5. Migration, Introductions and Local DistributionSource: Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 26, No. 1 (May, 1957), pp. 232-235Published by: British Ecological SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1802 .

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232 Abstracts

Usher, G. A. (1955). Damage from mice and voles. Quart. J. For. 29, 310. In a mixed plantation, Lawson's cypress were damaged while Thuja plicata was untouc hed.

5. MIGRATION, INTRODUCTIONS AND LOCAL DISTRIBUTION

Baxter, E. V. (1956). Review of ornithological changes in Scotland in 1954. Scot. Nat. 68, 1-9.

Five birds new to Scotland were recorded during the year; numerous new county records and county breeding records.

Bletchly, J. D. (1955). A little-known borer in imported softwood; Serropalpus barbatus Schall. (Coleoptera, Melandryidae). Review of literature and recent occurrences in Great Britain. Forestry, 28, 67-72.

Biology and world distribution of a pest rare in this country, where its main importance is that the damage is indistinguishable from that caused by wood-wasps, Siricidae.

Came, P. H. (1956). Mammals in Hampshire. Oryx, 3, 200-202. Hampshire has a rich mammalian fauna, probably owing largely to the abundance of

woodland.

Boyd, J. M. (1956). The Lumbricidae of Hirta, St. Kilda. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 9, 129-133.

The population densities of nine species are studied in various ecological zones.

Boyd, J. M., Munns, D. J. & Whitehouse, A. A. K. (1956). The birds on St. Kilda, May 1955. Scot. Nat. 68, 14-22.

Notes on all species present, with a census of many. Chambers, V. H. (1955). Further Hymenoptera records from Bedfordshire. J. Soc.

Brit. Ent. 5, 126-129. Supplements the account given in 1949, Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent., 9, 197-252.

Clark, D. J. (1956). New records for Pirata uliginosus Thorell (Araneae, Lycosidae). Ent. mon. Mag. 92, 44.

This spider, hitherto known from Merioneth, Sussex, Berkshire and Shropshire, is here recorded from Surrey, Hampshire, Cheshire and Northumberland.

Cranbrook, Earl of (1956). The mammals of Suffolk. Oryx, 3, 266-270. Discusses the mammalian fauna in general, with notes on the present rarity or abundance

of various species. Crichton, M. I., Baker, B. R. & Hanna, H. M. (1956). Records of Trichoptera from

the Reading area. Ent. mon. Mag. 92, 31-35. Contains a list, with dates and localities, of 78 species collected at night, mostly in Berk-

shire, but also at places in Hampshire, Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Surrey. 63 species occurred at one pond. A total of 93 species are now known from Berkshire.

Davis, R. A. (1956). Small mammals caught near London. Lond. Nat. 35 (1955), 88-89.

Mus musculus the most numerous of the seven small mammals caught in live traps in hedgerows, ricks and farm buildings from 29 September 1955 until December 1955 at two places in Surrey and until January 1956 in one in Kent. They and Apodemus sylvaticus about equal in abundance in hedgerows. As many as ten Micromys minutus trapped at one place and two in another.

de Worms, C. G. M. (1956). The moths of London and its surroundings. Lond. Nat. 35 (1955), 33-76.

Notes on localities, abundance, food plants and seasonal occurrence for species of Cara- drinidae and Plusiidae. (Cf. 1955, Lond. Nat. 34 (1954), 66-107; J. Anim. Ecol. 25, 201

(1956).) Eastop, V. F. (1956). Aphids collected from Cader Idris and the Barmouth salt marsh.

Entomologist, 89, 101-103. A list of some 65 species, with food plants, including several not previously known from

Britain.

232 Abstracts

Usher, G. A. (1955). Damage from mice and voles. Quart. J. For. 29, 310. In a mixed plantation, Lawson's cypress were damaged while Thuja plicata was untouc hed.

5. MIGRATION, INTRODUCTIONS AND LOCAL DISTRIBUTION

Baxter, E. V. (1956). Review of ornithological changes in Scotland in 1954. Scot. Nat. 68, 1-9.

Five birds new to Scotland were recorded during the year; numerous new county records and county breeding records.

Bletchly, J. D. (1955). A little-known borer in imported softwood; Serropalpus barbatus Schall. (Coleoptera, Melandryidae). Review of literature and recent occurrences in Great Britain. Forestry, 28, 67-72.

Biology and world distribution of a pest rare in this country, where its main importance is that the damage is indistinguishable from that caused by wood-wasps, Siricidae.

Came, P. H. (1956). Mammals in Hampshire. Oryx, 3, 200-202. Hampshire has a rich mammalian fauna, probably owing largely to the abundance of

woodland.

Boyd, J. M. (1956). The Lumbricidae of Hirta, St. Kilda. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 9, 129-133.

The population densities of nine species are studied in various ecological zones.

Boyd, J. M., Munns, D. J. & Whitehouse, A. A. K. (1956). The birds on St. Kilda, May 1955. Scot. Nat. 68, 14-22.

Notes on all species present, with a census of many. Chambers, V. H. (1955). Further Hymenoptera records from Bedfordshire. J. Soc.

Brit. Ent. 5, 126-129. Supplements the account given in 1949, Trans. Soc. Brit. Ent., 9, 197-252.

Clark, D. J. (1956). New records for Pirata uliginosus Thorell (Araneae, Lycosidae). Ent. mon. Mag. 92, 44.

This spider, hitherto known from Merioneth, Sussex, Berkshire and Shropshire, is here recorded from Surrey, Hampshire, Cheshire and Northumberland.

Cranbrook, Earl of (1956). The mammals of Suffolk. Oryx, 3, 266-270. Discusses the mammalian fauna in general, with notes on the present rarity or abundance

of various species. Crichton, M. I., Baker, B. R. & Hanna, H. M. (1956). Records of Trichoptera from

the Reading area. Ent. mon. Mag. 92, 31-35. Contains a list, with dates and localities, of 78 species collected at night, mostly in Berk-

shire, but also at places in Hampshire, Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Surrey. 63 species occurred at one pond. A total of 93 species are now known from Berkshire.

Davis, R. A. (1956). Small mammals caught near London. Lond. Nat. 35 (1955), 88-89.

Mus musculus the most numerous of the seven small mammals caught in live traps in hedgerows, ricks and farm buildings from 29 September 1955 until December 1955 at two places in Surrey and until January 1956 in one in Kent. They and Apodemus sylvaticus about equal in abundance in hedgerows. As many as ten Micromys minutus trapped at one place and two in another.

de Worms, C. G. M. (1956). The moths of London and its surroundings. Lond. Nat. 35 (1955), 33-76.

Notes on localities, abundance, food plants and seasonal occurrence for species of Cara- drinidae and Plusiidae. (Cf. 1955, Lond. Nat. 34 (1954), 66-107; J. Anim. Ecol. 25, 201

(1956).) Eastop, V. F. (1956). Aphids collected from Cader Idris and the Barmouth salt marsh.

Entomologist, 89, 101-103. A list of some 65 species, with food plants, including several not previously known from

Britain.

This content downloaded from 194.29.185.101 on Thu, 1 May 2014 13:49:14 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions

Migration etc. 233 Godwin, G. E. (1956). A major threat to Sitka spruce? Quart. J. For. 50, 119-123.

Dendroctonus (Hylesinus) micans, known in Denmark as the giant bark beetle, has spread alarmingly there since 1947, and has killed whole plantations. Goto, H. E. (1956). Anurophorus satchelli, sp. n. (Colembola: Isotomidae), from

Britain. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 9, 134-139. Much the commonest collembolan in a Molinia peat moss at Grange-over-Sands.

Gotto, R. V. (1956). A new asidicolous Copepod: Lichomolgus didemni, sp. nov. J. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 42, 600-602.

In the ascidian Didemnum maculosum in Strangford Lough. Grensted, L. W. (1956). Diptera new to Gloucestershire. Ent. mon. Mag. 92, 72.

Eight species taken in a garden. Hallett, H. M. (1956). Hymenoptera Aculeata in Monmouthshire. Trans. Cardiff Nat.

Soc. 83, 1953-54, 18-21. A list of 132 species, mainly from Raglan, Trelleck, Llanthony and Abergavenny.

Hanson, H. S. (1952). Megastigmus seedflies. Quart. J. For. 46, 261-264. Megastigmus is a genus of Torymidae (Hym., Chalcidoidea), many species feeding on conifer

seeds. Life cycles, known infestations in Britain and present distributions are recorded.

Harper, G. W. (1956). The Macrolepidoptera of Inverness-shire-Newtonmore district. Ent. Rec. 68, 91-92.

This second supplement contains thirteen additions to the main list. (Cf. 1955, Ent. Rec. 67, 39-40; 1955, J. Anim. Ecol. 24, 491.) Harrison, J. W. Heslop- (1956). Lepidoptera in the Inner Hebrides. Ent. Rec. 68,

97-98. Includes seven additions to the list for Rhum. (Cf. 1955, Ent. Rec. 67, 141-147, 169-177;

1956, J. Anim. Ecol. 25, 202.) Harrison, J. W. Heslop- (1956). Rhopalomyia ptarmicae Vallot (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae)

in the Outer Hebrides. Entomologist, 89, 124. Galls of this Cecidomyiid were abundant on South Harris in 1955, which constitutes the

first record from the Outer Hebrides.

Hughes, R. A. (1956). Localities for the chalk carpet (Ortholitha bipunctaria, Schiff.) (Lep.: Geometridae) in North Wales, 1947, 1948, 1949 and 1953. Entomologist, 89, 129-130.

Records for Flintshire, Denbighshire and Caernarvonshire. Hussey, N. W. (1952). New records of Megastigmus (Hymenoptera, Chalcicidae) in

Scotland with a note on the first recorded parasites of Megastigmus spermotrophus Wachtl. Scot. For. 6, 53-55.

Infestation of the seeds of conifers; includes three species new to Britain. Hyatt, K. H. (1956). British mites of the genus Pachyseius Berlese, 1910 (Gamasina-

Neoparasitidae). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 9, 1-6. Two British species in leaf litter and in lake high-water debris.

Jackson, D. J. (1956). The capacity for flight of certain water beetles and its bearing on their origin in the Western Scottish Isles. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. 167, 76-96.

Less than half of all specimens can fly, several species being entirely flightless. These species must have reached the islands via a land connection. Johnson, A. L. (1956). Seal migration. Nature in Wales, 2, 267-270.

Based on recent work in west Wales on the recovery of ringed grey seals. Massee, A. M. (1955). Notes on some interesting insects observed in 1954. Rep. East

Malling Res. Stn. (A) 38, 133-136. Short notes on some of the interesting insects and mites observed on fruit trees in 1954.

Maxwell, H. A. (1953). Grey squirrels in Scotland. Scot. For. 7, 92-94. At present mainly occurring in 8 counties in central Scotland. General notes and methods

of destruction.

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234 Abstracts

Morgan, N. C. (1956). The occurrence ofDixafilicornis Edwards (Dipt. Culicidae) in central Perthshire. Entomologist, 89, 71-72.

Adults of this species, hitherto known only from the type locality of Sussex, were taken in emergence traps over Loch Dunmore during April-May and August-October, 1954-55. Most taken over water 6-12 in. deep with a bottom of leaves on mud, but one taken over water 6 ft deep with a bottom of bare mud.

Niblett, M. (1956). The flies of the London area. III. Trypetidae. Lond. Nat. 35 (1955), 82-88.

Localities, seasonal life-history and food plants for the 49 Trypetids known to occur within a 20-mile radius of St. Paul's Cathedral.

Perkins, E. J. (1956). Microarthridion fallax, a species of Harpacticid Copepod new to science from Whitstable, Kent. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 9, 108-111.

In sand and mud. A key to the genus is given.

Rae, B. B. & Wilson, E. (1956). Rare and exotic fishes recorded in Scotland during 1954. Scot. Nat. 68, 23-38.

Notes on 38 species; the most notable feature of the year was the phenomenal number of records of the deal-fish, Trachypterus arcticus.

Reynoldson, T. B. (1956). The occurrence in Britain of the American Triclad Dugesia tigrina (Girard) and the status of D. gonocephala (Duges). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 9, 102-105.

Records of gonocephala probably refer to tigrina, which has been introduced several times.

Reynoldson, T. B. (1956). Observations on the earthworms of North Wales. Northw. Nat. (N.S.) 3 (1955), 291-304.

Nineteen species were recorded. Information on the ecological distribution is given. The species composition in cultivated soils broadly resembles that in lowland Scotland.

Reynoldson, T. B., O'Connor, F. B. & Kelly, W. A. (1956). Observations on the earthworms of Bardsey. Rep. Bardsey Bird Field Obs. 1955, 31-39.

Nine species occur on the island, which is off the coast of Caernarvonshire. Samples were taken from various habitats and estimates made of numbers and biomass.

Robinson, D. M. (1956). Craneflies (Dipt., Tipulidae) from Northumberland. Ent. Mon. Mag. 92, 72.

Five additions to the county list.

Sage, B. L. (1956). Notes on some Coleoptera from South Hertfordshire. Ent. Rec. 68, 112-113.

Lists of twelve species from Aldenham Reservoir and thirty from Cuffley Greatwood, both scheduled as Nature Conservation Areas.

Salmon, H. M. (1956). Ornithological Notes 1953-54. Trans. Cardiff Nat. Soc. 83 (1953-54), 22-24.

A list of 41 species, including two new to Glamorgan, the Squacco Heron and the Bridled Tern.

Scudder, G. G. E. (1956). A contribution to a survey of the distribution of the Hemip- tera-Heteroptera of Wales. Ent. Mon. Mag. 92, 54-64.

This extensive list includes several species new to Wales.

Spencer, K. A. (1956). The British Agromyzidae (Dipt.). Proc. S. Lond. Ent. Nat. Hist. Soc. 1954-55, 98-108.

A large number of additions to the British list, four deletions, and an interim check list of British representatives, comprising some 250 species.

Taylor, W. L. (1954). Squirrels in Great Britain. Forestry, 27, 63-68. The distribution in 1953 and the habits of Sciurus vulgaris leucourus and S. carolinensis are

discussed and their control considered.

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Behaviour 235 Went, A. E. J. & Vickers, K. U. (1956). Salmon movements around Ireland -VI.

From Portballintrae, Co. Antrim (1953 and 1954). Proc. R. Irish Acad. (B) 58, 17-21.

More movements to the west than otherwise, most movements at less than five miles per day.

White, E. (1956). The hydroid Hydranthea margarica (Hincks) in Scottish waters. Scot. Nat. 68, 39-42.

The most northerly and first Scottish record on Flustra at Sanda island, Argyll. Williamson, K. (1956). Birds and Lepidoptera in Anticyclonic airstreams. Ent. Rec.

68, 95-97. Large invasions of Fair Isle by migrant birds as a result of down-wind drift in anticyclonic airstreams from Europe are often accompanied by influxes of migrating Plusia gamma. Evidence of a link between the migration of lepidopterous species and anticyclonic air-

streams, similar to that between the latter and birds, was provided by captures in a mercury- vapour trap in late August 1955 and supported by similar captures on the Island of Canna (Hebrides) and visual observations at Great Saltee (off south-eastern Ireland).

Woodroffe, G. E. (1956). Miscellaneous records of Hemiptera-Heteroptera captured during 1955. Ent. Mon. Mag. 92, 47-48.

Includes information on the habitat and food plants of several uncommon species.

6. STUDIES ON BEHAVIOUR Andrew, R. J. (1956). Territorial behaviour of the yellowhammer Emberiza citrinela

and corn bunting E. calandra. Ibis, 98, 502-505. Yellowhammer territories were based on a hedge, those of corn buntings were centred over

cornfields. In both the formation and maintenance of the bond between the sexes appeared to be the prime function.

Armstrong, E. A. (1956). Territory in the wren Troglodytes troglodytes. Ibis, 98, 430-437.

The males are strongly territorial and polygamous., Territory leads to dispersal and is of use in pair formation. It provides a foraging area in which roosting and nesting sites are known. Basically territorialism is concerned with reproduction.

Ash, J. (1956). Mimetic posturing of red-backed shrikes. Brit. Birds, 49, 178-180. In the New Forest red-backed shrikes were so inconspicuous that they were rarely seen

unless specially searched for. On three occasions in 1955 cocks were found in a mimetic posture which may be significant in relation to the apparent scarcity of the species, and may have high survival value.

Blank, T. H. & Ash, J. S. (1956). The concept of territory in the partridge Perdix p. perdix. Ibis, 98, 379-389.

Territory is of two types, covey territory (late summer to early winter) and pair territory (late winter to early summer). Unmated cocks show no territorial behaviour. Territory distribution is closely associated with food supply.

Church, H. F. (1956). The roosting times of the swift. Bird Study, 3, 217-220. During 1954 and 1955 the time of going to roost of swifts at Berwick on Tweed was closely

correlated with time of sunset. Flying and feeding times are regarded as functions of day- length, this determining later arrival and early departure near the northern limit of the range.

Conder, P. J. (1956). The territory of the wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe. Ibis, 98, 453-459.

Wheatears pair for life and usually occupy the same territories each year. Migrants hold small territories while resting when on passage. Though territories supply sufficient food, their first importance is as breeding areas, places most suitable for breeding being occupied before the best foraging areas.

Behaviour 235 Went, A. E. J. & Vickers, K. U. (1956). Salmon movements around Ireland -VI.

From Portballintrae, Co. Antrim (1953 and 1954). Proc. R. Irish Acad. (B) 58, 17-21.

More movements to the west than otherwise, most movements at less than five miles per day.

White, E. (1956). The hydroid Hydranthea margarica (Hincks) in Scottish waters. Scot. Nat. 68, 39-42.

The most northerly and first Scottish record on Flustra at Sanda island, Argyll. Williamson, K. (1956). Birds and Lepidoptera in Anticyclonic airstreams. Ent. Rec.

68, 95-97. Large invasions of Fair Isle by migrant birds as a result of down-wind drift in anticyclonic airstreams from Europe are often accompanied by influxes of migrating Plusia gamma. Evidence of a link between the migration of lepidopterous species and anticyclonic air-

streams, similar to that between the latter and birds, was provided by captures in a mercury- vapour trap in late August 1955 and supported by similar captures on the Island of Canna (Hebrides) and visual observations at Great Saltee (off south-eastern Ireland).

Woodroffe, G. E. (1956). Miscellaneous records of Hemiptera-Heteroptera captured during 1955. Ent. Mon. Mag. 92, 47-48.

Includes information on the habitat and food plants of several uncommon species.

6. STUDIES ON BEHAVIOUR Andrew, R. J. (1956). Territorial behaviour of the yellowhammer Emberiza citrinela

and corn bunting E. calandra. Ibis, 98, 502-505. Yellowhammer territories were based on a hedge, those of corn buntings were centred over

cornfields. In both the formation and maintenance of the bond between the sexes appeared to be the prime function.

Armstrong, E. A. (1956). Territory in the wren Troglodytes troglodytes. Ibis, 98, 430-437.

The males are strongly territorial and polygamous., Territory leads to dispersal and is of use in pair formation. It provides a foraging area in which roosting and nesting sites are known. Basically territorialism is concerned with reproduction.

Ash, J. (1956). Mimetic posturing of red-backed shrikes. Brit. Birds, 49, 178-180. In the New Forest red-backed shrikes were so inconspicuous that they were rarely seen

unless specially searched for. On three occasions in 1955 cocks were found in a mimetic posture which may be significant in relation to the apparent scarcity of the species, and may have high survival value.

Blank, T. H. & Ash, J. S. (1956). The concept of territory in the partridge Perdix p. perdix. Ibis, 98, 379-389.

Territory is of two types, covey territory (late summer to early winter) and pair territory (late winter to early summer). Unmated cocks show no territorial behaviour. Territory distribution is closely associated with food supply.

Church, H. F. (1956). The roosting times of the swift. Bird Study, 3, 217-220. During 1954 and 1955 the time of going to roost of swifts at Berwick on Tweed was closely

correlated with time of sunset. Flying and feeding times are regarded as functions of day- length, this determining later arrival and early departure near the northern limit of the range.

Conder, P. J. (1956). The territory of the wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe. Ibis, 98, 453-459.

Wheatears pair for life and usually occupy the same territories each year. Migrants hold small territories while resting when on passage. Though territories supply sufficient food, their first importance is as breeding areas, places most suitable for breeding being occupied before the best foraging areas.

This content downloaded from 194.29.185.101 on Thu, 1 May 2014 13:49:14 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions