5th Grade MidYear Science Review, Physical Science

Aldine ISD

2009/2010

5.7A Classify matter based on its physical properties including magnetism, physical state, and the ability to conduct or insulate heat, electricity, and sound.

• All our physical world is made of matter.• Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.• Matter can be classified according to its physical

properties:

Magnetism (attracted to a magnet) Physical state (solid, liquid, or gas) Ability to conduct or insulate heat,

electricity or sound Solid

Liquid

Gas

5.7B Demonstrate that some mixtures maintain the physical properties of their ingredients.

• A mixture is a combination of two or more ingredients where no new substance is formed.

• Solids, liquids, and gases can be combined to form mixtures.• When you create a mixture, the ingredients keep all or some

of their physical properties.• A solution is a special kind of mixture where the particles of at

least one ingredient spread out evenly in the other ingredient. In a solution, one ingredient can dissolve in another. The ingredients still maintain their physical properties.

Mixture Solution

5.7B Demonstrate that some mixtures maintain the physical properties of their ingredients.

• The ingredients in a mixture can be separated out by physical methods.

• There are different methods you can use to separate the ingredients in a mixture: By hand: some mixtures, such as trail

mix, can be easily separated by using fingers or tools like toothpicks.

Magnetism: if one of the ingredients is magnetic, you can use a magnet to separate the materials.

Trail Mix

Magnetism

5.7B Demonstrate that some mixtures maintain the physical properties of their ingredients.

• There are different methods you can use to separate the ingredients in a mixture:

Filter: if the ingredients have particles that are different sizes, or one ingredient is a liquid and the other is a solid, you can pour the mixture over a filter or screen. One ingredient will pass through the filter, but not the other.

Boiling/Evaporating: if the mixture has a solid dissolved in water, you can wait for the water to evaporate or boil the water. The water will change to vapor, but the solid will remain behind.

5.7C Identify changes that can take place in the physical properties of solutions such as dissolving sugar in water.

• A solution is a special kind of mixture in which the particles in one ingredient spread out and mix evenly among the particles in the other ingredient.

• For example, when sugar dissolves in water, the sugar breaks down into tiny, tiny particles. The sugar particles are so small that we cannot even see them. Those particles spread out between the water particles. It seems like the sugar disappears, but it doesn’t. We know it’s still there because the water now tastes sweet.

• Sugar can be separated from the water. One way is to put a stick in a sugar-water solution. As the water evaporates, sugar particles stick to the stick. Eventually, the particles will form crystals around the stick.

5.7D Observe and measure characteristic properties of substances that remain constant such as boiling points and melting points.

• All pure substances have their own characteristic boiling, melting and freezing points. These are characteristics of the pure substance that remain constant. Melting point is the temperature at which a

substance changes from a solid to a liquid. Boiling point is the temperature at which a

liquid changes to a gas. Freezing point is the temperature at which a

liquid changes to a solid.

Melting

Freezing

5.7D Observe and measure characteristic properties of substances that remain constant such as boiling points and melting points.

• The table below explains changes in state:

Change of State Name Temperature for Water

Solid Liquid

Liquid Solid

Melting

Freezing0°C

Liquid Gas

Gas Liquid

Boiling

Condensing100°C

5.7A, 5.7B, 5.7C, 5.7D

Answer questions

12-14 on the review sheet.

• Energy is all around us.• You see energy as light; you

feel energy as heat; you use electrical energy; you see and feel the heat and light from solar energy; you hear energy as sound.

• Energy is the ability to do work or cause changes in matter.

5.8A Differentiate among forms of energy including light, heat, electrical, and solar energy.

Light

light

Heatheat

Electrical

electricalSolar energy

heat lightsolar

sound

• What happens when light strikes clear glass? Or waxed paper? Or a book?

5.8B Identify and demonstrate everyday examples of how light is reflected, such as from tinted windows, and refracted, such as in cameras, telescopes, and eyeglasses.

Light is transmitted, or passed through clear, transparent objects.

Light is absorbed by opaque objects. The light is blocked and a dark shadow is cast.

Some light—but not all—passes through translucent objects.

• When light strikes a smooth, shiny surface, it can be reflected, or bounced back.

5.8B Identify and demonstrate everyday examples of how light is reflected, such as from tinted windows, and refracted, such as in cameras, telescopes, and eyeglasses.

reflected

Smooth WaterTinted Window

• When light passes from one medium to another, it can be refracted, or bent.

5.8B Identify and demonstrate everyday examples of how light is reflected, such as from tinted windows, and refracted, such as in cameras, telescopes, and eyeglasses.

refracted

• Electricity is a form of energy made by fast-moving particles.

• Electricity flows through materials called conductors. Most metals are good conductors of electricity.

5.8C Demonstrate that electricity can flow in a circuit and can produce heat, light, sound, and magnetic effects.

• Electricity flows along a path of conductors called a circuit.

• Electricity can only flow if it is a complete circuit—a continuous path for the particles to move through.

5.8C Demonstrate that electricity can flow in a circuit and can produce heat, light, sound, and magnetic effects.

• Electrical circuits can produce:

5.8C Demonstrate that electricity can flow in a circuit and can produce heat, light, sound, and magnetic effects.

Heat Light Sound Magnetic effects

• When objects or materials vibrate, sound is produced.

• A force must be applied to make the object vibrate.

• Sound travels better and faster through a solid than a gas or a liquid

5.8D Verify that vibrating an object can produce sound.

5.8A, 5.8B, 5.8C, 5.8D

Answer questions 15-

18 on the review sheet.

3.6A Measure and record changes in the position and direction of the motion of an object to which a force such as a push or pull has been applied.

What is motion????

Motion is a change Motion is a change in the position of in the position of an object.an object.

3.6A Measure and record changes in the position and direction of the motion of an object to which a force such as a push or pull has been applied.

A moving object can change:• Position• Direction

3.6A Measure and record changes in the position and direction of the motion of an object to which a force such as a push or pull has been applied.

Forces that affect the movement of objects:

• Gravity

• Friction

• A push or a pull

3.6A Measure and record changes in the position and direction of the motion of an object to which a force such as a push or pull has been applied.

Answer questions 19 and 20 on the review sheet!

Answer Key:12. 20 grams of salt

13. A sieve and a magnet

14. A 0°C

15. Material Transmits Absorbs Reflects Refracts

Lake

Glasses

Mirror

Clear window

Tinted window

Green apple

Telescope

Camera

Answer Key:16. C reflected

17. A mirror

18. D Vibrating air

19. D A rough surface

20. C 80 cm