Combustion Institute
55thth UUSS CCoommbbuussttiioonn MMeeeettiinngg 22000077
March 25-28, 2007 San Diego, California, USA
Volume 1 of 6
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Combustion Institute
5th US Combustion Meeting 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Volume 1
Monday: Plenary Session
Combustion in a Carbon Constrained Era........................................................................................ 1Robert F. Sawyer
The Central Role of the Scalar Dissipation Rate in Non-Premixed Combustion.......................... 2Norbert Peters
Tuesday: Plenary Session
The Effect of Thermal Expansion on Gas Dynamics ..................................................................... 27Moshe Matalon
A Career in Combustion Diagnostics: Fruitful insights and Lessons Learned.......................... 35Normand M. Laurendeau
Wednesday: Plenary Session
Fuel Structure Relationship in Combustion Chemistry: Dealing with Complexity .................... 77Lisa D. Pfefferle
"Non-Burning" Issues of Combustion Fundamentals................................................................... 92Donald Lucas
Session A1 – Laminar
Direct Numerical Simulation of Transient Ignition of Diluted Hydrogen versus Heated Air in Axisymmetric Counterblow ...................................................................................... 93
Chun Sang Yoo, Jacqueline H. Chen, Jonathan H. Frank
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Strained Laminar Flame Speeds for H2/O2/N2 Mixtures at Elevated Temperature.................................................................................. 110
J. Natarajan, T. Lieuwen, J. M. Seitzman
Laser-induced Fluorescence Measurements of NCN in Low Pressure CH4/O2/N2 Flames and its Role in Prompt NO Formation.............................................................................. 124
J. A. Sutton, B. A. Williams, J. W. Fleming
Comprehensive Study of Extinction, Re-ignition, and the Evolution of an Annular Edge Flame in a Counterflow Flame Perturbed by Vortices....................................................... 143
Giuliano Amantini, Jonathan H. Frank, Beth Anne V. Bennett, Mitchell D. Smooke, Alessandro Gomez
Effect of NO on Extinction and Re-ignition of Vortex-perturbed Hydrogen Flames ................ 168Uen Do Lee, Sebastian A. Kaiser, Chun Sang Yoo, Jacqueline H. Chen, Jonathan H. Frank
Radiative Extinction of Gaseous Spherical Diffusion Flames in Microgravity ......................... 185K. J. Santa, B. H. Chao, P. B. Sunderland, D. L. Urban, D. P. Stocker, R. L. Axelbaum
A Numerical Study of Microgravity Spherical Diffusion Flame Structure with Various Radiation Approximations ............................................................................................... 198
S. Tang, M. Chernovsky, H. G. Im, A. Atreya
Kinetic and Radiative Extinctions of Spherical Diffusion Flames.............................................. 208Q. Wang, B. H. Chao
Session A2 – Laminar
Fuel Consumption and Initial Steps of Aromatic Ring Formation in a Laminar Premixed Fuel-rich Cyclopentene Flame...................................................................................... 220
N. Hansen, T. Kasper, S. J. Klippenstein, P. R. Westmoreland, M. E. Law, C. A. Taatjes, K. Kohse-Hoinghaus, J. Wang, T. A. Cool
Formation of Aromatics in Rich Methane Flames Doped by Unsaturated Compounds...................................................................................................................................... 229
Hadj Ali Gueniche, Pierre-Alexandre Glaude, Rene Fournet, Frederique Battin-Leclerc
Extinction of Benzene/Air and Toluene/Air Premixed Flames: Experiments and Simulations ...................................................................................................................................... 238
Y. L. Wang, A. T. Holley, A. Sifounakis, M. G. Andac, F. N. Egolfopoulos
The Chemical Structure of Pyridine-Doped Methane/Air, Non-Premixed Flames: Tracking the Fate of Fuel Nitrogen ................................................................................................ 247
M. A. Puccio, J. H. Miller
A Numerical Study of Ammonia/Air Counter-Flow Diffusion Flames ........................................ 254Kemdy Lawson, Yuan Zheng, Jay Gore
Session A3 – Laminar
Flame Structure Study and Laminar Burning Speed Calculation of JP8/Oxidizer and JP10/Oxidizer Mixtures............................................................................................................ 263
Kian Eisazadeh Far, Farzan Parsinejad, Hameed Metghalchi, James C. Keck
Measurements of Hydrogen Syngas Flame Speeds at Elevated Pressures ............................. 274M. P. Burke, X. Qin, Y. Ju, F. L. Dryer
Autoignition and Extinction of Methyl-Esters in Non-Premixed Flows ..................................... 288Ulrich Niemann, Justin Gerritzen, Reinhard Seiser, Stefan Humer, Kalyanasundaram Seshadri
Studies of Combustion Characteristics of Biofuels in Premixed and Non-Premixed Flames ............................................................................................................................. 298
Y. L. Wang, A. T. Holley, M. G. Andac, F. N. Egolfopoulos, T. T. Tosstis
Extinction and Re-ignition in Non-Premixed Flame-Vortex Interactions under Diesel Conditions ............................................................................................................................ 310
Rishikesh Venugopal, Vinicio Magi, John Abraham
Session A4 – Laminar
A Facility for High-Pressure Laminar Flame Speed Measurements .......................................... 331J. De Vries, B. A. Corbin, E. L. Petersen
An Experimental Investigation on Ethylene/Oxygen/Diluent Mixtures: Laminar Flame Speeds with Preheat and Ignition Delays at High Pressures.......................................... 339
K. Kumar, G. Mittal, C. J. Sung, C. K. Law
Validation of a Detailed Chemical Kinetic Model for the High Pressure Combustion of Methane-Flame and Ignition Characteristics ..................................................... 348
R. Sivaramakrishnan, S. Som, K. Brezinsky, S. K. Aggawal
The Effect of Flow Compression on the Determination of Flame Speeds Using Propagating Spherical Flames at Normal and High Pressures .................................................. 356
Z. Chen, Y. Ju
Species Identification in Laminar Flames Investigated by Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry ................................................................................................................................... 362
T. Kasper, K. Kohse-Hoinghaus, N. Hansen, C. A. Taatjes, M. E. Law, A. Morel, P. R. Westmoreland, J. Wang, T. A. Cool
Effects of Spark Energy Losses to Electrodes and Radiation on Flame Kernel Development .................................................................................................................................... 380
Farzan Parsinejad, Kian Eisazadeh Far, Edwim Shirk, Hameed Metghalchi, James C. Keck
Session A5 – Laminar
Flame Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes Over Reduced Metal-Oxides ....................................... 386Fusheng Xu, Geliang Sun, Stephen D. Tse
Characterization of Diffusion Flames for Synthesis of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes ........................................................................................................................................ 395
C. J. Unrau, R. L. Axelbaum, P. Biswas, P. Fraundorf
Nanocarbon Synthesis in an Atmospheric-Pressure Microwave-Plasma Reactor .................. 409Albert Dato, Velimir Radmilovic, Zonghoon Lee, Jonathan Phillips, Michael Frenklach
Combustion Synthesis and Characterization of Rare-Earth Doped Ceria Upconversion Nanophosphors...................................................................................................... 414
Xiao Qin, Takeshi Yokomori, Yiguang Ju
Experimental and Computational Studies of Flame Synthesis of Nanoparticles: Effects of Pressure and Precursor Loading ................................................................................. 422
Hong Zhao, Megan Smith, Stephen D. Tse
Session A6 – Laminar
Extinction of Premixed Methanol and Ethanol Flames in Counterflow ..................................... 440J. Gerritzen, J. Aerts, S. Humer, K. Seshadri
Flame Ignition of Mixtures of Dry and Wet Synthesis Gas with Oxygen and Nitrogen............................................................................................................................................ 453
C. Ji, G. F. Schwab, P. Veloo, A. T. Holley, F. N. Egolfopoulos
Propagating Edge Flame Response to Multiple Stoichiometric Gradients............................... 467S. Kostka, M. W. Renfro
Propagation and Extinction of Premixed Edge-Flame in a Counterflow Slot Burner .............. 475David Clayton, Min Suk Cha, Paul Ronney
Rotating Spiral Waves and Target Patterns in burner-Stabilized Premixed Gas Flames .............................................................................................................................................. 485
Y. Ma, H. Pearlman
An Asymptotic Analysis of Spontaneous Ignition of Hydrogen Jets ........................................ 491Kian Boon Lim, Beei-Huan Chao, Peter B. Sunderland, Richard L. Axelbaum
Boundary Layer Modeling of Reactive Flow over a Porous Surface with Angled Injection............................................................................................................................................ 502
Shiling Liu, Catalin Fotache, Beei-Huan Chao, Donald Hautman, Stuart Ochs
Effect of Electric Fields on Reattachment of Lifted Flame at Low AC Frequency ................... 514S. K. Ryu, Y. K. Kim, S. H. Chung
Session B1 – Turbulent
Direct Numerical Simulation of Soot Formation and Transport in Non-Premixed Turbulent Ethylene Flames ............................................................................................................ 520
David Lignell, Jacqueline Chen, Philip Smith, Tianfeng Lu, Chung K. Law
Scalar Filtered Mass Density Functions in Non-Premixed Turbulent Jet Flames .................... 555Tomasz G. Drozda, Guanghua Wang, Vaidyanathan Sankaran, Jose Oefelein, Robert S. Barlow
Prediction of Pollutant Emissions from Industrial Furnaces Using Large Eddy Simulation ........................................................................................................................................ 571
Liangyu Wang, Heinz Pitsch
Direct Numerical Simulation of Turbulence-Radiation Interactions in a Quasi-Stationary Premixed Flame ............................................................................................................ 578
Kshitij Deshmukh, Daniel C. Haworth, Michael F. Modest
Extinction and Reignition in Direct Numerical Simulations of CO/H2 Temporal Plane Jet Flames ............................................................................................................................. 588
Evatt R. Hawkes, Ramanan Sankaran, Jacqueline H. Chen
Composition PDF/Photon Monte Carlo Modeling of Turbulence-Radiative Interactions in Nonluminous Jet Flames ...................................................................................... 597
Anquan Wang, Daniel C. Haworth, Michael F. Modest
Radiating Structures in Nonluminous Unsteady and Laminar and Turbulent Jet Flames .............................................................................................................................................. 608
David Blunck, Yuan Zheng, Jay Gore
Large-eddy Simulation of a Non-Premixed Turbulent Reacting Flow with Turbulence/Radiation Interactions ................................................................................................ 616
Ankur Gupta, Daniel C. Haworth, Michael F. Modest
Session B2 – Turbulent
Direct Numerical Simulation of Stationary Lean Premixed Methane-Air Flames under Intense Turbulence .............................................................................................................. 625
Evatt R. Hawkes, Ramanan Sankaran, Jacqueline H. Chen, Chunsang Yoo, Tianfeng Lu, Chung K. Law
Blow-off Characteristics of Bluff Body Stabilized Conical Premixed Flames with Spatial Mixture Gradients and Upstream Velocity Modulations................................................. 638
S. Chaudhuri, B. Cetegen
Volume 2
Observations on Lifted Flame Oscillations and Flame Stability Near Blowout........................ 653N. J. Moore, K. M. Lyons
Experiments on Strained Premixed Flames at High Karlovitz Number ..................................... 662Bruno Coriton, Alessandro Gomez
A Cinema Stereoscopic PIV System for the Measurement of Micro- and Meso-Scale Turbulent Premixed Flame Dynamics................................................................................. 672
A. M. Steinberg, J. F. Driscoll, D. J. Micka, S. L. Ceccio, C. D. Carter
High Frequency Acoustic Wave Scattering from Turbulent Premixed Flames ........................ 683Venkateswarlu Narra, Tim Lieuwen
Session B3 – Turbulent
Flame Synthesis of Molybdenum Oxide Hollow Micro-Channels .............................................. 693W. Merchan-Merchan, A. V. Saveliev, Aaron M. Taylor, L. A. Kennedy
Biomass Fly Ash in Concrete: Strength and Kinetics ................................................................. 699Shunagzhen Wang, Larry Baxter
Modeling of Liquid Ceramic Precursor Droplets Heated by CO2 Laser Irradiation .................. 716Saptarshi Basu, Baki Cetegen
Investigation of Vascular Inflammation Induced by Ceria Particles Synthesized by Hydrogen Fueled Spray Flame ...................................................................................................... 731
Jun Tae Lee, Andrea Gojova, Heejung Jung, Abdul I. Barakat, Ian M. Kennedy
Thermochemical Data for Combustion Species from AB INITIO (G3B3) Calculations ..................................................................................................................................... 739
D. R. Burgess Jr., J. A. Manion
Session B4 – Turbulent
A Study of Dilution and Mixing of Unconfined Multiple Turbulent Jets for Industrial Furnaces ......................................................................................................................... 755
S. Jun Shin, H. S. Lee, A. Atreya
Two-Point OH Time-Series Statistics in Turbulent Partially Premixed Jet Flames .................. 775J. Zhang, G. B. King, N. M. Laurendeau, M. W. Renfrow
Global NOx Measurements in Turbulent Nitrogen-diluted Hydrogen Jet Flames..................... 789N. Weiland, P. Strakey
Mixing Models and Turbulence-radiation Interactions in Non-Premixed Jet Flames via the LES/FMDF Approach .......................................................................................................... 799
A. J. Chandy, D. J. Glaze, S. H. Frankel
Hydroxyl Time and Length Scale Measurements in Turbulent Opposed-Jet Partially Premixed CH4/Air Flames ............................................................................................... 823
K. K. Venkatesan, J. Zhang, M. M. Gluesenkamp, G. B. King, N. M. Laurendeau, M. W. Renfrow
Dissipative and Reactive Scales in the Near Field of Non-Premixed Turbulent Jet Flames .............................................................................................................................................. 834
S. A. Kaiser, J. H. Frank
Session B5 – Turbulent
Experimental Investigation of Turbulent Pool Fires Using Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry ...................................................................................................................................... 847
K. Biswas, S. A. Filatyev, J. P. Gore
Dynamics of Strongly-Pulsed Turbulent Diffusion Flame Structures under Buoyant and Non-Buoyant Conditions ......................................................................................... 856
M. Fregeau, J. C. Hermanson, D. P. Stocker, U. Hegde
Investigations of Spectral Radiation Emission in a One-Dimensional Turbulence Simulation of a Pool Fire ................................................................................................................ 870
A. J. Ricks, J. P. Gore, A. R. Kerstein, J. C. Hewson, S. R. Tieszen
Effect of Vortex Interactions on the Laminar Flame Speed of Methane and Propane Flame Kernels .................................................................................................................. 880
S. J. Danby, S. K. Marley, W. L. Roberts
A Dynamic Model for the Turbulent Burning Velocity for Premixed Combustion LES.................................................................................................................................................... 894
E. Knudsen, H. Pitsch
Session B6 – Turbulent
Lagrangian Investigation of Local Extinction, Re-Ignition, and Auto-Ignition in Turbulent Flames ............................................................................................................................ 907
Haifeng Wang, Stephen B. Pope
Effects of the Subgrid-Scale Mixture Fraction Structure on Scalar and Temperature dissipation in Turbulent Partially Premixed Flames............................................. 934
D. Wang, C. Tong, R. S. Barlow
Direct Numerical Simulation of Turbulent, Non-Premixed, Non-Adiabatic, Boundary Layer Combustion ......................................................................................................... 949
P. Narayanan, A. Trouve
Comparison of Differential-Diffusion Effects in Flamelet Models for Combustion with Normal and Oxygen-enriched Air .......................................................................................... 956
N. Ninomiya, W. J. A. Dahm
A Lagrangian Particle Advection Scheme for Hybrid LES/FDF Methods Based on a Mean Velocity Reconstruction with Desirable Divergence Properties ................................... 976
R. McDermott, S. B. Pope
Strongly-forced Non-Premixed Jet Flames in Cross-Flow ....................................................... 1017M. Gamba, K. Marr, N. T. Clemens, O. A. Ezekoye
Asymmetric Interaction Between H2-O2 Flames and Periodic Pressure Waves ..................... 1032A. Ghosh, K. H. Yu
Prediction of Combustion-generated Noise in Non-Premixed Turbulent Flames Using Large-eddy Simulation....................................................................................................... 1042
M. Ihme, H. Pitsch, M. Kaltenbacher
Session C1 – Kinetic
Association Kinetics of C3H3 + C3H3 Reaction ........................................................................... 1050Yuri Georgiievski, Stephen J. Klippenstein, James A. Miller
The Decomposition and Isomerization of Cyclohexyl and 1-Hexenyl Radicals ..................... 1061Iftikhar A. Awan, W. Sean McGivern, Jeffrey A. Manion, Wing Tsang
Substitution Effects in the Isomerization and Decomposition of Branched Alkyl Radicals at High Temperature ..................................................................................................... 1071
W. Sean McGivern, Jeffrey A. Manion, Iftikhar A. Awan, Wing Tsang
Alkyl Radical Stability from the Decomposition and Isomerization of Primary Iodides: 5-Methyl-hexyl Radical from 5-Methyl-hexyl Iodide .................................................... 1079
Iftikhar A. Awan, Wing Tsang, W. Sean McGivern Jeffrey A. Manion
Thermal Decomposition of Vinyl Fluoride: A Combined Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry/Laser Schlieren Densitometry Shock Tube Study............................................. 1089
Binod R. Giri, Robert S. Tranter, Hui Xu, John H. Kiefer
Theoretical Kinetic Study of the Decomposition of Cyclic Alkyl Radicals ............................. 1097Baptiste Sirjean, Pierre Alexandre Glaude, Manuel Ruiz-Lopez, Rene Fournet
Secondary Vinylic Radicals in 1,3 Butadiene Systems and Their Reactions with O2: A Theoretical Study of Thermochemical Properties, Reaction Paths and Kinetics........................................................................................................................................... 1110
Leonhard Rutz, Gabriel Da Silva, Joseph W. Bozzelli, Hinning Bockhorn
Kinetics of Ring Closure Reactions and Its Role in Polymerization of Aromatics................. 1122Hongzhi R. Zhang, My-Phuong Pham, Lam K. Huynh, Thanh N. Truong, Eric G. Eddings, Adel F. Sarofim
Session C2 – Kinetics
An Adaptive Approach for Coupling Detailed Chemical Kinetics and Multidimensional CFD................................................................................................................... 1128
L. Liang, J. G. Stevens, J. T. Farrell, P. T. Huynh, Y. Androulakis, M. Ierapetritou
A New Method in Modeling and Simulations of Complex Oxidation Chemistry .................... 1143K. G. Harstad, J. Bellan
Submission of Reaction Rates to PrIMe ..................................................................................... 1157Z. M. Djurisic, M. Langston, M. Frnklach
Autoignition of H2-Air Mixtures at Dynamic Conditions Using an RCEM: Investigating Transitions from Rapid Ignition to Slow Oxidation ............................................ 1167
S. Scott Goldsborough
Development of a Model Compound-Based Kinetic Reaction Mechanism for Lignin Thermochemical Conversion ........................................................................................... 1179
M. Jarvis, N. Nimlos, David Dayton, John Daily
Computational and Experimental Investigation of the Interaction of Soot and NOx in Coflow Diffusion Flames .......................................................................................................... 1192
M. D. Smooke, B. C. Connelly, M. B. Long, R. J. Hall, M. B. Colket
Session C3 – Kinetics
Reduced Description of Complex Dynamics in Reactive Systems ......................................... 1203Zhuyin Ren, Stephen B. Pope
The Application of the Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium Technique to Reduced Chemical Mechanisms for Iso-Octane ........................................................................ 1227
Donald Goldthwaite, Mohammad Janbozorgi, Hameed Metghalchi, James C. Keck
An Efficient Reduced Mechanism for Methane Oxidation with NOx Chemistry ..................... 1237Tianfeng Lu, Chung K. Law
Development and Assessment of a Highly Reduced Mechanism for Iso-Octane HCCI Combustion.......................................................................................................................... 1252
Y. F. Tham, F. Bisetti, J. Y. Chen
Spectral Expansion Analysis of Kinetic Model Uncertainty Beyond Parameter Optimization................................................................................................................................... 1265
David A. Sheen, Hai Wang
Session C4 – Kinetics
Detailed Chemical Kinetic Modeling of Cyclohexane Oxidation .............................................. 1276E. J. Sike, W. J. Pitz, C. K. Westbrook, M. Ribaucour
Volume 3
Strategies for Mechanism Reduction for Large Hydrocarbons: n-heptane ............................ 1309Tianfeng Lu, Chung K. Law
Catalytic Ignition Temperatures of Propane-Oxygen Mixtures ................................................ 1329B. Lounsbury, K. Leichliter, D. Plumlee, J. Steciak, S. Beyerlein
Experiments and Modeling of the High Pressure Water Gas Shift Reaction .......................... 1341Brad Culbertson, Raghu Sivaramakrishnan, Kenneth Brezinsky
Ignition Delay Time Measurements of Synthesis Gas Mixtures at Engine Pressures ....................................................................................................................................... 1347
S. C. Reehal, D. M. Kalitan, T. Hair, A. Barrett, E. L. Petersen
Measurements of Ignition Delay Time for a Syngas/Air Mixture Containing Water Vapor .............................................................................................................................................. 1354
A. B. Barrett, S. C. Reehal, E. L. Petersen
Session C5 – Kinetics
Chemical Kinetics of Ethanol Oxidation ..................................................................................... 1361J. Li, A. Kazakov, M. Chaos, F. L. Dryer
Thermochemistry and Kinetics of the Alpha- and Beta- Hydroxyethyl Radicals + O2 Reaction in Ethanol Combustion............................................................................................ 1378
Gabriel Da Silva, Joseph W. Bosselli, L. Liang, John T. Farrell
Kinetics for the Reaction of C6H with CH3OH and C2H5OH: Comparison of Theory and Experiment ............................................................................................................................. 1393
J. Park, Z. F. Xu, K. Xu, M. C. Lin
Kinetics of Reactions Important in CH3OH Decomposition...................................................... 1406Ahren W. Jasper, Stephen J. Klippenstein, Lawrence B. Harding, Branko Ruscic
Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium Calculations of Methanol-Oxygen Kinetics Using Reduced Chemistry ............................................................................................ 1436
Mohammad Janbozorgi, Donald Goldthwaite, Hameed Metghalchi, James C. Keck
Session C6 – Kinetics
Efficient Slow Manifold Identification for Tabulation Based Adaptive Chemistry ................. 1447J. M. Ortega, H. M. Najm, M. Valorani, D. A. Goussis, M. Frenklach
Cool Flames at Microgravity: A Skeletal Kinetic Mechanism for Propane Oxidation ............ 1459A. Gupta, M. Foster, H. Pearlman, D. L. Miller, N. P. Cernansky
Effect of Pressure on Ethane Oxidation Under Flameless Conditions ................................... 1472Kevin M. Walters, Craig T. Bowman
High Temperature Rate Constants for OH with Ethylene and Acetylene ................................ 1482N. K. Srinivasan, M. C. Su, J. V. Michael
Effects of Chain Length on the Rates of C-C Bond Dissociation in Linear Alkanes and Polyethylene ........................................................................................................................... 1490
Vadim D. Dnyazev
Reaction Kinetics of CO + HO2 --> Products: Ab Initio Transition State Theory Study with Master Equation Modeling ........................................................................................ 1501
X. You, H. Wang, E. Goos, C. J. Sung, S. J. Klippenstein
Reaction Paths, Kinetics, and Thermochemical Properties on the Thioformyl Radical (S=C●H) with O2 Reactions............................................................................................. 1523
Li Zhu, Joseph Bozzelli
High Pressure Experiments and Detailed Modeling of the Mutual Sensitization of the Oxidation of NO and CH4-C2H6 Blends ................................................................................. 1532
Raghu Sivaramakrishnan, Guillaume Dayma, Philippe Dagaut, Kenneth Brezinsky
Session D1 – Fundamentals
Theoretical Issues in Droplet Array Vaporization and Burning................................................ 1538William A. Sirignano
Edge-Flames and Other Structural Complexities Supported by Spinning Burner................. 1554K. N. Hossain, T. L. Jackson, J. D. Buckmaster
Thermal-Diffusive Instabilities in a Low-Strain Planar Diffusion Flame .................................. 1564E. Robert, P. A. Monkewitz
Role of Buoyancy on Instabilities in Transitional Gas Jet Diffusion Flames.......................... 1570P. S. Kohle, A. K. Agrawal
Autoignition of n-decane Under High Pressure Conditions ..................................................... 1583K. Kumar, G. Mittal, C. J. Sung
Entropy Analysis of a Reacting Multicomponent Reactive Flows ........................................... 1592Wen-An Yong, Pei-Yuan Zhou, Hai-Wen Ge
Flame Hysteresis Effects in Methane Jet Flames in Air-Coflow............................................... 1599N. J. Moore, K. M. Lyons, S. D. Terry
Transient Plasma Discharge Ignition for Internal Combustion Engines ................................. 1605S. Memarzadeh, A. Mehrotra, J. Colgrove, O. Al-Mesned, N. Theiss, P. D. Ronney, M. A. Gundersen
Session D2 – Fundamentals
Diagnostics for the Combustion Science Workbench .............................................................. 1614J. F. Grcar, M. S. Day, J. B. Bell
Direct Numerical simulation of Spark-Ignited Hydrogen/Air Stratified Mixtures.................... 1622R. Owston, V. Magi, J. Abraham
Measurements of Homogeneous Mercury Oxidation by Various Gas Components for Simulated Exhaust in a Flow Reactor ................................................................................... 1641
Hyukjin Oh, Kalyan Annamalai, Jerald A. Caton
Effects of Replacing N2 with CO2 Gas in Coal Combustion at Various O2 Partial Pressures ....................................................................................................................................... 1652
Paula Bejarano, Yiannis Levendis
An Analytical Model for Opposed-Flow Flame Spread Rates Over Polymers and Polymer/Glass Composites.......................................................................................................... 1661
S. McAllister, D. Rich, C. Lautenberger, C. Fernandez-Pello, Z. G. Yuan
The Combustion of Aluminized Propellants and Related Topics ............................................ 1672John Buckmaster, T. L. Jackson, F. Najjar
Session D3 – Fundamentals
Low Temperature Oxidation of Selected Jet Fuel and Diesel Fuel Components at Elevated Pressure ......................................................................................................................... 1678
R. Natelson, R. Johnson, M. Kurman, N. Cernansky, D. Miller
Intermediate Species Analysis of Fischer-Tropsch JP-8 Surrogate Components in the Low and Intermediate Temperature Reaction Regime........................................................ 1688
M. S. Kurman, R. H. Natelson, N. P. Cernansky, D. L. Miller
Methylcyclohexane Oxidation: Shock Tube Experiments and Modeling over a Wide Range of Pressures and Temperatures............................................................................. 1700
S. S. Vasu, N. N. Parikh, D. F. Davidson, R. K. Hanson
Nano-aluminum Aerosol Characterization with Application to Heterogeneous Shock-Tube Combustion.............................................................................................................. 1712
Danielle M. Kalitan, Eric Petersen
Improvements to a Cylindrical Wick Lamp, Torch, and Smoke-Eater ..................................... 1721Susumu Matsuyama
Session D4 – Catalytic
Room-temperature Catalysis Using Sub-micron Size Platinum Particles .............................. 1741C. Ricciuti, B. Fellon, J. Maguire, H. Pearlman, T. A. Miller
Experimental Investigation of Gaseous Reactive Flows around Catalytically Coated Micro-wires ....................................................................................................................... 1747
Kowtilya Bijjula, Dimitrios C. Kyritsis, Subir Roychoudhury
Importance of Thermal Processes in Catalytic Partial Oxidation of n-butane........................ 1753S. A. Seyed-Reihani, G. S. Jackson, M. R. Zachariah
A Discrete Dynamical System Low-Dimensional Model of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous H2-O2 Reactions in a Turbulent Flow Field ...................................................... 1762
R. Saffell, J. M. McDonough
The Effect of Oxygen Storage Capacity on the Dynamic Characteristics of an Automotive Catalytic Converter .................................................................................................. 1774
Tariq Shamim
Combustion of Methane over Palladium Based Catalysts: A Study of Catalytic Deactivation and the Use of Electrochemical Oxygen Pumping.............................................. 1787
William R. Schwartz, Katarina Persson, Lisa D. Pfefferle
Session D5 – Diagnostics
Determination of Soot Refractive Index as a Function of Height in an Inverse Diffusion Flame ............................................................................................................................. 1795
Tara Henriksen, Terry Ring, Derrick Call, Eric Eddings, Adel Sarofim
Theoretical Model of Optical Levitation of Absorbing Particles for Combustion Analysis.......................................................................................................................................... 1804
Skig Lewis, Jeff Ashton, Larry Baxter
Performance of Mobility Analyzer for Size Classification of Polydisperse Soot Aggregates form Laboratory Flames .......................................................................................... 1815
Yingwu Teng, Umit O. Koylu
A Method of Measuring the Emittance of Ash Deposits in a Coal Fired Reactor................... 1821T. J. Moore, M. R. Jones
A Chemkin Study of a Fast Sampling Valve Designed to Sample Soot Precursors Inside a Forming Diesel Spray Plume ......................................................................................... 1828
Cosmin Dumitrescu, Paulius V. Puzinauskas, Ajay K. Agrawal, Hao Liu, Daniel T. Daly
Session D6 – Soot
Graphene Layer Growth Chemistry: Five-six-ring Flip Reaction ............................................. 1840R. Whitesides, D. Domin, W. A. Lester Jr., M. Frenklach
Laminar Smoke Points of Candle Flames................................................................................... 1847K. M. Allan, J. R. Kaminski, J. C. Bertrand, J. Head, P. B. Sunderland
Characterization of Young Soot from an Inverse Diffusion Flame .......................................... 1854J. S. Lightly, E. G. Eddings, N. B. Orton, A. F. Sarofim, N. Yang
An Experimental and Theoretical Approach to Soot Particle Inception in Laminar Diffusion Flames ........................................................................................................................... 1861
S. A. Skeen, B. M. Kumfer, R. L. Axelbaum
Thermal Decomposition of Tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decane. Experiments and Kinetic Modeling......................................................................................................................................... 1879
O. Herbinet, B. Sirjean, R. Bounaceur, F. Battin-Leclerc, R. Fournet, P. M. Marquaire
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Centerbody Flames........................................ 1887M. Roquemore, V. Katta, V. Belovich, R. Pawlik, A. Lynch, J. Miller, S. Stouffer, G. Justinger, J. Zelina, S. Roy, J. Gord
Predictions on Sooting Behavior of Recirculation-zone-supported Flames .......................... 1901V. R. Katta, W. M. Roquemore
Study of Soot Deposition and its Effect on Heat Transfer from a Pool Fire to an Engulfed Container ....................................................................................................................... 1911
I. Preciado, E. G. Eddings, A. F. Sarofim
Session E1 – Engine
Experimental Study of Ignition Delay for Application to Hydrogen and Syn-Gas Fired Lean Premixed Gas Turbine Engines................................................................................ 1919
David J. Beerer, Vincent G. McDonell
Fuel/Air Mixing in a Model Turbine Burner Section................................................................... 1939N. Sarzi-Amade, D. Dunn-Rankin, W. A. Sirignano
Volume 4
Experimental Analysis of Flashback in Lean Premixed Swirling Flames: Conditions Close to Flashback.................................................................................................... 1950
A. Nauert, P. Petersson, M. Linne, A. Dreizler
An Augmented Skeletal Mechanism for PRFs and Oxygenated Additives ............................. 1967A. Gupta, D. L. Miller, N. P. Cernansky
Structures in a Non-reacting and Reacting Model Gas Turbine Combustor .......................... 1980S. K. Dhanuka, J. F. Driscoll, H. C. Mongia
Effects of Propane/Natural Gas Blended Fuels on Gas Turbine Pollutant Emissions....................................................................................................................................... 1993
D. Straub, D. Ferguson, K. Castleton, G. Richards
Study of Combustion-driven Acoustic Instabilities in Premixed Gas-Turbines Using an Acoustic Energy Framework ....................................................................................... 2006
Z. M. Dibrahim, F. A. Williams, S. G. Buckley
Tunable Diode Laser Measurements of Equivalence-ratio Fluctuations for Premixed Gas Turbine Applications ........................................................................................... 2016
M. Gharavi, Z. M. Ibrahim, M. Borchers, F. A. Williams, S. G. Buckley, L. A. Rellano
Session E2 – Engine
Combustion of Jet Fuels and its Surrogates in Laminar Nonuniform Flows ......................... 2026Stefan Humer, Kalyanasundaram Seshadri, Elisseo Ranzi
Impact of Fuel Interchangeability on Dynamic Instabilities in Gas Turbine Engines ............ 2048D. Ferguson, D. Straub, G. Richards, E. Robey
Two-Stage Ignition and Unburned Fuel Emissions for Heavy-duty Diesel Low-temperature Combustion of Neat n-heptane .............................................................................. 2059
Mark P. B. Musculus, Thierry Lachaux
Ignition of Methane/ethane/propane Mixtures at Engine Pressures........................................ 2065Victor Antonovski, Christopher Zinner, Alexander Barrett, Danielle Kalitan, Eric Petersen, Darren Healy, Henry Curran, John Simmy
On the Sensitivity of NOx to Exhaust Gas Recirculation in a Premixed Compression Ignition Engine ...................................................................................................... 2074
T. J. Jacobs, D. N. Assanis
Session E3 – Engine
Spectroscopic Analysis of the Phases of HCCI Autoignition and Combustion for Single- and Two-stage Ignition Fuels.......................................................................................... 2085
Wontae Hwang, John Dec, Magnus Sjoberg
Probability Density Function Modeling of Ignition in a Temperature Stratified Mixture for Applications to HCCI Engines .................................................................................. 2115
Fabrizio Bisetti, J. Y. Chen, Evatt R. Hawkes, Jacqueline H. Chen
The Effect of Diluent Gases in the Shock Tube and Rapid Compression Machine ............... 2125E. J. Sike, J. Wurmel, M. S. O'Conaire, J. M. Simmie, H. J. Curran
Hybrid SI-HCCI Combustion Modes and the Potential for Control .......................................... 2146K. Dean Edwards, Robert M. Wagner, C. Stuart Daw, Johney B. Green Jr.
A Model of Gasoline HCCI Engine Combustion for Control ..................................................... 2155Nick J. Killingsworth, Salvador M. Aceves, Daniel L. Flowers, Mrdjan Jankovic, Miroslav Krstic
Session E4 – Engine
A Two Conserved Scalar Modeling for HCCI Applications....................................................... 2164Vasileios Hamosfakidis, Arkadiusz Kobeira, Hong Im, Dennis Assanis
Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition of Binary Blends Relevant to Gasoline Surrogates ..................................................................................................................... 2175
G. Mittal, C. J. Sung
A Rapid Compression Expansion Machine for Chemical Kinetic (HCCI) Studies.................. 2182S. S. Goldsborough
Modeling of a Highly Restricted and Turbocharged Engine Using 1D CFD Methods.......................................................................................................................................... 2194
Chuck Dean
Experimental and Computational Investigations of Small Internal Combustion Engine Performance ..................................................................................................................... 2205
Shyam Menon, Christopher Cadou
The Effect of Compression Ratio on Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions Using DTBP/n-heptane Blends .................................................................................................... 2225
R. Johnson, N. P. Cernansky, D. L. Miller
Session E5 – Engine
A PRF+ Toluene Surrogate Fuel Model for Simulating Gasoline Kinetics .............................. 2235M. Chaos, Z. Zhao, A. Kazakov, P. Gokulakrishnan, M. Angioletti, F. L. Dryer
Modeling Cyclic Variability During the Transition Between Spark-ignited Combustion and HCCI .................................................................................................................. 2254
C. Stuart Daw, K. Dean Edwards, Robert M. Wagner, Johney B. Green Jr.
Application of Model Fuels to Diesel Engine Simulation .......................................................... 2262E. Meeks, J. M. Deur, D. Hodgson, S. F. Miller, M. V. Petrova, K. V. Puduppakkam, C. Wang, C. K. Westbrook, A. M. Dean, M. Koshi, U. Maas
Comparison of Emissions Analyzers for Exhaust Sampling from IC Engines....................... 2271D. Cordon, S. Beyerlein, J. Steciak
Measurement of Particulate Matter within School Bus Passenger Compartments under Realistic Operating Conditions......................................................................................... 2279
David Martinez, Anthony Marchese, Robert Hesketh
Session E6 – Engine
Chamber Pressure Perturbation Coupling with a Swirl-Stabilized Lean Premixed Flame at Elevated Pressures ....................................................................................................... 2287
Y. Huang, A. Ratner, B. Bathel, Y. Han
Flow Structure and Flame Stability in an Opposite Flow Micro Can Combustor with a Baffle Plate.......................................................................................................................... 2296
Yuji Yahagi, Masaki Sekiguti, Kenjiro Suzuki
PIV Measurements in H2/CH4 Swirling Flames under Near Blowoff Conditions..................... 2304Qingguo Zhang, David R. Noble, Santosh J. Shanbhogue, Tim Lieuwen
Effective use of ISAT-Based Storage/Retrieval Chemistry Acceleration in turbulent Combustion CFD .......................................................................................................... 2318
Yuhui Wu, Daniel C. Haworth
CFD Modeling of NOx Reduction of Monolith Catalytic Reactors ............................................ 2326Y. Miao, L. C. Chen
Development of a Partially-premixed Coherent Flame Model (PCFM) for Turbulent Combustion.................................................................................................................................... 2336
Yongzhe Zhang, Rajesh Rawat
PDF Methods in Real Engine Geometries................................................................................... 2354E. H. Kung, D. C. Haworth
NOx from Gaseous and Prevaporized Fuels Burned Lean-Premixed at Atmospheric Pressure in Single-Jet-Stirred Reactors .............................................................. 2361
Philip Malte, Ryan Edmonds, Andrew Campbell Lee, Igor Novosselov, Brian Polagye, Keith Boyd Fackler
Session F1 – Soot
Experimental and Modeling Study of the Pyrolysis of Diacetylene at High Temperatures and Pressures....................................................................................................... 2383
Ashwin Raman, Raghu Sivaramakrishnan, Kenneth Brezinsky
Improved Sooting Tendency Measurements for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Implications for Naphthalene Formation Pathways .................................................................. 2390
Charles S. McEnally, Lisa D. Pfefferle
The Effects of Oxygenated Compounds on PAH and Soot Across a Suite of Laboratory Devices ....................................................................................................................... 2409
T. Litzinger, M. Colket, M. Kahandawala, V. Katta, S. Y. Lee, D. Liscinsky, K. McNesby, R. Pawlik, M. Roquemore, R. Santoro, S. Sidhu, S. Stouffer, J. Wu
The Effects of Nitrogen-containing Compounds on PAH and Soot Across a Suite of Laboratory Devices................................................................................................................... 2422
M. Colket, T. Litzinger, M. Kahandawala, V. Katta, S. L. Lee, D. Liscinsky, K. McNesby, A. Memon, M. Roquemore, R. Santoro, S. Sidhu, S. Stouffer
Laser-induced Incandescence for Soot Volume Fraction Measurements in Steady and Pulsed Ethylene/Air Non-Premixed Flames ........................................................................ 2443
Hayri Sapmaz, Chaouki Ghenai, Cheng-Xian Lin
Detailed Modeling and Analysis of Aromatic Additive Effects in Ethylene-air Flames ............................................................................................................................................ 2453
Colleen B. L. Stroud, Wing Tsang, Samuel Manzello
Temperature Dependence of Soot Onset Threshold in Premixed Ethylbenzene Flames ............................................................................................................................................ 2462
Ali Ergut, Rick J. Therrien, Yiannis A. Levendis, Henning Richter, Jack B. Howard, Joel Carlson
A Study on the Effect of Experimental Setup Configuration on Soot Formation in Laminar Premixed Ethylene-Air Flame ....................................................................................... 2473
Gagan Gothaniya, Seong-Young Lee, Arvind Menon, Suresh Iyer, Milton J. Linevsky, Thomas A. Litzinger, Robert J. Santoro
Session F2 – Soot
The Effects of Aromatic Species on Soot Particle Size Distribution and Species Concentration in a Well Stirred Reactor/Plug Flow Reactor..................................................... 2487
Samuel L. Manzello, David B. Lenhert, Colleen B. Stoud, Wing Tsang
Modeling Soot Growth and Activity with Heterogeneous Kinetics and Method of Moments......................................................................................................................................... 2496
Chen-Pang Chou, Devin Hodgson, Maria Petrova, Ellen Meeks
Relations between Particle Size Distribution Function and Morphology of Soot Formed in Atmospheric-Pressure, Premixed Ethylene-Oxygen-Argon Flames ..................... 2521
A. D. Abid, N. Heinz, E. D. Tolmachoff, D. J. Phares, H. Wang
Experimental Study on Primary Soot Particle Inception in Laminar Premixed and Diffusion Flames ........................................................................................................................... 2537
C. H. Kim, F. Xu, G. M. Faeth
Soot Surface Temperature Measurements in Pure and Diluted Flames at Atmospheric and Elevated Pressures......................................................................................... 2552
T. L. Berry Yelverton, W. L. Roberts
Health Effects of Partially Oxidized Soot.................................................................................... 2563A. L. Holder, D. Lucas, R. Goth-Goldstein, C. P. Koshland
Session F3 – Emissions
Optimization of Fuel Preparation for Emissions Reduction from a Small Scale Gas Turbine Engine Operated on Biodiesel....................................................................................... 2570
Christopher D. Bolszo, Vincent G. McDonell
Comparisons of Sub-Micron Particulate Structures Emitted from a Diesel Engine, a Gasoline Engine, and a Power Plant ........................................................................................ 2583
M. F. Chandler, U. O. Koylu, J. A. Drallmeier, F. S. Miller
The Effects of Phosphorus Compounds on PAH and Soot Across a Suite of Laboratory Devices ....................................................................................................................... 2589
S. Sidhu, V. Belovich, M. Colket, M. Kahandawala, V. Katta, D. Liscinsky, T. Litzinger, K. McNesby, R. Pawlik, M. Roquemore, R. Santoro, S. Stouffer
Volume 5
Combustion and Ignition of Bio-ester Fuel Droplets in Microgravity ...................................... 2606Timothy Vaughn, Mark Wessel, Anthony Marchese
Effect of Mercury Removal Treatment on NOx Emission and Ash Deposition Characteristics in PC Combustion .............................................................................................. 2617
Shrinivas Lokare, Krzysztof Waclawiak, Dale Tree, Larry Baxter
Session F4 – Soot
Parameter Free Aggregation Model for Soot Formation........................................................... 2624G. Blanquart, H. Pitsch
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of PAH Dimerization ............................................................ 2643David K. Wong, Charles A. Schuetz, Michael Frenklach
Selection of Inception Species for Soot Modeling in Premixed Flames ................................. 2652Zhiwei Yang, Hongzhi Zhang, Eric Eddings, Adel Sarofim
A Computational Investigation of Sooting Limits of Spherical Diffusion Flames.................. 2659V. R. Lecoustre, B. H. Chao, P. B. Sunderland, D. L. Urban, D. P. Stocker, R. L. Axelbaum
Coagulation of Soot Aggregates: Self Preserving Distributions and the Thermal Equilibration of Electrical Charge ............................................................................................... 2667
M. M. Maricq
Characterization of the Properties of Soot for Aromatic and Aliphatic Flames ..................... 2676C. A. Echavarria, A. Sarofim, Z. Yang, J. Lighty
Session F5 – Fire
Material Flammability Test Methods for Achieving Simulated Low-Gravity Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 2683
Fletcher J. Miller, Sandra Olson, Suleyman A. Gokoglu, Paul F. Ferkul
Flammability of High Boiling, Hydrocarbon Liquid, Aerosols.................................................. 2698Ramagopal Ananth, Heather D. Willauer, Fredrick W. Williams
Diffusion Flame over a Melting Polymer Disk Von Karman Swirling Flows ........................... 2709Vedha Nayagam, R. Balasubramaniam, F. A. Williams
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Fully-Developed Compartment Fires ...................... 2722Y. Utiskul, J. G. Quintiere
Session F6 – New Technology
Miniature Liquid Film Combustors with Double Chamber and Central Porous Fuel Inlets ............................................................................................................................................... 2736
Nicola Sarzi Amade, Yueh-Heng Li, Trinh K. Pham, Derek Dunn-Rankin, William A. Sirignano
Effects of Fuel Injection and Mixing on NO x Performance of a Liquid-Fueled Stagnation Point Reverse Flow Combustor ............................................................................... 2745
P. Gopalakrishnan, P. Allison, J. Seitzman
On In-Situ Oil Recovery From Tar Sands.................................................................................... 2757T. R. Kennelly, L. D. Chen
Combustion of Boronhydride/Metal/Water Mixtures for Hydrogen Generation ..................... 2762Moiz Diwan, Evgeny Shfirovich, Victor Diakov, Arvind Varma
Non-Thermal Ignition Enhancement by Magnetically Stabilized Gliding Arc Plasma Discharge ......................................................................................................................... 2768
T. Ombrello, Y. Ju, S. Gangoli, A. Gutsol, A. Fridman
Use of Functional Group Analysis for the Selection of Surrogates for Jet Fuels .................. 2784Hongzhi R. Zhang, Eric G. Eddings, Adel F. Sarofim, Charles L. Mayne, Zhiwei Yang, Ronald J. Pugmire
The Carbonyl Emissions from Petroleum Diesel and a Biodiesel Blend ................................ 2792M. Chai, M. Lu, F. Liang, Libya Watson
Performance of Small Scale Boiler Burner Fired with Blends of Coal and Dairy Biomass.......................................................................................................................................... 2797
Ben Lawrence, Kalyan Annamalai, John M. Sweeten
Session G1 – Diagnostics
Comparison of Wavelength Modulation and Direct Absorption Spectroscopy for Measurements of Gas Temperature in a Scramjet Combustor ................................................ 2804
G. B. Rieker, J. B. Jeffries, R. K. Hanson, T. Mathur, C. D. Carter, M. R. Gruber
Application of a Diode-Laser-Based Ultraviolet Absorption Sensor for In Situ Measurements of Atomic Mercury in Coal Combustion Exhaust ............................................ 2815
Jesse K. Magnuson, Thomas N. Anderson, Robert P. Lucht, A. Vijayasarathy, Hyukjin Oh, Kalyan Annamalai
Two-Wavelength Mid-IR Absorption Sensor for Simultaneous Temperature and n-heptane Concentration Measurements....................................................................................... 2829
A. E. Klingbeil, J. M. Porter, J. B. Jeffries, R. K. Hanson
Nitric Oxide Concentration Profiles in Atmospheric-Pressure Flames Using Electronic-Resonance-Enhanced Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (ERE-CARS) ............................................................................................................................................. 2840
N. Chai, V. Naik, W. D. Kulatilaka, R. P. Lucht, N. M. Laurendeau, S. Roy, V. R. Katta, J. P. Kuehner, J. R. Gord
Detection of Trace NO Concentrations Using 1-D NO-LIF Imaging ......................................... 2852J. Yoo, T. Lee, J. B. Jeffries, R. K. Hanson
High-Resolution Two-Photon Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Nitric Oxide............................................................................................................................................... 2863
Waruna D. Kulatilaka, Robert P. Lucht
Simultaneous Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry and Double Pulsed Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence of Turbulent Premixed Flames ............................................................. 2874
S. A. Filatyev, M. P. Thariyan, R. P. Lucht, J. P. Gore
On the Use of Endwall Emission as a Shock-Tube Ignition Diagnostic .................................. 2886Eric Petersen
Session G2 – Spray
Acoustically Coupled Droplet Combustion with Alternative Fuels.......................................... 2901J. I. Rodriguez, O. I. Smith, A. R. Karagozian
On the Controlling Mechanisms in Multicomponent Droplet Gasification ............................. 2921Huiqiang Zhang, Chung K. Law
Experimental Investigation of Combustion of Electrostatically Charged Ethanol Blended Gasoline Droplets .......................................................................................................... 2932
E. K. Anderson, A. P. Carlucci, A. De Risi, D. C. Kyritsis
Combustion Performance of a Novel Injector Using Flow-Blurring for Efficient Fuel Atomization ........................................................................................................................... 2942
H. Panchasara, D. Sequera, W. Schreiber, A. K. Agrawal
Combustion and Temperature Measurements of Evaporating Propanol-Acetone Droplets .......................................................................................................................................... 2958
J. S. Xiao, J. B. Wei, B. D. Shaw, Z. Peng
Fuel Drop Dynamics for Solid Surface Impact at Conditions Below the Splash Limit ................................................................................................................................................ 2971
B. Bathel, A. Ratner
Session G3 – Spray
Large-eddy Simulation/Probability Density Function Formulation for Turbulent Spray Combustion ........................................................................................................................ 2987
V. Raman, O. Desjardins
Theory of Bouncing and Coalescence in Droplet Collision...................................................... 2998P. Zhang, C. K. Law
Influence of Gravity on Combustion and Flammability of Heptane Droplets in Air-Diluent Environments ................................................................................................................... 3023
B. D. Shaw, J. B. Wei
Microgravity Droplet Combustion in CO2 Enriched Environments at Elevated Pressures ....................................................................................................................................... 3033
Michael Hicks, Vedha Nayagam, Forman Williams
Ceramic Formation in Liquid Precursor Droplets Injected into Plasmas and Premixed Flames ........................................................................................................................... 3046
Saptarshi Basu, Baki Cetegen
Session G4 – Heterogeneous
Combustion of Single Titanium and Coated Aluminum Particles............................................ 3060Timothy A. Andrzejak, Evgeny Shafirovich, Soon Kay Teoh, Arvind Varma
Selective Catalytic Combustion for Synthesis of Micropatterned Carbon Thin Films ............................................................................................................................................... 3066
L. Bulut, A. Yan, R. H. Hurt
The Impact of the Distribution of Surface-Oxides and their Migration on characterization of the Heterogeneous Carbon Oxygen Reaction .......................................... 3072
P. A. Campbell, R. E. Mitchell
Predicting Product Gas Compositions from Gasifiers Operated at Moderate Temperatures................................................................................................................................. 3090
Chitralkumar V. Naik, Stephen Niksa
Influence of CO2 on Coal Char Combustion Kinetics in Oxy-Fuel Applications .................... 3102C. R. Shaddix, A. Molina
Modeling Char Oxidation Behavior Under Zone II Burning Conditions at Elevated Pressures ....................................................................................................................................... 3110
Liqiang Ma, Reginald Mitchell
Session G4 – Modeling
Toward Next-Generation Multiphysics Simulation Software.................................................... 3135James C. Sutherland
Novel Subgrid Modeling of the LES Equations Under Supercritical Pressure....................... 3148L. C. Selle, J. Bellan, K. G. Harstad
Quadrature Method of Moments for Modeling Soot Formation in Turbulent Non-Premixed Flames ........................................................................................................................... 3167
Q. Tang, Y. Huang, M. Bockelie, R. O. Fox
Modeling of an Autothermal Heat Integrated Wall Reactor for Simulation of Hydrogen Production for Fuel Cells............................................................................................ 3182
C. B. Bicici, H. Bedir
Effect of Oxygen Enhancement on Radiation Characteristics of Normal and Inverse Diffusion Flames.............................................................................................................. 3190
M. K. Saini, S. S. Krishnan, Y. Zheng, J. P. Gore
Numerical Analysis of Coal Combustion in a Raceway ............................................................ 3209Mingyan Gu, N. K. C. Selvarasu, Yongfu Zhao, Dennis Lu, Chenn Q. Zhou
Modeling Multicomponent Solid-Liquid Phase Equilibrium of Salts and Silicates in Biomass and Coal Thermal Conversion Processes .................................................................. 3218
Bing Liu, John L. Oscarson, Larry L. Baxter, Reed M. Izatt
Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of the Operation of a Flame Ionization Sensor ............................................................................................................................................ 3227
E. David Huckaby, Benjamin Chorpening, Jimmy Thornton
Volume 6
Session H2 – Stationary Combustion
Combustion Oscillations of a Low-Swirl Burner Induced inside a Rijke Tube....................... 3249S. Abbilian, D. Dunn-Rankin
Performance of Small Scale Boiler Burner Fired with Blends of Coal and Dairy Biomass.......................................................................................................................................... 3258
Ben Lawrence, Kalyan Annamalai, John M. Sweeten
Upstream Catalytic Flame Propagation in a Platinum Channel: A Comparison of Model and Experiment .................................................................................................................. 3265
Fletcher Miller, Peter Struk, Daniel Dietrich, James Tien, Benjamin Mellish, Michael Johnston
Effect of Wall Thermal Conductivity and Thickness on the Performance of Heat-Recirculating Reactors ................................................................................................................. 3278
J. Ahn, P. D. Ronney
Superadiabatic Combustion in Parallel Channels ..................................................................... 3285Ingmar Schoegl, Janet Ellzey
Experimental Burning Velocity Characteristics for Premixed Methane-air Laminar Flames in a Simulated Microcombustor ..................................................................................... 3299
Anand Veeraragavan, Christopher Cadou
Experimental Investigation of Species and Temperature Characteristics of Intermediate Reynolds Number Reactive Boundary Layers in Micro-Combustion Flows .............................................................................................................................................. 3309
S. A. Smyth, D. C. Kyritsis
Flame Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Nanopearls Using Ferrofluid as Catalyst........................................................................................................................................... 3317
Sayangdev Naha, Swarnendu Sen, Ishwar K. Puri
Predicting Hg Emissions Rates from Coal-Fired Utility Gas Cleaning Systems .................... 3326Chitralkumar Naik, Balaji Krishnakumar, Stephen Niksa
Fuel-Nitrogen Chemistry in Coal, Biomass, and Cofired Flames............................................. 3337B. Damstedt, D. Hansen, J. Jones, C. Christensen, C. Johnson, T. Jones, M. Muff, D. Tree, L. Baxter
Thermal Transport to a Reactor Wall with a Time Varying Ash Layer..................................... 3355D. P. Cundick, R. P. Blanchard, D. Maynes, D. Tree, L. L. Baxter
Formation Temperature of Ammonium Bisulfate at Simulated Air Preheater Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 3369
J. Y. Wei, L. J. Muzio, D. Dunn-Rankin
Development of the Low Swirl Injector for Fuel-Flexible Gas Turbines .................................. 3379David Littlejohn, Robert K. Cheng, Ken O. Smith
Experimental Study on the Effects of Large Centrifugal Forces on Step-Stabilized Flames ............................................................................................................................................ 3388
A. Lapsa, W. J. A. Dahm
Session H3 – New Technology
Flame Synthesis of Nano-Phase TiO2 Crystalline Films ........................................................... 3400Erik D. Tolmachoff, Guillermo Garcia, Denis J. Phares, Charles S. Campbell, Hai Wang
Effect of Ammonia Treatment on Pt Catalyst Used for Low-Temperature Reaction.............. 3409J. Ahn, P. D. Ronney
Numerical and Experimental Conversion of Liquid Heptane to Syngas Through a Porous Inert Media ........................................................................................................................ 3417
M. J. Dixon, C. B. Hull, N. Munguia, J. L. Ellzey
Combustion of Liquid Fuels Using Porous Inert Media with Annular Heat Recirculation.................................................................................................................................. 3448
C. Dumitrescu, A. K. Agrawal
Effect of Scale and Fuel Type on Heat-Recirculation Combustor Performance .................... 3459Younho Kim, Hwanil Huh, Jeongmin Ahn, Paul D. Ronney
Session H4 – Fire
Developing Extinction Criteria for Fire ....................................................................................... 3466J. W. Williamson, A. W. Marshall, A. Trouve
Fuel Effects in Cup-Burner Flame Extinguishment ................................................................... 3480Gregory T. Linteris, Fumiaki Takahashi, Viswanath R. Katta
Elliptic Solution to the Emmons Problem................................................................................... 3490Howard R. Baum, Arvind Atreya
Large Eddy Simulation of Flash Fires Following Ignition of a Fuel Vapor Cloud .................. 3507J. Wiley, A. Trouve
Extinguishment of Cylindrical Diffusion Flames in a Coaxial Air Stream ............................... 3518Fumiaki Takahashi
Quenching Limits and Materials Degradation of Hydrogen Diffusion Flames ....................... 3530N. R. Morton, P. B. Sunderland, B. H. Chao, R. L. Axelbaum
Session H6 – Fire
Fire Induced Thermal and Structural Response of the World Trade Center Towers ............. 3538Kuldeep Prasad
Quantification of Fire Signatures for Practical Spacecraft Materials ...................................... 3549R. L. Vander Wal, J. F. H. Novak, V. Pushkarev
Determination of Pyrolysis Temperature for Infinite Rate Kinetics Models of Charring Materials ......................................................................................................................... 3557
Won Chan Park, Arvind Atreya, Howard R. Baum
Ultra Fine Water Mist Extinction of a Diffusion Flame .............................................................. 3581Ramagopal Ananth, Richard C. Mowrey
Interaction of Small Water Droplets with a Methane Non-Premixed Jet Flame ...................... 3596G. J. Liao, A. U. Modak, R. J. Kee, J. P. Delplanque
Evacuation Study Using Integrated Fire/Evacuation Environment.......................................... 3608S. A. Filatyev, A. K. Mellema, A. R. Chaturvedi, J. P. Gore
An Investigation of Canopy Bulk Density Effects on the Dynamics of Crown Fire Initiation.......................................................................................................................................... 3623
Watcharapong Tachajapong, Jesse Lazano, Shankar Mahalingam, David Weise
Piloted Ignition to Flaming in Smoldering Fire-Retarded Polyurethane Foam....................... 3639O. Putzeys, A. C. Fernandez-Pello, D. Urban
Poster Session
Developing a Test Stand to Study Homogeneous Auto-Ignition During Catalytic Combustion of H2-CH4-Air Mixtures on Heat Exchange Surfaces............................................ 3654
Jeroen Valensa, S. Scott Goldsborough
Investigation of Laser-Induced Polarization Spectroscopy of Nitric Oxide ............................ 3655Waruna D. Kulatilaka, Robert P. Lucht
Femtosecond Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Measurement of Gas Temperatures from Frequency-Spread Dephasing of the Raman Coherence........................ 3662
Sukesh Roy, Robert P. Lucht, Paul J. Kinnius, Terrence R. Meyer, James J. Gord
Ignition of Moist Syngas in a Rapid Compression Machine..................................................... 3671G. Mittal, C. J. Sung
Pool Fire Extinction by Direct Application of Liquid Nitrogen ................................................. 3678Y. A. Levendis, M. A. Delichatsios
Pressure Dependent Mechanism for H/O/C (1) Chemistry........................................................ 3691Joseph W. Bozzelli, Rubik Asatryan, Chris J. Montgomery, Chad Sheng
Level Set Method Applied to Flame Front Numerical Study..................................................... 3701Ivanka Nikolova
Second Law Analysis of H2-Enriched CH4-Air Flame Propagation and Stabilization ............ 3709Alejandro M. Briones, Suresh K. Aggarwal
Analytical Solution for Flame Speed in Micro Channels........................................................... 3719Ananthanarayanan Veeraragavan, Christopher Cadou
Experimental Studies of Flame Street in a Mesoscale Channel............................................... 3725B. Xu, Y. Ju
Development of In-situ Measurements of Mass Loading within Powdered Activated Carbon Suspensions for Mercury Emissions Control ............................................. 3729
Eric M. Lee, H. L. Clack
Synthesis of Tungsten Oxide Nanowires Using the Flame Generated by a Counter-Flow Reactor................................................................................................................... 3739
Wilson Merchan-Merchan, Alexei V. Saveliev, Aaron M. Taylor
Flame Synthesis of Nanostructures of Semiconducting Metal Oxides ................................... 3745Fusheng Xu, Stephen D. Tse
Experimental/Numerical Visualizations of Sooting Centerbody Flames................................. 3750M. Roquemore, V. Katta, V. Belovich, R. Pawlik, A. Lynch, J. Miller, S. Stouffer, G. Justinger, J. Zelina, S. Roy, J. Gord
Thermochemical Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) from G3MP2B3 Calculations ................................................................................................................. 3764
G. Blanquart, H. Pitsch
Comparison of Two Mixing Models with Experimental Solid-Fuel, Swirl-Stabilized Flame Data ..................................................................................................................................... 3784
B. Damstedt, D. Hansen, J. Jones, C. Christensen, C. Johnson, T. Jones, M. Muff, D. Tree, L. Baxter
In-Flight Kinetic Measurements of the Growth of Carbon Nanotubes by Electrical Mobility Classification .................................................................................................................. 3800
S. H. Kim, M. R. Zachariah
Measurements of Scalar Dissipation and Related Characteristics of Turbulent Non-Premixed Jet Flames ............................................................................................................ 3818
G. H. Wang, R. S. Barlow
Comparison of Detailed Reaction Mechanisms in Non-Premixed Combustion ..................... 3833Haifeng Wang, Stephen B. Pope
Stability Regimes of Turbulent Nitrogen-Diluted Hydrogen Jet Flames ................................. 3846N. Weiland, P. Strakey
Author Index
