Date post: | 21-Jan-2015 |
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Spiritual |
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G.R.A.P.E.S.
Geography
Location
• Rome was built on seven hills
• Rome is located on the west coast of mainland Italy
• Rome is located by the Tiber River
Expansion
• Rome started off as a small city in Italy
• Rome had a rival called Carthage who they conquered at the end of the 3rd Punic War
• By 180 A.D. Rome was as big as the U.S.
Landscape
• Rome had plenty of land that was perfect for farming
• Some areas in Rome were very dry
• Rome had a very rugged landscape because of the many mountains it has
Weather/Climate
• Rome’s winters were mild while the summers were very dry and hot
• Ash was usually in the air which caused some pollution that irritated people
• The winds are extremely strong near the coast
G.R.A.P.E.S.
Religion
Paul and His Journeys
• Paul created many Christian churches in Rome and Greece
• Paul was arrested many times but didn’t lose faith in his work
• Paul wrote epistles, letters in the Bible, while he was in jail
Spread of Christianity
• The Pax Romana helped Christians travel safely from place to place
• People liked the idea that God thinks everyone is equal
• People thought it was better to have a monotheistic religion rather than a polytheistic
Christianity
• Christians were persecuted but eventually Romans accepted their beliefs
• Paul built Christian churches everywhere in Rome
• Christianity became highly popular in Rome
Jesus
• Jesus is the son of God that came to Earth
• He had many followers that spread his beliefs
• He was crucified by Pontius Pilate
G.R.A.P.E.S.
Achievements
Science
• Ptolemy had theories that the Earth was the center of the universe
• Ptolemy’s theory was thought to be true for over 1200 years
• Hypatia was a mathematician who was murdered by Christians
Concrete
• Concrete was used for many sculptures
• Concrete was used for flooring in wealthy Roman homes
• Romans used concrete for large structures
Medicine/Healthcare
• Galen dissected animals and recorded their anatomies
• Galen discovered that arteries carried blood, not air
• Using medicine and tools, doctors healed many gladiators
Roads
• Key roads always led to Rome
• More than 50,000 miles of road went through the Empire
• Roads helped the military move quicker
G.R.A.P.E.S.
Politics
Republic
• Rome went from a monarchy to an oligarchy
• The Consuls were the head of the Republic, with Senators and Tribunes in the middle, and the Assembly near the bottom
• The Republic was a tripartite government
Empire
• The Romans combined military strength with diplomacy to create the Empire
• Rome offered its conquered people peace, as long as some of them offered to fight for Rome in return
• Rome was a rival of Carthage when it became an Empire
Pax Romana
• The Pax Romana was a period of peace that Augustus had brought to Rome
• During the Pax Romana merchants could trade safely because they didn’t have to worry about enemy vessels
• Julius Caesar risked another Civil war by crossing the Rubicon River
Choosing Leaders
• The Republic chose leaders by voting
• The Empire had the praetorian Guard choose the emperor
• The emperor usually used bribes to become the emperor
G.R.A.P.E.S.
Economy
Trade
• Rome had many sea routes that merchants could travel and trade with other merchants
• Many goods were traded all across Rome
• Most sea routes took 10-30 days to travel because Rome was so large
Inflation
• Rome suffered rising prices after Marcus Aurelius became emperor
• Gold became scarce so less was used in coins which caused merchants to increase prices
• People started to barter for goods because of prices
Unemployment
• Latifundias put small farmers out of business
• Slave labor put farmers in the lower class because of job loss
• Because of unemployment most people had no choice but to live on the streets
Excessive Military Spending
• The military left none of the budget for education
• Rome could not maintain most of its cities
• The government raised taxes because they needed more money for their cities
G.R.A.P.E.S.
Social Structure
Urban Decay
• Wealthy Romans lived in a Domus
• Poor Romans lived in dark, smelly rooms
• Anyone who could not pay rent lived on the streets
Classes
• Patricians made up the upper class
• Plebeians made up the lower class
• The military and emperor made up the very top class
Family Values
• Roman family was centered around men
• The father of a baby chose to keep the baby or let it die if it was sick
• Women raised children and cooked for their families
Family History
• A man’s name reflected what clan he belonged to
• A woman’s name represented if she was older or younger than her siblings
• A woman added her husband’s name to hers when they got married
My Opinion
• The most important thing I learned about Rome is their form of government. Their Republican form of government influenced the U.S. and other countries in the world to have a Republican form of government. I think it is important to have the citizens elect their leaders instead of a leader bribing or assassinating the current leader to become the nation’s ruler. Rome’s Republican form of government has had big impact on today’s countries.