*o06.* M-140141000610 .1004 -.9107101-641 .1611%144-230 .01010606.01
41 .109014040-01 *.10000040.61 -00'46* .1010010"s-2 .40000.01160.1 M064004'04.0 .411001%040140 .13160*004010 *.000?401400.00 -00*160 *000644 .. 00060 006 .14444004-01
00Of00104 .114#410.0 .. 0006164109 *.160?010114 -. 414001.10814 *.19190104-41-.014.101 .000w 40.0 *1000116000 .00004100041 -. 016M006.01 ..1#6l06?001- ..14060.0 .'00764
It -.0000061 .04000.0 .0000641 .924860010041 .%14134404-41 -. 14190-131.4? -. 1166101.14,40I -.t "040041.41 .16,114044012 .101440416412 -.044444401.44 .1WIS14ooo*. -.1161vlO.16-4 All 4, A ~...00 -. 1944011-004 ."4140400641 ..00401*144.00 *.11007000.4i . 111`11144144 -01110444-cl -.0?0I01oJ0.'l
00 .?4060-7 .4000004000.0 -.401211149"1 ..006060 *.0000.O 0104001.001,6e0. .000100-1 011424114-41.044004 ,0110000ril404 .000Z.4 *000001 0104
0' .4110~.14100 .0SISM004,~0 -. 14MTI00?00*0 411000426.444 .L010MI6044 .L0010~-01006*
to .000044 .000003 .$W000041-44 000000 *00010
-. 100000001 0000404.0 .060046.00 .000030604 00404*0 .010401t00.o .41t10* ell t
0' .404060.0 .000006.1 .. 01414f*41 - .-61T)46006.1 *.o00000.1 -10000.0 001 2
it .410704M4 -0 -4%1A040000.60 .. eot,200o0.2 .101$46041.11 -4%600142.0-4 .1061401006.-1 .&0060 r~.4 1k
A* .00004 "4_400140 .'It0st-0641 .116114"t-+ .011%I list4" -40044.10.11 M.1.6.it0
.ooo~oo .oo.tkq1ttt.1A -44'o014-0191 *.00000040.4 -. 7100070041 .0001194-31 *4010!4^4-t0to .0006#oooo.0o -.00044000. .. t10'000460 -. 000040 -. 441t000 VISA-to. 000.400.
-. 04*0046640 4000004.00 .00080011041 -1016. 00*f2140000 -%W-000*002 j7'.11
vi ~ ~ -t .. "0141140-1011 .00000-0 .. 910*011 -00011,-
*.04I04-41 -W00000.0 A9111.20 $4.0001t . .430%k flo 00 :;t'00o.0 t .A
68
Table B.1 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for January 1976 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 5 6
S 7 8 9 10 11 12
z .9039990-1 -. 90 4940 .004119 :157419*499 -. *19090 1.099*0O ,
4 -.1714 431-010 *.117430494-4 .1*09349.01 -126tl4 128144 4171119 .*31194 3*0144 #.*1*1 *340914?14109 .9990684614* -. 4141444440.9 -.916040444001
1 -. 144494 49.91 .414,17*94: 0 .10467091+1 .31946131-491 -.19019403601441 94*04
1I ,09114 -.491160104104 .124104*499-9 -41$1164019-01 .64001001@-02 .403030019-021' .. 311191 .14*4141199.90 -.1"94014949-0 -. 29100149-419 -.9991,4060-41 -. 941110914901
it -4-9491 .*919*9 .90*4.0 .109009113401 -.l1004101.42 -.8144416904419 .*4*'f99.1 .994919.91 -. 1941494010 -. 194*40990.I *.21041*0".1 .?9940101-4199
1? .137499*41.01 .407I990149*9 -.34091694144 -. 16417301-900 -. 44IM199999. -. 14491*16501-00.,I1 :S .t4401410109 *.901361001.9 .134914149491 .0169191$41. -.1011 4104900 91419416 .91941 -.240 -41 .01*12013401 -. 114991 -9.4094 09?401 .1541459091-0
to .uo49*09 -."'442671-01~ .0b444 .416090024101 .061914049141 .6193461090l001 -. 11:114C14*01 -.13I04113440 -. 11141001-09 .41 1114 .50017;49*01. .2$4114414J.01
I I ~ .l4Mfew-oz -. f9297201+01.* -. 46914094044 .*28492"14410 *.1%044610.*-6190049099 .901*19.9 .90*1601041 -41 930914#41.0 .S10510-41~ -. 1,126*946461 *.31,019106#0t
it .*14994 ... 1,094.01 .999*99 .190919* 0 .410 4499621114-1 -. 106.1999.09? -. 4119*4131"09441t .. 13"17010.94104 406111#09e ..s1"411044.61 .9910.* 1a491
14 .1-11*9009.99 -. 1019107096.41 *1919, -.?9111406 -. 110149 .12341041-610I0t **9494 -. 150411001-1. -. 1410102109.04 -. S4019940949 *.11?s9041.09 U144661*9 44.
19 .94991* 01*1410.414 .4949999499o- -. 9937419*699 -*99?*4 .116"131964110 *1'994.2 .ll)944#624 -.116134164-09 -. 419014991*01 -. 116191-491 .*01946
it .7"14140.62 :19)11791.01 441-4149*124" .1*402119*40.91 00910 _111819144641it -.974149466's -0, 1 651019904- **9456994999 -. 98110904*I -. 496*104-164 .14409131-491I
*4 9*901o6cl .91h9t11 .91401140.0t *.164119941-H U44*94199411 . SUP6146041Y1 .O1)90404-9 .16$109?9949-.1*99904 *.140116404+61 .10124194942 .%1139494101
19 -9909499 *.TS190919940 *.0409 -41 U419199t1 .110749499941 -.14101*41019019 .44)40*4 %3%4912641t9-41 .90044.0 .114041199-41 .14019914-f1 *114946149.41
40 -.10480*494010 .190011691-44 .1901491944* -. 1999109)49. .69%04094"41 -. 110191U-02941 .14080*190.9 -.911014014e .1404941.9946 .192179441.41 IM1291441619 *.0431s9le"I9
40 .490104*109.0 .744o*99*4.09 -. 14071900*04 -. 7946096.4* *.00644401499 .4*0UI I1 .' ..091699l9o. *.0104*19101 -. 19*944 .06U0-0 .91919141409 .6191*(4 -. 611S*491*t90l*9 .1*4990*09 .1260,11990*9-499*91 *.5904,4,04" -.12412141,401 .16861*44,16
49 *.99971990999 -. 04110942-4 6.010.0 -.199l699 994949 901.144.01 -446401944044? .199949.41 .J999)1-00.1 -U911"1614401 .1S1194 *01111690.l *49419*
* 9 .9 * 4 9 1 9 . 9 9 .1 0 0 9 1 2 04* . 1 0 01 49 .4 2 . 9" 19 94 .44 1 0 . 910 1 6 1 41 6 4 1O . *4 4 4 4 1 94 .04 1 449 .*9190*99 -191*414.9 14161*161941 .14493091*94 A.199994901 ý*2649911999*
9* .0949*9999.99 -.144111110941 0111* *.10*4190941 *.99'**1 .49.19*19991491 .911991949 .90991*90.91 *.91161414"1 *1914.l*.11401010199 UQ*910t4941..:U 4.9412"1901 .4411151094.41 .19,412t1990. .. 914011044 -. 1ts499'19.01 -.0041,140691
1 .9"V044449.61 .104411114.0% *.111:9010291 -40 1*l*0 41*404 9**oo
*9 .949909*941 .14191014-0*6 *.9491VI041.9 -. 14494901194 -.9*1*99*440-49 9944991 .10911*4-41 9*9991,99 .141111001-40 -.1IT61T2149 .09l1-41 -. 914099141.4
'4 .944949.1 .014991*441 .114999 .4914-9 *19118-t094 .944*99*9
99 9911099-? .04110901 -040104"1*91 .91941 *.1690HISog-ft *.1~414"4444IV .111171144909..41 99*. ."104141-414 -161,10449991 *.11104%44-419 *.991it&9*9*
*1 .991999949 0941991 .194111941-41 -. 440181641.4% .9149099941 *.1l99?999-ok99 .1109999. .999141140-01 -. W949149949 ..91*4119*4999 11909 .04941460446
*9 0 -. 911941 i 1.914111.1%4 -.99999144.0 -. 944119949.4* .099190 .311916*40.0M9.11)9144 .. "1991141.46 ..9)9919994 -.1104. .19*0094416-4 -.6404144-94
44 1941*104 .MWSWU4.9 .091"1144.99 1*9'*4 *.1144*ts40904194419
V -.419*449994 -. 4990919.94 .91,444.4.4 -. %6*44091*91 -. 004144.0*.9 .,104
~ 9 .. 940*944 .4104.494 .04*14 .1*4I091 .1P21*01944 -. #614199.66
&1949.91 '44"09114014 99t~09 .91*9-49 .*9414911
t. ~ii.~~lI.4i..94?09999.09 .*l14199949 .1999941 ket"1l444414 .9l0J*
V1t9.499 .14)944 -ti. 19194.0 -. 994W %044.9% t1*14AS419tt
t4 AttI.M. -0.040-a
69
Table B.2 Coefficients to Represent. the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for February 1976
HARMONIC 123
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
I [email protected]"05O.".0 *43?001,ol-o .1061410100t *.O014O.O 106t"S IO *.Iflt's
0 .XO~t600.OO -x~seocg~o .1140glflo1 -. sg.,ooI~w .2~,gI.01 .Uttg.oo .I01t0
9 410404 -fs,110, 0'.01 ..$3450904-01. *.t1440041.02 -.,0040?g024 :8.7404401S*3t I.1U M0W 14.O-t.1110.341.01 _.M. 41101-01. 270"07104.41 .t-?00.* .01t40710.0t .10 03I2 JlO tll
11 ~ ~ ~ '"'C .L110QI4 ..*4I~t0 4400104 . 01.01. .1StI90451061 -.t,0400.0t-1 .11100100.cI-1
It ,IOI*100.00 .1048110100.1 [email protected] .6I741 .090I1-.tUe-o .unb-o
- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I t"".11504 .lttO.* .000II@ 499N.06 .I@1049A1#041 -. 9351t1401."~- tiO&
17 *.1 446414,6031.X00lI0 .II0O1tO6.010 .14001M1. -. 611164101.61 -. 1311130194.o U S.~13t40tI*I I .110260t .02t4 -.11S41020.02 SOItO .46011001-000.0 -.110241.02 .IIIS9 .6~O0t12001-0It * *Utaflstf 1- -:51167 t.* 2 .41-00.4 -414010664.61 -.49601601.0x .125413401-01 -. 'lotoI70-cl
ti .~it110 -.94310041g.61 .II7904101.41 -. 40I*12014.4l *,?.Io.l.ft00 O .)110P00401.*to .l~~ttOI41 -.171169441-01 .OOOS .1400100.01401-01O .0 .231404104-0 9 *.11444040101
- 21 -d01041141.0 -:41 .I~4,t1. Of t'1304 a1400O *.II4864O.42 -. 04SIS0001. .0140mttIO'0
it .~ltOI@IOl .I*SWOO~tI .1IM1fl4I.0 *.12vtslt0sI IA'I4s*0 -.11114100.@0 .116S14)U.CZso .oso.e~e -tl30tS01 .sen..o.. -.oz1io.01.o *.Ifl"two.09 .1414u010.fl1 -.I10.S901.1a
Is -.1441M.1.014 -.131"1tO103 *.105031441014 tStSOI.009*Z-GtIsI. .11o'dCIt BS1410141U.0t -. 11000604.fl-02 2?Ir.1 .1110@ 1~ooI~ 44101601.02 -. q~')4?oIt0t-
30 -. 1101441601.@ .'OIIOZOU.* [email protected].?tltt0i *o?0ZS .6"13604-11O *osoOII
ii [email protected] .I10141414-.201437,01+01O .10ol~t091418-61 lt~OS M44000900Iex ..StI160?4I.it *O1IS66IH14 .g1001.O *t40001O -.311113141-01 .1t1?4 .110to?*I1-t. -171160104."Is~~*t)0S -. 4 0106004.GO .. St)*tgt*.04 .541164101.02 -W'ttI406141 ..M441461.41 .4IttttCI.3I
14 4404040t41 "41?'tt 43* -AS10466tSI -471061001. .1%4t10141t.01 -.Itt116010-0 *.101A11420.
to .44460600.01 -. 414tZIOU.O *.411401tl41 .i40 1. .6I'141041.I .I421441talO' -%.I0 *10 01'I'
M41-. 140"IOU2 .1141 7.4 *91130"S-11141 . 2016~I~t .II?101.40 .1061412"tttI .01.1q.*t0I-u0, -01I001001 *.~tt~I~t~t .t~lt~S~I .116110t400 ..o?120051.0I .kt)OttOtI IIIat-g3
II .I1IUO. 11 It~~t of11041)91 .t2t,10164.00 -.014116101.00 -. 11401491O.0 P.09O1Mb.43_:= 4314 .t'tt -z.649101012100 *.1412440164t M411140100t .IM91144.tI -4?O10%894104 .IooIt
Io 64tt 0 41.4.t .14t10140 0.1 -. 1442~t17 1.41- 001,41-014 *ttIO. ..)t0416434.30 M. 1*0161t.90
to .141.144t-tt.4 .OSIttt044l00.O .S"t1t1 *.?oboSoooo.01 .bttIj4o@0.
* II .IIt51oI0~* t~t' "04I14 -.14 6144010. *.IttI1I1*,100-t .106164.C 04111.o.ttl1II ,101100141 .OtI1tt44't4 -047=144-041 -. 244SUnI.14 -.14140144104 -.1$4110444.6I .40?,q
sO .1111171111-24 *..101t70t1.02 I1AT111f10%j .~'1940 ~14 2 -.10MMl4ttt~1 .otlt~1 .IlItt
It 31111304 *.11ttOt Uh144 *H - .. 1t01StI.4 .1%. 04101t~t -.464114S41-t.0% t*~'.1
Is II~t4 .61il1444.6t0 -.111u6264t~-4 LlO4 -?1411441-1 -106M00
I . V. ot1to141 -0I =?0001* tt 0O .401tttttt 44t . P 109 - W14AWOlP~.4 .0 , . II .0It .I6 IP0t 4 A.ll,41 0t -. 0 t~t.aI.II t4 l U 'sv] 1ý1 .00 ..%4 1 .10* .,'t?.0I 1.P-13 . *~' .-
1,~~~ 1_:6 04
11 "' 214 146 411 -4 .116141-1 O704
.1 M14, :1 ot U4 0.
Table B.2 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for February 1976 (Continued)
HAR~MONIC458
S 7 8 9 10 11 12
W 4~010,41-4 -.t31`10131904 .11"094104' . 14"[email protected] .*4049SS4.04 -. 61142400.0O* S .00t1314 [email protected]@141 -. 1?t131640We -.83101210101 .41261204-11*
* a Mole5~. -. 147610.10o 4SHISI141- ..1.103444140k -dIO1414.1"0 .44z417ieoot.IZI# -044086*801.41 IfO41d .4?1030140.41 410475091-0 -. 0S601694-0
7 .I16III.* .I~40&I.Z .IZ$401.l .0000ec.I *tI?*4141-4 -. 111614I *.t*3I00It 40510O *.4410I7I0g1 *.0141?7?*0101 -III4.I .0It* *4t410901itJ -. le4!t'W-0 ZW40701-02o .0419140.41., -.1110t4,44.02 [email protected]
to .0)144 3l'f~. .. f114@ .1145S,161.0" .114t117101-0 -.ItssHSSI@1It ?10104,11-03 A$1lI1,4t41-0 -. 911464141-61 -.146101004GI .1lt4?W410I.I.l0$tI0
IS -. 940Ii5401-61 -.0111#7101-01 ..40074A."-41 .11604 "-01 .141133144-ft1 .SU&*I) ~ ~ I M.5110.* .00.I *'Z4 .*0t1o *, .ICII.. '.4II?0621U-f .46264$069101It . I'ft0IS ."N", .a*t0 -. .OtI'II.0 .01S))gS... 1,1101-46.0 .1.41@
to *~I1*44 *I?1600 .404149481-41. -.*102600040 I [email protected] 413001is .5?14.1 .41010@ #01444 *.3006340101.4-I31841 .70*0.4
~~ :31730004140 41 -421614514.01 .1413 .4 111047490T1*tO It016t4.1 .30'9141.0 .140144179.41 .136407010o. .101413tQ.61*.113211464.48
111,11~1f4* .1~1Z49-01 .4641,0641401 . 10043104.4 .161160044141 -.167141010411? -. 4PtI*#034.I -. 1101l4q41.01 .6tu141&4St . to1430141* I .0131106144-0 .1443006,01.0
20 *,61410.3*43019toof 1 -.4 It1160414*9 -.45U4114f.. I .q70041 4 41114t4 .446U44*4to -. 114?lIO46 I *.419154614444 -. 491414. .44169414 *103042.I *.610334114t10 -. 11110101,01 .:404#3441001~ -.0013*140 4e .10109,0I4 oz111140 .U4to .0#1101%41.91 el *.4%uto1l*9 .*141q 14041 H03104169:en 1104.1t -411344 01tof0 -. 401410#2 5 1104-01 t.1tM 1, 9 .1S1.1210-02 -. 914110404.4 .144440"5 .0*04.1 .04*740 051744 .3417443144W-.1 41444 *. . ...4*
31 .22 41001-#1 .13I474l-6'I I 444)44 .1520141.0-d .16374119401 .0Z 0flb1seesIt *.4.40z"34, -42 1t?003 *141340t41 .10162141.41 *11444101. 1*.514 1-1014
14 .4441041.0 -W134078e.01 ::11117410044. 1241.-o -. 40&00414.4 .3101124 *.?S406WOW*4 .SZ'104414470 .XI40404vet.6 t$7714*0 .1?09161-03 .4U1441? -. 429114044-42.132?0.4 ,34111 MIA1110144.0 -. 51431014tl0143*Sf~
01 43115e-01.1 4L3010 .03464 -. lM2430ItI. -. 1141446441 .44 -1234494*1440 *1_6111.1 416011-44. .051614641-4 *.210459 00.4 .111051310414 .01181641-4.0
0) P641141140-11 .26L$6 46*410 -. 1104144.496 -.1fd141444*4 -.131414241.*1 4044K1'374*0
'4 -. 105053404.41 .910,01-04.1 kW14149.01 -. 10044313401 U&SIST1.064 '.114160044-4141 -.4031O104.00 t-tTQ4040.e41 *.1354,011401U *.191!40446.4 -. 11641444~. .4001411*.00
14 .0't4044*1 .11II04441 .l11010141 -1144'14.lI 1 1414444 -. 410'4441109
1 11401 4111.41e -. 921424101-41 . 61120S4 '440110.-0 .1"4410144-1 -. 14081644i-41
to .1.404.414,421 J016ftst-0#14 .171117"1404 -.1014451.440114" 114301"1 -.l110,41141441So 45,04614". H9*111641.41 *.1'211124-4 404441 -. 114,.31011 .'.0'01074441$1 .370114 *.01*341-2:4. .1s174340*41 .l1t4444141t41 -451441004t*a *.2111SU-IPIV .1116lzet(-ot *.19,13.4 *169004.1*3414 1-41 .10415*4101001'454
So. .?1k40"410 -.605414401-41 IU1406430.41 I7C10I4m 44-ea 14014 .1610t46441"t-.41tT?6.I 441t4-o% 3144.4 4 M14--too4e .. M16147176w41M2,14414.10 41141114*1.14
91 . '3334116.00 11)l34 -. 010141a-4t .. 41U3612444 01016 -. 11441-0410
of .%14'1014t4l .21"llplaS.44 .154os0.l7-34 .1*4*-f .4651-4t*1100101051a11 46414.0 *II.144t-'11!10110-60 .10*446410 -l k1k3S1-1 *44314-3443
I 0 v .0013.0*31*'44 43*144 .121W444U-44 -404146$44-4 .7 .16W464.4210, 25'''104 .0l0"44.I .14141 100t.104144910 .5,1453 *01041
4' I .042'4 1151o.w4lol,. .. 1 %#413W40 1,9164440." _: 3it.4141 -00. HV4",t.44
II .41&564 10191.2 1340 51.1#-;I-*1:314 .. M1*4'1%3411
...4 00.. 3 *4 1 2 1 .1 0 0.3 4 0 So-ft4 t7'4 .. s41 4 01tt-4 .15401 00154.4-
70 .413o t" -4 .41 4444 St.,' test t .24t 1*94100t l1 4 0.4l *1 0 4~.t
4 1431511 *4.171.1 .- lt044 .14M.-M441 kl 24 I N110 .%,4~. .0.
7v .I t4147.37 1.7474k I -14470 1trtv -4 t O. 4tt. iII W.IM4514t- -14l4#14M-4.
71
. . . . . . . .
Table B.3 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMvedian Value of foFL for March 197b
HARMONIC of 2 3
0 12 3 456
0 .69762060E*1 -59900 -,84 0e00 1, M.078OO -. 2771870-02 -. 0732040E.01 -. 503 811I 630 000. -:1.91.89400,00 .44350090 -. 48130(*0 .. 3*000 -.') 0100 .3064,70
.19360000S 0. .,2204190E.OC -. 1499 05200.01 .17379$408001 :2 ..... 041:.0801, ,133046-.436769.64*01, .114361870E*00 -.2161794.01-01 .18Z12590E.02 .17576630E*01 -. 111,9345050.01 11 110178v 0 *1
6 -1018418708,-s . 1363M4 40-02 -. 030464003.01 .601499808-01 -1931,80008.02 -. I11360008 -. 6600..I 3 J .74.7 2 106-01 -.048619000000 6.867640E+01 -6173SM82000 -.07939000.-01 .7490"5600.31 .9404 f OJ
6 I .005500008*0 -,19671760E.0Z .1210 3 601 -cl .120498300.0 .163704000*02 .2509738.5W ?,1793..0*0
1* -. 106101503.03 -. 234319$00*o3 -:24377170E020 -. ' 111090200*0 .607'.3008*02 .1610533008* -.1039%Iq446.701 70740 3708*-02 -. 11791670E020 .088374008.01 .113150700*00 .18'79340E.00 ,69031010100 .7se00z4C6*31
S1 .98014460t*0 .0 2 :059,95900.02 .73901130E.01 .15876830E.07 -. M950320102*0 -376080 75648
1 2 .:4365449980-01 :251Z:070E.01 .14110060E.61 .:4:4700800-0j-:1;*854120E01 IZ55105Of~0-41 11134(4031113 W4084*300.0.' 11742410*E01 *01%640ZOE-41 -138770208,0 .1030000.0 -57076941W:01 -. 804$14I8E9-114 .6762643101*00 .I0SAZI10E*00 09 347660E*00 .35792190t+0O .70432510E.00 .521636070E*03 .6 0 46010 441s0 2 ... 1O0800.00 *1003'0300*01 .8 69206100300 .702309400-01 .11M94zOE*41 *70708960e8-0l -. -4Z01)014 .408089400*00 .393619100*01 :81353010E#00 :1?90,0100 ,o .31714790E*01 *1 4- Zak.0 -9*1660008.0717 .3z4492506:01 -. 4774930363E01 242327000 *Ot 612 7,14 01 .Z0C98060f:01 .1687940h,,11 Z21515764E .27is -. 300321900.01 .19003770E*01 -. 332067606+01 .4116S0000 .6008000800 .39744080*0 - 97)$1426E.01A,
19 .111413001.61 -.1694600i*05 .402297006.,00 -15584700.02 -.2,19,701.02 8I.80179*0 -. 7000.000 .1000000.0 .366136406*02 .97810370E.0 2 .244638.0 2-::4116,07010.0 -1170.0 .*410.1
01 .817000 -960&387508*00 -.077036009,02 ::38969059080F02 .101386008*6 ,14908070800, -04.2 183zi l .440115198.02 -. 135916.0 00 .71006O097*2 -30676606.02 -. 1396033001.02 -.a, 6966$09-02 .501763410..*223 -. 4033800000.0 :69764650E02.0 -539209106020 .17199450100.0; 555504330,E002 -. 3704740080 .090707106.02I 24 -.94279430E.OZ I .1N689001-03 -.440670201+03 .11017730c'.03 .10146 600*3 .3102% C OR .3644720*308120 -.10ZW0120003 .4798"6070E*13 -. 2,10919040803 .01970003 a16980 -,0330030t*02 .10#1109M02,06 -. 10907110*0O 160E4803 .287620406*03 ,17013101W020O .34880700000 To78073900E.9t -. 12004060690107 .4110620000C OR 164100 .1849020E*03 -. 193620000f.03 :Is 09700.,03 .4610449308.01 -.9131420t01Oz08 21606160100*0 .302!03,900.25 .61260")0 - "719""*.01 -. 174049401.01 -. 313809108.00 5.53600908.0?
08 :6100s1 406*0 -. 724.173'6*03 635227579540E-03 --V" ý,+0 -. 1167630*60 .8.0908890*3 -. 1696062006*30 .21364t8308*33 -:16024770E.03 .4090388*3 . 4* 93.7 -:35141$012000 -1068-06 3163Ot0
31 -085 02000 .940094$0(000 -. 300602708*03 6 3 .3160*0.8940 1 .:1137.3090*01(3~1 30 N35213606*0001r -:.1341 000803 -. 311937008103 -OZ0 .91141440E*00 .14123200,*0 -~~~467 8~.
53 -.804608 ,0,*07 .3094ý0789 -1949080 .E ;+OR .131041708*00 -.3694183.18*0Z .4V045010..J.34 -.96752 990402 .9479831808.00 -.193490008*03 .91201610.00 .10407440*0 1O 1447080 .,5917101-01033 .457t0006 -. 4760*0 110080 -68028404020 -. 43077320-2 1.'7738108.0 -. 4900780
36 :1,03300908*00 -. 176042608*+00 .12592930E*00 -. 90610400*0 .0667800 'O*'j (0;8. -. 4154490"1-37 .04094608.00 -. 0 696*0 .104,90800 -. 34367*08.0 -. 9834800 .10 ..- $408-01 -. 1050737*-06.
18 .902401608-01 I'1069001100 17641610*0,0 -. 30153890'.00 .800093 00.0 .. .7610' .0 - .341SV50*030 -.4I3433700-01 -. !644044800600 -. 877406009,00 .1a7900 .7308000 607.160k0.131 .1417)?68940 -1881 o00*0 .890762001*01 .303909640601 .414606000*01 .470916108*01 -. 384746130*6 .4400*0 a41 -. 441884708*01 .4Q010*1 -. 449506*61 -. 384344108,011 z? .0 737000 -. 034"00*0 ...304.606.042 -. 3309300*01 .895022308*00 -:432Z0'48.0 . 873775908*01 .8054140000*01 -.08 030~1 .14%04176045 .896 7729901*0 3 0393580601 2010253;681 -. 9907390800 10006*1 -69:04000801 -44t9801W..1:
II 4 .79337030801 .90703030e*61 -.342006450t.02 .946q93400*0 I .14'2kRO00*00 "," 170083 0600304$ 008880 -.11220900*0 0 *10582540.02 .71899600Z-01 ,17?3235Q0*0 '04000..'? 014340i-*46 ,19"11790*0631 -. 4118045E0080 .656009100*1 -048100 -.l944*06. .9430t 0 ).1304.08.0
67 -. 943360 -. 990*1 30307080 .238008108*02 -9 448490801 .145080 .00538046~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~0 -. 906600 -3018300 94038,0 -4016308*01 .M431001000 .6143-01 44606080
49 9-495086008*0 -. 43q104990*9 -.8O767406*00, " .361080 -. s3080 '.100,8168*03 1 .93176000 .43210310t*01 -024816008.01 -,09116030.0 .:40416340E00* .14318008*0E02 -. 109017.01 .510300
-- 51 .162464608*00 .907930400*00 1,800447660E.61 .66118090E*01 $.867909008*01 -.058890608*0 1 .144939108.2130 -. 33919108*01 .407003308*00 -.670509108.00 *049033708*00 -.306196901#01 -16,21130011 -.411,106*3
* 3 .0915160E,01 .000348100061 .011030408*00 -.123331006*00 .4580208.01- .204740401.01 .104 4 08'01
54 .1006706*0 .160180-01 .4300700801 -. 8000-02 .171886508.00 -.94841176080 )780*0S' .:3629018'00 -1170,0 -. 630-1 .960705308-01 -70776330-01 .7448600*0 -,484V400%.00
06 .30188940E*00 -.4*644660-01 -.16434470694-00 885700 .477811 001-01 .07*081690t.00 .90I15308-0137 .t030484A00*00 .3804100 -483**0 -7 03144 00 a,1403680 -7369083 31608V 8 .003768*0 .8132$41008*0E0 -4288407M0800 -.53J1O 0*S -0164000,l1 .13447%6-10 1 .08.4b5508.0100 .20031763-00* 1000 01700.1 .050033000000 .676793806*01 -3700000 -. 0:91060M .706080
* . 0 -.14126 0*0 .4060*0 -. 6160*0 .1605.0 .0785089 .54 010001 6.3064018.031 -.991743008*0 .1510 E00000 :10MU01570801 .95480174 08379610t*00 .63 06180 -. '66886
02 -. 241480800001 .4SZ1301400*0 .611668lot0080 .104490*1 .10656001 C S002104-09 1 Z.31944481:0163 -.190670*01 -4197650801- .6019345010*0 -.13860 m., .1580180 &06760.1 0 0003, 004
06~ ~ .S30'80 02530-1 -14390-1 -308380 .6030880 .16'010- 1 :.084, qa0180V 6 -. 247033300t.01 .634090708-01 :*10,3576E00.0 -. 10394390E-01 -,11166010-01 1 5*0803 -0,17,066 -. 191130606-01 -40088900500+ 0400801 -O60 .903661 -. 190480080-01 .3965M07030 1 310$410?31. 0
* . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 6 67 ISE .356080 -222390E.01 01 -. 474778500-00 -,95800 .465120848 01 -. 001837 .3901-4*
VII 70 .30472600-00 -.39475008-01 :.01IS6'508 .00-.04031301-01 .5801-1 .8913-1 -480007
** 1 - 1.064030-01 -. ,1700900801 .74 M,1 0 0 1Z9 6380 01 :00-0 .020539708I-08 .0 0 0 0 . 1 .0805037 030 -11 .103$ 771
V III 3? 2,106000 .134830-0 .786080.7488 01 -.110340103-10 z..174972 .00
4*J)*69 .643 :090 -0 .9105420100f-04 .1000 - :10~,1130901:~00 -:1440,1'000-01 ,1810-l -0-3801
01 , 7 -1597400-01 .80250070108-1 so 19040-00 , 8"311401 $k 7 470 -0 1 .08814 U80 q87 064 -1
0 75 -4080-1 .4080170-01 -. 161.$02631 .110600 .'M"" 301 '0491107*0.01 -% -. 01910140-31
VI Il :b,9q6'130"-t 099OE0 .11210-0 1 0 1072M0
Table B.3 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for March 1976 (Continued)
HARMONC458
7 8 9 10 1112
0 ? .30204 1"'S .0144034461-0 -.0741084 10)60049833)16 1604016041
4 o -.0044 _:I%441 1 4 37001.01 "*1$70.06d ton 132.1 470004 *64264"S*7 64404.01 .219o61401+02 01401244010.0 -4000 1670041 *004464-.16364141#01 -.121411401040t -. 1440)43044.10 .530011 31*)10 *4940
10 .10M14246441 -. 494412101601 -. 114396201-01 .27472170401 .024t60301400 .. 5101TO17.01
Is .14110 7 .o1 *-54118310C.02 .410071106.01 * 143*10040401 *.0'31'..419640 &414%af61Sjo
1) .94*044704-4 .1 47591201-01 .0 0020-4 *3147441-01 -. 030*1,4 4*32401114 -. 2419010)0040 .770)M301-02 .414151444040 .0344000 .400100 at:;%3014
U4 .1412412440 -. 474140441-62 .106696001.40 -.37316041.000 -. 50901)10t-41 .10346414 .:641823160440 IOU162061-01 -. 600401006.41 .70723160E.01 *11,791064100 A@4015414-6117 -4037072016440 -. 104.139401001 -.t1111610446'0 -. 666420401.00 .2047707040-0 *.1512194401-4
1o .070001100441 -. 31767"40100 -. 4$5031104.1-.4273060 .60001 .142131600.4114 -.*4t47604001 .446497464101 -.47442*440.0 .64410.1 *01801940100 W14914,004012O -. 1 oftlote6441 -. 16427641401 -.01 10 0 -. 60004110010.0 .1900.0 -14*762it T .7117 a 001 . 144437602 -8.1 6-47600 *0111010601 -4643t141#601 .12133601406002 -. *64144101.01 .66`9110441-41 .2TO7270706.0 049191AS402 W077674402. -.90771000.4I I 3 .010440.02 -. 344017201.42 .2712R14091462 -31426 *.71U960610.49 .. 0l*10109+411
24 -1 3t0@.~ .1107441401.02 .310121500.41 .110341030601 .203S61181601 .11014604140421 -. 4311006442 -. 41434 10004i .115401041641 -.01764041#601 4403046%441 -41 00044
*7 -.14103046436 .404404406.02 -. 5441336001.01 .141641500102 -4010404664.01 .304140300.41to6 .*21*44t.41 *.2672.0 -. 67*0.l .360491341.01 -. 31104.161*401 -101064~4 .610007046.0 jj1a44jt0j.11 910-.0241J0.01 .41604j490006& .11*0642#21064
10 .~14147041 .341300100*02t .404442760.0* .684740#04103 .1114M004401 -. 124660146440131 .419161344012 -. 0049'st0141 .3*1440611.0* -.06413091204t2 .1241710646 .1$6610404.61It -. 110441401041 mm 04144.n. .132444706.41 4)4199166.11 .192011360 .*141 *4.41
11 -.034106400044 -.21001360 -1440101#41 -.1o10120614101 .603141313441 -. 21IM10446.624 .6041021401.~ -.1679916004-01 -. 447t114106.0 -109001309-08 -.91069491#6.0 .49)001
11 *.0610040 .300140.2-16001400 6402 .10041401 -.71131410641 -01 4404
is .9"'160M.01.0 -.44004210001 -.7111113O0142 .. 411474006.0* -. 1104410"00O *.194016341-at37 400'20441 .70.~40)0.1 .104710400-Ot -.14190490"1. -. 141116010061 .1101110440-41
30 . .10110000 .t179111061-A -. 101340641040 *64100 -. 106U140106.4 .31741t440-04 -. 1041)04041 -01 41001 -. 1$30404000-#06 474.0 .220446044.0 -. 494361010-01
44 -. 40146-1 .)14146441001 -. 710140*40-01 *.021163010-02 .46148110004 .107670146-4441 .1214M410641 -.44W4224..00 .401014440144) 113tl10140.4 .11414001006.0 *404104at .104400 .144140044-1 .4201410.4 .01410440 0254123*44 -. 015444""6142 .7094144141.40 W$141404*661 .191414 17714*1 .104364 141114.4-4I 4 I .441014101-01 -.01*12710t.01 -. 481144000440 .604241"1.04 -410414401041 -46446440 -.04mials46141 -700060 -.044441201041 -. 32O1721024I .472613061-t .*21100341.4146 -.. 970117100.1 .. 141165941.01 *.1111111421-01 -. 19110144t.01 -. 1431620o40.1 .130716100444
02 .01012100*01 -. 41140031t1-.004641 .2211001 .30141104001 -. 8"40426001.6114 10 .1740706.0 .t1074711.61 .30413U406401 -.149413701.01 .101)0716Y.01 .17144144044140 . S10400044 '1960$0404411 .144i6140440 .1002400 -.1"14420.1 .110704
00 .144044464 100 .11 00641 .401711140140 .6342404 4430044 -O041014$II1 l -. 7)4000 $01906126.00 .1416141013041 .1601M1644-1 -S413401004601 .624611U41446
32 -2404024640 .1094436.01 -.010101-401 .1101041-3001 -. 11207464.01 -00106403 -. 01772042 -. 401600161.01 -.01101114041.4 -.01033301+001 M10104616401 .0161026044104
04 .234401404-01 -. 3410140-01-6 M2310C61-4Z .947416901402 .000460020441 -. 47)10166o-o000 .3V1246401-0l .071444600-41 -.110100101.01 -,7004l .0404*14611"1 -. 14441100"14
MIA10413)044 .214TUI001-0 .71170616441a .1)1010106.44 -. 446,0101000 1 -. 1411131304041IT - .04460 .04401610-61 - . 1?04101014-.0704441 AIM10144301 .. 1094314604-01
I V 0 -. '44040 .4940. .?4410010514"t 43401 -. 1007041146.04 -N4lolltll-ol4 -. 20"6-04,0 -4444106444 .#0101464440 .104344104.94 -. 161712301+4,3 .41171174344
42 -.0I600424 044 .6941001-4220-Ol I102410640 -0124.4 .446491401-01 -. 14429MI4641tI -68II N4 -.1003100 .13101010044 .11601141-000 ."004741940.04 -44046l 0421-
00 .116100101-00 *.17'46'001.40 -.14)0410141-2 -. 10419410-040 .144014t.0400 .110034700.4400 .14.1125)0.46 .740104,4-00.0 -31740 *IS.M41*4 0460 t00fibl"I.31 144061
*4 .1 to0040 -14400o7 .0033000 .144064 -. 3416147410 -. 1414441044-461:00 .. 3I1101000 .147'0066 40614440-40 .0700.1 -42440.0 -40111
04 -. M144641406. .141400141-41 -. 264301006-4t .106144446-"t .141%140"l.4 .1144100610.4
S0ICll40 I-01 -.11716110041-013010 0 .8131034.l0o- -. 6103110104"t~34040404' 1 :'1 NN to 4 41 -.001444070-Ol -00'446 .111144101-04 .11114406-0 .10044414166
VII 70 .24000M-41 .0007 t7 1406W)4100 ISMIM-004k1 -. 1)41011161.04 T010144404-411
7411 It, 43114 -. 4403-0:11604 1411".3000 6.11124f310 .000440"
I x 00 -1704064411 %t10141.01-0 -.I00100140 -1106-1 -. 4060- .2003-2
S 73
A
Tab'l~e! a.4- Coef f icients to-Represent the.; Globa~l Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for April 1976
HAMOI 0. 3[1fII J'I ...O . 1 2-- 3
KS 1 2 3..-
0 .44e*1004k -S4~00.Gt-0 .Z6~5HSU -IS41,119 U72211vot~-ol. .")44mo-ol ..4Q42t1LIQ
?~ .14?1010002 .l)044I 1 .14H1 ol.0-o It* O0Z.13!02 ý..0,)41 k0I.02 152"40101*0 ?14Q~
M o4oto -. 100tr0.1 .f1 Rov .41-o .22&21 to090 1 -:11361 0Fb.01 .6140&)& o1 l .1 *O oHiSOO)p *.1033.401-01
1 .Ai23ts 0' 0 ý1 .10*17? 01 .11*11041 .00' .fls%14Z O1.O3,' .11290~ to 1 Z j- ,43 S.0I.0Z *41 OSU* *-107404 1'tO.84 1.U4101 .@1o-0 .1914610410 00.00 44 110A 0f0 1.434 ttO '. 440*ý .~.?4I
P9.1 .M1~17MOW00 -.93400944t.00 *491 o0.0 -Uh 1 : :, " !" *1X0I0Ix *14 0i : :,4 a&P.000oi10 ~~~ .,OA O . 10 -0442010100 .000110* -. 371104 .401t. Tý o 09 GI 311?"o .011, 1110
11 -.01701401.41. .5f0 0. -.. 12942001844 ;.41611 of .04t 4114'4160ioo 0 - 2340 -. 09414t~ 4121010-I01
- . . -.111002000.00j~jo Q1tlI0 .i5992SI14 1 *u~-o.o *.SLSI -40 sos1,tc01-s nco110 .01?Zt0010010 -.614069401401 '.6SSIJIIOI.I :.Go4el0fo bi .;27,611490*.* 1141?4401" 9 -J.154.1*90COO1
#I *.904403060.0 *I06)00 - .10?14.1O.1 1 4fleS b-4041 . - 4 1~ 0 ISO0I1 41 44)b1010 % 410?805304 I.541000 It') -04 311 T 84 01404 49 0 .I0 , t0134461.01 *0ZZti0..041
10 .140fl41.1 .00410100410t 0201601.10*Q -062401 0.OL 71.,o194sflO ,401440 ??j1I- 4 - - 0~ 1 l0 .0 .4 1 41 40 4 .1 41 10 4 -. 0 ,10 ,930" 1 2120 #0 .. 6 3 po 4 a1 . 4 4.oo. leto l ..o
29 .9013041M000 .5111100041.0 ::121440 14010' 1.6151oy00.00. 40 .; .41 01 :4;10841483 1 -1814(Oto- .1644fl401.40 1 10721 7ý5041.01j .%06?
40410.03 *.1411014 o J00S34fl* 1 -444lk0
00 ,000?0I.l *4004000*1 t?0000I.3 - 141004010.40 *. 114)4000.010 .0600010 3121431Gott01 *.60240 4410~0 .,1oloI4101.0 ::U40311
0 14
9 .:012 00I .*Sl * 114104'11.z
10 ..44147 001.0 ,340416S1S4Z .ti) l40 -301601t to, . .''$01:01 t,19,111011t *00 .* 41 &wj 4':)~i00*t :i107160109 :- :a10-01":i ,04I04f .140~.0 .0II1 *0 .hiOl0
91 to ,Z0 404 0.47144W0.ot IZZI20) 1 .)0.1-0* .919111, H *10010 O 6.16704104V .10,404oo 0.0 . 04110904*1 * 3O1)1I0lr - ,1 40.030 )11a
."**04661I0I.14.4 3W1 *&1tellifol) ,slst 9 .1116 .01 ,44444 1402 -40ý. ~ t
10-- 4IIG6§f*QtS **14k)11W1*03. .4471044,1. I *.1S14041 - W$ 01102 -.6~?0.0 .40011.0.1-1 :3.491726)0I46-4 1*0300~.41)$1 qa#Oooi -IlflO 10I)O*O .)01014 *00110
so .100041 .10197140010 ~11tHGt0~ 0?00 .312059101414~4)44Ti -. t)041)1~.*00
to .*101,0 -. 1110001h4."0 ~.t0)04440fidd .40100 .1311641).004 .i1345 .. 013tS 4000~7l
* 10~~~~4 :11130t04Wot :41010*100001 .1l04104166 0?401.0 1 .3440 143t41.tfl0.4 "S000401041*~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~4 146 1t*.0t01*441 41.44 '301-1000 .*15149061043f~ '1'tfOOO 311:4I40 .00.*t0 .1%141t44 .11001041 004)?0101 .14-:400, 2413)04101 4,vHolol i .1210100' *1 40o40h 300.1
161 a *434 0)1000 - 1t?01 1030'0 -. tz1*la41 *.-1 1114460014at 1*104.1 .4l4d0'01 .10001G0 -. *410.14140'04 1~?11 of .t ot004100 -.1101 6 -2401 ..3m4440001* .
41 .011004.1 43505040 *.000114cf41 '.e~k*ttiqt~0 :-11",034b .21130I4Sl0 -6604141340.144 .11)10040 -. 14100.1 .401*6020sol 1017,*44 r00 ..11401"10104 -14)110014404 .1600-,.3b 1E1
44 .:11164020406 -. 1)'0j11W0.4U l01tI0 -. 00144111 0 .lbfUS.4 .. l0041 1"t-41 .'0 ) 0t
It -. 4640404 .4 40- -4)004 00 *1010144010 *1400.00 24,60446-01~ V.0014401atol
10 1464866404*1- .~.01 -.1 .004400 .II4411000 *11411111601. -. 704s 404*~01 -. 14140' 1 -00*1
-o.11Z60111001 .-61 )0f0 -.0010100.0 *411041.0 -. 1174?I0414t 00tS0-0 c0S000
1) 301331100100 s.41I1&4t-qx0 .4W460404.0 .4103414.okof 0"f0 -0'141*0 1)o100
01 .3140400 1.~t~l.O-1000.l-001000 51011090=6.0 -00?00 .16A*44.~4 ,00
St0 -4I 00*M 10 Ib*ts0.0 go 4*01101$40 -. l1414M01.00 .01 40.,. l))0.f *'400 .l.461 MOW .4il - 64.0144*9W to4 4 4.0 -4"00t .0116?1401440 .:11061012411l ..l01?0h01.11 .4M0 941410.)
~1* 1?1)4013410 .104100.*1140-1 M 141.0000 :U111410'0 *3404001 ,1$1040081-1 *.1ltooo.,.:o*0 .001)900.0 *?'40000) flII)04.41 ....40 ..01.0 .1'040100144 1.'"0101.01 .)10'01
44 *01 -0)1 0 a 1 -OO,01 -0144U'0I-olI*700000 .11I4o~0.o '0'%0o 10100 0
tI Ioystt"I00ol OM 200 41411401-0% -M$1401004.11 -04110004..00 4t30110104 .1000.8001IM110244010'
vi :;t?07.0 :~l%01:1 :11tMIlO41 I:t.7131431:0i .111111141-41 "301 -T01 1r:I1)i1-
VII 0 .0o~~o6T0 ..4114144M.41 .19491?141I-4 1 .0441.1-1N?)3400e a .14f10) *.! to its 0 :,-
V 1 S' 1 -11
74
Table 13.4 Coefficients to Represeit the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2. for April 1976 (Continued)
- -, ~HARMONIC456
S 8 9 10 11 12
1 .4112000 .0700.0 -. 1420,440.447021-01 .0420.0 .50000
0 ~ ~ ~ 4 .*Z100 70040401.0 *13240f101.02 474010 .140220,0 T4017001.0O -.0040t11.01-.111st403100. .501011400.O0 .041101000*00 -. 114114060241*101400
.010470'0 *121077101C 4.10410200 .111431701-02 .107*5004000. .19001040001 .1004F0.0 -. *42.1 -60097101 .1470.1 .1slo.0-4401004001 .11*000401-01 -. 111,71200.41 .10216001*0l .117020, -.31S 8. 0% - 0*4'.0.1 -404006.01
. -0.M0-31441-01 .11t304200-01 -.11464.60-01 -. 414764201-01 .. 514716010901 02000to .440140131.01 *i64ooo.I010 -.17074111o-01 -. 1o4006o,-01 -. 51011toooI- .200201e01-61
14 -. 001*061-.M0041*4?)-01 * .114071409-00 -.427094801-01 .112000025010 -. 4799*1000.0101 -. al404210.1001-o .41244001.00 .462467'417001 .41$*44204100 -110100 .0140O
24 .100401401-01 .946*01401.00 -. 5?4.0001.00 .1114.060001 .161394901401 -07)02007 :1610004H600 ::141,-48104.00 .139442090.01 .7416711010.0 .1431053M-01 -. 140kags006*1
14 oil 6*40000 M.)714o701.0 .150411400401 -. 43190501.00 -. )060.1 .19IS4.400640114 .t4~fl00.1 -.0400410.O1 202100101.0 -. 431803401-01 .070011 *4t0041
20 -. 5"M,0710101 -. 73200.0 01267001-01 -0910610-0000 -. 427104101.01 .460663042.01i1 .4*441'001401 .700011%1410 -. 114047600.0 -. 401441 -. 11102901400. 1641111101-01it -42It044,40F.01 .02*000101.0? -.0134140400.0 .992863000001 .169970720.02 -. 1101$0401-02
23 -42410101.t0ItIZ *01.02 l.0 Sk2010000$0 4 .010*40 .44700II ~.104114101020 -. 394110 .300004354.00 .014210041010 -. M1?40001*222 .. 110000-.041791001.42 .307216441.02 .401491401.01 .1020064010.0 -. 14461*10t.02
14.43431401.0Z -. 111270201014) .10041 -. 342044301.02 -. 32041640#020 .37464A1042010' .11*04410t.Al *002110 -. 14604 -.104752010.0) S16691401-01 .124044109-03
.'*'4,14P3,1401 -M1716341-42 -100000 .49102901-02 .16*00 .0704.0t4.1*4000 'I010000 a .4274 -.:11114,401.01 -. 404000102.02 300040
210 .:'4140N.610011:00 :195.M1004 31300 -:21110414 000. .*1451100.02 .116114401-08 -.4011101-020071 -. 1102000 .242110 01402.0 .0140.0 .. 04214761.00 -. 13"4501.0003it I*620100 .1 1 03010 144000 020000 .0120.1 .141010649.02
II~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~:3 *.442000 .4~*0.l .440000 0404 If1.01 .170400430+01 -. 1711644000100 .0240A0.00-.*42110741-11 -. 1.10604400 -. 200100 .146240400.00 .2)000107o.01
12 .000140I00 .117411040 -. 040440200 .1000600.0 .010700040610*04114'.02
14 *104400-1 .142440-1-.14471160900 .340010 .6*0-01 .11461102001-It -021771O -. 3167170100-01 -.44,6660"t- -. 914111400-01 -.141,4101-61 .1416341*0."14 -. 4164002 .0 1740100e -.5.0 614 1-010. .61051110"-1 -. )44 .0 .344434400-011. ...12 .117364001-00 -. 071144441.0-.1040000 -.13444574100.0 .0440-1-6002040-. 43)001.070404 440410 .21$012290100 .45021040400.0 4*440041 -.6010MI0MI0 .1040404 -. 11048601000 .7000.1 .0220.00 .%1471110040
Ito .1040001 1.410011661.0 -.13714%101-00 .161040101.00 .403130200001 -20010043 .11400.1 .107,4120101 .410004400.00 .511810*01-000 -. 100011701.10 .10403641.01
4070.0 .0402001 .401422001.00 *.100010100.0 -.1*1963169101 -. 01,101202001 2.111 114 0 -.. 41004240.01 .102?03101.00 .141014101-01 -. 4.61T$401-41J -. U04210.4-0044 ..0?71 600. .4320.1 .040001.0, .I ...1040*1001 .420204300,00 .00,400000.
42 -.2031490S0.at -.14000.0.12 40010 .714740000-01 .%1)41001-4.1 -. 3047444341-014 *.000000 .0070*0 -.040100601.1004.0t.0 SoOM00200001 .46*04000.4101
40 !1 -.4440000001, .404,1$001.01 .1 4000044 10 -. 2'00044101.01 .031701001.01 -.10450*300-020 .444010.0 .340*4Q01*01 -. 3414410120000 . 61141000001 .44130104-01 .641440W2-01
'1 .*112004402106.1,4 :0b~oOo ..o1.o1o7o -. oo.o0o1 9.311100.01 Z4404t1001.41
00 .24 M00.Ne .144*10 .1040,61-13000.1 *.400'4100.0 AW.40041*401
0It 0600.0-000*00 .661000 141010 Met?100 -. 310640110101
14 -11C1451,01-201.0000-1 .2000020 ox041010 oll, 0101 .. 0',1010*0 -10*24021617 N :00001 *.000711000a03 .P. 1641 '0.1 *44101lot4100 .102014401-2024 .ooS'loooo -. '0*1.0 .00000 412:44-0*0)710.0 .040100
12 .44*020001 0010mot0000 -. 14?X1141*4010 .'040.l .00701 .1%00144060-1*2 .104031.4 .10000002 .447000.0 -14264000 .4010.0 .10440601*.00IV ~ ~ ~ ~ t 06 .. 4220.0-001'10 144020 1417101?0.04 .1110* 2000.0-142010~0 .. 042400.0 ,121470,00-.34*400000-.102071010.0) .46071400.41 .1$*13001-00.
41 -0000200.0 -,441231100 0970201Go -. 10M21301.06 .2070-0*110*0*42 110002l.0 .l*6440000-.001010.n .101002*20.00) .204100004. -. 111016101-04
'4 .404600.02 ~460021I.0 -. 002020-21 4011101.0 .000440000 4040401000-I
'4.1100440.0 -. 01M16"0i00 .. 000-1-340410 1*0100 100402
.404000420 .0 0 -40201 Mi ve -01I0 t.001020 to %*4 t, 10 .:4.004*102,-01
V60 *~.0'404006.l .1401440021 .. 4'5 -144111.102100I0 .110641073-00-1400110
Vill0 120.i .000221 7701S0 .10200,200.0 002422000-03.0000l0
I 2 .102400 ..240002 o,60100) .011)010 .1001,1001-31
75
Table B.5 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for May 1976
.S.HARMONIC 0
S 0 2 3 4 5 6
$ .3 P4013000 .013130 .1023403 .00 .120030 .331700 -. 4341000 ..300 00.
1 ,0313330 .. 301710 .4310340.3 .....31 .0 *.03i0 001.C .)03700 0073l00* .1.70100 1-02.0 .17 00 -.. 10?113009.0O .11133061.0102 -. 10773 00.03 . 1 .1 0000`11*01 .13 0.3 .1073014 .0 .OUZ-.1 -. 041 . .110"01301-O0 W31A1131.ofo .0A370". .11 :.3,1,07300.0
:: 01-02~:: ::10ie -O:2 -.161-060140 41 ::1410:L :Z11iQ 733*00 .13111N030.37 .4014040174 -OR 0301o -. A411010 " .4071 .03 .A toAIUO*0- .017000 -.14 -910** .010053041-O? -.,: 1 ,9300O .0001 o,:,o, 00.0 'I.A330A .0 00A0.01 at0A?31I0
10 ..000010090-01 010 000.0 .0 0303.130 0.100 -1131 0.0 . 3371Oo-o j42IA06t.3 .4 A 314 300Z16791A43301030 -. ?7407401020@ .304001 .704300 1313000 a.040330 .I03.00
IA -.00?lfOI.0 .030 0 203 ..031003*7090( .U64140.0 I"3:4"0.0 :OR)300 .3300013 - .11 0. 01:4 .001200.0 7000000' .014V001.00 -.70419.01-01, .Wai003300*0 .444000-0 -. 34244 1-00 1 *742010A930oz .20141301-010 1 .03401A00Ot0 .113A170.OEO -.1369130f.01 .330.. of
" 1"714010033 3.1 ..419040001-l . 23 0 0001 .30003030300 -. 00030A01*00 .jM1 i A 0 f 3100 .i1 , 301115 f-o
01 ,430330300 $.934400010.0 -.103TIZA00.00 z.043330 .13443400 .5,1 1903000 M.010030.0c00 .030030.0 .33OA000 -. 1-000.0 R.O77S1300.00 .O4 00.Z .210000000.01 .13011364
03 .1310001.01 4103303A .000 .70,213000*3 .. 34000 .$001000A00.00 -3 0407 "0.0 .07010
00 6141011 .1403A30 . .0300.3 .43040. 0 I -. 640103 .00 .. 11301701010 Z.3716410(.00 -.033004$ 00!17 .11A00.03 *.7 400132.03 .1236U1:01300 -. ýa036004 0 40.0 -. 3000 0 .3 740t33?0*0 .13A7330t-01.
30 .. 30030100.03 ~~~~~~.1040740t00.02 Upit0s033 1A 3 .13603333.103 .1 403003 *A 463.0 .7000.333 .100770033 .01 z000 *.7070001.03 1 03 9$ 00 .0004713*0 ,3040000700. .73140"1 133 .0017?300.00 -11 1:30 , 820.03 -.0*3010.0 . 00300001O -. 0313021ia0. to .3011A0.0 .343001
zA -. 1773AI010200 -. 030004003.00 .31084313.0401- .1016,120101 -. 1141,401A00 -.0010301.00Z It,001,173 ::Oak-~.424100100.021 *.10?*0310 .03 030300 -A007 0 -.164624100.01 77I710 ,1400 -.4160 1A39.0 1 *.0)A000 300
33 ~ ~ ~ Il .033700..3 0100.0 .101 340.0m 0 6,6 -. 0A30.0 1 330*100.0 .10010003 .AI?330003. 0A .304*0.1 .0A3110.0 .037000 .0 003300 .031,00.03' .344679010 .01 .1070.0S
Al 1!.300 0133.01 :.147303303.0 .. 1 a S00O .137 '03 .00.0 1 -. '130900.1 ::40137001: 010 .100301A) .0000A4000.01330E.O -. 1214130 .003300 11003731.00 .lf0 0 1 4 ..10A 010310 .10033?..O
44 .130 330 .00 -23 041: 4001*0I .41063 001.013 : Z .1 $443 110 so01 00 00 -. 4 0 . 000 .03 2 3 0to11S1 3100 182430900.a0 -143413-3t,03 .151107A010.0 090:0 :406 1 .107300 .IOIA30 -. 100033300.10 . "1 04040300
.....4fa 2 .10"030 *4300 0. 1 40 1 0?00 , .117, S4AA 0 )00 .043340tlf0.0 1.61660013.31 .it.A43 020.IA~~~~~~~~~ -.1370000 .0"3.130 00304 .0, -.10AI.0060.03 ,1771031:00 -0A30.1 .1bel033000*0
*0 -3 00133070 -040100 -.&300'410301 J.A3301A30.00 -.113030010001 W1A74ot0000-cl AO?00
33 .446140 1-01000.0 -,0AA1 02300 -.3010074100.01 .0037A1601.01 I.ZA310.0 - 10 1310020 -.1.1 1 to t,0331 .17413000(.03 M63U w3102. 1 ..30104,00 ,3 a0030 .11't 700 R03AA4l a.3733I00
it .?19017010101 ..11%4030303.0 .4s347A ,:A"-0 -.0344 3330 23333l .30A301 .A0010133 .010301003-010 -. 333100 -. 10300l -. 7100.01 -.00149601l001 -. A701300330.3 -Z.AI OAI3 0103
30 -. 30030.0 .31314 0l. a .133000 I *.440330 :.7
3 aA3 .:7033-1 .7133.O01 .. 3003 00 fi.4 to0111000 17707 A1301.00 .157031001.90l .0A300.1 .31~00 .3029"03'10.14
01 .310011.I 30001l.l o.03400.0 .3 300.0 0 .11311.l -. 3302.l .31003'303.0
40 .P3s1330.3 .1033 .01 -.. 0t 1 1 130710.00 -. 11"'1011100.3 W.0133l.3 ,A7300 *11o .131'04o0l03."A) .-.10914009*30 -.033 11104001 .10IA0770 100 - 361'13030 . 1 ".38 1 0040301, .111,210,033l .I lI... .. ,,.7
It " *.10010000l -3333330-0 .A1100101.01 .117370000 -.3303 ox0A33l .. "10431-91 .1101. 3J.01t00 -3A0l040-ll -,4334310-3 -11404301.l 004 0.000 -10W0,11010-01 .tgo~ l 031 0-1 .3A 7'.
3 .3113171400.00 -.00101313.0 .ol 00A00 .106751010C.04 "A1A3100 * 0 , 1 0"0'0 - W17 310:2-1
IO .3033300300 .031'0 t~at -0l .313313004t ..0A33303.0 .03 3111la O-.30 707.104- . 010 -,4?3 04'
*33 3 -.116i33'33-4 .0033341-0 I .0A0332 .00301 .. A3 0 ,00 '0.. 101A0-01 .200331-
-:41"~~ 00,0 M
40 -311174 .0*z t~to76
Table B.5 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for' May 1976 (Continued)
HARMONIC 45
K 8 9 10 11 12
0 100060 .*o)110%69-00 -. 274095301.00 54114O .0100.0-14600014 .9470,1 0004I4 X1706@E0 -. 2t*71010600 -. 20104401.00 .460601490104Is -. 1774074106 $37014 -. 900001* 1314341.000 -. 510134#01.400 07170@ *4016Il .6404117006.0 -. 1041260.4% -. 071197416.00 ..Wollto0f.oo .1010.1 041060
4 .9716,1440401 :,1110OIO1-100413.1.Z .011191101.01 .14101)764.00Z.007060.1144464024100 .1014190*0 057701-01 -. 190000010.01 *..7616401070: :~~ 44130060l .1147000O1 .?7710030010 .4141,0701042 .1051041606.0
7 .4146000 *6907060* .2$11601.0190 *.40441*01'60 .174454101.02 .341041404402
10 ,.0104?0.0* .1030101f -.?1040201+6*4 -. 310146001*02 -. 783,0405)7*0 .1461171410-0111 .1490604~0 -.*09760I*0 -.19S100~0-4109100601.009 *471640900.02 449460
00 .*4100-O 171490601-4 -.11491101*70 -.1433#306t-41 -. 516130140-01 .. 10400641130-31 .191100410-0 .1077060 .9101 .7-.6.03001.-1 -. 0149046701.4 -.. *710164146
14 .040400* %$1*11,60 -X.0 17049906.0 -. 164711001-02 .I4A1lt40l.Ql -.413614101.0205 17044010 .1*169320100.0 *014060-.11 005I01 .2440.0 .644101-01 -.045114061-2 .61 0014
14*3 11660 .1$01944749-01 -7740.0-4700000-.311o0 S06.0 110a0l0I? -. I"0404 .910074g.410 -. 4004606.0104 .0710-1 .41 60.0 *06)06to -.40160010601 -444106001601 .11460960 0)1?04.1 .00 144000614.00 -. 030#00t04%.019 .4490.1.710001 .074145406.01 .409111010001 .1100064401.01 -.00I3610101u
*0 -1l00790.*1 .0919100*01 .0009440.1 *400046T00001 .073007.00.0 -.415170141-6401 000'404.1 .91011000 .11144001.00.0 -06776141-40.0 11040110610"1 -. 1*610406.0177 .*71940610 .1669900400 v.44 4160.04 -.1041o07400 -. 4001004-0.0* .U017607061
* 17 01 110*40?001.42 4117160 .10125101.1 *.14113%109.91 -. 3101414I.01 -. 0414$6561.01Ii 04 .409116*0 .1011107-4100 *.*114001-0064 -.07619*06.01 -. 145*01190.0#0 *.144041101641
70 .01110000 4604106.01 -. 14079541-060 *$04?101-04.0 -.1*044164.0 -. 101016001.01*0 .47010%0106* -.134411101.40 .11 1*60 .103101701.0% q.166141-4600*9440607 .215101401-41 -. 41901010ol001770 0 -.7410111060101 .041917096.00 .. 015%06701.0
00 .404640*Q0 .0161106.0 .09173060 401090*106fo IU*462610040 *.)0131901-01004 Oil01060 4 .4 6)000 .17010400.0% :I -. 104'a40100 -. 10547)0.1 94044 00011t .90140f.0 :31,0400 ..100%00 -. 0046040 .1 4 64000S0 103009014"11
-1.1101440401010 -. 01l0016501-0 -.1316P041400.0*?00460 .0400.*-909760
It .1110196*40 1004400040 -.1044176.0*-.00131*10100.9 -. 31101717101 .406006o11 .161*006.* .190070.01-.7145*0101 .111110 000.1 .1115614010. -.7)7497010.1
14 -*000110 -. 68610401010 .1291661-19.0 -.14049001l.t0* 1 4l060 -.40346106.051 .1:011010*00 -.404s9)006.01 .15,6104601-o .9T104490"6.0 .014440901-01 .0000S41490.0
14 .1041)0100 01070-1 ...96000 MO. .1"646901-00 -000601090-01 .141074100-41417 .011360 *.?00 -:', &640404,0100' .13T3491400-01 .474069 .40006
16 *.0401640*00*194*00*04 -. 14940 :001 .01164901010 -. 1,17960600-.94040059 *001100601 1741900000-. *600140. .q11614041.01 -. 110466-l.01 -.041I0007-01
40 *1I9101 .114M40010-41 -.1)44M010002 *00041070-.04 U1010791440.0*)1916041 .19010706*.01 .1706400401.01 .106044301.06 -.747749*-06. 44%1644 06-00 1101-000.0
00 .900160.0 .0904100 -.107170606.Ol -.4100130.01:1 -.160411 06. 0 .10to:,00it44110040.* .9047046.lo00 .S140141MI.41 .14175100.14a -. 14104$01.01 *00l906106.11
11 -01.:t710101 01.0 -.10061,014 .4!6700141.06 -1404106 *.1 lot10001 --
00 9t05136.0 -. 099000.0 .00491t.0 1o .904744101.0 -. 1001tt-019. -. %1100444.101
47 .7170601 4.W141, :010 10011.0*7004006.01 .10)09l706. 01 .t5440106.0 -. 04-7901V111 .011406. W.011%4Qk-01 .4917.01 -oz 01410 61*90.1-'0956O
I 0 x t*644010. W I4-901 4011101 4006.0 -. 1 14433101-01 -.)604'000.0 .1004 444061 *04 14601,7
09 .5055~*0*~Q-.1616006-1 .0910046-1 -11)1900-01 .1104141.M01 -. 101490070-01 I,
04 .5'700*0 4409000 .94144.0 .99000-l .00960601-0707000
* -Table B.6 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for June 1976
* ~~HARMONIC o
KS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
* 0 .040444440.03 ~~-.205431006.00 ,144012901-00 .46003044-o4 . 1404-2 4 .4C140-1 .U.010I -3064004 -2241401001-44 .0464140 ::,:;1, 151 .40 14440410400 4 :.170644000 of - 11, lt""
4 144444 .3410006. I .x.oo o... 0 -0 . l460 1-01o~o *.44 IT4017 641 -. 11704601-00* .44 0)444.001 .170 146.3 1 0 1.U1 1 :401 -:744492101S-0 .nlO oo..o *.ato444 *444040 .44o*874.
4 .04004.4 .81400.0 .444464 0740.1 .43*440 44.10.1 .44047I 00100 40404.4 .4144i4of644414 04170.4 -000040 .4 1704004*~~~* .740044 4441074.01 .. 44414 .1444.4 .444404 ,7)4.14 1004447 ~ ~ ~ ~ 0 .10700l0 -. 443000.0 -. 6170.4 .4444. 1004143*0 .1, 741401:01 :.j6040q
* .741040.0t *0441344.0 -471406140.44 .44164$630111 .6740734.4 *46 is a.4 .040 642410* 10 .41703744440 4146 010.00 .47.604 -01 44.0 .$244Z 7014444 .0 1 710 .1 .41444
44 -. 1040444031 01 .140060. . 10044.0 -. 0704 1 -. *1?464 40044-1 .44342
7 .7424 90144 02.4 .1404497401. .0001444*01.001 ZA -.0444.4 44014440 .4001040 1 0406
40 .1 a00 106.0 %474006O .0406 0 -4140400.40 -, -4040*0 -.444 0.24 -.400140.4
* . 0 -.041440106.02 .013489140.08 Ito01440 lot32060 *I SSI01 01700046~0E .46 44. 1 4 .410 4.
413144601-024 -.4164,573.0 *460010. .1420171101.0 -.11ZI604-01660 400740 .447,
47 241,2140 1-0406 -. 44217140603, -. 1:4904 01-04 -.1 74 550146 4001 -. 7W014 401*0 .25320941 1-01,4 ,1414:301 -31*076 .0040000 3044.40 * 11401740.0 ..0723?0109-0 -.0 4740406.40o *.216Z404044.0 *. 04 "t, 1 -0
44 -1004164600 -4404470.03 1100630042 .0100464.44 -. 10414440106.1 431 36041030.4 *44304400 -.4014040.0 -. 3 6420,1-01 -. 1414474S06.0 - 4344464 -141,)l 01-00 la-601.o00.4 *0601.4
10 .044449440" 4 5 -. 2 040101.0 3 - 6.0014 02,46.41 . 41 91:40t,4 :M40631-49~01 .4 44201k.04 .414104i.00400
24 .144004201014 .1644414409 .41 S *414 06*01 .00 40400 .444444 .48!1440644.4- .441 04431 70810444 *.140041.0 .144740444 9.244040 9.34 1044601 -.130037201-604 1.4044 14
i* .27744004 .3474460 7601144444 -. 721504$01.*-.0 404044 3444064 0.4 410,N
to .4041 460 4 a110014 *1 .0 , :1 1 .400 00444 -.414 90047 006.4 .40174 1-4 -)4 4-
is .434010101-0 -. 1144400404 .16410 06.01 a' *.14 1341 1 I M.4404 0".1 .740404 .,0700441 -.1611 41000 -. 3444440.137 431600 .4404-1 *101400.1 -44046 .94441400
It -. 641040 -. 104000 -. :No4$460 401 .03 301*44 -. 3t)"11,44.44 .140041400 a440a06'I
40 .411440611 01-0 -. 10.413 1 *.403410644 .634144 01.44 .14'.40 I I" a04 . 4107010.4 .04044444 *10IM741.300 .1444446706.01 a441110 I .810104 I9000t0 367464 *441624 .41:*040 ,416404 7.34444446.4 -.1964 01.60304 -.701620901:01 -. 044013010.0t .4044 4
10 -.140460 .46I "4406.0 1 11304041404 -194041401-ft -. 16000414.04 -.00 4464 *10414610 -. 410104006*4 -.664 is0910.04 is4.,3440 .134 7444 .1 004,4 .04)40 .10,1.144440404
04 .440 040 1 4 - 434 44 00 4 -. 443047 00.04 0 .4 64017 000 0 -.90 74 6 .48 4: .4 4 0 0 6 2 54 4 4 4 6 4a4 .044364 -:.604434.1 0 4*10 -.: 11017,01:01 -.111611101.0 -. 4444)44f03.4 6471744,)40.41 !.,044*0 .I
14 ,010324,-01 I.f04404 - .. 244446 ,44 -. 40424340.44 -. 64#101-060 S4 :.4644. 1 7 -. 44454*74400 .04147044 -600406-4 . 040 :01700 :016440-4 -. 4Z14104 10,4 .01 0044444~.42 -. 24440040.00 -. 24144.0 044404101 .662764 -. 004.1.-0041004 ,440460.4 .444444-4
0' -4400026. a .. 00 601:460 .014744 1 .4010404 -.6440.4 -. 4.11*110 W413016602 -. 44044044is 6 .9113500 1 at.0 .3446107040-0 .34217)64 403040 6401004 ,74444 . 4 0 10204
* 4 0 -. 761017010a6 .460400404.042 .4710406402,103 044414401.o4 .4640101-014 .44Z63044,0.042 44046* 40 .~~~47448160142. -. 610402010101 -. 3440150t0644 .1 64064 -0143s44401 44146.04 .3149040444-32
44 44604446444 .434000446.04 .00110044.41 744011044464 Zs .414406.04 -164014 - .4410-144 .444044 700000 -440404 -)4 1 :034 410 )464 .4 1144*604010 .41 o0444I4.'I- 0 .43744.4 .4031444444.4 .1146004 .671ol0 1466004-a -4,3:8016. .74 006041.4 at a I I 'G1
* 44 ~~~~~~~:.4*0,30000- :4 4 44 1:004 .* 04104 -.7 46004 .4224110096-00C 314
004 -6.044* . ~~~ 6$ .001446oo046.0 a.040064 -.a 44000 .484444-4 -. 11014.701-09 .0'416,1 04 S. 0444
*1 4 -. 445311764 -. 04'14064-4 -. 6050175044. ~.1 to 144 -. 160144.7 01 ,0444014 !466XP410*t0 0 00 .l*4644001-04 .444444640ot-ol-4 .13004446601 .3 a4444 -. 4111: 4*44 .40437-4 -4 o44'
4 .2010434-4 ,446464 -. 4 4 01-4 1.41 71441460 -."1,4 4 -0476 0 .444641004-o4 -4 4.421 0v 43 -.19900640-+02 , 4144- -.11N ,4'44*l 111114101:0 :1,405.00001 -. "It"40.0 I64446, -44.44
o~t 44 -440064 .4400$4 444404 .0106411044-0 .144isklo07-1 796140114.0,I ,4440,44,-a,4* . 0 44 4 111440401-044 1 -. 491 *t04 -144. 4701014 -.48ZA1104412 -. 4674 04.040 -. 04,90*64-01 .0404
IX :"also160101:4 :401640111- .44?lIO zoo04044 .44)06044-4 -..... ) 414144.4 0 4034-401. f..411af .310410 40171#0141~4 Its404 040.24 1§50014'-4 M.44 064,,
††††††††††††††††††††††††††* . 40* .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .1-3 %Qt.. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
Table B.6 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for June 1976 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 5
7 8 g 10 11 12
t .44*105of44 .147444401-1 .40*10-l -. 9141444001. It01 .91410101-004 .1?1046110431
a .1141104101'4 .41414600901* .0Th4'1101.*% -. 597h30OO 4116010.01 -. 3S30l110O 0I .....400.0 -B001?.00 ..1"410460 -00 .47 .1 -*.ll1I9101.41 .e?*I0* :31140MV.@1*1 ::1S1,141601.01 -. 4940611?01*0 .4 o007*014 :512$11447111 .3161SOOS401.0
of 02 ."29lt .414117~0 -. 'Wo01100441 .10l914I0 .*azo..uol09o*0 .114.0140 .14sSIO41004 lot0170101 -.44712?10C1*4 19I0l0 14*010
10 .6011400.0 . 4100.4 .142133,0I.00 .4110.01 -. 44045501*01 *.144410401.01as 7000**1.0 .. 101310440 ..*IISIZIOI.01 -. 101141701.0%.*104414 -. S1451470-401
It *14.1710-O1 -.*11011?70f-01 .1340*3*o0-01 -.44444010-01 -.01M68401-02 -U914114901-o10 .0071-001 -. 10540014-01 .9$0014,0@1-03 -. 1q1&1410#.01 .11*010401-01 -. Ytt*o44go0-o14 -.,nou,701-0 .100141100.01 .1164493410-.40117*-1-01400 .o40soo
10 -. 4140400-01 .11911401.00 .19M40101-00 -. 1753194100*0 .1841*9100.01 .48,41610001to -. P:4911.0 p -. 14444.0-.eaoo .200441".00. .17311214#-0 7443416014001? -. 60944 4100.00 .117)31001#01 ...11,411.041-43 .2290#420104 -.07104401.00 .S144MO8*0401. .149771409.0-.301000 -.161130404.1 .411001 -. 40160194I.01 .404000to -.%$4664401-00 *.224MI~01.01 .3501144401081 .1674440101-4 .04193OW001 -l0711to 40141:441:001 31? 7 601-01, .316160201.0% .a'ms1o1 o .looi0O.0 -.4,11333101.01It .1004014 o,1 .:474 716701-0 .1"6021041.01 -. 440)440l .4404-01.0 .. *40122 .1?4140701-01 .2444.74400.01 .459461700.0% -. 140010001-4* .143414009-01 .$54.443410.0131 .100402*O .1131,o401.0t .auoo0oa4oa-.34440.* .0710 .627170601-002I I MS64414*l ..14700O ..0101Q .7440*l 4)44.1 .1)00024 2.4 114004 .040100-0* ,.all 419104O .n.io -o.uo1a40t-Ol .431041101-01YS .~ao~ao .*Ott444. :* :.704?71141.01 .70311430101. .14044SOM.08 -. 0041*0201-0to .400410 -..710solme02. .41011401.00I *.7140401401.0 .106144?01-01 -A4100041420.
30 .34144010t-02 -. 1104*604*04 -. 3117144404.0 ..o0SZ34401.o -.713*74400001 .11114470101* 4-11 .4704100.0* *407'000-0 ..4I71001.0* -. 11*4443,0101 -.4104401*401 *111600
1* *.~o~n~oo .11M71406.Z -. 14044004001 -. 1714010 W111,40109 -.105944,1.014i -.241'o.00141* 1704900 -. ) 0 .0 .1701411009.41 *.01*?01401401 .1424106000"
It .oi~oooo ?.4410.zoo .t4041$63 O-Oz -. 1141*01-034* .f400.1**00400
it -. t141740-140 -.14?100400-01 -t.14,41100I-1 .. 01413031.001 -. 1141361060-01 .444ioo.0I-Ot0' -471400 .014100 .ogllI0 140000 . 2444010 .4S161001.013. **oooI0 .4)70-0 .0414401MI00 .uuu.,.e*.oo -. 00104401-01 -. 11ao,.noo-ooIs -i~o~Io .3010-0 140000 144410 -.*1*)101.0oa -. 11141"oo.42
41 -.1.004171061 .13141*7101.01 -.1414,1601-40 0 1IS0 -. 04)1.0 ,4044116101 .116 40101-400I
46-0 .ao.os.a t~004464j-.100000 .,4?~114oo.00 M4?071001.01 1240004,1 notgo ,4'0403 )41710 .0041410 ".114100.0 .011700-42 -. 11 1431 00.0O .. Ol1010 -. .* o.o "0 . 10 90 1 -. 3106044401-01 .)4 041 044 1 6.01*l. 0001 77000 l~4000 -6136041tm .0* .14*144 610401 .1341SS00-6143 -.0"?4%$m0q.Qz - 140bot3000.0 .1010*4001.01 -.46041300040 -. 434194?04*.00 .3101
"6 .1 '9001-0 .o*04.1-l.0401 W 401160i4%e.1-.01*I0 -.13041o011-41
0* Ib -..- i0003 0*440 -. 1147401 .1k614061*-041 73404 .410*04141 jl10141.0 441-01 .13014171I.01 *.163411600-01 ,4?40.t .'oaoo
.*1441016101.0-.04 30 O -. 10'1001,00-?6001140
04 ::71101144,1.01 11,1110:::l0 *14*0400101.01 :1.s408017* 419s4101 .1144041.0 .412000.01tO .041404030 *.10041*1. $1OP040l-01 .44414VO170-40 *.1§1'0?104-.1114313
14 .7253~1 .044.*40044 1..7000I4 -. 00*404 a10110 -. 164614401061
44 .eo14'saooo -. 400401-000 -.11443704-a1 *1.041090t.01 -.go4410-o -.ooo,4o1oo-01*1 ~ ~ t 0440040 41444104 61741 04-02 -.000*0-Ot -.. 0414401.4-t .. 1444*lIa0.
Is .0110414MOI.0 -. 1Il1001.4l -.07117017410t .40,4091.1 *444010l .40*000It -.447'I3441.00 t1t44l"Of-at ..444404014" .034414 01914?441001 .311,14l0I309
It 14100-0 :0)1401-cI:0 :11titt010 l00#I1 -)11303441-00 .40103-
*04040043006 1.0 'lots"004 ."t,01441000-1 .lsoo-1 *104000
VI -.?t.o4*e~g .00~tl0 .3443I0 .1,1147040-04 .10AS04141.t*
vii41 :; 1 :44i00 :.t00;4#0 .171MOI-tt40 :.10641144*-1
.1 :-*4. 44~:41414-M4 .4k%4O.O§ *.ik-10444701.0 *00,,10 *.404403141 .620-4#11101.0
11 't a9 :1f~l e :06~-
, II ý4$O 00 141 114-.' ::'1''-Im I 1 4 1 .41 "44spo-OV .71N-,100 .51MO.4 -M110-6 o .1 oo79"
6 19-41 1141410101 .476-16"-
Table B.7 Coefficients to Represent the Globa-l Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for July 1975
HARMONIC 0123
0 12 3 4 5
I~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~13 *.1469360 4.4660-4 )6444.)-9 0940.00 -01"7019*90.0 *.1,69.,.09410601 40
Is .3 M11*09 0,64 13)960 -14I10# .106)*M06.93 *.1041$1944.0 *.11S4 1*44, 06 111 .99 74946006.0 .664609414 9*9,64 *)60699 .306490 *0644166*0.0) 40%694699.1 39040404 -.1110010.-40Is Z09010 .1119.) 603664 .993*1HI060* .40126166.) .99*194.O -.641001 400791601
3 :. 1 "Wt-41.4 -. 4u4o o~64 t -00 h.eoa *.,oo0a6*og-e .101015211.01 -.369143644-17 .11 ...Z.1414 -. 61019)9)96.01 *.16190091vae .)949694046.4 .619141401-41 .91)97309900. *.444$11441-40to M¶116109-02 .6104114.0 1 6606.09 0)90 1. -.31Z0,1110101 -.91)002 66.101 M1.01-941.0 -. 400039406.9to -. e)1106944)1O -.714-161091601 0.1114144-01 3 .66)060044.99 .4940114411.01 .9961ft9449.0 -. U34*100,69
to *1I0914@ .4600.) 104369 .031411411-02 -.14014396*-01 -.1440219)61-1 ..6741)9601094::17)3*904 -.1011%4801.01 34)410 )*1)64 10990.4 -14I1-) .6600.9-9.
14 1 *5491,9010 ..040%84001-02 -41994.4 .660460 )9906*) .6060.) -3"11)9410811 .)6)301194) .01641416.01 -. &1)0.4 .1*4*14949.04 .41061401-014 S401*6100.44 .1164019481-0
16 -1i'0'91699 .?99&900.9) 663)46010) .99)9046.01-4 -.94916146.0 .)1631#101.)-.9963000
99 304069.09 .40)01063 .9)l)01*01 .:1,N!""1 10.094-0 .60060.0031094.0-393)69*0.0910 -.4906974496.93 .054 to 7 1.02 -. 1441696.0 1 - .1106*60.)-02 19900 *: )9694 -63146436 .1%106904.011 .1799)490341.1694*64 .669049-910900 .0994.9-3)6011it -21144)*6M.01 -. 1111199690*9 1901110 .694999-63030 *.1110109966. .600914641-01is -. )10 964S04-0 -. 160)96*90.01 -.10469114141 U111*2419642 -.491631111101 .1)9614446.4) 1 636*074 .099400 .4*996)964.03 .110116661-0149 %?*?*3140-4) .6317430$1.41 -.66)409960-09 1 )01 10
19 .949999.69 .0443)46.0 .19946660) . 3*3)606.1 .*03644.e) .4073sta)l0.0 -. 1094190614"It .)94100 -.199419646.030 -:164966449-0*1 .4271.941* -.. 6216*161446 .3)241too06.9 -AL6106630.0
if1 -.111907)60t4 .91)993641-01 .34$1604999.4 *.11741IT41660 -.1460101.401~ .1139)141.410 -.613241041-00Is .193404 .607)69a6 *.16'6909 69090 .13961?906l.4 .1*11$41648609 -. 8410)9*046-036 -11*1999.00 .1"1469940-9 .2)00t09 ..3?4106020 -01 MW0696469 .13U615164160 .1111,9146901
9 -..W931070-41 6640066 .6460191)6041 .6604611441111 ..460t4)16100.4 .0)64*6 10914
4 .10t15'431416 -. 190100644- 494)341 -.1*,1tl.1 .1?09)94.04 .111)364112148 -. 96*9.411 6341.-01 1449 .~90010043-.*04*0001-.493390001 .941)390. .3999)4*622143 .6)096 .1169*6416.0
93 .93103194 .. 304390.3 .4*04) Of4 .370145640-41 .41911)640.63 .41114190.41 -. 14011114441-:1'41.`11131696 * .691"611,0.61 -.101631"6.1 1439364 .0*6960)9 $ .93640011.166-..6..).946.9.
44 .94104104*66 -U 699)00 -.9096)4694 . 3496 02. *.1616396IN.41 .134 = 131 0 .14404 91.0-9..10141446016 .601)).) .9630.61191911,14 930196.) .61*6469 -..106))0.131 ,
.4 -. )44614191.9, .I00160 1369400 *.:*11 664 M1100041104 -.1)9316460.6) -. 1)9444646.1hQ -1760060 .t999.)-616i .9)66016 *.M9140*009 k.496%4010941 .3l*99119.4)
63 .4611'6.3 .1*941).6 .6009106.0 1,11414"00 .100414)101. .19 *).6 .941*$464610033 .4010960.9 -.1)9606 .09 -.3* 4-066963 -.1441410106.9 -.11100) 1690. .4191914494600 4 6)90
04~ ~ ~ ~ " "334364 -. 0.606-) .66)4-01-169*9 .04961604-414 .1101100419-44 t.044?961kllol14 699)0069) -914643140.01 -.96)6)49*690 -l"116§1109-0) *14 69406 -. 014t19 6441-4 1 06 9.9
69 -94)1066009 .4941906.9 -. ))966'~669 .6140099)6.04 .96illektl.9 . 1666)40.9k-4 .141666I 6v 1 411)Ikef.99 .6)4930)9.03 -.694M9.101-44 0690.6 .)060-9 .9940-9 9*6464
IV~ ~ ~~~0 UM.)6)se .6996.90.0 .18..ýoo 110 -. 30M141941.41 .01*0*3).49 .1*660) .63 40*~. I, 6) .1*3334*96.91 -.13494)49.9 .966*64 AW49)g.1 .014601419 .9)6963040.19 *.11tIM916-41
.. .. . I . "" -1
6' -6096'49.43 .606'0t0.9 -.60'0?06.6 -093)146.0) .calbcf49-41 -M4114-)40106 AW61904914.
v~ .4166164 631414-ft .. **16MU.46 .114919).31M )4469-0 9690169 .4319363le "I
80
Table B.7 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for July 1975 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 6
SS1 8 9 10 11 12
N 11400 .t71?t0 I11~IO .11tl?1IO2-01 *741,4104-011 -dI*7SIIZOI2012.:Is 310116, *.4 "e 112441@ *.Ill~.00 -. 3Z2""901o-W $IY~O12f 40, .1 1 a I0-
I As, 94009-01 -.*I?*4$4221 .fl, .01 651S@ 1-. :so-It *.sM0'111314-0 :11*4*E14t11
~~ :::~ ~ .39110010 Go U0142)I??Ql M.067i01001 ::?? 04~1 z:it4~O: 3 :4W .12 19,tl01.4 2 [email protected] *44411?t,.41 -. 1044'11C1.t -.t~O1 j40.01 ZI1C*O3 .b444.01 -. 141021 01 -01 716401 -. 40M2101O .~llOO.41 -11I7-517M*I -01.O.S
12 *101,31 oa40l J ... :0.1:u0 *SI4I.~ .0001i M43,12*.02 *flh14064.05)
_?41t494?141-8 4.I113so.0 .. Z8141; 420-74500140.0 -. TIGo: a 1)e!OI1Is .. 10101.:I -64.SI *1,t)70.1..CS20II *511104 *tllOO l4?l11440*0 .l10001* .116t"4,10I@ .N~1t0 t1144@ *.414.1401.0I. *1422451e
* *2 *200741501.it -. 71t09-301-@* -,S*401E2 *.1414141.4 ..1110. 114I140U5.31*1 4110.1 *.421024094.@2 01 '~?#@ .1040.**I,.tI *l4W1"?O.I.*i
Ii * .1200341461.0 -.111*00*Il*Ot *414140M14Vt *.36Il1004It.0 11190 -. 10MM.4I,1Is -.9*110130140 -.44412041440 .9916404001.0' .1-1'44* 21504"U.00 .Z?1722113t.)
34-0)01144 04 .4409610**.2* *.1444119140.Q .2100. .0*~00.**0404%0121-0as tat44004 .012414015.40 -.1 0:100 .i100002M.00 40111$0001-00 ..41*07141-421* *.?442.4t 2 *[email protected] .11A0015*2.t .*0?14 -44flI* *490gCt
.11024:0441200@ W211?4t20I4 40442.1l ~.010140I0tlla -. 9el 910 .142410 as4*1X00540 ..1*06'00441 -*10440#01401 .*1141107401- .551111410.41 *1912I4se *.1S?410044142 .207414610.61 -.104931I01-01 .112t06441*O -.50451*101.01 *10141401711.t
it .01"140441.01 .149717641I01 *.41042001492*1 .4040.* .1010.2*11414
a14 .20*44104.7so1 -.11$00101*-02 44449106101. .3*s2-0 1?4001 .04,0.lIS *.4*tl*SIG ..... .-..1040.0 -.044157210.1 .419404101.01 -*.14014ot42 ,1"lo4f
1 114, a a 614,01-41 .1-.30.0 .IIIa!0 1)1114441.01 .01114141-0S.2 1lIt
40 _112*41 %M40 111500 -190)t .%14S421716.01 .*11t11"21.01 -. 111174111.3t41 ..C.4!42444444 *1-t5042B .500144.4190to .102140201.02 140?I4 *4*000
it .114 040100.1 **44t2407141. .. 411010#24.41 *111414t50.01 .41104121400.0f*01aI11 *.318 *"a 0.42 *010?0111.0.44412. .111*. .X0.1 *.1"01410441lto .112961041-42 .009241241.1 *d'2'449041-c -.11400010.02 *Olttll*01.00 .4*0401
Ii .606410400.44 *41472144402 .4.t000440401t -. 60#101001.0l .1040.1 *2S6421410.*I
22 .124110.tl-.tO~tSO.2 .115101292 2141.rI.0 *.401'1401.01 -. 6160133f4142
14- .011124 *14422.*..104014 .10401.42IM ..2 4?41*110.42 .?11$41I.41
.441,61144-414 -'.1469101-01 *&421004£a40.0 .1404014216~" ..2604SS0. .40"424191.01-: 4441601-241 -. 142'Il"000-51112* .104C04 0t'x"l .linoo
T, *.*09410 ::000492401:G0 *6111444002.00..141114**.02 G 1l~t4 -. 1~?*0-10,1.00 Its UN 4021i ,11"14301-44 -6v240S .0124140101 .R210104 .44444.1 -4012*44144 -. 0114241.40.9 va*16t~01-40 -11'S?,11411-4*1,~0s.e*21991I41 *.1205141$ote4 ..915%141001.0 .1907601214 -. 141161041.0 *.7111204*I.02 .144t1*-1S0
41 .. It41g24~ 0040242-It .240024143.% 1.411161'.10 t"441101-01~4 U$105*1,10-12*.10I0.4 .161071at0410 .%tfl444119.60 -. 140703114212 -14PI4 .1~04444t.0
VI " .104TIASe*412 3all'4t~ ::I04)211,4 514t. 01 44I*,11442. a .MG42"44-11
:Itis04 ..1540.01 -1 *.,340044*C44 .*11414444 j.04t*41.I .245?'4421 4.6% -6t511041042 * -.114186Mt41 Ilt4le2tI.11 *Its$11134.4l
v Iti :~1I44I .221 141114"1 *.211M%,0120 -.a04tof ~ .401011.0 1 .S*lt~fis1 31_ _ __-1 .161rs-l "14110IX~ - "61016*4f~0~.! .'S0lO4 .. tht.2 .2t-13*
8164410
Table B.8 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for August 1975
HARM~JONIC a 23
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 .10:14101.0t* ""66".N.:0001 .:to " "M"M 13 423 .T 0ft01 9.0t00,Y-0I. .21=1171-34, .1.lk01~~ .~S.0~0I0M00900 -. $00.0I0 .0440941-01 *.14419 001.0 "4100100610 .10,0?I0 .01100
* .l000*I0.OZ .11"1"40101I0 -.644101-01tO -.611331041.0-.Ift 000 0.1410 *?0IBI .~iH014? .* -02060 -.6.10f1 .0409aods02@ -.t410146141-0 .316l§%411o1 3204,479444-0
1 .134 to C.0) 14133401-$01 :1444,110 o.4 *1339401-00U .(:111k, .~ -2100.4*0S.0ltS" -. 1100?0?a0t1* .101.0467CF.0 :.f00016001-41 .t1 oltUom.0 -.16474 641 3S MU 3l0 104 .:111610144.41 t lfl o&0.01
* 10 ~~.16160,001-03 1f001141.02 -.44I1110It0 0041.014 -.001*Y424614. -. 1404flO I00.94)9
11 .10114404f.0Z 441900 .117011000 000I4.*-409000.91 ..9I24070110Z0 -.8691401gO01
it -.0141?1700I.00 106I04991-91 .11616f406*01 *.110940*0"1 -.Ott1"M064.W .0g040 .310041440"1is I) .44001740"1 1-.04615"01*O .141t4flot.40 .1104441100?W .4104- .. 00041010V.0 -. ??1tS4104414 *t4:4014411oo-61 oooe "e444q0o4.00 *30 ...?001-00 06104001-41 .,204W11*41- .01104041"t40 -
% 9 a4f044 431"'a"043.0 :'1001401.0t0~ .4a010441-01. .01911144.140 *?IS4141U*t0 411144104.t00
1? .00100.0 -dO101"141.4 .%044116040.) .z00.01 .6611tf 34601-0)10 .0 .114*444100-04 -. I*04901o*i .*0000611.1.91 09400* *.409001480. .1604041-01* *.11911116e 4 ..10?tI01.404 -. 109008ta1.)
09 14140740102 .2010660E)I02 -.417111809-01 -41:01$401681 -.141106141-04 .-.94010R000*U0 -.49?)011041to .110trisol00* .01144010I.Z1 .1216301-41.0 MrS1341.49. .101311S01.41 .0)4* -.010W44o414
* *1 *.04140)0.it *.4317%41001.0 .0g'071000.04-41 ,*10 .19)90 .1641*0404004 -.I?004061.0It *0t*1600 -. 4610#4104.0? -4fl040604.04 -.t11MI010001 .0140. .1410101*$620 .?Aq218%w.q0
* * .401941001.00I -. 66M4*1400.0 .19041)001-0 .1150114102. .600114401.02 109100 00)140*.???o110'00 .1104144,01.00 -.11-6110#443 -. 71070410101. -. 0tteo0?0414*0 *4900.0 1000
it *94114fl00441 *4704614061 4?0404 .10040.04.041 .140*0 i0?060 .t414.* . ii~~1 .40IM44?u00. .1164~110u0-63 000010 .9740114#424 -$$0004064.04 -X)IS41*044) *1 9044
IT -. 1894461100041 04*0040 -1001060"e0.4 *.?1"t4lM.41 -Uo?014. .167494'101.0 .100,it .12111644*.03 .10041,0161.@0 .40ilbo4tH.0- .407400 . 10 0404 ..11#141HF440 .' IS413040041
* 0 -1001to.0 *.111flo.090.1 .311440 1-4 2 - III .0 I Tol? t4 441010* . 10410941*140 t$4160t11*0610 *.4444141'4 -fl0i0.) d014101.0" *.1"2110.014 X141910161-91 .81944AS00444 014400
10 .0"i41.4-.11110714042.0 -. 411140641-41 .010146410; 4*010404.0* .110161441100 .SMift144OIt .40)4004 -. M10104101@ -. i44049.0 4414 4014 -0447140 tom*641-61 000004.0
to .44~?000.4 .00?.Ie.01 .69041004104 .112*0960.41- .40640004.4i .)904.0*040104it .17.011000 61.0 .U065640101. .41046113M.01 -040104"S.61 -. 170"4104.0**04040o1.4444
04 .04'000-0 41041-4 00440.4 .410T10141.4 ,011*- 1)4104 .111140*4144044 .00640-0 .11%111101000 *)40~.t .011004 -.41904-1 .461 -4 tj'04t%4t.,)L *.040 41-44444 -.0401112U46
14 .114401410 .40 '0111161M00 ..0% 4004 -.40199ttit.00 -. 410tol -Oil .1900.T600004 .9100011*1 .9691-041 ~09000 *00010 .0104041,4441 .44401090 .4000.4 0004000
40 .0010400.011000. *4194.4 .141044314164 Mflk0044-41 .. 0000.1*004000
00 .4004404.1 .0000700.0 .111440000.o .0000)10441 ..$4~u004t4 .4416100t.7*44 .10009*4041
.1111W**~f40.6 :41014tol41:* :1t441?0004t :.0L4k014.6 .07044.4 .41903* 10400444 )099004.0~.000000600 .141.41440041 ItIM"1400.4 .00441194040.0 -M$144060.41 *.0090s4004-
.101071064 00400.* .0440641410 *.&TAW~ooe,.. .. 0lb440t.4lI.so.'ot . .004440414.014 .01'0410-4 -0470040.0 -0*4040440 .0000040*0 .1ta's 1144~ :t t-.049140'4-0 41Wt04914 .4t
It -044104 -M741441,0460 -IS01344004t4 t.094"14040 .1600404 .4100400000 -. 44140
0 0400141 S VI 1 .~~1*044 .440400-010 t 549 1 .0'1044 1.0*9000 . t4 004m44 k
40 40'0004'.0406'T!*%M41 #4'00f4 -. O1O%,M100. 44of)004104t t4000 .0).014044
_ _o F1 -I _ _I
1.100440~.4044400 .40#04 *.01 t U4 U 44004 *.0*40004*- *.0'10004aA14' 1 - 0#44104 t*4040* .n14404 I191- .*4014 ooo0 .400
go '0*~-t -40~404t1-.00701j*4 .t40I1t.4 1400404 1.#044-0 0 04010-
.0 .t0000*) .l*-10-.1!*00~4000..00111d 00100.0 .41004.4*8214114
Table B.8 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for' August 1975 (Continued)
HARMONIC456
7 8 9 10 11 12XS_____________________
* .1I9&11O-O1 *&2$$$401-l .t~tSO~f~ -. IIIIIOIO1 .ot'.iltoe-0.1 1I10I .1SII4$I ..... *4?6$.@ .IM at 00. 305g'14700 C .~I 4 .t1~lt4
1 4$l$ at-@ :1$Hf~ -. o :sot$ .Iil: Io .4,s39H-lt354
* ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .*ll~461 .9i~e~t *? 10101 111 0$,llOI4 s. 114030401 .e131, , IS o
13 *. 1@00-14 -.33*V31$.41 *.742l60E 4.0 so -. ***10i$ .17I1:02.3 .*4$91
to *. 404044414 .34*44"1-10 .%1101310143-01 *II33 .0434)Ui-Gl .01.6196$44013231 .I1OIlS.$ *)149.*Gg.$ .17 1401I0t-01 -. 2703$t11CI00 .70*31 .1613 11611.08
to -* tlW I.44 -01 t03$ 75116t0101-01. -31171001-m3 '14-1$3,41.01 *Z1 ?31.4 33'it -. 71,~$@. 1 .@$2$I0 ._:0igOI$ I.tftlC 1 ::!74766.$ . **7* 01$f
.97 1#~l$ 4141 -. 110413 41.01 .*3 4091*01$4 -.?I014b111130 *11410**3o.al -S,*tI'
20 .44fllN~e1 314*0S.14af -. l61l7I00.30 .3344101-0.0 .I01304 .Cq0I$*1 *.131$446 .10U'406W1 Ila1$0$*I -. 238106.03.1 -. 1*31003 .319$
3 11ft14-0 *)0112620I.@ 40 .163493331*@1 -. 1130761 4083 .21?i.0 .37330 .0 a3 .bf'@ot -. 34692h)$.e3 *.13*347601'Ql 74401 too .0 .1h.03 .lt0*31*1-0I' -IZ$06U-.1$43101:.0 -. 14,5P"a.031?$0 -1.1b4+11?0.60 h4341z".00. .33.3333U004c
11 33fl@00$i .$SS~OI0Z 11001$33 .114101.4stt .33:311~g - 44 104-41.0
visi m$4@3$ ,4144 via. -. t1 94E4044t.01 30.0 -.14ZIPWO01.3 91110
II *.$34413$. -:411*3$I* .03441$ .10:710 .3"$)I0 .83'3101.0130 *J311l~4 -H143.I 2414040.4-lt ISIVS-1sI04-o -. 3413'034.2 at ??t3'$7i.$3IIt *.13101200244 .90114,441.3 .$30I0 a.t*40.3 .bI3~3-II~'I0
I .&416672000-9 -%11713 H941-4 -.13100,40.01.. .*33¶ -.(0~$.3-41 *%1341*0IIs 7114104-614 -.3468$$33-1.0 0~3.3 *.**S3*@31*0 Lit41*01.0t 4#?~43
3$ -.491$161-01~ -. 411384304t-42 *14321l *.1011Z1141 $03411-1 .g 0.41-* - 3* .3*11 4014401-8 .00333$*tt-49*)0'0t4 .400333?0S-l$ -111?430.1031.3 .3130
14 .386 0 104 t41*401601-01 .134313 -.#16MIS0I-ot .?3s.,10441 0 -.?0411'39 01-34=.111t11I.03 *.03$3416-t1 -. II001 .S436101*3#.Cot*3~$ .31'8034434o
*I 43 .'f"fA38111" -.317142044142 k1034t00$ 11*731.040 ,*4130103411 .6431)?4$S-g43 *.3318W.-14400103 .S$!414 .3k34641$1.81 .- 1471*1.304 .*14041110C.01.*1031
*4 .t1W0l $U1~.3 111810 -. $48k3Gtl.0 *.41tt*'0340 -38tg.3M' -0$**41 34t01t 111100 -. 441113010t*? *.**4131.4I .0$4*14.14 AWSW'144*1?0 .114i$'*t*SI.4l .3&)130101.3??t4 33$ 00 .8190.1
13-*013160"1 .1'*1$Iutntl -. t4*330319023 -IM110436-0 .346tU14$tt.01.8433fIt 1.300t114.61 -. 401lt'-01.$ .4.334 10 64S013.ot30 .. 133$4$i-t$ Mqltial-olto .~$Zq4 .t0,Ht 4M*4.3 *)iI0.l .184100-414 .2**3$6401S.t
14 .11)306111N. .1~$34404111 31I3101- -. 043t#1zoo " hI.*J0"0101 01 4$*I* 003144 .1111t 1-841. -. 4038$*3H-t *31191*40412q *.4tiol4913-to *1.f.41 .2116110420.41 -.1$4,014801$ .04414641-44 -1440141tf-64 -. 911?2730130 73301 -3$3$Iat *gMMt144t$ -. $40716141-4 -61$3l#464 .t*3I.3 .4!tfg.5 .t434t
0v -.14014 -10.0114 .. *834t*433:34 *.4161-41.t40 14,a44 tot W91W.01 .1141004t1-41 .10114*4co.41 * -T1 ta19 010. .6,11115*61-40 -. 4393)24.081 .113q3e 1344.0 t44t4$ -. 1311'ttl.0 *I9.O 3 '.1461101330.
0. .14433.4 *$'38 . 4 64.* 11646.41 .141MMt*0$13 31~41-33.4 -1*11 Ioo 4*44414's".4 .1000.4-41 -. 1344WAI6.44 434434 -M.4.1211-093 1130I.2
as .83041.1 .3140314t0.4 *.3i,1144.4 -. 61133o.IP33 ..34-.Vto-.al-3 '3349to .3 4$l3.1- f34333313.t -. 1341MI133-43 .4091 0 .034304-0 Ottatlel33 allpotal41Ut14 .44T414144-4 -I140333 :.014833.01-3.0. t~.41 44**.*1tt-al3
U ISI 146341 .44 t le I toltat 3 e 4l 080.3 ,o.t~ttt 35.36t4 31'o'fS: :110*114 dl£34)*.4 -Ilt'34~44-1 ..114V9341.4% .4313-t .*374
v~ * .ti$84413 .U3ft~tI j &AM'~t0d. *.%tIM4s-3 .1" 0411"t.441
M7.1330g." .10164"t.0 VW11434-0~~7*101.3I*~'~40 088IJ V It -. 843444 I" t*13C Ho .1 -.14,M110 -1&10441-4 .04144-t-31-4.3 .3*
4t1. 240 I -k - #- -t - 4 -W 1 441 M I -2t44%ktHR-1St *.1410.*3t4.f4 *.4.40~Stl. .*3.;j3**3t3I X II :: 14-4 -. 134'41.if ,i..$&t483~ .64.47310141 I .04014*3.14 f.t32t3.731
to 4 t. 1 1484
Table B.9 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for September 1975
HARMONIC 01 3
K 1 2 3 4 5 60 .A7"Ifl*oi.,3 -. fA)4070370G .Ss7,1No :1, .1470040,.0 . 119$1610t.oo -.)U3)341ot*1 .I?1042lW4
619010 4.001114CF.02 .72"ItIOI.0 94634 M-01- -.Sko L?01-00 911 .. q~)0eo -1 of$?t4I.O0 __.14990134M4 -:4~401S0 o@ 140011401-04 *.314291"1401 *43 1 0601-0i :: ISOli*014 6.3~S~0
** *60I3)40~ .16160 10I.0l *.4qil "Poo .41343101#01.0 To&&at@ 00l0Q... .. o 14 44)t0I.
o .U1441101-01 .11?. 10S-alg. -44,3$6400t.01 .440411141.02 [email protected]* .419494601.01 .314741101-02
* -.401040101408 *.800101441-0 . *.*99oso1.o -.AZIM6240aa. *,3422slot-ot -.343446101-0410 )lh03'140 .110401031*03 -.1004714.020g4 ZI1SIi l~iOS0 .U71%I0f.o .14011020.*
Ii -00141MI-01- .O1,610 .146261601.01 .0904130"% -. 1019,1401.00 -. 4i703201-o1 .60611ltoi*I4is -It904 .221410 200010 .112964?24.00 .90120S006-at *.912303310-01 .. 1,0447*40.0016 .Igfs,. .WtI4tGS.0@ .493$f910m.40o .,I50-1 .911#30101.40 .164011l0I.04 .23001fal?01.4
11 431f0Uf .,q16001.*2 *.133064601-0 *on641uoetoo .lfll?001*00 AW4141-000I -. 050410101@.@To .1101-091*0 .391 .01.q1 *.U@'11-0S1 -.1470I01.4I *.20110k01410 .1616S90400* -41000$0I461-
IT *t.1000181 -t 48f09290101.0 ..UIIISOU.@0 .112110001-01 -.04173 .0*o- .4310001702.@a -.034917691.0900 .:1 916201.4 910000 [email protected]. -. 1*100154.01 -. 491*4012200.@ 0914044910
it s -0 , -0 :11.8941-41-.1221649*01 ,IOW080120 -.10120041010 -. 2141204041.0to .q,~,.eo .o*9flt~2 .29100142060 -. 33106401010 -4%011100.00 -U11101-02II .13061$1041@01
0' .411040) *0~'0173094 -.t041ko'0I.0 -.Z?)7'1201.02 -.. t1160140100 -. 0201t2oI*0) .51*0021014Z:1416*1079449.01 .1~ 0114102 .0020404491.0 .20oItI0 UW1012 1.) .4101-0 4.S 4018010@1
10 *,0004002 .2 3,1-4'03* -. 01901.4t010 -. 11gl70)400-e.ro.eoo 4110 -.01 00040 *go1030 2.0111001*.0-41, 0*0l@ .440001190.00 .220900100.0) .44307M00.02 -ZZ3640fl00*@ .9169041-010
* 3 -. 90'0g0.01*.ouo~oo~ -. oelooo~o) *02l0101.1 .04020C.0Z .*1720MOI*@0 .147109041-0220 .I4l.I0t-0290.2 41'0I0 -.1717419-010 -. 70012490t.0 03o2290 -.113011401-01to *t009?00 .:10412101003 .101040100.00 .21009* .?.01011401.3 -. 001'9140002 *.640414010190
2 .0049000 40403 -.014144012.01 -.914261400.01 2604612P.10* .14402141M0" .6S#0140944-42' .00119040620 .03101009.4 *.'120U@4-0 *.01012200.I a.00100 -. 09744000.01 94313
it .009.0* .ogs31~e ...00400 .02010.00* *.0001tsa?019e I*91010 *4990410 -l~400. .2t401.0 .16?40.00 .201*96123.al S.00*o%3I.Qj ZO4?011103t'3 .S86162001.*1
00 .l201101.9 .1930119*00 .01?092f~0t *1410'0I00 .*144147. 4 u.*0210 .151111341.01I0 .90$6141794-1 *.114440.4139 .10?4%4tS000. -.144216181.93 .02104 .iollotm900* "74019141.04
9 *.161906101.00 -4111-444M.00 -. 167160001.00 .100390 210*020100 -.20*92~o04004 031*00'2 .0099000 *slets00$*Oo -.199491101.e p991*414.30 -. 1I0241-0020 -. 10000000.4 -. 1604fl010"~1
So .0001011.4CI 40000'0 .9,490 204664 .13130* .416101-4t00 -. %M% It034-14S1 -.:1, ?401.30I .14"01049.0.0 0'04I0 *u010. -. 10009,2,l00 .040021ta20* .0420109.3-00
49 4111114".41 .0400108100.1 .311*16t1-000 ... 0?91740.004 .63490001.30 * 2)2003 .111224109.40 -0*4020.2 .. 661014100041 .0910,6041.40-1400.t 4oo~.o .011t*14104-o 01111
44 *.0004 at .. 120 909 -. 104114001.01 UMMI000.R* 41i"MI642. -M-.110.01-4 .01121MIS90.4 460011026.01 I.0''t0 so &400I0 .20463*I0* .193 -W629,3104. -. 1)00*040410
00 .01I000.1 01~1.0 *9',l$I0 .01216000.e44s .4011,f04t.01 .11017114.10 -:21 I 04.10I-i
itTo q40t0t ~4 21103 t 20014 .1E000. to 0o)21* .91 011'q )1 a a000! V 1:0210 11I 1.401000 ..01 to20l 29'19N %1#414.W10009* I.*101300 .o21010144
I0 N40 to9410- .. t*1604301.41 .9090 .44 .9190000.41 .*o203 1*.s 12"003.Dt .3461-01124143t ..90100 149040tlf.1 .. 00004 0)40041.09201.1 *I 94.1 -. 0p021.09#1.0to .. 0101* I190001 .00900090ft*.1110341111.0 -.l11'11.24.01 -0.011%014041 , f Into$#(4.109 .0620..IC .$091.2 .11"60 ..00'24* 1.911.1 tU .. 91204.00 .140000.
is .0914.?18-t4 kM041M.Co.4 .90.14 Whis"4 . )$~{t10I*uoooo . .41104
.0199.l-02 .)t940.40 00l.10l ..111431, *.-t100100001 -.40010ttlot." 020420l
It It .2-2 t -9- .1MU
-it ..0400 .... o f It I II I. .04 "11.4 It .to.01 "I.0 1.%141 a091 Goo4444t .290 .4vII : .-2900tM0-t0 '914~ .0*.10114-0 94 .1101-tOOO0-H .001l4 1.1110,41.11to-6.4
f-4 .11 .441...-
Table B3.9 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for September 1975 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 56
* __K 8 9 10 11 12
C~ ~ ~~~~g *IZZO10 .10@*@.40T)11.00.@ .I~fCI .11;S10441400 .. Z1a0?t'0S.Ca94 0.?SwFC "to~1@I@ .S3434*141.40 4*.'CIIZSOS.) z-.)1L'ZTOFoo .Z467411t.01
* ? ..Ot4G14bC@I01 -.1071164I.42 .4)0?0.1 ".'4TICC.a% ..OW*,014V1 _.Mob1041010* I ..104001004*,0 -.?l4II4OSVOI .$1774.10I'a -:.l1248UO go,.50*0 .1VCI
* .tI~~~flM~~t*81 I~t~lO 0.0f950 .01I!0 [email protected]?110* oe .ooz~swg.z *a1,441. 3$44623?01-0t C1 ~ seC .iuoS01401o 4.,11W70131*0
-- -1174,119005V41 -.I7u8 S0.C *1f1401 *C041 .....II'I.C5 10004P4QI01-0 W0600?2.@
to .10Ml994S1-.l10160.)45341 SGd~ll013301o .IL10310 1 1.0 .)10IC101X.*&I .4106,15.4 g14seIl .411eto .,4taI0 -. 1101114101I0 a5?1l3
1* -44iC*014Ol" * 'It0021100 -.16194601-414 .347M#1-01.0 tA1oCl :l.0-o1 ItIi..
4;411410941 It.1 -0 .1714440.I .t4 4 -64.O .184'* b1Ict3 M4S%?01141.1 W4I10'24-02
1 -. 030 40 .tICO41ltofl IN *a,, 014? *.O @ 1I.03 .... 4? 01-C .1111114-0147SI *g~ltl~f3 *0036t4140 1441010*O1*.&04I020I00 .:1?0TIO 00 *.0493I.7
04 .II&1400.? -. 114104141410 .194 1414040 .I43at0 .CS101.00 1 a.C44.3ts4sove *.111Z5 -tes .04001e .11,t644to -4 *dis4141-44* 9.%341101.06 .S71~~
10 .flti1t.tlo -a ,Z14'I 1t0 *.140781'0I@ 1 481411 11I210 .4440.C' .14431054 . [email protected] .4441 6a -1040 .&IZ144441.0l *.Z t140M 03o .5l1411111.@l
It .i.441414@ .)14*10 *iflt 9W+1 .1"611641-04
-$10770IZ101-01 6P34 of511.0It .t44; 4 ,41S .41264041-02O -.%141114I41 .3-4040 . 4104*2 at@ .)04641S*4
Itslb,"C4~4 .314410 -. 103". dd 1.1 .Itl490'C1 01 :,130154301a .305340 1.4 *441141t-14 .104@1l1410. .14411001-01 .3tl-0-.C10*4 .44&lI0
4 196413??f .10*14?I46.0 *.-01 'It-oz .4?41.010 _:1$0141-01 014644.3.1
IT -. 40194.101.*1 .t1ZII4 flT~4 ,0I40014840 .t31.0,0 at ?144144'
Is -.ti4*0q .3UP114136.1 .44304 .11413*.'Is00 *643.I
to -.4104334004 . .1t621)141 .01 .31114114*4k 114?4.I .31441 .91140.1312-014 .4.0041 ".021 .16914 31.140 .1 4I35t .. 046461 "I t 1SCtI ..tll4S.
0- ..04014,41-61 .61?4?0,140 614"14301-41 .113400-41410 .441"6312104 1k 3 4 2
is .0*611to-o04 -. 4004414"1* *.1211441c0 -. 1944141401-01 *.10,4$0 -W,1411411
IA -.:250414 41-61 -.44 314W 4460 -r1417494401. .1044,11101-I *.14'-II'1 .1100O.-14.
It .41440.'00410 .0040-3 .11141O 1t~0 1 .11011001413.4t5404.A -:7 H1 440l0 -1$9194140004 .111 10 4.40 11141
68 "%0,M0* ..40416610-43
At .90I166144-414 .41tilla4010* 914,1UMS." WINC4t04-06 -f44.1till31-
A~ 3 * 04 S 1 1 ~ 41 4 " 0 1.02 *4.1 0914I,.401" -I t~ 0 t."5 3 *.l 14 t 0* *.-fl l 4120 0 01.41 4t 4 :4t 1 .3 34C,
ittU14-4 -1 6 101~.0% *.0.4klt U'P4..I *.0# *14_________
to off-of .~~~~~~10 'a-k I 0-1-l otv4
64 _"14414 -111110-1 .1042tf41-kU~at3
.7.1;
Table B.10 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for October- 1975 p.
HA9MONIC a 0
0 2 3 4 5 6
~ I0~75g01-.tflZS.G .121614001-01 -.1211931O.01*-00 aoio -.904 50Zli.Oz *1 $4 110, 0QS .14,?s11?0i.01 .11110,41t40 .20SM9W1.OO *SC.0 -.04i0S0.ol -. 1ISON70E* .1 0411,4:1.e1I ..lot '471 -02~ *1 .40P.@ *.193710gU Oit .471262401.01 .10704890t.0Z -. 1702lo ai0I.Q .14t*1411201-0
-.920154 e .o toS? 010 1-0 .1044301-S01~~ -. 0?0912001.01 .4*31b600!.l ZUZ44970tol -.121177901-01.1401,10,01- 1 % a:*& "16*14.O -611414001-0? -Z*UIM141Q 2 -001:1OZ P#Mlot-ol:O -.10176614-02
*.? .176034241.01 t 1MI1 .0S0Z8040 ~ 1)S *01.01 .110041901.02 .5!1.44*01.01 -.253011101-01 .111199"014,S -41)t6*0i. t .4I4*01.04 -. 141210"1.02 -. Z?1?zl40E.oz-.07 ).* -.1*11966001-0 -.14304014@02
* -tesOSt~l-4700h~t00 .1f0000101 .*?0*1O~O0-.30151640E.02 .167k0hfl4010 *.*ns04C..oa*10 .1139400@1-05 -. ISII I 101I. (t .040951301.01 .11107s*00.0* .54677MI05,0 .915490M040. *.04019301.31
t1 0461441?00.42 .102611244.41 *.SZl*0101.01 .611014141501 *041130901.0z -.7*5505005.01 .110040400.41
It l~*14*.4 .~f)?@I01 .134406150.01 .1010501CE.00 ."41013101-01 .4061114501-01 .141020"4l.101 -#t4?5 .11,9517961-01 .11404710t.61 -.110746009.00 .)51134790900 *.71?3?40t0-01 -. 7416304050"14 .*114,401-.I00 .l0f@@1 .114144001-00 -. 46421114of00 M6121041-01 -.100542201*0 .4 0143S0ti7 ,4s?51310.*0 .7910412001.0 .00051505I.@1 -. 712MMf01.0 V93844U01.00 .0)935551 .41454005
14 *5*411'0.10 .51544000t-e0 .1vellflot.l1 -W$4050101.01 .5 .oaso ..44344s0100 -. 61500.I441oAS1s41o .,o -oso .964331001.01 ."?5)90401.04 .167210101.01 .04?5~ ,074'10 501500
05 .1111491040.1 .110630101.00 W03301so." .4t6S4)30o01..l -t.404>05*01 .16461slot'00 -10$9!0301-0111 .S4)551I.C5-.t10184l41.0o -. 216039701." -. 344619101.00 -.olSS1o~el.0 .011)030M.01 .0401@
f$ 514*3601402 .?151.401.0 4$4041O .17tI06001.Q0 ,.4)15451"I0l-oz 1SJ0*~ .6%320200.31ati o~~.o .* 45 -201ttnotost -.13004)74101. M31442oo.42 *1441S014t*~?*1~oogo
00 .10444201.0f .1 15.4 -. 104514605.03 0541500 .7)10 -. S10*F10 4604144100Ilk ..el17,',1.-02 .410740.0150 -. 114051600354 _14 :a~50* .041100.0*-.1105.. .05s45
-. 01415441.40 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 70 -1304 oz)11550 :15 -. 5'0Z050 .llfli0) .1101600003)1 -01.*50~.50l0.0 .51.40.) 101070 .1097047*.1 .0?44., U010643. 0i.10405)0155 * .4512601-10.
Ito *1*'051 lolllot-ttl~t0 *.512MM"I.Q -.&M44740I.0 *.4144t10545 .451iI1a505.4* -A150)1054)ze .4011tol0.4 I .,$I t 54*5*O0, .5110114cf*01 -U161M54400 -. 215141901.0) .1030454.01.5 .11411v044014
04 1414:101-01 :154441110f-03 04151 .1000.0 11555 445550 -.354111.00.00lIt *1'0150 .454054 141154 .55050.7 .SIM)010.01 -23M%041-05 .44051041-05.
05~ h *41*503 -. 41454.4 46*1010501 .63029434.01-0 .10 50116041.)..0.. .40 55031 -1441050 .iof02 44500 44415 .104"4)101*0 .41005*I-2050.0 .74115
0'. 5515*054* .004405.41 -011050 .441* .Z040470014 .10445.).5105515 11115.5 -40)440050:01 .4410.1-tZ*S50 -. 9"S410705.*1.0''150-110
1? .0545405.00 73lV.110-00 -100054501-0 t!4?01*j 91-0004-040 .71*143t004-o1 -.1$4706704-0051 54545.4 *10101"ol - t$.11?4110015* -W 00140F.01 -. 91NO41I.0C- * 1574035.0 .060205705.cc .511 " 4e0. .IS10s1'5.4.40401.51 -.4~45 -. 10104 .530004 a.to I " t -- I44 -. 414**40 .1104055 .15405441 .05It15C -.01M1511.00 .10011110-04 .5515050a" - 4160455501 .411$'1646141 .14051540154 a.*I It15I.0 .. '070 . 00 -,sss4ssoO01 .41WI0145.1
4) 1000.S .0004 -.11014U0 .1147555 .136%050 -. 07051.01-a ..51W5M101041 405440005.07 .1500l.1 .01450 01*750 .050.0-1*llt0 .1)#09441-41
*1 1C5041?** .5434l*l#o .l~*01*t.0 -4MOW.01-oz -. 111e45 -40* -. 2405101ft0 -. 11441611.41At 4 -. 7050.0* 1400.1 l051s -0151141,440% bopto *0".15 0 ,I4'1W05.' .1415I 5 -.41k4'550f.5 .1.4050 o)~ 5?540 ..'ltI10*0 *140425 .11U-41101-04 l0100l
41 -.. 15*.1 '570l*0 -401W~l.49 2 14.91.7 .4010.0 .7100.**10015ts .50101414440 041, 4%15#01 *.1104 1 al41 *.4440M C1.05 144545 *5 1240455 05 ..l'505tI541-0
*i ,~t5l1)545 ,011*5f41 02l44*0-1 451'41t4*0 .0 *1. -. 11totaw0.0 1.-1*313.10*4
16 O~vtl-l 4ta.t-t-It"~qo .05464107-51 .0% 5 07. .1141410#4454 .144115740.41
1: d115041:tllt0 Mill40:0 :175 414: :th-sloelf.1 t.9~tt41MI-4 .:S:4:50.44
1 1 -147040mot1 j .7b'*l14'75-*l .0*44 .1~I0,567"t0 .. 100014ta." -101Mj. * *k0l5111,1 0~**0400 -.9111t4500I.4t .010 01140M .31.51.0of 4 .44c,13.1 ." -. 501.0*5.05it a .0't-h 1411544,541 ..50.0144.4. .1 Wc *I5 :wl.10...t7 4"34405145 ,5tt*I-4.9
I v $ ... 1 - I',,t 86
X. 4-6-
Table B.0 Cefcet to Rersn the GlblVariation of theMedian Value of foF2 for October 1975 (Continued)
.2HARMONIC 4 5 8
S 8 9 10 11 12
1 **~tt0I.0 .IOSOOO.00 .?tI~tS.0 .14 t.001 17 10#504-91 3113SOO.OI*0t60:2 .4140001 .11091440 .@1 *OIOS01 .1064,4009.O*?000I.@ .,t061 *jII0T@41 N00.1661191-011 .4117391061.60 1 100#C~1 .0 : 74201?4.40- .24344loI*
0 .tt?10014 *0104041 0140 [email protected] .910*11100.0 ....13440. 0" *Z -I001*V -.61, o~lt~ -deta% g@ "I 110 -76741-00t4 .11?P04 *.117404?GI01 -. 6016*901.00.l
It -. 1l?0.02 .069140401.O -074M61$.041 -. 3110P140.0 .lh144110 314 %66l*.)a~01.0210 61001-42 t%4.o66010.61 .0OOSO*1004 .70641141.00.0 -)$3"6409.01 .1051410109.f
11 -. 404111 1402 *.il94010I1tII .*S134201-01 .101113001.tl -. 3011'?'*.01 *1191I~
It .803 TO:I-Of *1100111040 -. IIZIS4IOO.41 -.5114144F0.41 -.29911W.01 *lf~G.1 -.00101194441. .1214T1W149. .ll~~t 0401- -. 107510100-01.30)lI-d1 .61114701-01 6*444 41 - .10 4546341-0t .)611f- 040114-0 .471101 *ZOf.0-3@ *.41Z1"aaq.11
1? -. 13411110-620 -.2164010,041 .171379441-01 *.44A01?GP41 -. 191SM41.00.11441I0
it -.S4614364-024 .3144)10481344- ~ h,41 .1tsla .144031O0.oo *.1174190"0. ZS?~10?Z3I-a2is 2176734964-02 ..- te l.6"6491341-61 *.721040$lRl.O *4010.t.16004746Po)1to -. 03490404#-411 W61001010.4 -. 501t434601.0 *87414'1-!0.*411001 .01so" J1 403,24104*~ .013#3404-01 .701107011140 .144"1 . 1079.0780.00 *0541711041.01 -. 411 2101t3SI 6 I : .t." . *30194 *"00090O HIS= 31"1964 0 *.0123"'01*61 .5 Otite-t -. 11444441I.0~to *.106144444-4 .04114141-11 -. 1vi"1441-6o .14902157100. 10?164 .u'4.1141 .119"414040.> -. 10441.01141t -. 6904101414 -. 14091101-41*0 .ko4.I .9101U
to .~t4w~ .4336161640.P .tfa"Pl00sg* .z.12401oo -0 -V173001-4 .% 4441UI.3tto #1.*21-01,00 ..)?0101W.000 -. 911044"P1 .09,00.68.4Il.IO -.01390113 .04to 40tio119444o ,9%210s4W0# -. 114,60470192 .4903321-902 ) .110016041.01 .41511W0001.
Is -.f1900 410406 .0014t14 -.0341t4ts .000014.I It4.1940 01.01 *.102,ll04l.04II *44t041-014t .149010401.*0 *SlO78o1toII 0443019041. .14ll03W31'211? .1,1406501043 .400111 .00t0O .41402181-01 *lt4011'fl.01 0019144#01.1to .941444 q W $?6t$$t .09900.fl .0Ic?90410 -. 0t"90W41.0 *.261340,3101*
34 -. 11Th9041014 a,9?601-91f964 . 440I )104040-?7o1Io
it 49134449441 -t001,1101-61 -.*101161-614 *.51430441-01 .10'04ti -@1 -410431-4 -. 1971414041-a -. 0414004 .
11004079I-j 491700,4.42-tt00II 70.
..1 .10~44P.01 A.106514 -02 .100000102 IS *061 ?1-9100 .0111.4 .A913*00 .146071=442 00300. .1910?9246.* 017f0 .41%441101.a .1901~4s4-01o
16 .3#1*1400441c -:46104644f.41 *.0091410041*.)109tl o'ilIe3 .)374.2II 0 -dl 14MI4140 .'1)84 .1041S414004 *0600101.o.U-1 oo7oe1o
-l.114003714141 *.6"10140461-8 .104109?.I0. .4101671010.41, Mro0o~o .64.0A'9:I.0 *.3630194444F.41 11W.0 .o01,I4 ..11M. 4169~~ -.09411411-4 .74oL6b1131.0
-*.1101190604-4 .3.00113001. -. 1t4*11M.00 .031712430101 -.'40fl'0.*0 -1044441.-301 *14040014 .090flt64l-.62414016041 -. 1141IC011ti .1714401-13.-1 *04t,11'I*00734410464 .11,11610.164 .).016t WMA103161 .411,vis41.01 -.044031604q.a661141'010004t -. 1114410.01 -.6V418411.77..10910.I .3404 -. 400-164101.3
II ~ 2441fio 14441341 .71900 1 -. 19131944 .3S119)04I1 .)*1'0 IM3.141 k16q4,q130401I oi-e.41 $61193401.41t -.UmTlOM3-41 .001100101.U *.l'o'40160.1 *O''bs
-:*S I v atI :4IlT'S11.U31 :?*l1~tist4io .41.411.-414.0l01.*010 *0113341tal - .04961'4 .94049 -. 14446104.4% W01 1040.I*.0% -tW11464)l
1Is .6001170114 .t0lt44-4 .~30$144111-0 -.360000000.00 .. 9030# MtrttofoIet
stI *710111600.41 .0s30106g.4 -. 41,4101001-0 M11934 "%01I .1.0046%0)47o *. 44 23:t4 4.0144ott"e -. H040414ýq .610404414.4 -. 144*031.S46a -1300100.90 .1t101.IV*0004o to41%.144604-0 .1#10491941.0 -14410 3t4"1 -44 4.98 ~ - 1240t
Al .409010,.0 )031610.4 6141-44,91 _.Wt'1? I-W.1 .90A%610,I.1 .104:7709,1-
-44v4.4 .11ot44l4I4 .1W04".t04 -114t1t404.4* * - 70000.149 .3.0t
A*4*14 -1 4-4
101144 .t¶9600t1 00'01704 .004triits- *.il .0t *.t.t7.tt
v .......... ....... 11tit-t 014rtl
I - .P01,41. ; J - W 04c -.*4t *v -;t*.t
. .
Table B.11 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for November 1975
HARMONIC123
-S 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1:69110 .?~iIqc 1740041-01 .1@,SI1:I00 :.,fZle1ot.O 1U~ltIo .UOS IO1 -0 Z?6IO.1 4dOAlIo 45*tAIO .3Z5IIOl .1tO CI Gol M2ZAAAS .O1 -2 19414
* * .IIIeAOI@t .3e1834441 *.41u-e.2 -.114904001.01 *.352?8IOAO2 .I8A O C .:10230S4A.10:
1116401, 1.O .*,Oh.01 *.2010?2IU.02 .41104390.0t *d?**l a'O2. .1,gOt OR 6$9130401.61
* a .'l1'U.1 .0l1430010.02 .1061N.4I-ot *.1t4A4Z)CI0 .. 4400150tO.02 .nsUufO .*41)'C.* ~ -.1811?1OE.1 .d&3A11Ol.Ol.6?O??.010 .4401U$*t.ot8l ?jkjo *d1*(OR 1l)3t8 11Z~0.0 *? 1701-I01 -.163~~4P11010 -. AS*0p 0 *?fOIO 1*1718 -175ItO 10~AI4
*:41Z-40010 :f.14019201 :? 40 set-ft .211800, 2O M4 7 2aCI0 zSA2000 ftl14-4E1it .I'4*84800A4* -.660410018 02 .871141804.02 *.116*047# t.*1 OR .11144Og.OO0 -. 14*e03oeO101 1*??0.1
.140H1*I0.O1 .1O*11$170.O0 .lA1$411001-61 *.tA40914601A40 016104140eQO24 .3.676120001-01O0 .640111400". tI :43*~~t~~iQ~81 *:40*?OzollZ150 0?Z O 0 11516401-001 :,lt~~SO 4:"lfl@I* . t1I00IW * 08100-61 .l tA~ Io~ * .)0 Z16C A81~I9 *.4461-0101.00 *3.Igg?401.qZ o3.? 140hRo3
V0.Z 03.1018S .. 811$4110.04% *.)1'8)8I.49 -.231ASS1GI.AZ .310??IOtt .S37*iIG .,tO IQ1' -.43011`140041 "527041-41O .7*3A8801804 -.4%A M01-01. 1.S$0190.E01 .OGZ00 .)q,889
to .11126694a.41 .214812101S02 *.33"79181010 . "1, tiCm.O3 :11113100. 01.@ -.*U3O@IIA01Z -.00114:20"1
U . 0t' t90 .O .f" M I 0S 4 ;. S 1 8 U 0 . 3 2 1 @ . .7. .1211 $*I*0 *.111 740 1-0I 0 *.144%0 106-01Of8 ftgt l.O. .1 34t-41.0 .43314310F-01 -. 4ZZ719 B.1 *totloAoa .*1f12.Z *loAl~i0
it .Z10f,1141-0 -. 39t'043.O [email protected] -.3.ISSI*Ot.el .S.W4e01.4) .63IA179Z749-01 1t~.4
it, 0UU ,o .@*'A 4 -. 140144UI0"1 -. 114*t)67I.Ol -@A 11* 4. OR X6601-02.@ *flS?*?OI$4 a*
is .Z1tI*34401-1 .71014041.01 -.1111001g.41 .10419170I.QZ *1tM441ZIoi .t7?2a3.Z -,1#~l0
14*.'"[email protected] '.t oo",-3 -.140?.101.03 -.IA1*3191401-34 .*3I9I .)31164104023 *.11441001-03.
43 .StI#.. *)AItI0 821.O.I -A3CIIq tU?4)3IQ -. titI4 ..A3.)[email protected],) .9?AttAG 00 00.at. .ZA1O11401.01 -.104140101-3.3 -. 100,4143..I-01 O HI.. UI 4H i~'" ,; ".*a"O :31)111 '. :l?:3.I§ :it.S.l33 .
'I - 41011W.3.1 .II141. g.t t 1 .IIASS~ 1j0 1%UA00.3 60.t3.t) :of3. t1. .11312110.t0A.94 te .2~sI99.6.t *ds'9'10414904 13A,4. .1109 83011 )3.117,31,01.01 .1 1.9.. 1&t'1A...#
14616S53..t1..8 *.I.8 .64.9 -W016AI.9I t~l'.4 *.-44.33 -. AM4661-3..A93 .ISNI*ISA4A
II I?0it*t.4 -.0 1
1 M~s .. 4?t'41.*3I .AAJIO9fl .10-10101-3408 .1.1A39tt?0) -U~t074401-0
41 .89100981.4 .3414632939.23 .4616, W W4 I -. 430W11394441 *.tl..?0*S4t -.e14644$04.43 -. 9MI4.t1444A? lR*.tt93. .1.IflA1*~e : 000(4 .01~3 .14.3.2' ZO3.01. .A2?totlt3.39 .41?I1 .441#114130.3
* ~~~4. -. 3-9)4 .ilA3YU .~.159A1t9n41-*0 21:344 .31lt*0 .1-191tt -t341 .. t4A..* . 81 .- 140,4681K e. br1; 49tl'3i'H.A1 1 .. 11St I-t49.. 9"1 HI1 9864t3 0%3.I .4.00*9.
itk- ad30t 1ttA .-10116.1.3.4 tool91.1 *.1C3.4" s.ot .9 3,1
4
* *. 94.094.4-4% *'*99 3A's@4 12 901.41 .3AA9).9 .I;I '39.91 *. Illtl-e -1 014t4.0 S1.-. *.111146-1
ItI18. 99tI .1.3 i-t *1 - -11*91T
'* .A3304.Al*10t140 .39H 2.* .t'tt.t .3I Af3t43 .A.?IZ .3 ) tal.j.1 *4 4*0 .4t
* *i *4 . 3 .113.4..03.33 *.t34 I '. .421 t . 0) U940 .. 42tI1414 -0.33.4 47.8
I _ t ~ It _ _ _ _ _16 tIllAtA2 t1.44 -)M.Il+3.A ^3.9 Vtlv- yttý4 fk%*3~At-oq-4 II 173 94 4 -. 119.10'))) 4 ..16121"444-84I.~t2 V1 .?74A1A4111.T 't.3.2.049 'I.-4t *.'423 *3.9t9 .4I ~ ~ ~ I '"411t ________ __________
88 1146 ~.1tto
Table B.11 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for November 1975 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 5 6
NS 7 8 9 10 11 12
* . 1* .O - .1 1' 4404.00 -.114740741-01 .. 1104160-0.o .4134410.01 *..?406101t31I *44114U 011.191141.01 .1g,3**41801-04 *40.O .IU)00191.31 **144.4110
~ :ZS?1*@02*:I1@101@ :I1U~IO :411414CC:1 -.4I0Z.UQS..0j -.301O)WU.-al? . 4 qe70 04t .I4s101oZ .1441@I* .14340110141 MO ME-0I.I -. ?O1*44Th4.U'. .
* .4,IO ,I41 *d* -a@I0 .2145$4401-01 -.II46011cf. -2?1%141104-0 .*1036410tt.31110464141141"14U011@ -.113161440"t .1413HCI0"Z *.I46ttUla 300tI.Q
44" .1*1 O-00 -. 14160lO-1 01 244041 [email protected] 0144 *Z3440$ePFt..J0is .1029611441-00 .044"?141.0 -. 1194910001-f *.204U1241 *-*011 **'Q4t16i:i .143044014 .0219801-00 .16"79111U-00 1*9914?ZWI.40* .40?0.1.111o14 301415"01:u .461170114101. *144fl1506.04 S11004@*IUUO.0*4Z11113.0110 -.363,01100-91 *001171241-88 .321641)CI40 *.*1fl0?0I*00 .1'.'04-I .Z)13.to -. 661914164.01 *tZ41O .10*1l04160@ .11&*310 .4~tI0 .t730.19 -. 1710"S411-1 ::1)411211.41 .1TZ1161U46.1*Z?'?O1 .0l104.0*.141401.*
it .13f114 44U06141*41 -.160478160101 .11914001-100 .11tSM6141.00 -M04411431-004 -. )?'44040 *14*200U.O0.1401 * -. 814301701.0 *.3%W01?01-41 -.100*09113.0100 *.00414?8140 .f1tt96041.40 -. [email protected] -. 13003101-00P2*o13004
04 -4140144.01 .10114041.0 *14410904402 -.4110000140 .0c440lg I*a1.zto -. 104604761042 .440)4 ASS4040401.U-.30 111O .4040*#*40440
04 .*611011.4# .140401341."0 -. 3004471041. -. 841SI401001*0 .40100l .?1,.Z
04 01611440 .4l3,41.4 9lfI441.0441 .l0'101ST74Z4 *.1o40201.03* .10.6440140.C?1:.0l114160.3 .141041714400 -. 4404-1$4101 *OOO04 1I011@ 44411C
it1 .11 1 -424. 414626f61-42 -. 64164 41-41. .)I94664 ) .*41'10.t 434?41.0tI .4001214-102 .I1447441-620 .61?4*4I4004 -. 1111001.01 -4W 14410 -l41S1
to 11446?41-411 ,, 1444 1 01*4 .45"141V401*0 -. 11000491004. -. 110141041-01 .19005106-U.2
-1.444641441.41 *141640461401 *4110. -. 16491MOI1-.1U 1410 .1#4,t0
14 *4414-402 .2171104441-01 .334044111-61*19440I .044041 *.21304los1-oit ..=4116,1441-1 .414268141-41! -. 061544061-01 .*01404401- 4410.@ .0121-*to .11I~e*4 .?14O. .0.110468-40 .19"1 ..0 Jzola0 l 40101.3 14).0-41 ..f411,01-:1t34 *41 01 Mm 404 .11610 -.?0010444 4711*041-41 .194,11041.41 .111201-S04* .1U40.1
40 .16441144-061 -..4301401W0*4 1tl4~I-01410C 04110@ 111?1C1 .1M41620641 .1091*4104 41. -. 641411014000 -.44?4S1912.4Q .102f'Il-~~0 .?0440 4
41 *.0410141.4 -:10?4"3.1 .1404110040" .01 14441.0:01 -'1412....... 3?4I103~*144?441M 1.10400044II *.160014" 4 *?IZIs10e -. I loat1.01 -. 70410)1M.01
-:4S44411" 84-410 -. 3$42140OOI.1 .2100fSI4641 .14I450 -.911.11211.0044 6.M1645U4 at - 41041 1 .*441 . .... .4111Ift-1 tA1102411.0 .0l4I,1
41 .d411665741-41 *.11,15T1121.4 1464&1 -141464M-t.~.4% 41I.I .III114 .4107441044041 .11411144401I *661434,40-411 -. 40 410I 4?¶24l * 40f.)
-11764444,44 -41 .0110044114-41 .41811"1410-41 IT146444-410 lII4 .4 .41OSS)it 4.0044161441401 .tl104.4104 0411-~ 6111.44 .14t44414f00 1 -. t41015~01 -11 400I000 -. 641144134141 -.411141441-61 -.4111%616141 .44I11 -Ist)144I100.3 *SI'41 tll -1
14 *.4101-4144 -:4100614-0411 ,0040404g.*1 .411N41401-1 - 11 $04CO '.1l -6 1012
04 .4044044 *.9I ,140 0-69 ..414410441.41 -.41111.4941I kWINZ441t41 llstit'414:11to 4444900U *'44441.e .141101.04*.t~lHIZ0 .1130011411- .1119 1,*;-it
or *.1441 0104 .1 4.001It4 )""I 110-0 I"402404 .,?It4U- ...1U ter..
be *.%T? total.0 -.4410114 .4019ki-04 *.1,1100UO0 .40041.) .I -aUt. .ot 0 .144114 .1'0'171"414 .40111.00t416*0I1(*1 .004*42 .01410
41 .l?4411.44%% *4 .410k1944041 -. 11411tt 041I -11-11ttl1*4- .0ta0U .44~2.1-
It Mglitt1044 *.140.41 -4441-1 .124441t tt4I*.' .00*l4J
y I ~~~ 0190*I 4I0.441 ATSI041-t-41.!4- J : t~,tt
* , ~~VI "'tat *.0 1t*
it04 *.l It 0040.0 .444 -4:1 -M. 04020 A t44041.1 .00 cO0
89
Table B.12 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for December 1975
HARMONIC 0123
K 0 12 3 4 5 6
.473*4U. I l.1010.ic .1 107,0 1.406l *.S0l444.4 0oolofo .sl . 01'e 1dt4q14
& V oa541* t'4 a 41191too.4* .1 *,4too 40 -. 419101109-01 0*isttc a *.oaOoI~ .114*41044 .11S5~*I.4Z *144146461 .?4400?1.*1 .441111,* -. 014U*.*Z .. 9~4,64 .*?4~tl*4 441,1145 ,4141141 -. X40ISI2416 .,,qle-0 .S*141. 15 4)1
11~~~~~ ~~~ .1418460 9ZI*240 *&641*-4¶1015-1*4.*. 01.61*O *.1141O140.*
* I? .*443'41141~ ~ ....o4 -1tff. 1 . 2404f 0141f .111340215 .01 .411%6M . l *.I 5 *~5.2 .ZL 4 1 I~
Is .4130055 .... ""4109131,O S.1*9? f 1 0510*064 -. 31141101-904 -.4441110t4-U .*a*~ot
*1 *t15?4919640 -. 4l'45914 :20 1445048 1.41 .U 4 0 6 5 .10,1 44 T 1 I0 .is. 4 7 4 7 . 5 . U 4 1 4*0 -50?0)*U0* ~554t)4~.41 .5064104646.0 -. "l14061.014 -. 1"t4407)90.0 .5*.160174.0* .9.5l6
at8 -. 52 014 IS I 1H4 1 .1 4 01.041 .6341214509*55 .14144401-00iR12-1- - 0,00j.! .13523460cw
08 -. 0*14840 *4150500) 621N09014 -. 24616902-.0 M11614014cl0 040.t *U111*isO 400445 .41044 .113474101-1 -.403041.0)0t ..I7S40:1201:0 *t4**4441 .0* 4..0613 A2C-j'11 -.0141644:11401 .1?141077014 .34500626440 *.14147ta4141 a,1t41* -5*10i.5 5 0 40
* S~ ~ ~~~~IT .20641156441 .:to 92M4.6* -S~I4.1 .13314101-41 1 M.l4 Qt-58.* 1 8* 53.' -J0),*C
54 *141200944 *3161495 1.1 -. 1 2005701.42 *.5110115510P* .6so'0s)1i.*0 *.3413%1041-*5 .79Stg* t 40504444 .f 1159 4149 .. 41914M044o .Ilt*1$401.44 ..o1440 1101a0 .0444M,04.01 -1444700I*ua
59 -. 14'* .e0 .06461410164I .31454444 5404144001 -%W-01.It .55442I .70111150101764.188 1 -064 1 .9 04 4 8 -.618114141.01 .145711088443 -. 51M M U806* *.%A640 1 3401081 0 4 4 8
45 .11509045 .1k50*01*841 .704116410 -30144f4 .1002018 .10F428101.0Z -1Ue4tC
10*.801t464 .442 -. 17171 . 11445041 -.540401401.01 -.580504008.41 -. 1SIl.0 .14d130?IS.32IS -34058 -.4111403010802 *4.1611414450 -. 95441*1044 .409144S5.04 ..350441016.l .410048u.a,
* J~~~~j '4~1 -. %kSMlic- *.it6541021-4 -41034081-48 .t4'55 S94184 '10880 .8)41~5 . 1 7
* . .0 440 888 5 1 ,1451 t.1401 -:.11048Hs.4 ..)4519. Q *I(-as8.8 *101M V14451k -. 411 ?, I1 4? -:6M145*4414 a W-44441, 104,1 -04.1 [email protected] -.1M.41 .015.8 S046IM-e!.0 Wili514U8'l
8 161$1155414-0 *50814.40977710344-0 U.41144446'02 -0130144018'0 .1%4111101 -U.44 .4311664445s .1 1514".11* *95 44 19S484 .313011412-41 M04"5116!1 .4It16)
Tet94 -. 54 0048 .310 2*41804e .414411144-02 -.41043001-43 43#406 -. 106MI-i~t 41 54t6*~~~~ ~~ to, "1648 048.41 *.111 06001.U0.1 18494.0 -60190.8 1141341-0Z.l *&510645 .*1,?0
48 *.41.5685 .550154.5-.1104818641 -. 0417318800-0 .0011486.1 -. 11171MIU11 .4 "MI0I§-.0
14 -5I151.6.4 .44Wk051?-41 .$4292141588401 W64406.5 . 0100f.af *.316M5O)10s1 -. 4344 .?Kt.5
34 -. 14109044 .40414 4 04444404 .=111?01-0068 *11440,463.05 .S0 '251 .t1l4i14.41116141840 .610841061-81 -044)~4 ,441441 14110101-00 *.61064150140 .545*,55.1
::10"V661.4041 .?61414 4~4.gq 454t#4 .5140 0 .60114.014 -.:''.I 1
It .49l41 45 45 -.41'44114O84 *.04143141t.4* -. 110310§160 -t101440.40t' 4173tlil46.1 .'ij.i )44 111111"41 :445 .59*'4totjS *.1118SO688'44 .111711191.01 .40t?%j1aj.#j *.1011101*i11) .14S9Itol46..
I4 .141410t41 -1*4416244145-41 474$4 *.4141641-6 .5*4441114.0k *.6401MICA-4.' . &t
:2 -. 9245 44 -414## *.t44444.76-01 .10044104164 1198141 .805164 .651k8.4 . 94 1~.-.to Its"4-411 -. 0435451.04 48080841 I .4141q *.1101141I4t04 *.1490441I.. . . .
'A0 -t0441. t4244 .1116110444.01 .46144514 .4444 W81"00-ak.8 Olvk%111.016? .44 40 l .41 ... 44414449.(5 ~ ~ ~ ~ It~ k,11008C .I.4544 Oft0oo44 *4 -e 015o *.l%0~~.t4410-04461tt.4.
. '"41181441 .44647. .11114149-0.4 ..344411 o4.1 .30004111-01 .1111WO*t-M *. 1.2 , 0.4 -Cl.'Ji .04.4. 41U4 .114014 .114l.1l4-t1 -. 11.10044*slt ..1PklhC#.. .
* 84 .0450*4*44.0 .14141544014 .111§4141-41*4 *.414104~1.t0 3~411.1 .. ' - . 0
is .10114241 M14"-41 ..t1t1*144 *.5405401.5104-I 0-t. 41
to too"414 *.1ISSI0414441 -. aP.M *#4614 .t146001041 .0 t.14M 44. -044110,1¶4t.11 4 l~
ItL -. 1040141114404 .1k?443 4 .*1144450- 44041Wt .07MMIot-ea .10K.-Ilt6-4. .54441ta-I .4
.41 MA1401-0I 90k91q4 .441t- tfiT10
44 -*P~41v4t4, -.9WASI.40 .411soltt-il M 44-i-t
Table B.12 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for December' 1975 (Continued)
HARMONIC 456
KS 8 9 10 11 12* . f .&?~ft1@ *Ht1O.OI *.lit~*O-O1 .lO~tf,@iO1 *.tilI-, .SH1\K4
ft **1?i*.O .193t431. *lliOtO .1 f)4CQ8 tH- .1040401.0t
6:1970301.40. .t es. 00I. .*f12118301- fI~~O. *Il7lff.f o -01 ,W~e
11 **14H111441.* 1410.06 Ii?711 .lfI0IO *lfQ** 9t.@1 *3946101ftit*
It 13t'9lk" 42 1.ttff)~4 ""1lfto ...Ht I.ttl- I.%~ ~ tIO I@*)I
II -Z40Zt.@ --all Z~f-4 -. f&f91I4 1tg*H* .I"ttQ'O - itU0-I0 OR aM4 ft 1t01 -:.ftH, ".1U,.@ 6,*lHIWIO .l4t?*11 *.1-tIQ.I hfIS
II~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .ltH4.B .POO.I .1atSCtt .?ttII.1 *~tSO.1 .H ~U*9 .I~fl~f OS4* .1I~i*~t.I .IftlqIW( OI .f000)*.1314 *.*H ?4* t*0 * . 001.01ft*
*0 .17ZI4004"t 4 '.24021S*ftI4 t .90SS1 10143990Ie.407 -.05126144.00 &T4.#a? *UI~tHe [email protected] -. 16411,901.0f *.Zft1bfl*@.01 -.4616@101. .21144.9.0 6 01*
II .?1112101841-6 .1@160~744-01 *1IIUSMtH* *SI241070.1*S t?*S 0 S26444500*1#0141141444-06 .1170113309-010 . 30, 44 .4 lt -.01444641-0ft ,t1440010.01 .30350646."
to 341ftot...**4 -U.U019646614 -. 10,01041,01 ..l41410401.-411*S4 .*lftIMI
at *.-?& .116741041-41 *fI8?101~-01 *I*H ?03461-.41 01-f 3S'ift4
C4 *I13G . 9111444IS01.4t 1)1304 3379043 *SH?60 ,IeI010 *.f Nlf&? 04. -.11t0210fl. .*ftf0633 SI101 *10*t S3 *?I*t41HS'00 .165,41641.0t
los . II'1 1 t -92 31?167441-41 -. 131103601402 *'H441tsoltI. .9172?01 .4030 *dftIO3ftSI*3*~~~1 -jift .17 194 *I1g4. ?3U0.48 .*1434 -. h1402140101 -. 1304
to * .01OW1te.8t *..1jtft.1 *O*341ky 4Ig- -.9939014TO 3 -.S'1S1% 6144-4to *.**l1011 *01'O 01ttS1 -.*1stft4I1ftI -.14i46MUtS01 -6$411~f6141-0 1 034*'t34 *St)I4 *'99~I@ -. 4t14t$H4I* 1`*17601fft 41.6 *Sft4)ShfolI9I .1al 094.9 .I1t114t *I7##*. *.9I')41001.4ft [email protected] AM2*'1141901 *I~O II
12 *.:1 27401-4 .11410141.St JOT*9..tI40I -.111006tS.I2 .11.4193 19H02 *64211*060t-60
19 4.t*91M.N.0 ,'1641'to-al *.111171441"1 lot7t~j **993493 - 1tsUM-As91 ittII 4 a 'I179. -.6.oe~f to "alI*Pt W.91 .191.041164411.
is -. 4419*4.f "No flt*.ft .930I$9 dt.'It,16 910 .dM-9-4 991 42*
* it~~~~~~3 %ItIf6?404-6 6101 440-01.9 .110,#011 4"1 j qt'3 .k17 *'i .Z 01
to .77i13*II:t *1#9f4.141-31 1110 . 1411414 *IH 9900 .. AW11$..4 .96011739 -19qto *I.~144 9414011"1990 -.141443641-4 .99166T014794 ST4t99~t .173910".4134 .01003*79i19 -JW1Mlt.*190. .1131191044-4 .904114601-41 .4314911904 1 .919913*1M Ift. -. 411"114-043 ..1441417*41 *-0 444 0.t14.4 *.74011304t-** .. 11144t0.444
1 4 6 'a, U4- -6 .6000 - -1
* vii **~~~~~~. *.M016219t41 *.99*t .tft * 6ft7 t-ol9 .46tt14199 f$9
l. ilfli?13
* ~~ ~ ~ ~ .ol W44 .* M II"t999 .441690019.83 -. t3 .1410.I7 *tittt9I .6914
"""a '0 -* . .. .. . .. .. . .. .. . .11=4311...... .............S..... *.* Of..
Table B.13 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for January 1979
HARMONIC 0I23
0 12 3 4 5 6
"4 .U0l1) . 1 96fl4e.61 .n~ae .20o,'toli.0 *.,40154001.01 .*.t sz I o1as 43*.l)? 44 -04C
tO .1)tflt@@t. *1@61t0 --tlti@ .4,O2eO901I.*t .' )a.174140 - .k0141H ~ .1suaii .ao~ogn Ien.oen .910010301-0 -.1001.,04, 01 -.121%11101-01 -.14901Z601-01 -.211W901-013
at -g.Og.,e~ee *t~t4111.Ol .l6t22OI.O -f42111416l .t .41 .-@1 .1'I.1@-O% **'D3,t -4tit *.t*U***t@*.w~~~64 S10-0 -.i~tUO .114H3.1O (A04011. 1he?3~4 .. t.O-01 .S4t4,504100
ii .e.ItIUI.O@ *U* t'olf. .I0,491fl0g.Oi .t1il4iaIS410 *I-47764601-4 -. 14UTIIliI4 O .I.,1OIQ44 it.* 04?@?O .Ot.41 Hg. .S1110000-@i 06000.W01I02 .IM66104.l -.336,4104-0 -01443$01..41
IS .114?te? 111131014??U4 -.IH"OS@S.#l- .ittO5@ .1tlt -.144t31128440 .4160t4101-41.601140-6 .*4@iI."Se Ia~~g .10141t.o" 1314.4 -. 114111134-0 .iti4401et 1S 01-03~I
-446141141-414 -.t*14*I30S.OI .IS -lIS .$4IS)@40000 ..1S13M$44t.0 -. 1021410-41 .144449004.01it .S1H4. .....u1101.4t ~.414t11401-41 a~os~t .az,,Isas.*a -.115111141.01 [email protected]
is .116 '14101-0 :6 1470701-0 -. 911440601-4 -.106121749-01 -.04124101-01 -.11011*30I-4 -. 1061460-41iso *.5 41 164671- .SWWOOS.O)1 *S01141601.O .73490?1t-tOi *ti4StSO .11104%131-01*.."-t*50514 1. 3.4iS IO a iiO Sf 4%)~tiS* .. ,....a...aa9 .01320S44-14 .a'.t'..os*k
lo, .11,1.S14 14 .Is t~~.4 *)IISO -:41 GtItISO1 3 , I. 44.t 1-4 %S.* . 1 t ! so I - *,I4i&?S443 -0it .16011144S.0s -. ttttt411OI3.4 11146#I13641 -01 IO i t L*Sit l.I l.*1 .04158404-01 .i41911100.Io
'a -'z.S ..x .1a',,ntalgx-ogl n,~i .e.~e~a~4itf.~ .~u~~i .Sso .11 110 084 .1111,614141 .ttO0tSO -.i161114444-4 .t3Stt# .16i'Ottalub *.04ittt.M44-92 S* .*
iS ~ ~ : 6 "d4S4SO .i 06"S.4 *.IO&SMt, .4. -431"1391O.01 -.**tWStQ2 *dSit3ittS4O .t-ti t~81 $ 04614 *.''396114h *5at o54 M-0 ttSiI4 *.L),.10.41 .116000t,.olt i'HoSS
I .114317144-03 *V Itt4 .14450110tg.4% *.at~t, IZ61*10049,t 1 31t,~tI*h V143"04-04
Is s -. eS146141 .SISSW v a1 .~1Ve4 *.11414114141 -.6%501141-0 4.. N au,.ai0St 3-14t54A 1t'~tS 4 .i tI 'sf .41,1061t05 1 *tlt411tltf.*-a t t? t~~t * ttt~,
- . Si *.404t~it1144 .11441tqqot -6 4VtZ14 .Sttttt ..116111141-01 .1404"144I.01 -1446#1tz06*11
I~ *.Itttt~ttt~t .4tt:014149 .I1,S3t444t -.ttSt.40 *t16Z tt194tt114.34*-04
11 9?Tl o 4 6404 :414110 W llla 113444
Table B.13 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for January 1979 (Continued)
HARMONIC456
S 7 8 9 10 11 12
0 *Ifl?1900441 9 44 .I0I00 t .3t:169S01-~-0 1 .lflIt .t~S0-1 .t610
-.6S1901644.41 -. l~ost04I.01 .1?e1t111e0S.1 ..14424 011o0 -. ,guzcIo .II1US0.O
*Zb00.t -401101041.01 .336011 1 .00. to000010 :to110.l )h~tS* -.tOU0400. 1 M.P%04 1.0.@ 1 2111 *l27016SI0t - .t0 29Sl .2U214S *tt0414 .lt10'I@ **01010 .f001.01 *.14101101.01 4TlqI0
to .1I~tt4 .6,1 70fI.40t *11171000t-41 .1061000904-1 -I%?1I0 .00o
ft *.419? t-ot.41 *t'o6,6@ Z100 4041-41 4.170110 0 -01 .81T1700431-1 *.)[email protected]
It -.1 1,2 t4417 41 3 -. 6Z401041-01 .fbO I@ .74 846 1 01' I 4 .4 0l) - I 5 ltI O
to .$114100 4tU* oO. O 4-100 S0 .l*0U0041.0 ,01114sil0210 194040 SI104
*1 .051 .4*01*181111*61 .74814tt 1 -41*0 0*1410 .Ol*1.Z -1104684 ".'.4005f . ..0I010100 A7440431)0 10.l- .1at1I4 .4011.4 *3910IS *'TI)4:100.1 .1,'110 .0601931-040.0 *0.0990 [email protected] .?h6
it .I010010140 -00 010tol iaa -. 1104409141.01 .009109401.@* -.*10109470101 .0170110*Sol.Ui I 101101?P* .114401o?0.40 .341200141.42 .f09312b 0 .41 - .I?402o 42.1114164-4
11 .911011.t .I0011410) MMM-)I0I41% 111001 .1101201ZtI4-0 *)NIi0? *'l'0010101 1014 141.0 -. OOIIS@ -.o.*4101ý00 1 W217144IOI61 -. 1W191 -42.S10 . 1 00 0 10 .ZW ISV0 .44 '.IO ? 40 0 .0 01001 601 .111r00I * 1 . 0 014044 4 91 1I 41 01. I _.0' toI)~t :34.1 S010.M l0 301*0.0 .000114 *.410400401. .00001040*4 1 ..
to -. 0tt04S0-at -. 1450#414.Ot -000060 .000400 .11313*414-,0 .4161p04441
to -. 000404040I -44000-0 .011100I.4I .140t.-*I .1010114ts 00 -.15AU104l-04k4 -.6611401 104I .1, 1 to 1.41 *.110414140-21 W410121.0 -41 .tt06MIU41 .1001%6100g..l
IS .0 1 111010 .09IOl .1194 @ -.1404000004 .1111tt1ia l I"0 .4to I WWI
40 ~ -4 .IIIOIGO004 *o '.ogc -. 1101WHOO140 %4,00141-4 .1034041MI.0 .112166014*010 -. %641140-142, *?*Is to 4K 4 0?1 -t~l* 44 S.**k 040 Tho -3 1 0194 4 *.644140404.
Mt.1 V0494441 .611119010.4 JM14l0t4S40 .1$1111C41,41 *.1110P01441-0 -%2t411419104:", 6.09104 01091t -dl111-01 -.000I.0 *01014g 16411004-41t
it -14 W ~ 44 41 4 1 4 t.M 1 4 91,X104-01 -M :110410 :0 1' I:9t 11.004 .4stOSIM4141it -S41111641-41 .001411ti.91 .1090940141.I -440101111444 0000141 .9106401141"411044% -. 010%0Wg.-41 .0l1h1ttIflaI .4104.4 .40000t 114404
0 W111499%94-41 ?1?0S0 .*4 ? O -. 91010%l.e 41400.1 .041I1000 .SCI?49499 .. 130 41 .0044414 .100100141, -.0%1341411-41 M4*1440141.41%
I t *.%009494.@ 44 00504 .tttooti .totots0o11 0901441 ,9i00940 -.W14"111.44 .*tO.414 .3161t09*4.4 -tk.19110400 H , 1044144.11
09 .1011 .4 .9911009,.4 .41190100-0 *110kitlt .40 _.&t40 1440041 .t1,4
00 .1 Z04 -t dtt'I 101. .8 0 1 11:1 '1 0 0 - 490 .0t1.0 . * *102114014 44
91 1'449*4. 01.4J10049 .019404 to'i11* 11-4900004 P0.t04.1t.1
v 4 I .1.: : 11 14.6%, I.19% D.4 .00 t 1 1 t .0.-I$ o0 -0 t ltl901 %-0 -. I001OF6640 S
01 0It Il00411 I15004 -ws~t00?4 99149f l ~1~0#% .0t1'I4
V 41 ..l?900- t q10. 4 . 0 ' . 0 ~ 0 * 4 0 * O 9
i t o . t 1 I l . 0 9 0 0 4 4
9 .S0I44.ttl.t 1904l .00900, .910t4.099t.0 .144.00lt~ t*I-t -M W t
Table B.14 Coefficients to Represent t'~e Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for February 1979
HARMONIC 0 1 2 3
0 12 3 4 5 6
* 1 0?1 -U48 -:1 10103441- .?6 01.0I W.4 ee110.0 .'. 601l .164~@ I 1*848
I * 61 10 46 8 11 16 0* .4 * 0N 1 *641 . @I ? 0 01 1 4 4 ' 6 Ql .410 4 .l41-1 .811. Ot *t: l4 *164lfl45 *.?4610161 -. 4 1840.01 *.'316l0.14 4l816t60 .tH0,t4 1...l. . ..I : -. 61904 .11906,180100 :.8361100.0 4.8 1-1:401.0 lot~4ll4 . 0*1 @I8 *. 190 0 16O
I ?~0Sl0.6 .16.06168 .160291160.42 .1144114.0t.01 Isl46O *IG.66O st)a4f14W4
* -614610t1 .11I61t~@ *17111041.41 -. 1$464141-00 .463220101 :.0 1401.9601-0 .1MMI460.44
1, )848404-40 Posol4'6106 -. 13S106140.01 .116704.0.1 .6131000 -1 1,411.0 .84I6l*4
8 -:611:614401.44 -.8641?04 11136190 16,640"1 -. 1011264410604 .1 6188.I -U010.8 .01.Is -4 1 1-942 4.149106m.92 *.10 418 0641 -02 l6l01 .l0II0 *.116?1041:34 . 3 8-
1? A4411906406 *.1,1191364:31 .0 .40464 .4131141-481. -k41701006041 -. 01141416.0* -.01211. "t16 .36966441 .04961468 *.6k 41.48 -8?1 00I4 .14111411046a S*10&1*24 WGI .0?04 186.CI-
1? .441811441.44 011191641.01 .1088464 *041241?0S*1 -44 10116.l * 403481611 -. 1561 41$.-01to -. 61"4024001 *12'a 86.0 -.T)18?0.4 -. 81 0 .1 ....808..... .8.atI~O .411t0*.
14 *81%413141-4 ..*36111101-41.4 .. zle~1 .01184 .10104. .144al06.* -.14% 116.1189 -. 1949*60648 .94140944106 .14604041 641 .10761,141-03.8 -1.~710 104468 i
It .11*804641 .211611414144 .1641061I.03 -.18*10MI0I.1 -. 8111 . 14 .ll? 0800101 .1%4¶66iU6.d14 *.991&888144 1 *.81144184041 .8-01 01 -.146710606,0 blisatol041.0 S1301414i.-a! .1011.314*0d11 *.1"0944146 41 .3111046404101 -. 149413"41. -.6961161a608- .61a14I -. 114SOM1*10 .16SU44401.6.to *.10619474t.43 .1946'0f -. 116466441-04 -. 311l1944001 .80014 4t84*8 .44041*
so .1 4j4§4jI.@j .0jS1041 -l1%Sj48 4 j16 .11,1001111-41 *.31641401* .01 .416 ow I - 1 -. 744b11"4-4186 11946116 04441 . 16 9041-43 .fl6'1604*4.61 .1 8l0.l *1611 -.1424104-4110I.00a-0 Ovl. ta 1 :410
641 6044 461641 .41 5144#6.9- -. 81791344 41-4 .641114016* .414W042001. ll01I3 -..114401,4 1
is9 ..111491tel64 .86 61149 1041-0 -. 110811041-3 10406.1 stl) -t -V1441801018 -. 11tol41.1l ..?A1444 1d042
16 V11044I60tU -. 06,1"646.41 WW44104 -431144 .8'406l -29 16?6* ~~18 .41 16S946641 -. 616"M41414 -. 41186141641 -0 11108c 14*4.o .111I60 .~104
* 81 -486941149.41 .11,41160646~~~~~~~.110*6 6804.1 -6 1 418860 .1188.l .14110h 146Z616 .86114660) .116619.9) ..611634.4 .. 16I110 6.0I- -. t11M.41-041 0 .1810141-03 *.7481)J6403
44 -. : 1 31 411864 0 I *U64'416' 11 *.:6)041 .6O9'6l *4816006.1 U 600462 *.~1t
19 .10069 "Of 4 1 It:6811. .8161 0 I c -.4416 1 4l . 1 221011 .?4=41-1464 .011101c6261164 -. 141114104641 .4 1 166466.41 *.04146101.04 .11%44011.01* .661tOMO-lk4Itl.2 l2i1*0
44 -.419 466.1 .4619*l -809001 .101M64#442 -.104691406.8? .61401,4. .l?101641-0 %94l-It .11664 .11686I -411861614%0-0 10161 .%11 61.~f24 - .34100.1 .lll'.
46 .l'661N*00 .t1'4894668 . 468 1664142 :.1 4l1144.1 tilt 412111% -06480.1 h61104HI 1 *"116401966404 301l116. it611964 a 6311:t44 loft!00 .)?l06*1*,*806.
so .:10stes"86 '0964"41t14-e .4461ty"A6.i *.1104414'l41 *. llp"46106 1494.4 .8 010II * Itko04 * 14KI09 i6.4 ItoA614648 -:I44004 *.1 11ti .214 .S18S4164 I .l6688,;16 -. 6fl1144 W614P66 -m1441#.41 4.41 tilt-" A 1.4 tI4946044 11441 .461
It so66640G -. 80466 614064 .44161SPOW- W.M11-te .06611t..61 .0104046.11
14 M.;1694 I" "6669 .464,04,4~1 .68460-211811016l .44.10169 I,4tI*Ii *66?84412 =864111'60" a1916* MP.M.4k6* .tI'124 .04161 *4.46
-M9 t -. 69 4 164 .06144 4 f t.1'81664 .1402146l6te .11411.0*.t11.14 .1 U16 -11
11 .661461W.44 .- ='1tSt40 '.11194 '.81044'.8 .1~3It L t08.4*4~.i0
0411 i 4 94 1. ..1146 .411 t"' .041 4 t9* U.6816t19 .4 418- 41114.19.9 *.k0#ttP9.16... .
4? ..4t 144t6 414 I644194 *.1468t. -. #6069f tilt"01. 14141640 -.6&t-WLS-.~~
44 .60140081446 *1414l4044.0 .kl;* 949404t 468306 6610991 ''~
*.64!694641 .6916944-tl J . fl if1t0.94 ..01t4909.04. .114.l4l-tt 4684164 tt91.41
Ott -t1b14* .446440 441411.04 .*614% 1 164 tl6.1 *Ii~1 t46.6 00.1Vil .4 4 14 1 tt4 .49111644 .16'0It4 411-10440641 .16644ttj.8. 1-4 ,11L I.
94
Table B.14 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for February 1979 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 1112
1 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -.t-ei00. .11?@4 .*f.*1* .161*I* -I' 10@* :31:11 4*@
S -.01009!~.O *1f6N.1 -S061 .*610*G.* 111941.0tI@ .1.1.4401-61
* *4411?6 -01 .11444490.4l -:C1 lI@ .91fot0 dol~*.k .II144
*6 .144144*.1 *.-41. 4~4II0 .114I7stlt. 1 .u*3I*0 -,US S*1* *2?lo~a*I4* .*1Th1H.U t*16t3464% .*9*'#H101-0 .k)*1Wf0I .0*61 H546
U t~lh.440*tIMMG6 *1.104.1 1~9~.'*j* ~f*54~3* .*94to4641 *.91600Stot* 1It*4~I4.ol .67bt?1001 .**3tI.1 .k'3#3' -. IA~k11M4@ .St *SUI*64 .1l)?W WI1 -. 1:tI I01 -. 'I 0? i0 *o1.1 6.
It .. I111111,4416 .*iT116184-6 .Nht3441 411 .I-02*H -eI32.* dS*610I s .lt.0~t4 * 104144-411* -.t1iIZ96@Ift :1.,tH Ial .l:N1?,0S.i *atIt
*6 .6 43 046064 .. i 3114te o o* -.131144409.4* -..19161402* .2 .9?t* -.1ST6itS14121 :: .i11, 1 1 *""1"1"464.O3 -*i~~S0 -. iSIT'@I*010 :.423 ') 14040. .Z14464411*41
P -. 4131611 " I* of .:1S :19442, 1119 1 11961410 * '@1 taes4 1.2C,3* .)01411?61*1o 0.344$44 `HSI*=4 9*f&3IG. -* .9itSSH .I*si.O t) &4e
is .IW*114 at635H4 -. 13"1 OS*0 I.M.~t4030 U.Itt?4i NlIS.:I MM9"fl." .S460~.6 .3at9*. lfISO.40 .i0U'*4S1.16 -:1)121"'M 11@
II .. 11S11ti .t -0 t8411041 at .)01611901- .3IfltttCI**Q Ittts.,11-61S .. trot 16366i1
i .4,11#'If414. 143441101-41 .161311144I41 .I*t 05 .-SITM40-41 .*l*'l44i
* 5* *.tt?6~~~~t).1117 .01 010114HI.t metS*?I014 a .'*~r*H I*3.4 .II10
* .ttlt.#O *11 01 2444 -.t03UI494141 'aH~St .S 9, II &iI0 tot t -4 7
-:1 .* 91,14: 4 .76711011t.01 .?'U6169*44 *.)~6-44 -. 11M~i.4 *t*44"
14-6I~*1, 4 *9s9$Z V*t@4 .. L)?2.4, .. I~~6t .1491355**Qt.f%V264~t* 4?5.0I * iPt' *dl'l1ttilt.5 """a1*.* .i1"*65 *I)I.W0
141 .191141944 * .16641601-01 *.IIW.14614* .SPL*.5 S2t'S0* *i5*
31 .It5515 .0?64t5 .4tZf5* .tIie.i .. 6.*S .544h*445" o
SI .0140101541 1.IH*t5 1 i!*W4 *.*i*4.5 *t045I i,.Ii4
14 -6510%1,0144-41 96'. -. 311945 '"A14 Al.toct-4S d95555'4.55-e -..ISU4144S41S .41*154.5543 P.SMH41-41N J54*..0.t41-2 $i10.o .5@1t6 .*4166
It *.0i5*I44 . ttot)5%4 .*st15 -40'1k"141-41 .03f5*'l~~ 1 .91 ~ ?.I*6 445.1 4 *.kI** ;If -.116014141tb .H1SMs1t5-6 *.II3 -1'4.0* bottom."464
*. .594*.4$.1 *.'0 4~4 .ti~i4 5110.k .. 11010". 1 .% 45? 64t
"t : ~'t5.$ .9*!9*.0 *a.'1T0!1t -tk .sst. I*M1.2% .43W041-11 It
*.5'4.4.0545 .d'15.5 ."t*I ."9O11451311 I.*0l0 .119t01014.4110011'4-tt 4*4*t1t6# 44 to Wtsq-9.4-1 -411169M.41 .*.9It**tt-4k
IWO24 .k 16 6s~t .*4903411-4 * R %1 9.4% t .4 MS-a. 4445
I *~~.014tII0*IItt MI A611..9t.2%-.15...tt2e.-tI .as~*5 -t .111MV149.4%
2. %t95if_4 .11114414 1OtM1.
IV . a . 1SI.14 %~fS4-4 .2kt t
Table B.15 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for March 1979
HARMONIC a 2 3
K 0 12 $3 45 6
3 .13't11s3I' 1SIl .2 1?7 410 -. 9 0143 2141: i1 .3 ?33J3*0 I .42214 -0t9?3j*1 .Z~i3I3
I .999?~t~l "34#'I.1 9910:47!.39 Z.2414 .. 11.7%lat ~1))CIo ?%324*I.9 .91iO~~4 .12It20. 1 -. 94,2414 . 1.310,14 .s2#?I2 .43l1It .) 1tttI
I .42s0.) .4913.4 -2~t44*1 *.32130 .29.12 .Nat2?13 -. ti9,9 :4*
2) *#*1t II@ *.4)1)9*21.0 .t'34111'C.d2 - 2t aFo.111.142g.4 .39310% .19fl3)tocl013 -219 21
it -*26 1*0t*1I0 1 -.1,11, 44 -at -. ?3?92310l .13 -11agI43 .13z14 ..20094020441 _.Stl,?t I',. 000
* It .272fl1129'92 .U~064-t 14t42CtQ " .33'4 of2 *Ifl.:9C .1121' 141.3 .3?333Io .3?aII, 19313*1'C .ti~~1lof: w.33bC*t -* 4t)C 14 .3)48.t .@Z,2.I *4t?.I$
Is .1194@3 .93tý41 tf .9k49i3 Z.9)t,090 .3299lj3 -. )2i3:3 *f91P3
2' .i talt P4 -. 913421-11 .9444'' .1?-Cat3 .39 193 .tI,19l 341l14
it .9I3ft'0)*Z 43J.I -34~2~I *3*9214 .'l'013 2 , '-1.3 -. 3044'?lI.1
to .211041101.41) -. 2110,19.4t )a Z.4 1.2-21 14-344331fl . 2394.4&.99'311 .9)SI~i
!1, l9 * Set. I . ' 3 f 1 1 . l * 2 . ) * 4 l 4 2 .l . ) ) 1 3 4 . l ~ 9 9 4 '. . J . 3 0 .
so 4S~~.63 .) 1.319.40.3 **3~'!f .¶9~3.2 -:22.ff 2f9
.. 32I .t)1 .2923'l .L2'24 ~ 332~.4 - 't1I.: .9311.3 .&2*;-l -. 192
Ito .419994 ,9~t4t .431..33?9.3431 *.t9t.t: .,3 3 '3 .?)4 *'.14N~.t0 -. t.1"414, 'l
it z.kt"'tl'It t*'3'- '.99'4d M.0101.1%9.3 -. d.2t43.'''t'3 .11tb&4;i
t1 4.114* .. %179M94.41 .).9t.l .tn32.1 ,*491'? 92344 43i222 .g.:-
"I .Ivl*9
3 .~'~4.4 .3333-3 .4 tt)3 *t93V 49*991 .9~ - 432"94 ~33'4*f4 *
- 1 9t29*3.) .*.394914 .39''2~1 91t1934 .933 9-3 9'9.194 4)9at.*
.331 34.) .tl.9.- it391
214 .. .. 4141*)t .. ':3.2 0't~~3 .9.*
3v : .~3f94 3~1t~l *'4t'~ *t2.C1 .t,'lt 313.i4
93q.f.9.f.3c !&9.t4 2-2j.42')f .t.' .43$I;f .3.4;3
%3 .'9424t 94.3 ~ 't;.3j 2~.l2? .3~434 '3t4)
I 9 .9x*t9tt .. '9.*t 99 90 3 .t9't.) t2 .4.1 -'t~ . . 9$f
*. .. 339flt23 .13$4303 .. ' .~I..'6
* KTable B.15 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for March 1979 (Continued)
*HARMONIC 4 56
78910 1112
I .4107011 .14011%144-0 ..8941317 0101- ..10?f4a .~l~~ t~IO0
to .*)IM1~.01 -. ISi609IU. a .1:a I I Q: -4 kZ~N.O 1)S~I~. 41100240I41
is .ee*e-41 .11148410431 :11 o" 92 Got 4 .I40-t .'0101141-91 .I..01U416013
-0.29t444ti :,*')4 1. -. 06&4140- -1Z P0"40141 .IOoMSM.#I -.04150%31.0.1to -f.11661641.i .617411440*0 *UO410* .441.IK o l~ 4,440 I~~ot4
*4 .Itt11'104-01 .11001041-02 -.I2blSS404t.* *¶tls?tI.QI ..41 ,4t0 *)?s.'I4Qg.t
9444"'t~t.61 .*1I4J.0 414 4'44112 **I17t6*io0S -. 044&'S0. . t6141.4l
ii *I4'4I'441 .107-f41101-0 nn"U@-o~t1I .11,1010-01. tilt-*040 dO144-414to *1:311101-41 -.S0011414.01 .4)7 -01-7 -.4144t@ 114#i~.4 .f4 t&)4I
Is .4S~4t 144100 .10t110145 -ef 01414 .%3MIS.1Ss0l*.44 110
ast..4*410m411 .94164 1~t-62 W361144tt-41 M.It4*70101 -.&401.41toI -Ih.5I4PA .1444-4 .1440-1 .R It0 -41041tg-04I *Ofht4 .?41*l
= V04444444 - .IttltI0 -. 1rv4I~Z @4t -11 4*~ 4 .V.631*0h4t ek48 ..U141.I .4404 Of*04t ?414.4*11% 1049.01 A.UZ6444-41* .80011e4 4 .'ol1* .*4414041 .14I0* -414tootol*04 .61,104-41U
44 .. 104543*41 .SS*.Itt0.4 !.10444 .I4t4450 439044.?41tt -. 4.14404204.01
4 ..8*~42 . 414 -1 41*4 .41 t4 1 .741*4144j.01 .0tOI .04414144j41
-4.910141Z74.40 It441.4 .IU.So .'4I44~r*~4018I *40'412
to .6"41061 1-4Zt4 .111,14414.00 -. s.1 8441 -1 I)MV6411 I4 -.1:101l-o .10006164-41
it 41t*ts'WII -. 11447444.74 .I-~414MI1014 *lis* .01t7ib " -471*4147*4101to -.411161191-1 -.01*414i0,14 -5411#111tl23 -. 1% W1f10tI * 0%,10124-04 .. '1
IS 44- 1 41449 .16 -%.A4t44I4t.lo _.4Z40 *447448t I . II tot" -010 ..t~%44# 4.444 .1 it"01464-41 -. 6I4941U40 *.14'70i641-o .144001,3 *.4-400e74ot . 744*7U8*479 .111,IS413.tS .0?4144~414 .. t'5 44t10.4 j .11141641-04 .744~
10 *.*7&40~t .)745444 . 0*41 1"14 .471614.4 .. ..4.7.~ * $..'7 ~ t-4 .504
17t0 .t44L4t 0 1#t :1041 ~ "-%'.*5.3, 421#t41%44-4,
to till 121-47 01.1.o , 14.-41 -. 1 1014 It O 14 .siol-t . 0444-
,\ *4*. *4 47 '*4t~ 4 1 .14.5 1sIcf.-j W1.4fs .041 . .So4474 4.4 t 4tS$
-ltt-t - - - - - -11, -1
or1
44 411%s. t %i# 9 41t-.W-144M
Table B.16 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the __
Median Value of foF2 for April 1979
HARMONIC a 1 2 3
AS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
3 140: 0.0.10740040000 .2303040021o0 .:3o0!2000-1 .7230-1 d0350 .3720 10
1 :4708001 ;.1*90000 .030 1001 -.130094 040101 .131006.0 soc .119000440.01 a,0270103 *fl740170102 -.1 .2201.01 *.24441260100 is943010 .133430.1: -1S0051 .34410 a
I .1,07l4100.ot .1#4012101.02 -. 133533703.01 .990604019001 -.0114091 Of0 -.302160010601 .401337401.2"o ...... :100S07 *:14011940101: ::-t42O :1bl'IO01:002 2:QZ1 0, 301:
4 *239310603 .373003..1 *0412190902o .953247800.01 .9442170.0101 :j~qo .40 0 120 .930207 .260,22Z41-43 .42000%401-01 -. 1661,69M.,03 .1144 10001,01 -.21871400 1,0 *45135Z0.2 .3700.* -.1841Z3001-03 .A100*) -. 113149401+05 .372300 -:4912960(0102 .293092305:32 .S?21416?C.Cj1I -. 26M942010 -4 1 1 052) .1317740of014 *.11450140F.0 I 23'73 3 W.47 000701.02a -. 7649 3 0.
10 .40301.02 *. I170052 .339414010.02 097000 .2971123250, 4.7314.$01.01 .. 06733.11 .%24460401403 .14410140t.01 IM" I~Oo~'3 .08 01*02 -OO01Eo .100900 271720
1t .01114301.003 .1541110#001 .7394501 .11002220 -2802 )t 01-02 -.51647$00-01 02409014 -1113 -2429410-01 -. 1721999601 .159304809-01 .1704300.o-01 .1300805.0 .4,112043, -01 -.934HI00-2I
lý -. 1 0122140106.1 -.494149301-01 -.104W401-00 .11503UM30 0 *4,146771101.0 -,7802930S0.0 4.o111110o-44is ..124M 10, .00 .23000220601 1 .243115101.01 *34471190t.00 -. 776074601-01 ,S7zq19101.2j 061143430t01010 .112905706402 .1 % 140002 -U024719301+6 .1302603-00 1 -.121456103*01 -. 1712490t90.3 .12002730.16117 *.10916,3301.01 .11 2977300002 .69"Mo71060 -.143921401-01 -. 9770.1 -.14q940401.1 -26043010
?IS .2 04.06* .1214576001.4t -.149649606.02 -.209494004,02 .147596101.01 .14 1 0140 0 6.4033;4201 311 177731801.02 *.46"07701.01 .470414600002 -.3074020001.00 -. 1*4188401.2l -. 444651101.4t -. 611.7*0605.0
00 -5493010 -1222101.01 .753454601002 -.0163101300 ot .4036462006.02 .12473120t.01l -. 154410641+22 ' 104920.3 : -. 283S7900.0t 111211.401-4 .190813310+01 .212591400-01 *)00404000.00 IW?90i20 L.z
It *.:23303 -980010 123644440103 .137700420.03 -.290019201.02 -. 967201101.32z *43114004002.. 0900841.02 *.10195201.02 -.317125501+03 -. 119299301.01 .80811600C.02 U2116500102f 1017450
03 -11700*9.200010 -.041913701.03 .117394010.02 -. 433410 .99243010S.02 -. 99433101-03220 :4710,31701.03 .114133306.03 -. 101414301.03 -. 39L2490110.03 .125659001-03 .166721101.03 -.1046701.4.327 ?71 111,01.02 .2024*1900403 .901IM410003 .01603141*00 -. 14$11060f-03 -. *9..3823100.0 -. S130004010028 ..0421103 .311441106+00 .100 35091W3 -.101113101-03 ZI2414201051 .409t00000.00 *.6MI46.001*0224 .13673 00.03 -4174623441-00 .101115406.04 -.33044021902. *170461401-03 ,121160001-01 .111401001.0120 -. 41930206.01o *.16,467060103 .299111101.0% .316912001.03 -. 184240101.03 -. 127304400.01 .1WIM771.0131 *57696010".1 -. 110682930101 -. 113606106+" -.307036101.00 .1411130205.03 *4141101-2031 .24030401?0-d$2 .143020001.03 -.153604941-01 -. 1116464.01-03 *6134147010t3 -. 13839ZI01.43 -. 178440101.0Z .214437705001Is -. 149264301-03 *3W1001 01063 -. 336045010603 .201379301.33 -.449174700.42 S101219000912 -.00214,40i.023' .172090 .300410101.02 -.42421494 -t. -.106096101.01 .090932002.02 .:144,351a0i-0) -. 73249301.42
33 -. 6749305.02 .1490090"1.03 4010TS0905.03 Mt13040192-o7t 43000 -. 14,617103200. -47727*003.01
30 .994223606.00 -. 1601102000.00 4233 0 -.717623001.00 .771049100.00 -. S11441421-01 -.9045101051-0!37 ,0101000I*0 -.30770006 110-39110,010.0 OSOS903001.00 .44171t900-00 -. 413104000-1ot - .03720
6 .846040048000 .5596044001-30 *301171003140 .13699330t.01 .M9010401.00 .32380MI90040 *1486?3301-0139 030.360000 .2313)3530 .187411460"1 *330141601.00 *1M030M0101 .212419321-01 Fm4S48f2-*.7
00 .709000.0 .844351.4 .113720081 -. 047897300401 .911795001-01 .5210031010.0 -. 114290921.01'.4 .0003.1 .477604,16f+01 .. SUS0141-00 -. 10617601-01. -.810006306.21 .172172330401 .107%31%1.00142 :.75103?001*31 -M04948540414 -. 460114401.01 -. 41103,905001 -. 170319#012.01 -. 1513430010101 -44044439201-c41 -111?10306.01 -. 3t0000101.01 -. 303116101-01 -530S407706*31 -. 4603*1410301 .307302905.01 -210484
44. ?231110"t0 -. 3914907001.02 *.3171fI 0901. ,1869000 .. 401063401.0Z .122004830.-01 .1060.245 5 . 01,2101.01 -. 496041001401 ~.973000 .441663018052 .410944401.0t -. 100M31905.3 -. 011964001.0144 .11270?7000.02 -. 0133060 .700303 .04420.1 ........0o.01 .472191400%0 .310W110130047 .. 464327601.01 .149110.0 .11 71 5000 . 8314610001 .1S41*1401-02 -. 16149320E00 1 .343110501.3146 -. 6159164003002 .670*001*01 .417094701-02 -. 191441010.02 .931734101-02 -. 9603$7401-01 .01-10610.00 9 .49 -.13$26401601. -. 156294901010 .111101306.00 -. 70730006102- -. 762061tlt01.0 .143V04600101 . 43412s0 -. 229IM12fl11 .1001080.0 -23640000-4 -. 94000 60180601 -. 9140*1 -.3013710?1.01 -. 4701036*3C. ..$1 .541607000.01 -. 701$56010.01 -.111116016.02 .100913010.61 -. 21010 1-010.0 *71791970i.1- .14071,1It .10?771301.02 -. 541414001.02 -. 401014301-02 .Sl7t73901-41 -. 171137701010 .313011 05*01. .3)3006i3 .100293326+02 .16146430*01 U11344tol.0% .13630M0.0I .49110)000.0 -. 91*061206.01 .39413
9S 2.301060 -. 3490-*1 -. 412"00100190 .136034402.0 .L94SIZ010-01 -0)1313 .13243039 .1171301-0 -23907706.00 -.360413805-0 1 4119369)01.01 .11M46010600 19790600.2041 -.$W$3 "A,0.3
M4 .34779130*.00 -.144644701-01 t040341101-00 -.874666401-01 *.0921C 401-02 .316174101.01 -Z21162110l.0037 W19610401.00 -. 671411301.00 -.311216441.40 -.24001434t000 -. 14 '%40401400 -.119M631-0043 447*0
"_31216710 0011 .110311108040 -02001.01 t 1:103 1-4.020050 .0131310 2369.3 31823::19 .011)77400t001 :1031174001.01 -. 10 441401.0% .316460.0 1 $1 0 0006 00.1- -. 1 3 0335 1 114200.1a
00 -,1990770601 .12'7)90I01 -.1347340.01 . 10!930110 :.313301 .00, .04201 64336301' *. -14 001 .20309010301 .013039301-00 .101740102.11 .03'741i06.00 .013011300-01 -.41119400.24
02 -. 172313005.2I .'421390016.00 .1? GOSICI-01 .03004000.03 .141241k9000.0 -tbb00030501 -IM020.416014.0 .9464491010.00 -. 654610206*01 -.211313200.01 A.)t0%502 .021FI401.00 .13712006.20o -. 4162710.043
04 -. 41400.1 -. 0800-1 -7192001 -. 606010010-01 -W04234004-04 I -. 211005-1.1 2381,2-.5111004410306,01 .0l030 .1901401-01 .413301100-00 -.106044006.00 .241086#11 0 .040140.3
04 -Z134111001.2- .6400 0011 .103 07090400 .144016401-00 .60403'6801- -.301MI400-11 .430450t.7 .7,P073101-01 -.10Wf70200.0 -.130330700420 -.4%4?69301-01 .111014012503 -.323014600.01 -.10134911.3j
'-.4~6 -1 8 .141232001-01 .401734003-01 .220293306-"1 Mlotlol-ol0 -M,18 4130-ot .6301 0WW11 00485109 -. 949410001-0l .401814401-01 -. 111924106-01 .100099000.03 .1U112031.01 -104,114901-31 .- V34.W.40.
V1 0 -. 2721340f-00 -.1204701-00 WVU4003096. .432433000-01 .0032"1")-01 .4041-2 -.36,3.CVI 1 .6096C101-001 .01700tio6-0 Z114114.140040-3 . 062001-41 .1-1t01'44 -01 .101023310.1k . 02166'
II 0 .754400301-0 -.31 020-01- .,43441013301. .16001Z4601-4! ..399438018) .1M33,208-41 -1.3411144-i:Vil ,00200470(-02 .100,97401-01 -.2023064110-22 0443000 .313063 ,3210P 9363*1
.133010 -241300 -2014 0 -. 14$31083 1-01 -110$1101.4-01 .'980632 .520,
IX x .. ..... o421.0I -.14413019-01 -.o1014301-02 -1 4330-1 .63462 .. '90-4 .30s2-
98
7X; -- .. 77 7
Table B.16 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for April 1979 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 5 6
XS 7 8 9 10112
1 4000.0 .79tI1141341. -.13 S90100 40.0 .09617040t-1 -. 1414749401.44 .94*10303131.4* .413044. .11%813401.61 -. 110)150470. -.22761109014- -. 4240441 -41.0
* *.*' 4 .00544?* .1.11 * 441?00.1 *3l101769 -40 .14#03 331.090 AtI4101101.41 .073)10£ * .310000040 5461*0331+1 *.0020846401f4 .1I30043101-0 -. 210101330%3 03'340
4 *.100430140 *.44?II51.Ol .1041645@301-4 *146768?16010 -.1041330601.0 14o 41t9* 3 .*009404.e .13l4910.O0 .1644*41004.1 -.030211031.02 .00t484401.3-415041@* .,, -3931901.3 44)tl00.1 .1441609014014 .19270101-01. *.10104030.3 .150.U1.
10 *.0404300.) -.tS33f0E*0 .3t4'I??I.31 .371f146101.3 -. 10134901-01 034Ot1* I11 .13)4)34 -10t00to0 .01593M00? 4 -.177010 f.?013 -21$1434301.01 -. 136?09401.0%.
13 .1410064-03-.3143)3411 -. 410931-0X .194643?0t-01 -.?1910003-0 .24)91-01It -. 503949394 .144 30.00 .4413?691 211* 14104003- .719009201000 )Z141
15 *111103040 .166,01#13-01 *.S14445141.46 *.410900101+0 .362403337.44- 3)1314
it -.10364741-031 ..3 14-1 4004*o000*.103001 .2644440731.01 -5.?37*0fl301 .144430431-021 -.7141700U440 .63400403.01 -. 0447004 -. %?419t13.4 -.137103330*31 .16714143014"
49 .. 144011106618 -.3126SIM531* *.34201*090l-341)I1-30011'1 .4404..401S31009 . 01144 18 0643 .t440.3*4040311. -t lotrat0142 *64)0146tol-
33 .300410003 *Il3160001 *?*301+04001 -.13,6117601.3 -.171301044#0 .140404141041to -4140460 W46)717191-4 .14011)01+041 *.10491644414 *1)1011661410 -. 46e524614.03
00 .?90t9043 *011300U .1.04101,9.x 41 o1aoo I~*t0 -.3314AS1440214 .401,9H0, .0334*Z-190404 44101 ..14*31042.01 .43l110
3? .404140"0010 *fl0,140610361-02 1014.3 *033 0 -M464S14-41 -A"414,01-01.%0 1660toO.62 J260013031*42l -. 0 104 109010 .104614l14s3 *.&U00194400
-.4301001104-01 .11,67404 0103 -. 194o413314 *.20000401403 1 101 0 .144*0404101.1"1611t01ze01o .fl0,49U0 -. 411111441-01 *.1403.3 *[email protected])l.
is .104126014-4 ."?13103194-4 .9109764130.1 -.830014010.3 .11100.3-*433.
46 .31$14100.01 -.3014SOMII0 .44%103161.4% .0S411040100. -.3104t01oblt - 01469204100o.s' 6l414160010 *3401'30.loo3 -.149093443 -. 167101-00.0 .11611I101.31 .11141449433
30 60410 -. 1 161)0-3 04064010% -. 110141301-40 .1114203419-W -.43000t40-40 .344044144341' U*101*-01 .444900403 .0013341-1 .711044341-01 ..- 3041I41-31 -.1441101414-04
tO .103341043 06I40310-4l -. 101011910431 ..3)000140.41 -. 41121)?3001.41 40001** 39 -474431901 POT&W-.140?@00 -.4100140I41 -. 440t4M0 133614441 -. 67141041143
40 1)0110441-.100033371 .6"5413110-to -. 001441 0039 .31011 -U21644,339'1 .44409 -444 10)1%644-01 -.11T440301044 *.43IM14?0331. 34001 .1616144614140 ~ -.340401 -. M0014341-1 .l143300.4% .).5111004 *041000-41, 044305041 .3?4)0£.67411441401-41 01144)4010%4 .17t114033.01 -. 1031)400.0- *.110714301-61
* .-. I~~Is 1 :T111?10431 ::110th40000 :Iltltol Z414%T4413001 4% 1~43-It -ASI'SVI**10 -. 141,767019.4% -1516%571141.3 -.144614441-41 -.14114003.1 *.130030
4? .10110341 .441U010049.1 *.31?A4kk00044 -.3011304AW1 -. 4A144410. .161144441-610* ..* . 13001004 *44003to0 .101114400.01 .01031404101 OSM4014-003 .12311-30.441
* ¶ -407309.04-.314430.1 .lt3010 .13434)03041 -90011,144.4% .110200lt043
I v .41.1001*141444 .1114144010.44 *.'140040414*l30941
It -W40.041004 -. 110?41h-91*10011 04 -.004401folt44 *.41431f14403 .3034100 .401001 .411'09 -.4014W000-42 -.3'148H-al -C3t414111004446 00ttt04 N40I00*004 1 .0I414401.000 -11411M$164% 4t1010 10030.0 .04144
41ttt. .4*049040.1 -0 .-l41114044-44 .4*010otlt-01 .4010*0 -13040#.43"Iv ::IbMqt9.ttl .1110%k0ilf 6 .3110044041 lloo~ OI41-.1003.0 .t014040 -. 1010.044.441 IM4111440441 .10,01t *lt114 .t03096 .14003
00 *100't~e~tt .114'00030tto SA4141190"l9 .. 10I313t0.3I -. 030140 -0411
to .410414 -4o1.1twol*0l .313031'31. a-tm-.1134000 .0140,124109 *01010
VI*I440.t.0411049 4))000 .431404 300100-903.01
43 .41'OIOPU .0014410.01 .)430000.34 .0434934.03 .lt~o?4390 101443041
4I x 344104 .4040.4*114000 047400 .1041-0.043043V~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 40-t00361.1010*0 -311t0-1 .00f0-4 -134100 4.0 400.43
90 .010179*43 .4004000.0 .0.14400.' .143000)*0O.. 110713031 .lh0~I3ID40 *.')1103 .00013-1 *-.o'304 *t4011-o.4I~4t4o1*0000194
Table B.17 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for May 1979
HARMONIC 0123K~~~ ______ _________ ___________
__0 f 12 3 4 5 6* ****i*.a .flgi*I.W *1,o1fct16 2*I441,01:01 .7Ufl -04 -.106143400-0* 40VV4101-94
I .126*046tI01 *It*ITSIt@IN1 *.11211H154142 *03114,01-41 -1$1111401-02 6001600.I 4t**3I41
.l~W~4Vtl*.~t~*4ft0t .. 4d*04a-.19148601.0t .64'4h940f.OZ .15111630102t .10401tgl*'d.I 1e~4 t ..ioqt.* sfl*eo44 043001.02 *.14l401101.03 -.5161411OS01-0 -. .50 200
* *ao**s1a1, .ilI(fE.3 *.12"20t-0i.3 *.10030101I.02 .11624940E-02 .1100I0010 lU@id I IIQ*** .1051*-.1668?7leg.03 -. 300116"1*.~i4~0IC .115940141-4) .0?40714,1-0 .2%441160-
1* .1i*I11W001. -.4116101.h01~ .64331281+42q .957STSXOI.0l -.S&SW914O1.01 *.52904SM*101 *.214717449-01it *8404?4t *.0460t . 0a~oeo .344560401.01 -.48biU9M4.H 4.41A0 .. UiSL
Ii .69532616140 .*Z If.l .1194T69014 -. 169440*041.0 .91040 *t00O *-.111377?01-01 .74441420"1
-:, 0684'4 1-e01* IS101?.4f.@1 -. 536416441-00 .180700*qt00 .10OZ141001** 4041 01 .0 11N1440i.gais *.11SIOW91*41 *0*4000flS*O1 .14906641#61 -.55$714401-04 41810.0042#04 .l143(O -.167Sbfl -iis 14T44 .2142t~01a~ 1 .u104 .WX,1.43646 *01091.01 .&41100150*0i .1.1?1?401.4I31 *.ital4%I~ .1040414U.: a *2240601"'. -. 109i11649.4% -.4213004011.4 .39*1*0 tUllI0
0o .ooz~ it~ee ,enio *.1u1S4190oofo -. 17425010.40t M.4001041+4 ..SICI 1304414* - *.. ii .IOW~~~~~40144t -. U14"349.02.l.*t*440*S4,tt *298191001.04 -.412110101.01 *42981G
ii *100*918 *Ifl)86146 .1utWr109m02 .14150. 0*740311ca*0l .6716$8101-01 .114144601-140U *'S14031141+6 -.gI.Iqftl-oIt .11492061-01.0 *4U81a .03bOII S440.0 .1304440446.U
-. 1711ASKU43 .19l144$70942 *413153lS0161-.6*011.Z114001 -. 200000100.4t .~*41SIit~ -.4,4445341-0 -.011U2414166 *.89tG1104101.8 *littOU0I+03 -1U40.6 .014SU1326.01 004L64*.41q4140w"t .111170441-31 .ON04 .14236001-0:. -.4ao112001-01 *.11tJ6blI0I.0 -.01161044602.
16 S1I00141-41 .111440101-03 -. M,3S19I,44 OtIII.3-10440.)-?H931O *.131110490103it *t*9040*)OO *.I416006*I01 *46437M?*.4$ .1*?ASZt0'G S. b0k0 0 ik*Wo40t~cf Il~0
.5"9114014U 410 4.169773612 *2400414400.43 -. 14471041? .03 .1333004401* -. 10f190601-01 -.41Wl1106I41U *.SOl~k*4) -)S40*)0t0) -. 044**140 .463379410t .414011046010 .6I050101.0 14.*11I
11 *.00400. *fl4.~f@)-.*)48*ge010 *.161019201.0 .1&004111*0O) -. 1*0970100-01 1%440104-634.U .~nea~k(4t .171*1401410 -. 4?01321"641 .003 14*40000O ~.211%741) 03.4 .0)4* oo.0o
* - U .etftl~'**8 -.*4110?000.*0 .400-106t9I* -. 041O.&010102 -MI474101-41*00OOE40-114451 *t4114110143 U.TI*0611010 *.SS4001901.03 -,o#41156404. *.ael,1.UM-0 .71M304??4100 .444?4
0; .1104610440 .:'t.6116o*.a144Z o~ .0041161-41 .910408.440.H -1110~0440! 01 00.4is -. 1490#0*~ 100141 ?16SU t1 .224111004) .40301309.0 *411100 00M~0* .31)1M410-410
34 *.62240#w0* -424e*I* .. 40T109+40 -.)41V4tt'030.01 .4H0. -. l*419S01410 -161O.fl0i*017 *.14411 QN00 -. 3156440U100 -. 261971014*0.1*540G4 -. 10i~46LIM.O -.HII1G.1AU-.410144
41 )10U* .16*08I"40 -. 1317041-440* .14610001.441 .?.3411.) -6001-040L .13010'*4ttO0*So *400144 .14t06*1~41 .1444118"f40 -. 31318tial.4 .1'4041016t4Z -. 3MV0liGO'Q *41H.*1410-44 .tt4fN*0*0tt44*S tIM940 *S1?l004 .04,1140?1.4% -42tl14llO.04-*4Ih-141 *.1449406140o" -. 1l1144"t41 .391110"2400~ -MISS4?0t5.1 -.24I01tt0% .401041-4)000
I .1014f#00140*1 -. 1114ttUU -9440-02.4 .2102114H0-44 -29?H'41.Q060 A0011030C01 .614010001.4101 .11041W*0 .tIO2?01?41* -.11111101-6 .41146401024. -. 131,t)oS-oI.1 .104I .I0410104.4%
*4 **UUU4* .11s 010-l *aoUI. .4011011401-1 Mo0tllol-az-SU40~.'-40?)S4Ill .00*444e14t ZIU* .*t400t .3410?014010-4 1 S40I4 .2610440000.a4 41S0i4S00-3
04 .611109-101* t0eW# .1111lIS140 .)04404 -614001010002 .ib1011ibo10 -114401"4-40100 *t~tSIS4 .1411001 .106411#04*1 .I4944 I*0000@ .10%6100"I.0%.lhSt0
is ~ ::?flI4t :t1504044l ,O4'INI* 046371t1-01* -::)*if0)O10:- II .0449441*40* *HW1?4-40.4 *0*4it0*0I0*1l .41100I441. -.164111601-01 t*I.4 .0144*S4* * *1904?U.4 .t~tesoI -IM10114I*901 .401164*415$ IUi'0.1*10401*1 .I1%41144I041
* '* *1 1014?*M*e -.101*444.4i*.10001444 -. 14?lti* -. 41tt11?0100 .4000.1*11114*
-* .4"?010 1-40 *.111?0- .0414 144.0 . 9 1-t4 00* t .140141-*41 *.oo4,tal-al I411040* 00 -. 10*03614.4" 011#11404-44 *14410141.*t -. 111410g40 .1b" oo- -. S$4P-4 1661010-20 *?9c01
* 4 ~ 11460- .011*.4:141 i'4F41 .I4'0140tU'1 ta.101%11111:06
11,606144.41t.1 M40101-1 011141010C-I- V -:N4,0 - -. 1140-1 01ao161
*.*0040l .34I411144{61 .14111"14%*4 .19'1~~ P41 0 al.0 .000104#14.* . aMI its 0.0LVi -. 1'**t40 4,14104-44.4 1311,4104.41 .*441246 ot0 z .... 10010,*.4t,041#143
.41040* 4 "444tO 4-914 . 14*0t404 0 0tH-41 .IlsH?0)4-41 .ll tTel-clt -.I41411146-
*.0-1446*t10-0 M?.44SM040 kt9414"IT494 .410210419-2 $1,43,#- t12 ...
* .. ; .10*104141 .*tt,~*1-4* 0#~4**tF4 *.P*0I0 010-0 .2 WIM0It43 *.0414t04.4#( .44
141441-0. kta444tvoa-61 AMtIA4*41 .*0*0401 *.',tiolpit. 0t44401*.ot
44 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' 004I40.SWktt
*... .... .... .... ........ t
.i .. . . . . . . . ... 4.
Table B.17 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for May 1979 (Continued)
* .. ~HARMONIC 4 5
7 S 10 11 12
* 116 1.01~~i 49107941-6I2 *:2M0,1~4 4101 170604100I-01 :714t070"fB1 ..0#08S62143
S -.109471701441 -.117149801-4 .10i1461(146% .121IH.4101- .$1 4,44901-01 .44146S1141-011 *l60S?114061 .19414601-I01 -. 191?0016 401 -d1l8 .4i1 *.61$474?1041 -. ..s71fSU-01
I .11I441tS0144 -.191101701-00 -6.?1201.1-1 -.10612130i,41 .51616510144 .1017U.16611714191-0 ?61%S.64*4 *S4S20200102 .1flh31010001 .71441*0I*44
-111401 .3310011101-@1 .1234"4141-0 .40fl$,WI.0I -.1419?0301.01 -.. 143410,01-001 "1SS*444 .191911941-4 -. 4flS931o.4Z -.??0t1454e.@ *55094001014 -. 394*06701.01
IT94110 .Sttli .41l1000**4 41)Z*B*S.0 *l01lsS6 ei .S0$ft*#* .519170401441
II .01901094 .)t?480*1 *16701+14 .4414,14140tl~t *I,?4 .ISSWI6i041-11 .a~.)101o,-.4t*01045 .42s,76T0-01 U,301946?0.01 *.tooG.0 .eO1479"tw
It *t~ii~~ 14410. .3M11440 *?IINI0 *.1.44.@ 11144NI001
1, :10.1:114441,41 -1-1111f-13 -.USA14"t0 [email protected] *.11101101-tl *.141061641c.1144-61tS~~o .3t16146801-0 .01164941-4 .81001000l.01 .3S1447764"1 -. 161494441-4
14 *S41*103ff0S M.11661,491S.41 *1ilS*0 .SWII&S0I.0 *tuAM O4I .IS?,,H
is ..6919110.044 *.441146101-0 -. 0q944I1-00 -.30694041-0l0i.I04 It *.640111841-to .ifl41"0I4.O *00lf#S .3S10,614-4 .17,151O41 .191ISZ .I1QW.0 .S0425*144-0
-: 131134716091 -.41007,01-61 *.1401totSSS* .'$1401004to -.16339730040 -. M6I1t41*01
1: .10 t t 11 lt:*%O 101,44404-041 -5O051.0 1,* . :*f0tH@ *de 13s4WS4
1 t 91 10m,000-1 ..Iiu 61-o -. UISSSo 1S)UIt .. t".19142-01 -.11 44I414440 -. 14114401S-01 -.i14.t19401.4 -. 1$4410691-61 -. 9S)00141001
It .111IO1434 04 -. lt~16MI0G I .I001t *.4.001-0101 .6090,4at10Si1*.ltelIt -. 1401%710#41 -.13191001-0 -. 16215441-. .SIIO -41 * 101601-61 .841WOS.4.W9It -. 40405701#41 .642144~4-01S -.V10#44441-0I -.409440014.02 .1 VI441eSI. -.13416101*014
24 -. 1t0"11444.6 .Io42414434-0 ASIS0410146 .s-M~ui IsS 4i.01 *.1..UUSIto'.Ii *41I4.1e5.eI *.1S.uiSiS01 -. 40,ise Ih41044-4 -. 153744,10144 -.1114030'04It .)11W4200.4.01 W*9184-62I -.I0411464401 -. 02500102414 -. 3t,141414101 ..I81S00i"'
* .22136101 '1 -. 211181441402 -.447114101-01 .1110Wl1 *.31,114144" .15160141HI M4114?4i1 00414144, .. r1~44 -. 21441051405 *.161717*I4440 .1114916045504
'1111.5110o163 15100.l ..IS'110I041 .1llS3&140.SI .22104004,0.2 *.2t0144149-0iaJ -.S0*1.41174. -. 41100004.* -.122.S0mGe02 -.I)14191641- *.44409106M92 ASSOU40041-1
14141W 0-63 0l0-1 IItt4 -. 13IS41t00.4 .15,1910,04.01 .50'4-.. )1.0.0i .34442444.S02* -.164014441.42 4I4O4 -. 4110S1440I4 31q0t
34 *I .16,64744u.4t -.1issu40.8* .12400441-01 .1sU1444.o I ..Uo1M364.4 -.01414541"t
. 90410P170 1 -. 1461404101 -80 149414040 .130001. 02**St~Q. *.1st1550041 *.1"m64401t0
st1 .111041441.8 .414'11444-010 klq77q1oI.a1 .452W.I141-41 -.20431810101 .t*11104901
11 -:14.414- I.411140 I.19914 ý11$1
. ..%*0* 14.1 .I'.iD,*41141 .00 Itttg.4I4-e *.OII$loltSi .oltl *.S161411144-4
44 .110116%go41 -M6*6044146S$.*A1 -.43161441t-00 .4001S63941-4 **oflhI44S41t
1 4,00040119sl" 02444
Is .31 4.4" -W1.14 .sS~tt .11854.
.7.
Table B.18 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for June 1979
HARMONIC 123
-~ 01 2 3 4 6- 2
' tq~@.# .50-461-011.01 .1214420go1.a .142ozoso 1 01 -.13 a191ia.01 .zo?lbillomao lI2?2*O2 .*111210? .11414'I01E00Z M03?1O1O S 21?14Q -.at1202 ...)20I0 -. )2fl0IO
* *.991110.4l ..2221011 - 0 42421-03 -. 101M201,0t -.443510M0.01 -. 6164110.ii00 -d@OOIIWI*Ol* .822)8IO.01 *29201.21 -41*09016O10 .. 25120201.01 .81402 .*301-040 -. 144141401.0I
10 .l*11102.0 .'2?0S0I.2 .1211270Sr 113P000.02 -.0 0 40¶ 1-01.0 -. 10464,01.01 .711 0021.I012 *.14I10I0 -92122.I~a *a40221.Z .O270@l01 .217toot0100 .113W1201.01 .. 41011,0 1 1*00..
- f *so 4O*00 M,03101-01O .1$41177019@l o .4 201* .02 -4MI401010* .l4flO.*04.l0 -. 449404244-41* 12 .112922001.01 ~-.2 912201.O4 .*424.01 .,#l l.C0 .2 0Pe01-00 .12270.0 .16S501101444' .091?00.4¶ 92*'00100 .1704119101.2 .. ,419141.C .?010144 .13494?40(.ot at1442.0-
I2 *02l2p'l .190001 -. 124l"Z10.11 -. 1$146T4.0c-o t1460101-01 .41010414.13 .496051040.4024 14t~1041 .1).0S0 .01?o.01 .0g7112100,o1 ,402160624.40 -.1194001910. .851414kg~o -'
2? .1t4l4C.11: Zl163*ia14011 il~I~@ 02?00.1 .m220 .*0241S01.00 110,I41 .. a0 '011200.0 34$12?46101.01 -. 1020212100.4 .f924017"01 A1180620441-00 -. 1117169340.1 *.1 o"Mot00.
17 . 149l4cf01 *!.0124.01l- .4#14410414.01 .14.421?1141.01 *OUT4419ce0l .960110?11-00 -. 942064.40* . fl ..42I?ov94z61-0 ..I 19P94at.01 .1619490 9-144 AURS5140g.0l .1 2.4240 -. 41)17411001-01 le4~I0
14 *.416011041-01 21404%W0190 ,101004toool )?)-of0
.21290. 1 - 0*12463101 -. 2019213010111 -. 1?0*2341041
P3o .1-94611,1.00 .1494160404. *.111 0 214 -. 241171t004 .1170?94102*4 .2100,04*2 010 -. 19W00-0124It **9i100 17??202 .2227410402 -1.119,0~914.42 )221t0 -6731967,4.10t -. 44466401-010
it9 *3*9101-01 .0t162 5 v4 .126140W41-0 -. l1114?7201.0 .1192097 .3411321301-01 .0??0II ~ ~ ~~0 -. 1,2,0 ::1?260. -. 32.00.0.2 .07*00 .1t0423201603 .21021020.40o .1601.29241.
* * 1 .129.9'0.40 .249F161a0 -. )2"?2401-01 .0*8400944.4 -M691901-01*0 .)7400 .4169110.40.01t*. . 42424.0 -. 219'204.0l .0fl9?12.4 .206134012 .01 -. 01112'20.4 .31010.* .?40900
* . ~~~ ~~4 .192704 .11MR144200C0 .1,1?4400.0101 -. 12346*0104.0 .924240.43-.20,200 *.4*0117400.41* 11 .22021927~~~~~041 -..*24204e -. )I0004 '417 ....... .. ,414410240.04 1 970.1.0224.
22 t2c*1?.0101 *4192t0441.el,0 -!W*l1 ~.0 .14420'190090-22?100 1000090-009202Vill?10000 to 01221l .10)7940900.4 .62014006014 '22002 10024.2 .00z14
- 90 .29219000 .2400710.12..114*11401.01 .494040 .14901101-01 .211002041-01 .420,1,41-010
Wo*.01?0.0* -. 41419410.Q0 .114.042001.03 404000 -. 24900*14103 -. 0?201021104 -.04324M01.01
743 -.94104 I.40 -. 1121%461100.4 *.71011014.00 . 91219 .%44414451-00 -. 22?14%go"I 4232490JJ .11112"e40. *.Ii1~4147:901a :..l16S0 0:1322120 .2421iG: .110971104"21 ::?1i4?t20rn:O* I .0211.040* ~29910294 *.4171204-019 -. 110631%s40.0 .410140104-00 .14411".000.0-014120
: 41010 .1616U14090- :fl*1401140* W111tf:9 -40~II*0 .3 04242010 .131041108*01* 42 -.29*02240.44 -.394424021.94 .1141004.61 -161062200.4141 100lI -,212La00t0-00*290*21
* ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .... -2 .01211.2- a3t14t .d2?42,01444 .70116tC00010 .2221*47.22417404.3% -. 1"1441040.1110 .4142000.t -2421414.0 -10442.4.1 .20140.1 .2),4144414-10 .00232044103 -001409
94 1490004 ..411CM241.0 23.42-0.14141H*2440 .6490241601-0 -. 141114441.21
*." 114 -Olt::lotol: ot -. 44112*114100 24419
42 . 9?2919.4 .4*205W1419tl -. 1114"4e122 1 .119934 9.41 M"1641.2 41 .02 .212420644-1 .. M01 11-614.jto '4 4 .4?74.2 .27i040 -. 241'01141.01 .32 .4144al *.223 0612 t *.6812&0921c
*~.t 414 -- 9%114.t19A0141-44...
'.*90111 .4.4.44 "9124401 .9*0it9 03 ti~ 1 44 42099-0.. 14140
4.Ie.43
It~~~ 41104
'4102 tC110 W., IO .41
*4Table B.18 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for June 1979 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 56
S 7 8 9 10 1112
o 5 *1 01~~-0I ::194190?1*-40 M.el~O-i*18tIi4 ,,slIot- .2141tS1l44*-471,ttO.* 1346121~t.6100~ biI40 .ltlO. "Sloolop&44I .0St60140"t4
-:9141404*lt610 .tt9O. .4916.0 .19,260 .17?93"010.40 -43$30304lt03O
* I I ~~~~.1013431910(4.43 It#tl .tI'39@ .1117020142c .dll) 44*00 .19*hfO* -.uiotopoi ':1s44104151*-01 1.O .t*0731)O01.4 -1.040o1.tiCI.0 *.110tSOl1*3l
* 7 -.lO~~t4*0OI~~@* .041111706-01 -409'tt.07001-01 t~*O .0I9Sittol0 .)I1o)6)* .l~ltgtI.t .024't 41IO01O -. I1906314060 dl34.O .111441101401 .2407444S14141
.1O111411t,01-0t2* 2C6 .10?05I.0o-t .321015401.01 *.0401@'941*01 .))lt3t.4I"10 -. 2421110l .*~101-01 .6077036or.01 .91440460I,0O *4?t6i0 -.124144,701-01
* 1 -. Sl73f.0 .140119701-01 -. 11249401-014 -.1010441-0.2 .1404,1411t.41 -. 111410741.)L
1) 1 11,4100".1 .577141t01-04 .I10I1"00t-01 . IATZ III JO-01 .04?41*14001-01 ~ OI1t .1.1931"014" -. 16012044.40 *l07"1101-01 .14t@@)0C141 -.07?064901.40 .11U0694410*016 U239~t~44 0 *t01 .611 14,40 M%191W0@ O.@lflO61 e .1t01.0 0 1211,011-3)2
37 .. ityfllsoI.01 .11300U001.01 -..tl~t0 .044679471.00 [email protected] ZIIII216 -. 32873441I.01 *5thfiblet.Ol .e*41IS101.@-04, 1t1S0 *tOOO -l.117007?'4.20
4-.tI93*6"1101 -. 174440714061 -.St4ttl*10100 *%127?0001.01 4,00.I .?O'S2
01 .tt*004 .40M8141061t~ .14146144.01 -.660l1141.01 .44t61G *SS0Q0)
It *.t414201*006 *I.tt0190410*6 .417035640-0 *.1473t741.01 *.410t0001.01 .olth.iAP .3?04041.01 -.2466*Z .144%0416.010 .04444S41.44 X1t11t .141?0"01-31
11 6. 1*170 1.62060 ,t~lt .114l9181of60 -StI4tlto'0I.1 * i.00.* *1114210C.110It .~tI¶212. *z~iI14.0l .14It4tt30". ..lsW"PoC?1 .17900101.41 .4uotis
it .*419U.1 .732104W1.0 lt-io.0-lfltq.1 .l401t4 -.0411,'124.0114 -. 180101471401 -.116110141-0 -.10400tO4400- tt02@t .tliqg -.I1701al46-41
30 .V40110141.0 AS361462413 *30?t01 -. 13111*491-01 -.44MltODS.01 -.111145M.0)"1 .1"V4141-411 -.lIStttIS@-41 .111"1641O-03 -. 44II'011441 .ItU61501.2 *.*12107100-12to *.1tttI.6 -. 1tstltt'4I-3 -. 114444"0.02 -. t06ttt-001 .-tIIOE .4514#0101-31I to '40401O.4v *..44014430I0 *.167,11010061 *.O1itltl1t.W 411110101.401 *.l6I800&0I.
31 .14.10420141t0 *.41,401N6.t* 041W4 .SS.10flW M1012fSa4 **1t4)1401qq..fl41401.01. .14001ekl-ol .ltlK.1060410 .tl*61 -1t)06-t.G*~~~~~~ 1 M 0-0 .7114%0U.0t .~aIao ltttt4 *.)tt 13iot. -.49456S~i
s' I 014?1t"41-1 *)tt741N.001 *-tt lO4 -.1941-t .004910001 .141AGlC401 )1$1t01I
tO .104tlt 0-tlS6 *.ttt4tt041o -. 1)34460 *3H1t1U401-0 -. 11%S1t4169-0.13?llt
to *l4W.t-71t16I 41144t1 .ftl44 .116016400.4 96130*-:*171,114141640 .1747t1401-41 ..430?US641 -. 181101400.0 -. 11140'3~4. -. 3110t0P16.1
It 11.0t124344-11 .401?141610t *.It44,114S. ..44046.1*34.tI4 t1144194.4t 1434 M41-041 -.17170661-94 -T134)01414- 09t64# .131,10-0 10tt341.,I .Ut?0140141
_It .tISIt-t11' *.110tW3-41 41,14120S.01 .1141t06040 12404t*)tf)14141 -.)13It46171-
IV 4 *.6t))43441-44 tO1 .1'04.14641 *t04t-41. .14141061
016t *IISSWOR-446t .21114 .10U4Il29tol4 .T121441)116.4 -. 1lt41"441641 -601,01-40 -611411314042
* ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 4 .11t 41W21-414 -4~t4U*166.g0 -. 14SM14166.4 .304W111-00 ,31*i.t *dhU?-0t .I1044t3611141 .vIl?"0410. .1t10MIA141 -. 1t4t4)t6#.0 .%1t0I4-4l * 016041-011
*9 *941111413 -.1*11619016-t .614169345.44 4 .170111144-41 *.M4 0114141 #I -A tl)01-))
14 6jt3tIt*111346e.tI$?4oj61*.&9jt14 *.114311W2141 .116761631-04
- It -W41414111t(S41 tt''f, ,113Ut3'0*1 -. Z1,611611-41 *d1"Wotl?4 k9*01134401?it .111141tt6044 .1't4%I4W12.0% *.90t1tct.I .. *21ttett041 .41P0,010.11 M1*1)t-1-s%I .14t*92 .64106010A." .6I441341.43 ..4112411$11-6 "*.tIo.33104.4 *d904t44t.e
VI 4 -. trk,01141-411 .11SM0641841 .1404)1t'tI-t Viftt,11t41-1 VI6614o
..t -t4tl*t10211o-4 *.0.1*01ttf-t -4t*t4,0104-1 -,%41tt#4.kI *3
VIII~ *?flS~t44 I~ttI~~l .t47*~I0-9 *txlttbtI$.*% 4110t04%,46-4
. I I M 1-11-. ,1U034
2............ .' 004M-4 .to -It .. .. . .0"411t141$ *:***Mtt .4** k~o
. . .43"M40-.
Table B.19 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the .Median Value of foF2 for July 1978
HARMONIC a 1 2
XS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
* * ~.631061041-01 -.153631)01-00 .344491301-00 .4912046P* .)64*,-at 1.?fi0* .9141461.01
* Z91U46@t .11*)06*l .00524.1 *61?*.O *1?~16 ."2104100016.e -. 1611640"US .Z~tV.14*E** .U14 1 1 .011,0 01** .* at*IO .04L*1O**10to .14449V**6.01 *.46116 19*4
* .1t11076101 ,lZ!iOO** .104*I* l5?66** -'111SG 3411*.L .1U ?I
4 .72117120#14 2 ..103494744-01 *.76441201.* .401. 1.O .)4T1lOICS2z* "'l -. *4?6 a64 .iO1?Z99.*3:2 1041)4701-01 .141&10600t** .:110?1l6*20- .21s 1f@ .Q OR .*$11616101*4* "%total6.@ I4l146O
11 *[email protected] .'?.41 .4?*44 P01*6* 1.*4'? 1001.$* .l40l401 1:01 .,4)**6l *.01 40?4*?*
-1.44176 10, . O 1 .117091C11:.01 :141 444446I *'1 1 .lO?1631 2,* .1)"41 1* $164?4S$49401 .tt9 .4fl4 0.-4.Z591. 4*-41 .91 4130, 1* .U4*199** .0 -'*4:14301-0 -t"U1401024 C -.1040731 -06*l .1 194
16 .)49*.l-.12094410* *.4410.1 at14446* -. *6*t6* 3:01f1@1 -404§416*.0114 .444)1'41141 *.S~~~71601-0..1 .474?sX0ou0o .14414410"z.O .. 4WO446* -74M4434 L *.*44)
It -.11420964,67 1*4o49.)* *164t 6IO Is#4106* -. 2711611*6.4 -.4 :41"fS6* %?11409W90"1
*1 .4`01! 4 *a * 1. 14)1 1 -.~o 161::::Io a 01)1133cf900 -. 1011"a to.* 474 $6 -.1 1O 1349'et4"19t .141446* J36411 441 -00 .1 -. 4,4601431: .717271096.)-00 3 *)I* -006 304619 00@ .,? 441A .*21 244410610-41 .14~7416O 49U*6* 1**11401*-6146@*9 .1156**. 1 4 1f901-30
It *J1410.t .1 41-06*1 R)?ollS .401.1 19111004I t1 4*4145014 .464P0,123 ) *1 -0111f6414':" '361419.1 .4**9*I* -." 1 :0@l6 .1 1 -: 4.0 .11*43106 .$?1 Ratio . "t ,:Go49.*
* . 11~~~~~t .tl? @6M *) a *4109* -.964:141001-1 -11435609:4 .*09991* "I1446* I1*841900asIs *[email protected] -444.10 -44? 11901024 .e!2444UO .4??0 .104440l1.44* *&?B6,
li.4I&4719.4 -.10414S406~1 *.at 46I* .04)?I6 a .)302 '416-40!1 &1*1t4* 19100a.4S41t &'~io -.436*,,,o6.h1 .10$ 11404*a.**!-1741)10*f01 -.34mm 16*4*so a .144I4* .)446*11 1 4**'64 161"'01*.0, 0.12741010t -.4401?0001.01 -.6*444071-ot .4 124114l6.@l -. 1441940@6-01
It "ISM,1*.4 -:lo444*111.*@ .*6?10I4*6.** *.6*81244*. 411 6 741)*10102 .1`116164*6-411? 3.74061t 41460 -4'ti@4MOI* .. 1636U171.**0 -:46.103 t4 *2 -. 61? *t6 3 Ole,66 * :.)167404.414
16 112?4'6.* .t@116@l@1 101*i~I- 1 706,'640t.1 .0 1464 .5444106.401: 219644?460- 14~~~~~~2 -. 40140243 .0144 7 6V*01.03 -.6114611 .01-4 1 *46t i .1 '40*1 *9?16l *4 14 16444 -. 444Z40 W1.0*010..1140t-a-.b 10.0 *44846O .16956104U02 .27441-366413141 -d114441*I.*~ -.1 *d*6*4@ O10.3 .1)564*34100 -.0 141)1 -.1411*0.$14 -. 66146* ..?49t10644 .14e?0.l not ~ m094 -1.4142U*."1 *411?6 .*6440416.1.1 -:.146121964-61 .149449649.l1
~4 *41149109* .041?i4*6*0* 44 014436~* 1.41644? as9 .13411,101-6.l 1 ?614tl 44?441~~1" *.1694@t4 of*4U1l .*14 0 3*4 4161.*07001- -.l14'41SOM33 -. l ot a446 .4I1 -06I
- 44 -.4'1014t66490 .16?196* .119140 6.4 -.. l*496-4 -.431110026.01 .14411.4046.01 .15st6*61?446*1l0- . 61 .11)161~~04*6*6 .1 5lq6* *.40 441* -. 14*1111644l -1 .1 23444.4 *114810l .44.0 1814*4i.
61 )41440.* -.l4tht'l**.* *4'4*l4 160t64 -: $1t40t06-1 .4044*1 -141164* 11i ::*14684.) 114@tI@ .1"1l90 .441114 .4'4.16* *.*4**.1 1464
120 * '47*60"1 -.11131611O-41 -.300641014 -03 *.10416I4)16.t .54 1 1' ':1'6-1 -44446 .....4*16 4 .*11 .l110.l .8411'4 .~U464 .11406* *.4'60I1 :13111*146.1 ..t41 4146
* ,~ .;C*4'?0 6.4ot-1 .64149t 441lt4 .11l*.) .4'*~~6 .41t6 4 .1619106% 1 41* * .. t016200t4cf - .464. 6 *.376 3401 4611. -. *1494 1** -.1011446101-0 -. 14t11401-62. -. t41469 6 .0
16 -. 69146'*146 S'041494 .4~IU* 46f1446 "014 '"09 . .....444*4) *.6441*46149-:t.40t4461 .ol 0 41 .646 a . 614t.6 .1*4411 40 S1 . 1 ,014404 -. 1?61%14101 .11*6 4
41 *.449416 .014110414. -. 2014'9664.41 .1066* *41114 .t441 .141444to .4j10W T19.0 .U4164 t~449 *.l*s?'41:01-1 .41114.461 0 d1404 06 .44944*-4
* ~~ .1445114t4) .16011601.4-1 -..4**4441'4 .I6 " -tI? 2014,20l1361 419.1 .16.44*) 41
*.P?*1 01-4of .41"m 441. .:"1 ".404113011 .9114tI4 *.)") -4 .14011*14401* .$$its$$: -4 1VI : 4404464 .*1419 .94)*01014).9 .U14?4 It444til 4a-ot -. 1 I*0'1-444 .54*4'41011446
U :.**U449. 1 .:4lt*tet .:)19426109401 .141619341.44**~l4)I .:11441746t1a *.94U444t-44
*~ 4*4 49.4.9 .6't4)* .l ."11114414144 I .604)0 142444? 01 .. 4.411MI-Ol .6*1)4"II1041
21 loil4t1404 -49 .73".)64 of.49tt4 j .694tS41 .9~04t'6 * .0-1 -. 13911*4141-41
lo1 .1 M.
Table B.19 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for July 1978 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 5 6
\S 7 8 9 10 11 12
I .I1tt0 e.O .'a 601.02 .1*I 10.01 .16431., *4 -. 47116f4401.e -1 0,4gL.eS:*, 1 70'1.42. .14- 310 81"10 .1I3O486I.Gl-4. 1flI0
1 61: *Iq0o.0 -. 144*gSo *.l~1*M1441#14 ..220 .'i0144 -.s444$704-21I -. 12131l44548 4409001 .fltS9S06S.0t -. Il~, .0410.l .44700fh@It*
10 -. Itl3e@64 .3$049114.016 .60003)108.01 .*)0041SCI.0I .1413,01090-41 l?3%I0.1 .t042&144-01 .19IS76tI-S1. -. 14511 f000.@ .367411101.01 .41l0.1 - 1.t0 0
Is -UI~l41*l1l4.1 d12I6@ -. llt45fOP-41 .142llOO0t-01 .011S0I4-0114 ~ I1*40 .l000. .IOI19STOS010. -. 210014704-00 .1121?flfl0'1c -. l3I1toolO-atII *1t4110 .411610 .107187001-01 .270465f .6ICI@ 12140Ilh0f1b *00?N0 f03114 *SfOIS0 *'t"*2t0330010l0U0 .14bolICO.0
It .11Il0004 V0142101.41 a11741?OOS.1 *43&o90t0 1Ie" t0 -. 10144690.1201S *.63106*701.01 Itym"01-44, .100tI,,@4.04 .462610261.61 .1000*l -,,t~(lto -. 61,761641.01 -. 610411909.01 -. 353116Z100 01 II)?It434I.o* .*lltP@ .. 10tIto *.1344014009.02 -.716914104.41 .10$71410041 -. 1003W4646101 .21017641.0# *.1'IUSIGIqza% .11416t .0*1240 -. 415??1U1.01 -.1012301-0.1 M611 7614? ae0 .4411121*1.11is* .18134401-02 .1801*7164148 *.0000111'4.01 -. &11612141.0# .546ti16446.01 .#669"441I.4I
13 :4404:10 44:041140#42Z :1S1111260.48 :320?*ZllgU:9 :t446064iUI.0 :LS*IS0Q:Gto -.11460010 *31046101-41 -. 16440041-01* .1011214001-0 -.4101U404-01 -.1131418439-3is -.IS*SISIOI4) -..11ll41410 fSOIjIS6$j.f .241IS140It.O .1091,4l02-01 -.66101W74-04
*0~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ M"if4 .567aw~* .10111G t4000.l -.*101410I*0 .410*1064101. -. 1SAT3lt01.8*0 .111444 .61144.* .*I164.4 .U44OS0 .l14'4 66 .)1401@0t %
SO *1ll*SIOI4* .1000100.6 J1641461018642 -.119114081-41 I0'60.1 *01ttStIi .16VIS4194141 -.06114401-t41 -.163014341#41 -.- O0. 0 2.S1664446 .2-41 *0.4
11 .1164601.* 1401"N'00*0 .0)?4400 $.04~lI.0 11:141-4l.1 -.421 440*I1104SI *.101111U 04 -0111166 0? *.*41" 00l it oz 1S*0 41 044061't .1040I8
Si **00410141 .9610011.* *3410841 16141lSl40-41 .t11011lt01.1 .21101*141-0010 .60006441.0 -. l1'0410 174 1401-4060 .5164'100-1 .1$000 *1?.041
SO 110101 141 .00 646 014 4 * 410 44. 0 .'ll fl~.a .151"01 4*0. 1 .15111 1261t o .164 I~14*I~l-.136-41141.0s 4.1046401.001 M.M104"a00 .619410140.14 .10?13310841.0
-0.l01159161.4 -.*0e144toofl .112126,01-0I fI6416314"?l .L110*1 2*.000ii 04 *4101140014* *4 141.41 . 4)60 1 .,614 4 9'01-41 *11018410001 -. *U64114.61-Iii *.?l*11.1 .0644-:11614401:-11 **IT0460 .11.~'0t 4'1400 .SIIS0
111**41S410 .8616644146404 -. 104664101-0 .4610216"10 JIM16141*01 -11'.6010344 *.814166112014 -.f124,44441.44, -.11104446.41 -. I%014041-f .I1%4#110I410 .186lI*IT 1I3441 **476441-S064, 10011@1 .Z006 -lI161"4041*0 1610001 .5411t04102of .1*SI60t1041 .IlI4 .**411110l-1010S6 SI~?04 .442140"I0..
O -.1.0000000.00 *.146"11401.0l 1 160464 .131I W l) 10.@ .141:.It ,M104004:12 *.3144%141-41~ .61l'1016100. -. 6410W61001 .114130v-106 .I410"1240J01
-It sl *.t -4100 S44414,1446.0I .21101I000.64 .014.414010.l .l1 034 -.t1813636U.0%46 .16464516142-1111)40 100160 It1~f .04MIP1t-0I0 -. 11t0t41460.i
&I .V010401444-45 1S11610 t46111-*Il6 .k10410413o0a -. 2WIMSIo.11to .10t611t11O41 .0600*t,1016-1 .416t- .164'40141001 *.41ftS'lIA-2
of -. 104901411.61 *1111l001.4 *0111401 UP11141-46. .113tI%4l1-41 .P*16114.401 -iv :tO0064t14 :11640#0I44 :1tt61.10 :tolt-o .1I1,1tt
II -. 11141464404 1111441 -.eso1I04 .,*4l1,g.. -. 4101tS41. .1101113l1.H-.t*1 31)
is t)4II4 AM.61416'0#6 .464110h0StP0 .01'4Ike-OT .6)4410141.It Il#04b1
* . V ~~ :Ik*106461t1:W .6 1)10 -.011141tilo" 4 -. 14161 41 -4kt -. 21141 tat-.I-l .lI 8 0l
~~~ 14 ~ ~ t IIIIIAI006 *.14'4%001-6 ..-416%44111 11t-41......
VIII i .*lttiI~tO~tl .SI'II-@Ih *. )6l094*tl 41*94-*)o;%.
13oI0X4 .11044- -.0 11Ith1*4 414)3.4I -V- to 4140 4-.4144 1- 66411
IS 44114-0-:14434 1-4 t"10544 106041-114104
0 :1%*1,SitI - 601 : -o :: 674,141 0 L644641. tW U't-9 .11-3-Z-2
Table B.20 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for August 1978
HARMONIC o 1 2 3
1 2 34 56
-. 181flSOIOO ,*~tI?11.OO *??'OflI- 0 *.th1oI-01.0 -.$19000Ig* .00 ttot*I -. etO~t@I~l .IH?401'O ,hbl~fl.CO -.0020051.OO .l*t~flt.OO .jtl0046.OO-.)a0oaeI0f
-:$llfl:Z dit~eIt :42;l84 wil64401802 -.4i1;f4d101d0 ::46161681d1.*tltflgt'i-.01 itW[-0OR *.9747I0t0t.Ot .04960701p.02 *.17444I4zo.Ot .ZItl.* .OOUIO
1110 -.IflfltlG-wI .t*ttO fl* .t 10SI -ta@ .?I20f69201.0Z .I~4~4? .ItSo*U -*fh010It .13=6010tf12 -. 91250.oO.4 .5141304 -.261Z47401ot-.02 Ia~t-.a~~oo .l~o4
11 .16$9o4441.01 .014,44nOefa .1171001t~h.0 -. *flfltooI-O .Q31oA410901.Q [email protected] -.113IIS109-0It -I196400flSO .t14iS*tftI.OI .104110701-02 :11114,61.1:0 .110.40111'09.:001I-I .14140'0:!11446101-01 -I.20104600t-4a -$1046401.02 2 1OIt .3507 I. . I itQI4.O .aflhIII@IO .I0tf0
10 Ite2lc .23MG401t0 -.fllttflCI@I -.I413309401 .1794"l00I.00 -. ?1.1z10W.@t .OtOI0tflI-Ot
ii .If344400401 -01, O~QI8 -. 10flhIdOg.* -.*QWTSfOI'l .7iGf"9141.00 .41tZI?,QE.Ot .. 116104444.436 .1fl1tII.@I6* .)1'o26t4g.oI .*tt46ttt1t4t -.130014201.O* -.ttIIfl*4*cle -.I2t??tt2I.O .0,6111144.0It **I,1'&I01.@* .10144004I 018 .414013OS0F.0 .41090141016f .111tfl101-01 -. 110846 4130.1 -. 64141101tsl11 .toooIe -. lIlAO flI-fl ,Otf49211 I00l0 -.*OofltlOIOt~ -.ZISZ64OI.0 . Z1 441-4O'0 1 h 104 t1 1.~&t011.01 .DU42 @.0 .2§*fl4fl.0Z -.3014t0001.0-Ittbfl* -.I'?163.o04el.1*SS:0 ::4tq*4101b4t .310100e41:0t .::1)tS 8dIO 01 -0$490l1ft04 :M172701)0
*0 .1t&*tS -11".45441tOI03 *.otOt1tCI00a -90*000* .t1304r9130110)1102 *.t20011% 41- . Pt Itflt3a.01- .ttflSIIoI'01 WeI*OIZOf*0 -.)ttt1I01'al0I aohom4 .060ItOI.t .011%4601'61
#S4*411ltO.0% t~~?~0 *f1t03-*30IP0 .1130061411'f .1I10"4I'04 *.t64lOffl'UIt -.t6'tI0 -J"tottfl0q .IISIOIOU.0 .141010 atfl00 -1l004101SI22 .tI611l411"4So *.lI'It04 .Of t .ttt I03: .1 0f13,0.0l1 .10110' 0.Itt 00,~s .aa es. Km tow
* ~~~ ~~~14 .II.t10 *l?*l101040 -. 30031141oo~a-03 *1l0.3-)In0 -.13116m0101-.0131 .tt4140t104.O .43t104M.62 .t1MI4tI04)0 -1t2t%0191*02 -,10pt11300.@ -..130114102~f *.46t ~412002 929.1114s " 1~c -.44n"11n.01 .7014$*001-01 *..?.11130102. s~o oa - M 404r4oo42 *Iflne'MIa.6
* 11 .110044401.01 -1`0444701-41 .tlS1tt10t-41 -tt~fIC .34506 .0 1?I?9401.4 -. 1)1fl0110.tt *1 0 114 1*I .I4eo.e .?,0tIo -t-*104 .111111100 .l1"Ifl~1 .t*43OS1001. L04lwI
31 .. at4t14401-41 -nt'e.10,100-41 1l10 .Is1104400.0O .1M100t¶0.C .301164404"1 .ffbtU4H! : :01fl841141 :.S1t'tt?0104 -.637610 -10034 ;mfl::n44% .4101101141~e .St0t10II0.tt tlt 103014030 .tltttf -If-.I .lttl00 010'1ttOt4-... op i.ltt,I0,w'oa .lI*4?tt0Itt -.10704190-0a ..oI'ltloo-ae *.I1t2I.U *3W01 4044
9 *.3113t1?104 0' .S4t1tttOO**t .ll6fnm.t 4100.. -t0t .. 14I 4~080l .91 U04114,01wo91 *.u190611uI3So -.43161164004 .)1I4I0 -. 109eI.se0t0 *.44111441.0z ,0I~g 44201401-4.0 .1141u060.4fl*411404 .361011304061 *.I641O4tZO41 Ih~tI0 -. tt1111o4.0116,.01.6 -- 4"taflhto.f-.a.a t
II 1 .I t O4 I " -, 1 Z4010 .t kI t?01. 31 .30100. -.0 111H21-41 .I0o16utoo-sa *.Ie1 taeaH 1t* * 0 .ItktO?0.qt ~flI0j~t.§1 .t??IT*I4t .1t604tt041.4 .*16014001.4I -. 198I~.S .It1010414
to .noog .tI tlOt .'tI oId *.1tL11114100.4 .141 .14S S01 ..'0)110t.&11 -. ?I.?t1*04'IIII.. 9110 .tI06t1ItI0t 0141497101t e 10W14C111. ..tttO?40II '1 -.t01300.t1oo *.oi44'ttS4t *%1 43j443t-e .1".110 1-401. '.1"140M 41-6 --.11611CO01-6 *.IttbictO '00 .1441044.01f .101t11118-41
%I; .o304l0 .?'WIIttt l.t *'01C1"ItttI '14 .o''101U ".C .I1306164.08.. t4 lI0q .tt0ttlhtI'1 .111"19014010 -k3.3"~3 40411.tIt1t14141 *0*I'tlttI'01
It. -101W441-tI -417V.ttItstel. *t0otli~te't ..1it413~t41. .~o't4 .1044%66tO01It .41 01 6m144't -.. ItItttl.tl U10t~S# 06tco-01. *,.0019WM2 6014.0t .. ttO@1 *0#I14%0i00'
4 i~~~~to .qon- ~~~cz -. 0411104" -1 -. t4ttttIM'4l .ttt0tI1.tl90jI*1T
If0.tt*I so . .l9 f .fl .WI4.1Ipl4.I .. 11to tt~tttthbl,11-) -I.IW1113 *'t* ,8140.
I v044ts4t, Pt.41.'M1to , 'oto4 10ab;n I!IM~1 .Iit"MLilt .lt-otg3 ...ItntIetl -
~~.'tt'1uio-as Ut~'o~ It,' 14W .n . 0a- t. tIMU. Ce~o -tk1I34v .1IttokaII4k
.. l~o~fl. . Ito'lttt.t .ft?4Jt -0',4t *.01.t .lrj t.4tP-Itt I -. 0 ~toott I"IK
.41, '1II900 . Mt1 04t 1 .2% .~ 140-1111.4 -. %,1114M4 - o0..0' A10 a I t" j Ittnt -t .1t1-114441*
-. 10 ~Ptl4.! 0011050.4o .041 t'tttil-1j..tttlI t .. t 10tl.t j-.attftf .1 ( lt t
v It ::NS--9.-i1-40, N to106
Table B.20 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for August 1978 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 5 6
.:4. K
F S 78 9 10 11 12 -
o -.410634104-0 -. 400336141-4 -469?a0901,01 SM0941'.4%-, .11-424018. 4s.O .qfHo -. 1 settsaloa- Hgta.1 -.444014 217t1?0I.01 -. 104643l#Wt.O -. 104042004#42 P4401 ,401.
* -. &Ia.9*iuI . 4111114 . 11~OS* 4111304-0 .itsol.,gi .*41 ?**.@ -:Si 1-01 *4t%.fltj "1 -.211142" a . 4110#" .i1t14"141e .3a01*6I.
14,a~iIO .7. 101 -.Sa0ali?40101 *449I4uaS.04 *..614bis $.4HH61434 1 01170SI.*1 -.10S01171400 .2 .411703061-0 W29010'9.40. -. 1stUMA4e04,*6 4M 4141-04.1 711418N41 -04 ~ aO~e .84141701-0 16314-1 .6"451 i ~ a .t4 1#f..0
- .1.4i4 s~ 'ofse.. .i,. "3"1.00 -.121611601a-01 a~~t~i .. ags
to 64444970-41 .11441~014-1 .10361N0448 .13S*H24W-41 -. 14111114641 *.16141744-31
IS -. SSIHII45:14 *.?144Ife.01 .11a.3144011 -.64633030.01 I)II. &tIaI~-.63 V.?lO *. -. 446,gt .H00I 4~.1 -. 44,0040.01 J161ia2300-41 -.1146136.04
*1n 1.~oH~. -. S 1*~4:1 -iU91 *a: -aS. 1 .) tla?)lS o.4 I1SM6404.013* -4?2110363 *a-n?01e .10111*101I0 -42 0HIO -.111H1IS0.O? *H1144001.0#
H .4476"71#4-0 .U- .16644ia.Z 072i16764402 ..IUS7300G.01 U1164 .01 I.7U00I.4ato :s oaf -U01 *.:M"a43 3 1 a?.S1061034-0 -.431I?516 O *U01-4 .10?1110 -110641$4-11
lo.ZIItit." -. 14ao. 1 NUM S01?I~ *SMI*O .L@.... 1. t "1.?30 *.)*.4117341844 -4?aaIS!t*0 .HIH .01 -. 4%4716104*naa~q.o-413aJtHimsU1449.10 .nau..*sasw-a.1441tccofa *%Aa~taueo1 -.111443q.1t.?
so *.1 Me 41441 634116141t01 *40136t140.61 *.1144144OI.3* *.#tXS3.8 .?WOa03II .110t111.0) .1100lS014.of .4444447t.01 *.U 14SS,1.01* a'I@ .~ *aaa*.
31 .IH11WO4 * 1H101a. -.*1"170.01-04 It04* .213134101 -% 6601-41 A.U 10)4t44L336 -.141136aI44-4 -. 3?*?,.,t4aet 1 4 .,3O -. 1H?IOS40l*O -S111sk*S0414 -41 flIlI
U0,2?35*416#t .941001104-4 -.31016343.01 .1MIS340141 -W.01101-01e *II61W4*.1o4* * IS *.ISHIISHa 1 -40 .?Sa~-1 -U II40 ZI~I0 -.4174-01*4" 1 -.13.P0I01-43
as -. anutss ~1611414 -. 1411119w*.a.a~ago *?a.0IS4 *.IaIa1 *1Sa",:",J44 .41144010144I .41140114101 .'nIN:O.. -. awsiaula -3I"01I ca z10H??I"t 0,411 *:79,3444%64-40 *I* Uot"4411". so .11*)tH*ot *.mia ..oa .stI.Igi.3
61 *.I,,stt 4, i .I *tastua'esa1 S14 9141 -00~ .144ST1041u-01 .142141101-61 .41atQ',041.60111lHI44400 "1 t o a.0I 11,1640'I'.01 .1267114IS j-0 1 t16blI.3 .sotSox
55 *?Vat4~ *.a5.ttWa-4I -.11761424.40 .aAMS4-I .l1I1141.t? -.ataUT60.4
$1 -. 02,1444.e4i -. Usssaaosts -. 011441 41)ta *.16:?asa1-41 .1111s.04111 1604-14 -. 411,101a.4.t .as50. .4Ioot)II.161 .t1041440141 *.1074I1404.01 .11141411A..
5
is 411101744 .4 *.1tW.'t60I.0 -.115 44ati-tI Z404t cottt-ok -.- 4lAw6 -0I .3% .149WS4.1I
V ~~ as.. 101:t,114 .,1att0. *.*,aM141-21 .111135461-t~ -4420044lA.41- as *.aS~t*6144a.A .at!416111141-tta~,41 .4011464U.4t5S-g41 .I~l~t
:144111"4* 4163.tI *.M 141 .41104- 42.
Table B.21 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for September 1978
HARMONIC a 2 3
N 0 1 02 3 456
.j M ta *.l S~ .0 1 * lS 4 3I.0 Ndt 08 0. e -. l 2*) @ 3 1 a isZ1 010 ..?I ) , 0 at~ .4135t0 9 0 oI* .3? *1.41 .11419614#41 . -. 1.11143691-0) .. 41101670.00-0 -.411ý946o. o~ -ouzo.s *1?10t
10 .9t1414310010 11,414,t.0 *.t4.5046-0 -.111t1401.01o -.&)qi)400o3. -. 1S493stio.00 .114106010.01it *.Z?34010fl ed .144411600.03 -U4316,301.4) *3 7130I0 -. 4II14tftol.0 -.10441501.01 *1.110~14 .11GIt -.*)If14.01S .201$1101*e04. .11,14603)oI01 ..O)631,01.oz -1
03
43100030 -.)Ial,400l.)* *.1014l4I0"a0 I t 10*17101. *.0IIIWIat.3 .e49131-1W44 601.4 *It4 -01U *114501 .03 . ::012001-01.O .2114101S.016 . .IllO.* .11641400.46 *.41V641101.00 -.172710g1q00~ v.3ttolof-lo*.a -S4,0.& .S.¶iI
11 a *~1I0:1171411100 .Z:t1 %@4T.@34 -. 3144760144 10301 .C .34)141)O1010 .Z"1)*3?00,:40 -,t . 0 1 .4003I) .1o3104 *.1410 ..0 71l~I144#0 .S50l4I03 .l1'4.g0 .,aII4-) .*I0I00
14 .*IAI4llOof _. 4'Ilthoot.@ *410'1f430.ol -.*7lt4oIzo4 1 . 11404 010*0 -. 130~~fos .~ll03 401.0_? .009141210 1~ *1~4000?)9.@ *1076640110 1 0100141*?O?)I0 -414311314.14 -. 13UP404IO 01eIt .*146100241-0 -.?1414,1041-4 .44,1)*301.41 .42e,.,,b,.o t214z75~fo1-0 .2?'09t 052-o .244i~oqeo-s
so *S?3Z 0t04 toOM2910 41. .11f,0Th74103 .17113390102e .t2l1)6l0 .47140tolo .71160606.05
to a.0?S04 N,00310 -. 43351. .*I)1306444111011450G - .14140- 1 i o101)5 .*3?4.Iis .l:t04764#.43 1 40* l.t *I4Z .18*444143143.3) .3)433140)43 '111)1*4103 *t05o1z41001644105$4-41 ~ t)01f .tI**14646.0 M1434.) .t1,440I.01 4.1434.401.01 -.l183011101.0111 -43)1460,41- -.111514406.3) 170834. 1*,~~ *.S 01-Cl.o .1031414601-.01 100.16 ~.l~1tg.~ .,?tl1 .'II"t,10. 1U31414 ,.414?aot3l 4.83,tl0 11441$01-01to -il411e .3slaolo)0.g3 Irkik$90#0131t114 .13414g3 -. 116244.;609 *.63)1St0S.00St .Iu.1.boo, .. 't~o?...u .31*t5*#~*) *)?~t.10154* 1045 I.0 t.'115111 .101 .SozI)3
3o t~t.t44. ~ .46?41004 -. 4105t41+0g. -.14114tati.0 .4a t1 3 '.10153100-3)0 .100131441.45I? II 't30t4e .4~t146-0 *.'4t't t.@ .S113139401+O0 -k443130.040 34 -. 71104701-41. 40146stal-ato -. 111064 3 14~blW .0#04 S-41)). .4?I#41510.0 -. U.1W064.03 Ws$-7?4?*14-61 3310I .1114" H14 .131 01 wO0 .234 0154 WIZZt30~1.04 .14451 33 [email protected] W. 14t1-08*to -I~l?4 4 -.6014130-0I4I -. 80114413).j-0 3033g) .346040.e .4I -atOI -44413540.4t
'I'll11)34 *.010461 11~73130 1*110410115 :.: 43~t3 -. lt..gc1 .I?30.4it *.40"0 .61-44~ *.610114 01-01. ad't)410 I403343 Go334@lQ 1.*i 1 s3 .14 -.. "12 0-W19-4to '304844410 *30tUE .113t3601.45 t33.a0 -.i...s~.o 01344 .... of )39)04.No, .*31 4514 f~.%0?tj 1 et .1443 0 W *I losht$ 1: .140$147154. .5.1 4 .14 0 )ttt:g1
41 .0%44,44-at .5&It416031-41 -. 1419 11001-4 *.?tt)St?3941- .30 4 4 011t%443.301.-Z1114132i4." "1 -. tt?
80341 *4.116st0.eto -. 31001"01.41 .~'161 00I00al ))35~t .M4143 ?111-a *.14040441.314 -.0130014 .3t0'I t4 .1tit331$4 6453~I3 ,334 to31.1 .334'.01ial3 .1001101-010
, *.0t-6014.o.o*13136t It"33411114f .'4304 *.04M4145 614 .. t4503711-01 to~h~oto .101ti"14410~ 3lI 't ...?t404 . ....3013 .. %kttI -. k'1534041.1 *..414t60144t4~4 .3.e4I0).3 .114110.00 .403.30344 .14%09'1.04 ..) 4t*410,3 3 *.33t145 445030it .10461theo# P tv1114014. .4 .311 4331144 13" 3HI4 -.10MOR414 -. 31IM45340.03 . )t'3
l~ .4440144 .1314433.04 .1533 *.13431543160ts.0 1l4 .51tt.5-t3431.0 -
.. 13t44.I .#tt114.03 .. 103.34,43 *4131W1431 0 t ...1P4 13UN I at5 53145.) .3)1 1I ).144 I.t43*I0 ,*st3-., : ,03 .3
30It 100*I Ist 330- .151 43) .31IC11213511.
35 *) 43)30 .4* '405 3443. 3 .7 t i3 t i0.4 1 .3041 4 )3. 3 o 3 .. 3 3 1 '0 U. " M 414 1 4.N 4-. .3 3 l 1, I 'll93 *.)14t40 .. ,ltt 3 .34040 .4?5930?)).t.9 .03.34144.4 O.'431143.0- .1tt*It~tti.)*.145434.i .74t441 343 4 'A% .1 3t31I.41 -.31ttolei.*3 315 .4 1 W*11.10.3 . 0 3
4) ~ ~ t ..19414N .4 4)14$.f 1 tt4tttI.4-1 *.95144103.oI .) -33 41 f.~~t, 1 *.- t.i40 -t
t- -let.
.4 .. 1133.1414.31 *5"43 3.33. *4 33f.4 :11 4,4: 131." 411 ..... ... %-Ititi.30* *.t .3 -
of s: I:~ ; k:41i74t "tP. t t I t t 4437-354) % ..*t 1s . f.. st.:, :9tto49104 t L,
108
Table B.21 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for September 1978 (Continued) ~
HARMONIC 4 58
7 8 9 10 1*12
-. sn...$s41410 .u4ng1 .ageas. .t19101a .I~1W4IO .t "of att M:0* .hl4IS4I -. t4Ifl6*l 64?*I~tlt -d100e14@ 0041U:61.O -.tGII~flt**I . .-
' .mu'a...a1-0 *aanu. *14910 1 . :1?8O.* *.tfO.I IflI
* ?it fhq '144 -41 &il~f4 :.It48.4I.Ot- -. aflaae'n-ot .Itfliiaf-e1 -.14111n 41e0e. oa* Ianset" z *Ian. -.aa'aIs4anoa -. ta~a. aa 19" - .ettttf4l-ag l -.ana111an-aa
-t.1693102M-fl .afS@-i tlfll-O t*2iO -4I -t.6112014*- .t1S411441-,4
II ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .36W 10 -. 061141010t *.It,0 .. ~ttO4 ... O~UO .tItO~t ItI)f
I? ~ - a 31 .. tI8?MO -. [email protected] -. 11110104S41O -. I5?**Ifl.OI .17%s.1014-41 .t4PattIS *t ,tlht4 qi- .t W~Ot .9I10162 O1flt .44644360t-01 .11#I' 1t4' OI. O .a OI1 1I4t 64I16161.6% .11S"ItttIO IftI1l .1.9#IIaI.20 -. 10tSetZII- .tf lpatc
It -. tS-.f045I"0.41 .A0563201f -. II 01H4 .. ItIII .I1t'ttOO*I. .70t%411141l1IT .t1111 eqt *0 osngao oa *1531014010 .flttI4aOI.O .n111041141o1
to O tt t~ .ea 0a.ei9 -. 1111121.0co -.12671100I.0a -tft? II .f1aeH .:9144tee160 -0 Of1 tIO -. 1110611044 *naaaac91a.I'9 0ngOa
It 2.ill0tafl*4 .116,11444a -aauuoa- .n4 scIo 01111 ..t a ttfn *.1tiL*0 -. 1414*040 .61a1ttaaO.Oa -.tt0i0at@44t- .I0 ftlO .6014o t tf~tto .n~c
is -*t,0 0* .1641a 41.e1 -.1051441.0 -.00e6s127n1-6 IlttOI4 M- 4tal'41as.a.n .a,~wn~ena .nntawef-e *.s611mno0a -.?a18M)Iqt .tt1fHa f4t.a0
ft .tan s4n-.nntos1t -. na01mNee0 .9001a161-4a -.n3010u1-hZ .14-1-U4441
p ~ ~ ~ ~ -Awof~ 04161M#aH11 -. anto. .at?44 .I.It4 -. aattaf .*S..ltI
1* *9lf9194 *tf~e~t~ .0aSnm44w414 .aan41elog.. -. 61"'saaaoo -.11a101164-13
'a . l~ssi4 au4nseIG *I -l~ 41 .itl.t.0 .Hf6I0O -.o k904f
at -. n076I4aiqi tiltt """I 1014 -.tfltt0I.4t -.tIta1g$ .OI *.40#t1,81-31so .f46l4 hI~t., tlfoSO la nq ..111141og.01 *.400100g.03'.*1 I .mn41H : I.a Itnb.. .InnW" gq 14 -4t~ a~~ .011016144-04 .ttt 41is .afli~atI ~ .1110aem31 .614211641n6 *.aIta61641a1 .a.tu.0.~'t',
I *.1UI41Nw41 *.t01111l1-41 *.I614t?011 "a 4111q *924.i3 ,'uI*If
It .Ih~'044 ttftiMfl .tttt4@44044 -ttttOi .tittttl .411 tIt -. tttt Ittt &11101a41n4% -. i atiaf'0 40 .ift4 d'tii-I .~Itn
of .tt f0n01t,.n
I i v*1ttt11%t4f*D ..itI t*tqI'ff .,h11100It44 %ttM .I 'tIt~Q 49t%
is .aa~a' . 6-i%#t! lf I .4 lttstIYU I *.ttii-l *.t.Ia -z.t,*iltt -k.fy 1`: 44lt 11t40 :,1t4*fltfl'f -- tltt94t :.fntfaq1 :
-S. JU1*44 -H U,1-4 ..'6P. . . .
Table B.22 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for October 1978
HARMONIC 0 2 3
S 0 12 3 45 6
I S 1,4 1 *flU-0f 6.l4~4. "aW~l.4 *.lat,.@I-4z ..3t.L@6ofz .41*8103016@6 -.24M060S314I .1146 -4 .18*199, g -.fl*U4*fl4* ..4,*S* ..S?*nO ICaI@ *.l6.?E.* IS4?6 6Z 8I*41461.OI -01~4*4090.O4 .19893#141-v *.I3)t4412.i- -M10t@4401-01 .610142746.4@
StRI444.)4U.* .144144930"1@ .I*1g641aft.1 *SIt?16GI *'[email protected] *.2041510W1.@ .10410*4-424~to .I1201*64 1 z l . lko f.*$66 .12Z11,1.0 -.114476144 t'*?-42 .I * ?5019 601-.01 ieOI8
0%410141-0#I*5 11lt4 AW:Ug06t.41 ::W)I4ltOf:O :-~)10 Of40 1*09310
It .1111161914114 RtI44040.61 **00444 *41902 -. 14124140-41 .4101O?4400101 ~ HO.@ .UII?404441-
* 9 *.$I~t~fl4@~I .. 41402301ofS .It*I)?610.0 *.1901691?*6t- .*t0 t6.* *@)SIt4 *.8I6II)?BU.16 IWI?@'** *.5401**6@i .flC411 l t,**W.U .U41 *l@6.@*f- -. 4311310I0.O0 -. 1~412411"a~
1 . ? IP l h4694: .I Z I S 6 G # . . I 13 1 02 1 4 1 0 -. Z40 1 10 0 0 1 0 . H10 0 0 10 4 - 1 - . 4 4 4 9 1 6 4 0 S S * 13 3 . 0
t& .l415?9.Ot .100944701-08 ..u11MGe94If -.165914901-4t *614lG .243Io,6901-6 .4514k61041-111 W44144MI*41 .80.'u6elwv1 .90,11441.i-41~ '~.* ~ .~~n. .1110104C1.41
6 .I1l"s9I4I6- -. 414104441-41 .4SI'?66 .* 4 - .1 4t*6@ .1944443101-0aI~.G *6~I9@6- - M *~~to .10446101-41 .27817001-41 **f~W24141 -416*)iI4 .IGI2.**~*~. *.74011044.@1
* .I46"1646041 *t1010701-41 .1141104141-41 .1417471co.4I -. 101461101.01 *.131111104-04 t1*t6.
*4 .BtIS4 *f.1111644#1 -.121404104-01 41t,641640463 -. 1114)OI4i.@* *US104041440 .6"116414$.0*6 .tI#?te.*1 .*lZ699I HkI46* .&174 I.81ot .11071i461q0 *.611141134.O* *.184401141-0
N' .1661W61. -. t?~464'.O .1114S~t644 .IIWI6SI.* ..11611141-02 4.611eZ*114*I6So *.*110 of I t .*6* i6 .I3I46,41-06 -4417SH661541-61 #4t~ .U116tilo@a -. 11161441?H.027 .01atsaf-t 14416* . 1 41-?5401 .1 602**440 ) -.0e00721t01 -.101616W410 .1141 M4 -014tb *# t*Iis *.16incf.'i *.111441141-01 -.611i01141.41 *l-t$ .24 [email protected] -. 101640w4-44
I) .1449?H41* -. 01"1464.01 -. 166145710 1S9414 1 -. 01116414.6 .I~s*ee *t?64016910.0 -. 11146701 a1"*?4tU1*14Z161*61?666 .41*t.1-616*6O 4t61614401 -. 16410016.1
of JvV01*41*544 -. 11114614.41 6*IZIe *.17#81144-a ..t?)5414g6.SI .304141-@48* -. 1JIWSIUS.41It -d*'16 *6 1 *.664466#*4 1 *.#*6431'** 1 .6 ) * 4 61 )161 -S 6666l .n9 6 a.** *.641*4 Pla .1 .644410644.4% -. 41615 .406464114 .6tP1440-01fIIU-O .6)161
IM -I4?t-6l.S -. 40*1071141 -. 4114MI416t ."41I::I -. 4of 454**N))411 I~6'6541 .11"1410043 4tI464-61#4.1 .1141911164-1 .?44601114-0
1? 04 11,4 1-411 a, fi "1.44 115. .. 46446*664) *.tI4616440.6J -. 46191440140 *.92tilotal.# *.1613441141-0It *.664.114)N4#*161 *. -06'1 -4146414 .14 710@tt .)t40-41 *.116bo144.41 0~6134411401so .:*t 1 =143.6 .:" M101404. *.1ozot144 ok -M4*64. )414651" . .461154140424 *661st64146.)
66 *S))41:6 .16.0146 .4t4t66 61666 .1011t6)4.1 .. I4,.tt -14*64 *911" 1." a *.:11011K4.t .6418*0144 9t66-6 6)t~3441 -.8116113141 *.141161041.t141 .661 -41 41t11111#1-40 *.6*?6 6 .64*6041to414 *#*184 4 1144 14;4 . 4-6416t -.16611*1141-4
V ~ 46654*.4 .664S)t.I .464161t 164 *.44146104-01 .6'4'62314161 -. )'tlIM'6 -14 -.01 tNIM 61
*.166411'5 .I'4*44. .. **6*41144 *. ?*466.1.466661*6404t .100111014*I1 .t.6sl"4t544*~.,X;4*#4I6 .141*4 #140 0 .01*S*#64414046 *.61))14't .6!64.**4616t-t _0011 .41SQ.04 -. 4165=611-41
66 tf "18*41)6'6 *.1*11*41#.t .19Tmot.o 144)R** .*61114t .144t*th0t64 *.1161*4144.6L
6! -**4t164 44461,5 *t.644 f4:4114 646 64 141161 %%4)1tO4 1.6414. *l~NS4Z
04 -0 1 4 16464-61 .8414116441-6t .%16216414 -18 -. i6614*4tU . -*464164141.41-
':111 1 110
Table B.22 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for October 1978 (Continued)
HARMONIC 45 6
NS1 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 -.4,Its*,-a% d :1=000.* I4I .3*4*?I0eI14 *.1111W?01:01 7I@94 1t~?0O
* *l'tI4# .0?1 SI, *H4IO*t -. 138069SI41.0 .., 6il0 I**0 1 .. *101
* *.,04232116** .U?1731P1t .I~ft 41. .tIlIflO**101 ..l1711?4U00, -f130.4
II .fAU)*0.@b -glO~l0.Ot -AX1?RIOZOI-0l -.14412101-0 .10171,41201 *Ie0t11
It .. 4tl4SW ?eG46 1400." : .4011981.411 SlI? S ~ -tlI I0 46.t01 344tI.0,to .1491ttlasI92 -.l490914273.41 .6 2101490I I*44Q.1 *[email protected] -II II0
it *I.12S I46971-1 -.444144441t61 *.1Ze741 . 00 ..1 4?10. .S tfO .* -. ?L ftl
It .tI164014"1 -. 11411041*41-el Ae*S0 - .1 401 .I 'Wool",0I .0t14010
It %.04it, 34404 -046W9100-41 a.tI4 .,?1410 .40041Q 100110
IS .1094Z4104-4 .413,140.tI41** .3~t0.0 .O*[email protected] *,1141t Z.)I
.1*44144080 Go 104I"1t 0 001t14 0141*0 004194 .10OVIQI*04.
It * 1401* 4 .40'&1S4 .1 4 06 44 .41 4.H.. .. . 0 16 St I.0 4 1I 1
It .U~lO4~? -0114t44*l0 .)I lot44 '1141414960 11041S 04001t
to .. 147MM00S14t .4000I* ISII*'l4 . 416 4S46 .. 1 340i.0 *04.~
II *.411'S6114 .. 0144'H11 -. 0N~l~~0*00 -. I 4401-01S -. 1-6710I4441,31 SY~tI0
14 *.IO~~~~l'4t.1104141 1.441114 is00seeI.1 *.Itt 6S. .S'02440 1 I400.I-
as -. 108464=14414 64119t .1t t01I a .. : 14'1t .lNIIH 4.M., .1IIItII 0144414144 7?034414l'tI Sul 1 It .41 1 -- I~~TO.Ca .lttt14 4 * S~~*~
II *.1lI4 4'l .8044 44 at I .11I1014 2vo -of AHISM!.t 2601-0!I . .16101i
to .004040 4 07.11 110.14't .0414404?011:9.0.1 41 .o,0ge -o'.4
..
lo.I. t-10 4 .41101.40-4.01 NUT004 I0.4000 .0640.I .t~'4.
S .010t01 .4014 . 30%060140010444 .2%401t074# 1.1 11 ld~o 11
" "97.0 44.4t,~0 .. oOlIS -. 020,4 01 4411' 10141 .l"14 0t ..6tt4'. 'at0 '~v0
vii 40 .4404"Olitt *444#0 1 6344~t 04 .02 .*.~400 .. ;'00 1.414
14,. . . .l41 -1 6061 *4 1 -t* 14-4 IM two 0(41 l' 1 1 :11111 431-01 -t *.1 4061 0"tI4 I T'".3440 itt'~a0 X tt 1 040' 3)~ -. 411441
is .4111141-0 U#40 m lt-Sto '4 11 1_. 11 11-1 i!,l
1 .0 .44 -.1 M OV -0 10, a :64 Idit'
Table B.23 Coefficients tc Represenit the Global Variation of theMedian Value ot foF2 for November 1978
HARMONIC 01 {2 3
\S 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 .101507400600 -. 074610709-01 -. 34712770E-01 -. 70041O06-1 .14035740E-01 -. 6008300006-01 .146626001-011 .466951406.00 -07060 .666241105.00 .43380100I1E00 .56940600.00 .170101 '0'00 -. 907006001 *334400.0 .1 '.1*05*01 -.03174310F.01 .0560190 -. 566060 .1.4730100.01 :' S'0'116449200 If
3 .09165490060 .1050.0 396. 47006.01 .674001 .4744671020,0 .. 30501 .4007336.04 117050 0000.1 .101050 .6307676"000E.00 .1400Of01 -. 1063250E700 .90300066005.0
9 -000'140.0 -. 490003-03-.34061f.Oo -. 0714560 .9800.0 .6300060 -.403099900660
7 .600340'*3 .24104020103 .766394006600 .361090 .9104013o60 .. 343096 .,,910,00.1+0
9 .664903 -. 149163o9.os -.196947400.OZ -.43540f.00o -.5779600.00~a .63 006004 -.76137056010110 .0000316560 -. 3151 -. 603150 .0020.00 ?.14?060 136400 -03550
0 -.65151300609 1 S583Z001 AOE 6300001 .561320OfZ700 . I360f.02- 738.46330E0*-01 .346001930 1:
1 '0 *1!10119501 .31700104100t0 111.70600.0.170560 .1300.0-010900.01 .75000616 . 6 7 0 0 * 3 .164 067 0 .00 - 35 4 7 .0 -.3903700 06401 .3647 1210E+01 -.72 600 06.39O 4 .01 01 75300.00
17 .4,7914 0901 S .19 0.003 .134790E000 20 -. 003 709401~o -.367540 O*4006 .4.6763026 F02-.1 ?1393I3t 015 .0502426106+02 : 1934750 -. 611,170. - . .......00.0 -.11005390960 _.1033110700.01 -.- 1140120f:011t0 1..6014501040 -.4344805.00 ý1.05963050 .307001 .0100 1 .043000 -. 1346T00.006~~~ ~~ 1.407960 -. 176990 02110208090,03 .147000 .016327670E01 9221310 02 zI -. 00630
00 -. 00770663-.60639.0 .1001000 . 196036096 .305043309.00 .126054071-0.0 .16469705211 24 . E6000563-10669 -.22.9240 0140.3-014790 .46663010 -.0,9100 .10629,0,09.170 .71940M0.0 .5007260+0503 -. 103050..01 -.T13110150f 00 .,040041- 01,09060 .1712701:406006 l40570603 .831600913..2l7054 -. 04630003-916043 -.6010600400.0 -. 0073 020 00
00O.F9610'0 .370403F00o3 .46060709,03 -.15194100E.00 9.1370*0 .So0050 -333003
10 .139.136105.'9M.000510470.03: -.0133860705,02 -. 3504066O01 .136675130E+0 -.07011744l00*01 -10476E+60IT -. 1391006+03 si t . 20650 .46035601:05. -. 00649576F090 -. 733670601 -. 4a13800660 .1$011100100160
5 M56600 06.0240 .9W4SY'30540 -.753064106,03 -190000309403 -.103234665F03 -,6103610?0.01 -.0031I760660939 ,IO
40 0OJ E303660 .1300050 ,64700 . O74707606.06 E0103600 -.771341066
37 .7.009610o,0 +.100040 .031670000-101 ~.'7441'0'7'5090% 761700 - .6'1440 02 40300700-01 -409865M+0160
?10 .193900401.0 3101-0700.066 4 .10740 .0314109.01-O .6153005M601 .3660140006600 -. 1351670014010i0 -. 616210000 -.. I704f0+0 .341600060 -o.603 9310605003 -,0897630i.0216q.449I07005-0 *1.436601601-40 -.3161~605401 .I07460 -.05441 0000 -. 03314060 ?ba .:611 7415060a .3006620 .143600610600Z
40 .. 4841q6f7096911.,11:0301100.11 -.17612540[-03 -.114761405.00 -. 74163007501 -. 00740.1-106466
49 -51669 0 0 .0 0 01 09601C -. 10 17 7~901+049 -. 421137106601 -. 034001000.01 -:6:8 064040E.02 -.090Z 73 CE01*029 .444060 -. 1600'0900600 .42?7100000,0 1069169600 .E6030t9k060,000 .1 92910E.01 -. M410066006446 .1741907 -. 06400o, 00 .050364002 E.03 566040 .030410601 .1330903 .80 0160471 AM1176700601 .0630.0 7 '13300o6000 '1 '11' 0'1* 17.30090 .0l1lV65000':00' I .03 t01350 f 0006100 -00
60 -0004060 .670904019.03 .166605.313 -- 1290 69 *0 .097000 .211io- 3 .3004690C.0 ..633006106649 702493060 30 0410563 W10706 :001.9 -16070060 -. 1032115005.031 _.31is14905600 .2096009M.04190 -70700 20 0696500601 3 21 a -. 600950 4637300400 .670001 1 .7133001 -. 4"76101040.1
09 q +6000000 2114005 00 7536-0E.03466 -.1928F01300 16053773600 -.197131000.5 -.I001#7640-4069
U4 2401610t90040 106761006000 -.3000650 6 .t~- 10100 .140460064ý06 ::31,6 0:1:614000 600.9331-01009 :Is0I79900f000 .4441060330-0 4 .190094000600 -.110000606E-00 771696670060 .96264406JE00.3 -. 1?240606-90 134 .046 290640560 .30701160.00. -. 1509 603 .001 1390I 914 0F01 19$5$38OfO0 -. 390460630.00 .090 000so .6390096 0 O.E700000 J.:1650,106.0-.10443901600~o -.1b7960'4006-01 .11093601 -.30411706o
::3 ** I04180:01, .5014;,00 0 -.9110963006.0 - 4.176000.02 .2610100*00 .17494400 0601 AS I 46160,I99 lAlo -. 96030:60 .011910:01 -. 414090Z0050 64440509561001.33 30 -. 11115Oez 01 90001 .3661540441300:0:1410005.1 .466000 t.06704 -. 36174905.0 -. 3461060 I 'a 30705.0 .15'94914061 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ : %A?16060 too60090 .10600 0997000 .4043ZI106600 j 14 .046010E.01 -1.24Z3016041
is Z.9'0490 .30360.1 .101540.00 .0930636006101:: -. 64 010.001 I .15622690E501 -61466069 -. 6790709.6 1.4101E06012 .601951605.01-O .70652240(-021 .400410.01 ,.9900900.0 -.f 1I36,00*I
6494 -,4I'1' 405100 , .16400139o0f0 .2067970 .6900066-0 2639005Q -. 013363006-01 -.10959b6of66 -. 3907015-0E+O 04999-l U3036001*00 , 001230106060fz 6.1.Z694109-3 -. 1150ot00400 -. 02,576906-*001
11 0 l 0 60 0 0 1 6 60 4O.36 950 60 41&61 90520 .03 . 0 1 0.1 5 a 114,01041:0
V 96 io.63960.1 +Of 06060 .7666406-1 ?,1 '30 _. I .003091 .34660001-0l -. Z4149,060-40 -'a14060 -I.0776006-0 .1666000690E 0 -.30941-0 .6130Oj.*91000 .. 0660-6
so .170274000-1M .3-01 0 6l4-01 01 .4600-1 .. 060f.0001 .067160E.003-1 -. 641066601-6
VI ' -7 1691001 10360001..0I+ -.13314611093- 1 1,37610 -.41 Z56090 . 961'701.001 -. E010601 Z.40093 01-01
7 0280 -.4364601 14090600601 -.64793316600 -. C3,00590-31 7 a09540 T ? 5. 0646063 -.5013606-01
54 8 -. 100900100-0 .193001901008-03 .006100901-01 t101084063 3l66.0TO-3 0.6091:0l-1900 6601
too 0jj -. 90 0010 .431l0730-18 .6406.0 9 .611101609-0 6tqI)-01 .%6 0330:03-1 .02810 -.33491 3 01Q1138140910F00-0 - .060472S06~o-:31015:07006.01 -.:t )4 a "a-0l0 5S4483350 .1 .601 1 .36014311MI00
::1124 tf11
Table B.23 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of the
Median Value of foF2 for November 1978 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 56
7 8 9 10 11 12
M e010 .1t46469401-00 W61001122-61 -:111121731-0'1 *,431',IQE1 *1 32212O
I .SW*A1121.ot6 .'I20IZ6.1 0 *260 02 1 -01 927.1411cf00.2 -. 17401Y0l42I, .41ISUA21A9009110 aOAIOIO *ZO?110.O . 1: to toot .OIOZ*1 * 1.l2t26t .lOAISO&
go.5l tO4 - . 20$7090*I1 *.41 -a0t. W 019*27A1O 00 ~ ?220 .1lltO
A 1.74661l2 8, -81 2?UAAOS02 *tIIISO. -:.11914,101:01 -:1.21t2U 01 *4064IZ72062F~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~3 *2t12.1 .A)9U2 17*2.l*)Ah.01 *1,71?12001.04 .44040,'A
* *21?42A*O *?2 131?2 I7t 41501-O2 .712210SI2.4% .6MS92101.Ol .16SS4IO2. I$ .*900.'x -. )1210 41 -. 6030F.01 Al ~ ?34.O1 ."I1222. 94142410P.0 ::414,14!!J 0
12 .OXSO~2 *fllt~-2 .0)7SE0 -. 111?4,11"101 -. 101 021 -. o~ ~1t..to .10t, 14P.1 .t02 II -. 1 24?10~l 7S1A1.41 *.4Z10'0OF** -.12450140*o 20 0l4 01-412
22.42A 010 1 04 S@2 1 4IIIU I02 +0 .442931021.0 -. 2112t?4021- *A10SISLtoz.
z2 o .20 011724.O 1 SA40.1 ., 7OI 43191270.2 .LI'zo62 *A E02II -7t~l212201 *422fl212'01 [email protected] -.311724OLO.1 .. 4,Ut.l .14*123
22 -. 1120221Al *4?149A0I.0 61"40ft82.44 .4443I9121*22 -IZ1014101-04 *7A 426*
22 -22Al162 -. 72SI'?1221.@ .12117"l19 U -223201+ 04610f2a %32104li-40 -1214$410101
.191 -. SOIOO 4.ITh2?439.@2 .1I22*22I*02 .671Al01:0 22?222 -. 1411?A3E210
11 ISO4AII'4 *421t 102 *. -S1 0140 .2 04111f t*1 41'? 0 12 **231014 120
2 .15401301.41 .91I@0Al101*0 -.41$101Th00A -.4A044010F.0, a.,..2020 I122J
2to 112212 -.210133A0 2.O2 t*6*.AS"2100 .0AS2*2.32IAl42 .2h4.
It -. 422t144b1A@ -44. ,022 -. UZ4'2990*l at)2160 11422*2 -O?4220
21 .221@I@ -20114 -. 1 1 :0124 . 1 01:S202 ?012.S* -.4stl t021*20
22 *.102144:009.0 **alo..t-at 2.f70.2 -. 112S10 -.402 ,4,N s '6"I?2t1A .32 434fn.2
:41.21444101-02 -. .0IF21 .1223116912402 .12221102-'0t ..212 212660-01 -.164 7~XS104
is .fC421272000. -. 44,1146101+A .. AlO.1 .t.82:2,@ 02 *0222401.0g. .12e20,113 01 141 ~ ~ ~ ~ ,o .442$O1 -2AtlIA *1?3W l1 :2861910?1242 .?l,1201*.~)?AI
42 -. **tIl A4110. -0 91201 .10" 01I.2 16.I1A21ct.01 -2121?U2 1- 1 :7 A.2
17 -. 10"N.A 43-e *N18410-:11211122.N -. 3 002 01A0 Z66202.q1-03 4122 't22.200 -. 1102,?200.2?
aIto -.1492741?f 02S -. A1049026" 2 .1'.4,2* ......S1.2241 *.A.t1A2IA-20 -. 6,10167410240 *.62441431262 .)22410 .11A2222 -.4022031163t
It .200)XAHS4I -1442,l@I*@1 -0 .111170441+01 143M441-41*2 02411*1010 2 .:12A31222,22'
it .1?2112 .03?121240" 4 *.'467620+2 :001l 1. 120112. .'.1?12 11 2 32 U2144,101.31
31 .01161$4901A *.3211AU1 @ .51201. 1 - .1403,01 02 1 SOI-0 .63 440t12 22?-01 1'~i.
21 .4441IStl2 *A1214,01.24 ..1$1126006-01 .71A445s1.22 -.1%4 110 ait*2 .22.4220I
36 .122222o -124 -. 3A2A21 12?21440-1 .0 1 0W -. 241M622 -120 .. ~2'3~ -.4111412 &*I21221*2
IS17 1t2I4 1 22h11@ -WOU6014@-ul -.2102'1 031"1 0z"21214204z %2022,1011U
.171*4A1601 .2'0420 .34930 1 22400TO71 - .2' i~t2s: 4so 2 .12201*402~1 *AA?1112,.*2I ~ .4A4672401.40 -.24141?01400 4221041022.01 .S?413?121-40 Stsiottal-0.4 talls,441:31
iv : 7,1O 12S0O 102A14 .121A22 .2 2hE -.112.430641At .tf22tI39. .. 14241,24 0 ISIIS01022-41, .S166111021 W.22*202t -. 274 022
Al *2S2O22 .4?1118201-0 -. 1316tl1I201 -0 212221 1 . .1 1 111 -:A"" .* 'I! AP o I t l-4t4IN a 0
4A, 602?2600-4 ..l?1222664-01* W3214oloo-OR 1.~4 017Al~lt 241422 A142'
Al .44120A2.O l4tltA .112242 -t2*SAI0 *12?t -l *.1431 421-.31
VIal Al 11,41,414 ::'it*SA :l)S1A?0:2 12)..*4 0t~) I1&
044 to, 224 14t *., 4 to12-tI .?44460 10222.2
2~ .0 14920250 ..lg 0it~ 4 0107040AS 221 ..; *0) I1-01 -.144t. 0:021-4 i4A, ~ 0
464 ,0)16! t4, -,2C12t2M40 *442A'2 *.4SI249-01 .2'420 .S*t*.2
H31611141-01410
-. 444 %a1 -0 -.0IM41-4 1,1130tco
.1161TU146------------ -- .$1144: "1,1.,94I
Table B.24 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for December 1978
HARMONIC 0 1 2 3
01 2 3 4 5 6
I~~~~~o *.'20040-1S?7640 .3&1I. 0 -:044 al 070 a .t i .3211O0 .iII 0307100-01 . 131715101-0
*~~~~~~~~~~ .4*%?(0 .*20717010 .OHS?10 -. 0XO(O 43110E.OI ..15*0,I0 2.2@I0* ..,.P00,01 .22B?*1:*I01 .7tI0.t 1~ft1O.1-0 -. 4IIHEO .34032OS013 ,?o.30a
1* ~ *0~t0HZ -~0~$3f. -. 49H14.0 1*0@?IS0f.oz -..10)411 EotI -.0420510'-1 -.Z054220I*0I
11 .@6O0@~3 I? @ . 41 11311010410 -.2617001-020 -. 15'?HIB9oIH -. 203413102-02 .1231U304.0I
* * .141?0.0 .0l'~4I0 .:3,7114101# 1 .405311401-ot .zo374071QE:O0 .Z?U60O-02 .0SZ3l?*O60
It -. **0?It@0 -JEZOIC .104l1t 1:S01 .HIISICOS.0o .373t400SM001 .ItiI0401-0 .I10 01.4110 *.t~tC* 1 -dO*37164tI0I tOt6, -11040.I -lIZ -. 1.2,3&060 .0601bJ0101I
10 1?404@~ 1.t~tI01 *.710111.41 ..4&u :q0.0 .*O5oO** a .~4tI0 0.S~LE17 f -. a .u01 71 $01-01O .144125401-02 9IHf*.1 -.ttlt*O1.O02 -107i*1#64.02 -.17IS7t1-010
* * ~ ~ ~ ~ *..u:n1401470O0 -.102%44141.01 .34414ao0.,* .&0titO .?QItI0 .l5ht?IOI01 ..01*0I@* .0.19210F0**th 01 -.224Z74010.1 .46I M1~t*.41 110601GO.00I 4 -. I 4tlCOIO1 k336657@I09-01 US7C.0
161*14?t.tt6' 6614140,o600 -. 14q$614a) .z 1 09:01e 23z .OH ZtCj.0* ::a't~6303$530,3T.40 49 00 10
$6041901-41.0 0179sot ~I SS*03 l .1N -01*C 1t71tt710.01 -.607340t01.Go .39201 O.01 too110IG*a: . 1*.i6t16ieI.@ .*44&16 4 .*IH'0160) .elzo00 -.174736 OEOI -01 Z4149101.0t .te)?,31U*@*
to .V.1?04Itoct - .tto *Ii0 .1 001OHO Z.644140 a0 40.3l01101-t01 .1733b01.Q a ?10010II *60*?~thE@) . 44t* -*0 .6476,140.0t -. *&t00O1 *XIO?01 6 .*&7031131 .1 *71231 fS41
It *a0 1'04 .. H0110 .14 634101402 30. 140?tFl.41 -. t10113001:0, * .b 94-?001* -. 1 1 1.0**
11 II1*?0i*014 .1121,611 a a3 M. t3166 0) *1404641.01 -11111424~..? -..114401640.01 .059420601.0241 .ZtIftt.10001 .*44 3*0.0 .S09XI6019 1 - .I1_:l OS*0t1*01 !; !431ft006.12 .0 "0. 0'4t*t* -. 131*OtU.0114 .*14310100al1 41 . 10**t 03I -.1122764 -t* -0*fl&Sto** .I7)0 a z l01 .Ot70t** -. @**449041*O
3' .1?40404) .40420441-010 -.t301*tC -. 00 01Hoz *...... 401* .02 Oa 400HI.Q0 **.05760?1.02
1S .?111=114 -. 95101061.G *1Z733I.S*100 .Z1)*Zf* .1217601tIO01 Ill 20401:a$O *zs1:03~o
440-0 -. Zf40t.@ 66101b).* :.130440106*Hl .. 101648t*I.03 -.344914401.* .&3317049 0 1 61316414S.
it *.14917041-01a 33~ae4I0 3SGtIIO 41010*23* . I0 Z0E* .l7t~.i .t*00
me .dS:4 lb .*? :B0I.0 .. 2,3 i0 .10@11t ...31,3101.*? **70H4O .1017n.1110 I
W614".4t*t* 1 *S11004to at u.set0I* -IO*@I* .1O t14 1.~ttI@ *. .~041
14 1468*tsottSO. .1* 13100't S ::,stoI~t* I.00'Sf0 .*to, tlel *. 1t**. d04 -01*
* ~ ~~ ~ "11614 M.I4616t.( .t0 t1 3 .01HO~3 1 .I 0ttttt5$ .t1t1*IM101- .1417500t9.03 .0t13
:11410001-0 .?1094zotoo 6-160"1 .111114140
64 -:42S W"%-.644414 0"
*Table B.24 Coefficients to Represent the Global Variation of theMedian Value of foF2 for December 1978 (Continued)
HARMONIC 4 5 6
X 7 8 9 10 11 12
0 .417?011 .4143050E.44 .440000406-o .7101940106-1 .17!1411006-01 -.. 134'10016-0 39 .011+0064 -. 046?10, 00 -. 24IS081606.0 -. 636161-000.0 1. 400131?0.O 41 1449Sall
47 "40140 .02 *,44114ot06.0 -. oo3oooaO01-0 .o7lnoo -l44101 *l04 a 001*
* 409461 -.911071640 .000*60 1000,0 .414$190009.01 *401144024:30 *.60040 .116606t -.)11441006.41 .0001614006.O .4117414016.01 .91IS0404I6.1I
10 -1=3140061 .100000-.04404010601 .3104114000+01 .471101010.00 I.9"110900.01to *.04430060 -. 011040 Il00031-0111011 .441041 -. 26406600
10 -6I6.4200-1 -3610000-Ol .040064 .311711640"10 711.0246-0"l.2144011 -34440-1 .110114041-0 .110041240"-1 .1311416.0l -.110*0410060" .406060
14 .130495706.01 .00000-0 .025910406*01 -. 3145140160100 .4001.10760.00 .14610431-01.001 .46IM011600 .435140001-00 -.3414771la0*0 -.474416110600 .171104100.00.a11460
1 V*440040261-d .07?70910601 ."04113010600 .11046'01.00 .4010.0-1001601? .M1SS310000 .41010601 o -. 104460 .44,0014020O0 -.1604911064 -. 102834010040
16 -. 18911650640t -.21201201.41 .40912740601-4 *0340M406~1-.1400140 .0013*to 14 .746902101+01 -. 4144,1814601 .111001006.01 .001060. .111404401.01 -.105444010141to -. t14196140.6.1 .001060 -040460 .. 000001 .100.1 .415114$10.01.
* 01 ~~~~~~-.511675400641 .0110'0 1010.0 -. 02160 .1410510t0.11 .101944401f.41.1 00 .42164431.0t0 .101614010.02 -. 111$11441.01 -.17041f861.02 .06604106.00 .000960
ow *1 ~~ .441014 U".11601040-106460 .104.02 .4196444101100.01o-o *0il'10S01,0011 *4~~4 -. 0 0.60 .265419106101 .471011400402 121460 00410,1-24006020 .16940401406. .1063006100*01 -. 010160 46131*46-06. kit6464006.01 -. 141603030i.2t6 -. 111410201001 -. 00.0.0 .16T4,100603 .400114,24,02 [.t74445101020 M896.A40).11
* I 07~~~~~~~~I .414024400.03 .106400 .594101810.02 400410 .0011.0-01046106 .16071601 -. 319020401012 -. 62S04410.0 -. 271116010020 -.400141710.00 4l1000
to -0110460 -. U*448924106* .0240119.01+0 -. 19261110.01 .4041M06.00. .01301toct,0*to 1.041*4083.0 -.:1416 .. 0 -.040021106.~o01 -. 44013t0064101 .714*..1301.00-0661060
04 1.344100w0 .04100.0t .21606001-061 .1165714401.0Z -. 1714061400.03111016's -. 1 606.02 .6 101001.01 -.40741016042O .311446614.00-.104000 .4400.0
04 -. 1I0061S6441 .101411000-o1 *0141100-101.4 -. 0140TZ6.010-.001 -14%44.2.1464130001-11 -. Ss4120100400 .1441040100.01 430314120-02 .215670010-01 -11OI404001-01 401462
16 -.431341410100 .04000 -. 410004-0 Atlllt0060 -. 1 W4700.0 401-0100 -. 260100101..0210 .01201410.0 .390114701"0 -oo1toeo -. 7300301-01.0 .4411000-01 .4410..40 .40444140600 -A""160116400 -.64111600.00 . 1111400110-01 .401 11100601 .144106C41 .167040011 -. 131141406.00 -. 14"120016.00 -.713I0604000 0111160 060760S."4
'0 .014140601 .114110641 .4"7030140601 .01130401001- .464101701.00 -. 116414010.00 -. 1546$40410.41 -. 16144 1-41060 .216615tt00.1 -.3491610 00.0 .104917010.00 *.4104131-0.1)
.414010* 0 .402041416.4 .101400.100.01 M.0040.0141 .104406iii : t541410441 -.0416W061414 *M.10400101-o .l00011061.01 AWAS10640000 -. 4I11144 -. 414416160000 -. 414141006.01 -. 41010040.e1 tS.0131010.01 .10jji001160 . 1040I1
4? .11000-1.I14641061410 -. 211440001.01 -. 110100006.00 *-611940M.01l ..10416026"1 941 -. 00400.1 .1tt400006,1 -.111,1100101.4 -. 010141040.01 .41010011.041 .1I'000006.lI
" "to01104 .611040 .t00160 .116000 100400 .19%401432..31It .1161061 .160046401"1 ,001461600.1 -. 110110010.01 W0.406006.0t .0100l
01 -44004040440 .0411411061-0 .0303301-061 .4040~1 .1040.l-11*460 .:b4111000.01-.140114001.001 *.4ttle001H.1 460400406010 *11000. -0060.1
04 .01'l141-01 .01000006-0 .1161400.01 .161104101-0% .1144044040-01 .104100Is setT000160-01 -.0404600444000401.4 .4v0441601% -. 1011010-01 *.-M634-0011-$1 -.01441114~0 104 0000 -W00114100-0 -.111111104.41 .1006ob000 .112401-31 .144460140.11
s t - 0 1 1 4 144010 411 - M 64 1 84146 1 10 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 7 *1 1 0 0 0 4 0 0 .0 -. 0 1 t 0 - 0 ,-04 0 t at0) 6 I1 4 16:4 ::o -O41 SOM1101-010 .4141424016.0-.14 4001 -.31e1?01'06. -04"401,J01o40 -.0 1004 -U001460 0 400 .111161.440400010 -400000.0 .101060.4
40 ~ ~ a IM9144.0-40104041-4 -. 131VIII401 40 4 4416 -.11MI101-ca .304000
It"44 .010060 .4013'0 .40041106.01 .010 M-601 -,611%01017-10 1060401V 4 )*?4 400 -1111%6014.04 ..01494114041 .1011004'661 .1406610.1.03044 ~~-.4010t64410 .1440-1 .3014102-01 *"1el 04 .01110.006104,.
4* -4000160 -. 7111300446-0 .101144106.0 -. 100.006e,-'0,1-1 . li..100 *014 "k160-40 -M04094460-41 -.04104,4001 .0.40000*4e4.60 t.41w4*vt.W).
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APPENDIX C: CONTOUR TABLES OF THE GLOBAL REPRESENTATION OF THE MEDIAN
VALUE OF foF2 SELECTED MONTHS AND UNIVERSAL TIMES
This appendix provides examples of global maps of foF2 determined from
the numerical coefficients derived in this study. Shown are contours of foF2 -
in MHz for 0600 and 1800 hrs universal time for the months of January, April, "
July, and October for solar minimum (1975/1976) and solar maximum (1978/1979)
conditions. The maps illustrate the global variations of the median behavior
of foF2 as a function of season and solar cycle. It is worthwhile noting that
the gradients in foF2 are less steep on a global basis during the month of -
July (northern hemisphere summer) than during any other month of the year.
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FORM NTIA-29 U.S. DEPARTTENT OF COMMERCE .(4-80) NAT'L. TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION•-,?-,
BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA SHEET
"" 1. PUBLICATION NO. 2. Gov't Accession No. 3. Recipient's Accession No.S~ NTIA Report 84-140 h,,
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. Publication DateJanuary 1984 ':,""Global Maps of foF2 Derived from Observations and Januaryz1984
6.Performing Organization Code .
Theoretical Values NTIA/ITS .7.AUTHOR(S) C. M. Rush, M. PoKempner, D. N. Anderson, 9. ProjecVTasWWo* Unit No.
J. Perry, F. G. Stewart, R. Reasoner8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Institute for Telecommunication SciencesNational Telecommunications and Information Admin. 1o ContracvGrentNo.U.S. Department of Commerce
:: Boulder, CO 8030311. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 12. Type of Report and Period Covered
"13.
14. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES -
15. ABSTRACT (A 200-word or less factual summaty o0 most significant information. It document includes a significant bibliography or literature
survey, mention it here.)
Observations of the F2-region critical frequency, foF2, and values determinedfrom the time-dependent continuity equation for ions and electrons in the iono-sphere have been used to develop a new set of numerical coefficients to representthe global variation of foF2. The coefficients developed in this study, likethose in earlier investigations, permit monthly median hourly values of foF2 tobe obtained at any location around the globe for any month of the year and solaractivity level. The procedures undertaken to develop the new numerical coeffi-cients are described in this report. Comparisons between foF2 determined usingolder sets of numerical coefficients and foF2 determined using the new set of
*- coefficients specifies and predicts the observed variations in the F2-regioncritical frequency.
16. Key Words (Alphabetical order. separated by semcom o )
"ionospheric maps; critical frequency; time-dependent continuity equation
17 AVAILABILITY STATEMENT WS Secunty C&as (TINS Itporli 20 Numb&r of pages
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