ESPECIES CUARENTENADAS ?

COLEGIO DE POSTGRADUADOS-HF-FIT613

HUITLACOCHE - Ustilago maydis

Ustilago maydis (envasado comercial)

-no basidiocarpo,

-forma fíbulas

-basidio segmentado y,

-basidio no segmentado

COMPARATIVOS BASIDIOS ENTRE ROYAS Y CARBONES

AGARICOMYCETES

►

SEPTADO

CARBONES

Kendrick, 2000

NO SEPTADO

BASIDIOSPORA

INFECTA PRINCIPALMENTE EL EMBRION

EMBRION

TELIOS

PORAS

GRANO MAIZ

CARBON PARCIAL (carbón karnal) Tilletia indica

(cuarentenado por

SAGARPA Y EPPO)

SORI

COLEGIO DE POSTGRADUADOS-HF-FIT613

Ustilago nuda SANA

CON CARBON

Agrios, 2005

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Tilletia tritici SANA vs CON CARBON

GRANO

ENFERMO

SORI

LISAS

Tilletia indica

(cuarentenado)

TELIOSPORAS

ORNAMENTA

DAS

Tilletia tritici

Tilletia laevis

VER DATOS

EN

SIGUIENTE

DIAPOSITI

VA

A.COMMON BUNT, Tilletia tritici

B. LOOSE SMUT, Ustilago tritici

C. LOOSE SMUT, INFECTADO EMBRION

D-G. CORN SMUT, Ustilago maydis

Basidium & basidiospores

Young Mature

spore

Yeast like

reproduction

Parasi ti c

hypha

l spore

\ \

G0} : 1 •• 1 " l n:J

Karyogamy Meiosis Plasmogarny

Dikaryophase

====

Diplophase Haplophase Dikaryophase

== ========

A N A M O R F O TIPO LEVADURA

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

I. USTILAGINOMYCETES (Vánky, 2000):

II. PLANTA PATOGENO-INTERACCION (varios tipos). Ej.:

◄

CARBONES: FORMA VESICULAS EN

Sphacelotheca polygoni

HAUSTORIO

•

/ /

/

/ /

' '-.,.

Ustilago

maydis

SOROS

(agallas)

Ustilago maydis

Ustilago maydis

Herrera y Ulloa,

1998

HETEROTALICO

CON TETRAPOLAR

“MATING TYPE

SYSTEM”

.• ji, .....:#:/ · ..

Bas1diospores infect young' 1 Dikaryotic mycelium

infects kernel

through silk

plants or growing tissues

ofolderpl f' -

A. ·r are i nfected

through the silk

'ti o o /f .

.,;d;o<poce<

{'<-

"••

Com plant with galls

Dikaryotic cells

of mycelium become

tel iospores in gall

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

x

\\ r· Myceil um reaches and

,\ 1 \ f. follows growing point of

·ti plant \·1/

\ 1

\f Primary sporidia

fuseto form H-shaped Á_/'( r'"- Mycelium penetrates

seedling directly and

grows between cells Dikaryotic mycelium

from secondary

sporidium attacks

wheat seedling lntercellular

mycelium Secondary

sporidium

germinales

u f -- Uninucleate

p<;m"y <pmid;,

V Basidium

W'Germinating teliospore Healthy

wheat head

Z'ygote

Teliospores on germinating Mycelialcells

are transformed Smutted kernels

G··¡

\ (

Q

wheatrknel break upon harvest and contam1na

te

1 •

(j) ":""'wOo'" "•'•

\11 Smutted wheat kernel

full of teliospores

/

06 f

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXXXXX

UNA ► TELIOSPORA

EN SEMILLA

Mycellium follows

growth of growing

\ point of plant

intercellularly

Mycelial cells in kernels

become teliospores

Kernels of infected

plants are filled ; Mycelium invades

young seedlings

intracellularly

with teliospores-............:

Telliospore germinates

on flower. Dikaryotic

mycelium infects ovary

Mycelium overwinters

in the embryo of

infected cereal kernels

/ Kernelmembranebreaks.

Teliospores blown away

by air currents

Teliospores land

on flowers of healthy plants

Mycelium invades

parts of embryo in seed

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

COSECHA MASA AEREA DE TELIOSPORAS

Table 5.1 Difl'erences between Rust and Smut Fungi

Uredinales Ustilaginales

1) Teliospores terminal Teliospores intercalary

2) Basidiospores 4, shot from

sterigmata Basidiospore number variable, not on

sterigmata, not discharged

3) Spermagonia produced ( sex

organs) No sex organs, any two compatible cells

can fuse

4) Clamp connections absent Clamp connections common

5) Often require 2 hosts Never require 2 hosts

6) Obligately biotrophic Facultatively biotrophic, yeast-Iike in culture

7) Infections usually localized Infections usually systemic

8) Teliospores in telial sori, location

unspecific Teliospores replace host organ, e.g., ovary,

anther

9) Attack fems, gymnosperms and Attack only angiosperms

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

COLEGIO DE POSTGRADUADOS-HF-FIT613