6 9 12 0204 10-05104 - Filing 68 Supplemental Motion for Summary Judgment

7/29/2019 6 9 12 0204 10-05104 - Filing 68 Supplemental Motion for Summary Judgment

1/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

Zach Coughlin,Esq.Nevada Bar No: 9473PO BOX 39!"eno, N# $9%&%

'ele: 77%(33$($!!$)a*: 949(7(74&+--orne /or 0e/endan- "o1er- 2eller

N'E0 5''E5 BN2"P'C6 CO"'05'"C' O) NE#0

n "e: "OBE"' 2EE"

0e1-or.

'8E C0E COPN6, Plain-i//,

v.

"OBE"' 2EE", 0e/endan-.

Case No.: B2 !&(%+39(g;s case considering -he 'e*as udgAen- ;as no- revived ;i-hin -he !& ears called /or 1 -he

relevan- s-a-u-e.

N"5 !7.+!4, 5=ir-os ++! ). 3d !&79, %+ " +d 7+, N"5 !&.!!%, 2eA1le 77 ).+d $&+, n re

'hoAasson B" %&3, 0an


2/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

/roA ;hen no-ice o/ valid /oregin udgAen- ;as /iled , N"5 !!.!9&aa. don>- 1elieve -he

au-oAa-ic s-a has a -olling e//ec- on -he !& ear or ear =eriods in Nevada, 5iAon v . Orsi, 9$!

).+d !+%9, n re 5Ai-h !&! P.3d 37, O>lane v 5=ive $7$ P.+d 7%4, 'oran-o 3$$ B" 4!!, 5Ai-h

3%+ B" a- 7&%, BruAgard +93 B" ++4, n re 5ilva +!% B" 73, 77, n re or-on $ ).+d %!,

heaong +7 B" +33, +9% B" $+, 5-inson4 A ?ur +d sec !734, in /re caule Br 9DAcec-

373 B" $+, Cris-all +4+ P.3d !&&, 2o=/Aan ++ P.3d !&$& %& C?5 ?udAen-s 5ec $&!, , !! 5C

5ec !&$c, Cadle Aa 1e required -o revive udgAen- in -he original ursidic-ion /irs-, -hen rene; in

Nevada uner soAe au-hori-, 5=ar-s &4 ). 5u== +d $4, aqre # Everes- +3$ 5 3d $%%, 6orshire

!49 P.3d !&$$, %& C?5 ?udAgen-s 5ec !37!, ParFer v Eason, Car-er +3+ # !, 349 5E+d 9%,-rea-ed as revival ac-ion , 4%4 5E+d 4&, annaAaFer v Carr, "iggs , 9+ P.+d !3%$, G;he-her

=roceeding is -rea-ed as con-inua-ion o/ orginal i/ no- 2eller can a--acF Cadles case on service and

ursidic-ional grounds as -he +&& ashoe 0is-ric- Cour- case ;as no- Aailed -o a 2eller residence

and urisdic-ionall -he udgAen- ;as no- revived 1 Aerel /iling a No-ice o/ )iling )oregin

?udgAen- in +&&, es=eciall considering no /ur-her ac-ion ;as -aFen un-il +&!&.,

Collin Coun- ++& 5 77. a-Fins 3$% 5 !$$. 74$ ). +d !%%%9 s;+d 3, 3! alr4-h7& , +7 alr +d $39++! ). 3d !&79, 5=ir-os: ++! ).3d !&79 9-h Cir. +&&& n re: B5 N. 5P"'O5,0e1-or. '8E #. 5P"'O5, ==ellan-, v. "ENE O"ENO, ==ellee. No. 9$(%%!&! .5. Cour- o/ ==eals /or -he Nin-h Circui- rgued and 5u1Ai--ed 5e=-eA1er!, !999 )iled ugus- 4, +&&& ichelle 5=ir-os argued -he cause /or ==ellan-. On-he 1rie/s ;ere ?on ?. Eardle, 5an-a onica, Cali/ornia, and ?ohn B. 5=ir-os,2irF=a-ricF H ocFhar-, ashing-on, 0.C. "onald . Cher, os ngeles, Cali/ornia,argued -he cause /or ==ellee. i-h hiA on -he 1rie/ ;as ?ose=h . 5halan-. ==eal/roA -he ni-ed 5-a-es 0is-ric- Cour- /or -he Cen-ral 0is-ric- o/ Cali/ornia Be/ore:?aAes ". Bro;ning, le* 2os 1anFru=-c es-a-e. Basil ;asgran-ed a discharge in =ril !99, one Aon-h 1e/ore his dea-h. + )ollo;ing -hedischarge, -he -rus-ee o/ Basil>s es-a-e /iled an o1ec-ion -o oreno>s claiAs on -heground -ha- -he ;ere du=lica-ive. 'he 1anFru=-c cour- agreed and allo;ed onl one

- 2 -

0E)EN0N'>5 5PPEEN' O'ON )O" 5"6 ?0@EN'0EB'

Case 10-05104-gwz Doc 68 Entered 06/09/12 01:06:40 Page 2 of 24


3/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

claiA, /or -he udgAen- aAoun- =lus in-eres-, less -he =aAen-s Basil>s es-a-e hadalread Aade. 'helAa 5=ir-os, Basil>s e*(;i/e, -hen o1ec-ed -o oreno>s claiA as=ar- in in-eres-.! 5he argued -ha- -he udgAen- ;as void under -he Cali/ornia s-a-u-eo/ dura-ion, ;hich =rovides -ha- a udgAen- 1ecoAes unen/orcea1le a/-er -en ears.5ee Cal. Civ. Pro. Code 5 $3.&+&. 'he -en(ear =eriod e*=ired in !993, a/-er Basil

had /iled /or 1anFru=-c 1u- 1e/ore -he claiA ;as allo;ed. Because oreno /ailed -orene; -he udgAen- under Cal. Civ. Pro. Code 5 $3.!!&, 'helAa argued, her claiAAus- 1e disallo;ed. 5ee !! .5.C. 5 %&+1! cour- shall no- allo; claiAs -ha- areIunen/orcea1le agains- -he de1-or and =ro=er- o/ -he de1-or, under . . . a==lica1lela;I. 3 'he 1anFru=-c cour- overruled 'helAa>s o1ec-ion and -he dis-ric- cour-a//irAed, /inding -ha- -he au-oAa-ic s-a o/ !! .5.C. 5 3+a =recluded oreno/roA rene;ing -he udgAen-. oreover, -he dis-ric- cour- held -ha- !! .5.C. 5 !&$ce*-ended -he -en(ear s-a-u-e o/ dura-ion ;hile Basil reAained in 1anFru=-c, and -ha-oreno ;as enoined 1 !! .5.C. 5 %+4 /roA /iling /or rene;al once Basil ;asdischarged. 'helAa a==eals. 4 e con/ine our analsis -o sec-ion !&$c, ;hich=rovides: % JK/ a==lica1le non(1anFru=-c la; . . . /i*es a =eriod /or coAAencing or

con-inuing a civil ac-ion in a cour- o-her -han a 1anFru=-c cour- on a claiA agains- -hede1-or . . . , -hen such =eriod does no- e*=ire un-il . . . 3& das a/-er no-ice o/ -he-erAina-ion or e*=ira-ion o/ -he s-a under sec-ion 3+ . .. . On i-s /ace, sec-ion!&$c a==ears -o cover our si-ua-ion. 'he Cali/ornia s-a-u-e o/ dura-ion is a non(1anFru=-c la; -ha- a==lies -o -he oreno udgAen-. 'he s-a-u-e /i*es a -en(ear=eriod during ;hich oreno had -o Fee= -he udgAen- /roA e*=iring 1 /iling /orrene;al. nder sec-ion !&$c, -hen, -he liAi-a-ions =eriod does no- e*=ire un-il 3&das a/-er -he end o/ -he au-oAa-ic s-a. 7 Pursuan- -o !! .5.C. 5 3+c!, -heau-oAa-ic s-a reAains in /orce ;i-h res=ec- -o =ro=er- o/ -he es-a-e Iun-il such=ro=eris no longer =ro=er- o/ -he es-a-e. I 5o long as -here are asse-s in -he es-a-e,-hen, -he s-a reAains in e//ec-, =reven-ing oreno /roA collec-ing her udgAen- 1a--aching -hose asse-s. 5ee 3 Collier on BanFru=-c5 3+.&! !%-h ed. In -he caseo/ an ac- agains- =ro=er- o/ -he es-a-e, -he s-a con-inues un-il -he =ro=eris nolonger =ro=er- o/ -he es-a-e.I. 'hus, -he =eriod o/ dura-ion under Cal. Civ. Pro. Code5 $3.&+& ;ill no- e*=ire un-il 3& das a/-er all -he asse-s in Basil>s es-a-e have 1een/inall dis-ri1u-ed, an even- -ha- has no- e- occurred. $ 'he 5econd Circui- reached-he saAe conclusion in n re or-on, $ ).+d %! +d Cir. !9$9. or-on concerned-he validi- o/ a 1anF>s udgAen- lien agains- a de1-or>s =ro=er-. iFe -he orenoudgAen-, -he lien had a -en(ear li/e under s-a-e la;. 'he liAi-a-ions =eriod e*=ired;hile -he de1-or ;as in 1anFru=-c, and -he de1-or argued -ha- -he lien 1ecaAeunen/orcea1le 1ecause -he 1anF had /ailed -o rene; i-. 'he 1anF coun-ered -ha-sec-ion !&$c =reserved -he lien 1eond -he -en(ear =eriod. "eling on -he Is=eci/iclanguage o/ -he s-a-u-e,I -he cour- held -ha- -he 1anF had 3& das a/-er -erAina-ion o/-he s-a -o rene; i-s lien. d. a- %L accord "ogers v. Corrosion Prods., nc., 4+ ).3d+9+, +97 %-h Cir. !99% i/ no /ederal or s-a-e la; sus=ends -he s-a-u-e o/ dura-ion, Ia=ar- Aus- /ile sui- ;i-hin -he -hir-(da grace =eriod a/-er -he end o/ -he s-aILslanidis v. ni-ed 5-a-es ines, nc., 7 ).3d !&7, !&73 +d Cir. !993 sec-ion!&$c Icalls /or a==lica1le -iAe deadlines -o 1e e*-ended /or 3& das a/-er no-ice o/-he -erAina-ion o/ a 1anFru=-c s-a, i/ an such deadline ;ould have /allen on anearlier da-eI. 9 n re 8un-ers "un -d. Par-nershi=, $7% ).+d !4+% 9-h Cir. !9$9, is

- 3 -




4/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

en-irel consis-en-. n 8un-er>s "un, a credi-or recorded a Aechanic>s lien agains- ade1-or>s =ro=er-. 'he =ro=er- ;as -rans/erred -o 8un-ers "un, ;hich declared1anFru=-c. Because -he credi-or /ailed -o en/orce i-s lien ;i-hin eigh- Aon-hs, asrequired 1 s-a-e la;, 8un-ers "un argued -he lien ;as void. e reec-ed -hisarguAen-, holding -ha- sec-ion !&$c e*-ended -he =eriod during ;hich -he credi-or

could en/orce i-s lien. 5ee id. a- !4+$. n so doing, ;e /ound -ha- -he IJaK==lica1ili- o/sec-ion !&$c in -his case hinges on -he a==lica1ili- o/ . . . -he au-oAa-ic s-a=rovisions o/ !! .5.C. 5 3+.I d. a- !4+7. 'helAa relies on -his language -o argue-ha- oreno Aa no- avail hersel/ o/ sec-ion !&$c unless oreno ;as 1arred 1 -hesec-ion 3+ s-a /roA rene;ing her udgAen-((;hich 'helAa argues oreno ;as no-.5ee ChecFers 0rive(n "es-auran-s, nc. v. CoAAissioner, %! ).3d !&7$, !&$3($40.C. Cir. !99%L n re arson, 979 ).+d +%, +7 $-h Cir. !99+. !& 'helAa reads -ooAuch in-o 8un-ers "un. 'he case s-ands /or -he =ro=osi-ion -ha- sec-ion !&$ce*-ends -he liAi-a-ions =eriod so long as -he credi-or is 1arred 1 -he au-oAa-ic s-a/roA en/orcing i-s udgAen- agains- -he =ro=er- o/ -he es-a-e. n 8un-ers "un, -hecredi-or ;as 1arred /roA en/orcing a lien agains- a s=eci/ic asse- o/ -he es-a-e. 8ere,

oreno is 1arred 1 -he au-oAa-ic s-a /roA collec-ing on a udgAen- 1 a--aching -hede1-or>s asse-s ;hich have 1ecoAe =ro=er- o/ -he es-a-e. - is -he credi-or>s ina1ili- -oen/orce -he udgAen- /or a =or-ion o/ -he -en(ear =eriod -ha- Fee=s -he =eriod o/dura-ion o=en under sec-ion !&$c. he-her -he au-oAa-ic s-a also =recluded -hecredi-or /roA rene;ing -he udgAen- ((an issue ;e need no- decide((is 1eside -he=oin-. or-on reached -he saAe conclusion, even -hough i- held -ha- sec-ion 3+ didno- 1ar -he credi-or /roA rene;ing i-s udgAen-. 5ee or-on, $ ).+d a- %4(%Laccord "ogers , 4+ ).3d a- +97 anals con-en-ion -ha- allo;ance o/ oreno>sclaiA viola-es -he )i/-h, 'en-h and Eleven-h AendAen-s is ;i-hou- Aeri-. !+))"E0. No-es: ! n addi-ion -o 1eing a credi-or in Basil>s es-a-e, 'helAa isinvolved in 1anFru=-c =roceedings o/ her o;n. 5he assuAed hal/ o/ -he oreno de1-=ursuan- -o her arriage 5e--leAen- greeAen- ;i-h Basil, and also o1ec-s -ooreno>s claiA in her o;n es-a-e. e reec- -his con-en-ion in a AeAoranduAdis=osi-ion /iled concurren-l here;i-h. 5ee n re 'helAa #. 5=ir-os, No. 9$(%%!&.N"5 !7.+!4 )iling and con-en-s o/ a//idavi-L recording a//idavi-L no-ice -o udgAen-de1-orL successive a//idavi-s. !. udgAen- credi-or or a udgAen- credi-orMssuccessor in in-eres- Aa rene; a udgAen- ;hich has no- 1een =aid 1: a )ilingan a//idavi- ;i-h -he clerF o/ -he cour- ;here -he udgAen- is en-ered and docFe-ed,;i-hin 9& das 1e/ore -he da-e -he udgAen- e*=ires 1 liAi-a-ion. 'he a//idavi- Aus-1e -i-led as an G//idavi- o/ "ene;al o/ ?udgAen- and Aus- s=eci/: ! 'henaAes o/ -he =ar-ies and -he naAe o/ -he udgAen- credi-orMs successor in in-eres-, i/an, and -he source and succession o/ his or her -i-leL + / -he udgAen- isrecorded, -he naAe o/ -he coun- and -he docuAen- nuA1er or -he nuA1er and -he=age o/ -he 1ooF in ;hich i- is recordedL 3 'he da-e and -he aAoun- o/ -heudgAen- and -he nuA1er and =age o/ -he docFe- in ;hich i- is en-eredL 4he-her -here is an ou-s-anding ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion /or en/orceAen- o/ -he udgAen-L

% 'he da-e and aAoun- o/ an =aAen- on -he udgAen-L he-her

- 4 -




5/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

-here are an se-o//s or coun-erclaiAs in /avor o/ -he udgAen- de1-or and -he aAoun-or, i/ a se-o// or coun-erclaiA is unse--led or unde-erAined i- ;ill 1e allo;ed as=aAen- or credi- on -he udgAen-L 7 'he e*ac- aAoun- due on -he udgAen-L

$ / -he udgAen- ;as docFe-ed 1 -he clerF o/ -he cour- u=on a cer-i/ied co=/roA an o-her cour-, and an a1s-rac- recorded ;i-h -he coun- clerF, -he naAe o/ each

coun- in ;hich -he -ranscri=- has 1een docFe-ed and -he a1s-rac- recordedL and9 n o-her /ac- or circuAs-ance necessar -o a coA=le-e disclosure o/ -he e*ac-condi-ion o/ -he udgAen-. ll in/orAa-ion in -he a//idavi- Aus- 1e 1ased on -he=ersonal Fno;ledge o/ -he a//ian-, and no- u=on in/orAa-ion and 1elie/. 1 / -heudgAen- is recorded, recording -he a//idavi- o/ rene;al in -he o//iceo/ -he coun- recorder in ;hich -he original udgAen- is /iled ;i-hin 3 das a/-er -hea//idavi- o/ rene;al is /iled =ursuan- -o =aragra=h a. +. 'he /iling o/ -he a//idavi-rene;s -he udgAen- -o -he e*-en- o/ -he aAoun- sho;n due in -he a//idavi-. 3. 'heudgAen- credi-or or -he udgAen- credi-orMs successor in in-eres- shall no-i/ -heudgAen- de1-or o/ -he rene;al o/ -he udgAen- 1 sending a co= o/ -he a//idavi- o/rene;al 1 cer-i/ied Aail, re-urn recei=- reques-ed, -o -he udgAen- de1-or a- his or her

las- Fno;n address ;i-hin 3 das a/-er /iling -he a//idavi-. 4. 5uccessive a//idavi-s/or rene;al Aa 1e /iled ;i-hin 9& das 1e/ore -he =receding rene;al o/ -he udgAen-e*=ires 1 liAi-a-ion. N"5 !7.34& G)oreign udgAen- de/ined. s used in N"5!7.33& -o !7.4&&, inclusive, unless -he con-e*- o-her;ise requires, G/oreign udgAen-Aeans an udgAen- o/ a cour- o/ -he ni-ed 5-a-es or o/ an o-her cour- ;hich isen-i-led -o /ull /ai-h and credi- in -his s-a-e, e*ce=-: !. udgAen- -o ;hich cha=-er!3& o/ N"5 a==liesL and +. n order /or =ro-ec-ion issued /or -he =ur=ose o/=reven-ing violen- or -hrea-ening ac-s or harassAen- agains-, or con-ac- orcoAAunica-ion ;i-h or =hsical =ro*iAi- -o, ano-her =erson, including -eA=orarand /inal orders. dded -o N"5 1 !979, !49L !997, ++$L +&&!, +!3+N"5 !7.3%& )iling and s-a-us o/ /oreign udgAen-s. n e*eA=li/ied co= o/ an/oreign udgAen- Aa 1e /iled ;i-h -he clerF o/ an dis-ric- cour- o/ -his s-a-e. 'heclerF shall -rea- -he /oreign udgAen- in -he saAe Aanner as a udgAen- o/ -he dis-ric-cour- o/ -his s-a-e. udgAen- so /iled has -he saAe e//ec- and is su1ec- -o -he saAe=rocedures, de/enses and =roceedings /or reo=ening, vaca-ing or s-aing as a udgAen-o/ a dis-ric- cour- o/ -his s-a-e and Aa 1e en/orced or sa-is/ied in liFe Aanner.dded -o N"5 1 !979, !49 N"5 !7.3& //idavi-L no-ice o/ /iling udgAen-and a//idavi-. !. - -he -iAe o/ -he /iling o/ -he /oreign udgAen-, -he udgAen-credi-or or -he udgAen- credi-orMs a--orne shall /ile ;i-h -he clerF o/ -he cour- ana//idavi- se--ing /or-h -he naAe and las- Fno;n =os- o//ice address o/ -he udgAen-de1-or and -he udgAen- credi-or. 'he a//idavi- Aus- also include a s-a-eAen- -ha- -he/oreign udgAen- is valid and en/orcea1le, and -he e*-en- -o ;hich i- has 1eensa-is/ied. +. ProA=-l u=on /iling -he /oreign udgAen- and a//idavi-, -he udgAen-credi-or or soAeone on 1ehal/ o/ -he udgAen- credi-or shall Aail no-ice o/ -he /ilingo/ -he udgAen- and a//idavi-, a--aching a co= o/ each -o -he no-ice, -o -he udgAen-de1-or and -o -he udgAen- de1-orMs a--orne o/ record, i/ an, each a- his or her las-Fno;n address 1 cer-i/ied Aail, re-urn recei=- reques-ed. 'he no-ice shall include -henaAe and =os- o//ice address o/ -he udgAen- credi-or and -he udgAen- credi-orMsa--orne, i/ an, in -his s-a-e. 'he udgAen- credi-or shall /ile ;i-h -he clerF o/ -hecour- an a//idavi- se--ing /or-h -he da-e u=on ;hich -he no-ice ;as Aailed. 3. No

- 5 -




6/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

e*ecu-ion or o-her =rocess /or en/orceAen- o/ a /oreign udgAen- Aa issue un-il 3&das a/-er -he da-e o/ Aailing -he no-ice o/ /iling. 'olling ( does -he /iling o/1anFru=-c s-o= -he running o/ s-a-e s-a-u-e o/ liAi-a-ions

n re: Brenda arie ?ones, No. !&(&&&&

n a 1anFru=-c dis=u-e involving -he discharge o/ -a*es o;ed 1 de1-or in a ne;cha=-er 7 case -o -he Cali/ornia )ranchise Board, udgAen- o/ -he 1anFru=-c cour- isa//irAed ;here de1-or>s =rior Cha=-er !3 1anFru=-c case had no e//ec- on -he looF1acF =eriod such -ha- -he =eriod ;as no- sus=ended and -he -a* de1- discharged. "eadAore... 5haAus 8oldings C v. B )inancial, C, No. !&(++! ni-ed 5-a-es)irs- Circui-, &Q&9Q+&!! ...!! .5.C. R 3+a, ;hich Igives de1-ors 1rea-hing rooA1 s-o==ing collec-ion e//or-s in -heir -racFs and =erAi--ing -heir resuA=-ion onl;hen -he s-a is li/-ed 1 -he 1anFru=-c cour- or dissolved 1 o=era-ion o/ la;.I ++9ain 5-. -d. P>shi= v. ass. 0e=>- o/ Env-l. Pro-. n re ++9 ain 5-. -d. P>shi=, ++).3d !, 3 !s- Cir. +&&!. 'he au-oAa-ic s-a =reven-s I-he coAAenceAen- orcon-inua-ion . . . o/ a udicial, adAinis-ra-ive, or o-her ac-ion or =roceeding agains- -he

de1-or.I !! .5.C. R 3+a!. no-her s-a-u-e ;i-hin -he BanFru=-c Code isiA=lica-ed here. 'ha- s-a-u-e, !! .5.C. R !&$c, is a -olling =rovisionL i- e*-ends s-a-es-a-u-es o/ liAi-a-ions /or credi-ors ;ho are 1arred 1 -he au-oAa-ic s-a /roA -aFing-iAel ac-ion agains- -he de1-or. 5ee 6oung v. ni-ed 5-a-es n re 6oung, +33 ).3d%, %9 n.3 !s- Cir. +&&&. - =rovides in =er-inen- =ar-: JK/ a==lica1le non1anFru=-cla; . . . /i*es a =eriod /or coAAencing or con-inuing a civil ac-ion in a cour- o-her-han a 1anFru=-c cour- on a claiA agains- -he de1-or, . . . and such =eriod has no-e*=ired 1e/ore -he da-e o/ -he /iling o/ -he =e-i-ion, -hen such =eriod does no- e*=ireun-il -he la-er o/ S ! -he end o/ such =eriod, including an sus=ension o/ such=eriod occurring on or a/-er -he coAAenceAen- o/ -he caseL or + 3& das a/-er no-iceo/ -he -erAina-ion or e*=ira-ion o/ -he s-a under sec-ion 3+ . . . o/ -his -i-le . . . ;i-hres=ec- -o such claiA. !! .5.C. R !&$c 8ere, -he 1anFru=-c occurred 1e/ore -hee*=ira-ion o/ -he liAi-a-ions =eriod and, a- -ha- -iAe, B had -he righ- -o =ursueudicial /oreclosure. d. R !. -s a1ili- -o e*ercise -ha- righ- ;as /rus-ra-ed 1 -heau-oAa-ic s-a. 'ha- s-a =reven-ed B, -hen and -herea/-er, /roA e*ercising i-srigh- -o /oreclose 1 coAAenceAen- o/ a cour- ac-ion ;i-hin -he liAi-a-ions =eriod/i*ed 1 -he O1sole-e or-gages 5-a-u-e. 5ee Perr v. BluA, +9 ).3d !, !s- Cir.+&!& e*=laining -ha- -he au-oAa-ic s-a Aus- 1e li/-ed -o allo; /oreclosure -o=roceed. 'he 1o--oA line is -ha- -his case /alls squarel ;i-hin -he Aa; o/ !! .5.C.R !&$c. 'ha- -olling =rovision =reserves B>s o=-ion -o coAAence a udicial/oreclosure ac-ion un-il a/-er -he li/-ing o/ -he au-oAa-ic s-a. 5ee 5=ir-os v. orenon re 5=ir-os, ++! ).3d !&79, !&$&($! 9-h Cir. +&&&L or-on v. Na->l BanF o/N.6.C. n re or-on, $ ).+d %!, %%( +d Cir. !9$9L B )in., C v. +&!)ores- 5-., C n re +&! )ores- 5-., C, 4++ B.". $$$, $9% B..P. !s- Cir. +&!&.C"5' v. C"5' +4+ P.3d !&& +&!& Bar1ara avis C"5',Pe-i-ionerQ==ellee,v."o1er- vor ee C"5', "es=onden-Q==ellan-. No. ! C(C# &9(&4%. Cour- o/ ==eals o/ ri


7/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

Pe-i-ionerQ==ellee.(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( '8OP5ON,?udge. T ! ==ellan- "o1er- Cris-all "o1er- a==eals -he -rial cour->s denial o/ variousAo-ions con-es-ing -he validi- o/ a /oreign udgAen- en-ered and doAes-ica-ed inris e*aAina-ion. n =ril +&&$, an a--ornere=resen-ing Paragon sen- "o1er->s a--orne a le--er, ;hich s-a-ed, IJ=Klease /indenclosed a co= o/ -he assignAen- signed 1 Bar1ara Cris-all>s JsicK assigning herudgAen-s agains- our clien- -o Paragon.I T n )e1ruar +&&9, Bar1ara =e-i-ioned-he -rial cour- /or su==leAen-al =roceedings =ursuan- -o .".5. R !+(!3!, reques-ingan order ;hich ;ould require "o1er- -o Ia==ear and ans;er concerning his =ro=er-Ia- a J +4+ P.3d !&+ K de1-or>s e*aAina-ion. 'he -rial cour- en-ered an orderscheduling "o1er->s e*aAina-ion /or arch +4, +&&9, and "o1er- /iled an o1ec-ion."o1er- also /iled an o1ec-ion in =ril +&&9 -o Bar1ara>s =e-i-ion /or su==leAen-al=roceedings. T 7 na +&&9, "o1er- /iled a Ao-ion -o se- aside udgAen-, Ao-ion -o coA=el, and Ao-ion-o s-a en/orceAen- o/ -he udgAen-. 8e argued -he udgAen- ;as void 1ecauseBar1ara>s +&&+ and +&&7 rene;als ;ere un-iAel. 8e also alleged -ha- i/ Paragon ;as-he o;ner o/ -he udgAen-, no- Bar1ara, she -here/ore lacFed au-hori- -o rene; -heudgAen-. "o1er->s Ao-ion -o coA=el argued i- ;as Inecessar -o es-a1lish -he -rueo;ner o/ -he udgAen-,I and reques-ed -he cour- coA=el Paragon -o res=ond -o asu1=oena. 'he su1=oena sough- in/orAa-ion Irela-ed -o JParagon>sK acquisi-ion o/

- 7 -




8/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

andQor o1-aining an in-eres- in -he ?udgAen-,I coAAunica-ions 1e-;een Paragon andBar1ara, and IdocuAen-s evidencing an aAoun-s =aid or o-her considera-ion-rans/erred 1 JParagonK -o Bar1ara J K in e*change /or an in-eres- in -he ?udgAen-.IT $ 'he -rial cour- held oral arguAen- on ?une !%, +&&9. 'he -rial cour- denied "o1er->sAo-ions in ugus- +&&9, /inding Bar1ara -iAel rene;ed -he udgAen-s and -ha-

"o1er- I/ailed -o es-a1lish an credi1le issue ;i-h res=ec- -o -he righ- o/ JBar1araK -o=ursue collec-ion o/ -he udgAen-.I - /ur-her /ound "o1er- I/ailed -o sho; -ha-Paragon... =ossesses an in/orAa-ion Aa-erial -o -he issues raised 1 JBar1ara>sKcollec-ion e//or-s.I 'he cour- issued a signed order on 5e=-eA1er +4, +&&9, and denied"o1er->s Ao-ion /or reconsidera-ion. "o1er- /iled a -iAel a==eal. e have urisdic-ion=ursuan- -o .".5. RR !+(!+&.+!! and (+!&!B +&!&. . 05C55ON !.'iAeliness o/ rene;al T 9 "o1er- con-ends Bar1ara>s a//idavi-s o/ rene;al o/ -heudgAen- /iled in a +&&+ and =ril +&&7 ;ere un-iAel under ri


9/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

das =receding -he e*=ira-ion o/ /ive ears /roA -he da-e o/ en-r o/ such udgAen-.I.".5. R !+(!!+B. 5ec-ion !+(!%%!B siAilarl =rovides: n e*ecu-ion or o-her=rocess shall no- 1e issued u=on a udgAen- a/-er -he e*=ira-ion o/ /ive ears /roA -heda-e o/ i-s en-r unless -he udgAen- is rene;ed 1 a//idavi-... or an ac-ion is 1rough-on i- ;i-hin /ive ears /roA -he da-e o/ -he en-r o/ -he udgAen- or o/ i-s rene;al. T

!4 'he ris!997 o1ec-ion -o doAes-ica-ion o/ -he udgAen- asser-ed -ha- -he s-a-u-e o/ liAi-a-ionshad run. "o1er- =ur=or-edl /iled his o1ec-ion I=ursuan- -o .".5. R !+(!7&4C,I -he=rovision allo;ing /or a s-a o/ en/orceAen- o/ -he udgAen- un-il -;en- das a/-erAailing -he no-ice -o -he de1-or and /iling a =roo/ o/ Aailing ;i-h -he cour-. 'he -rialcour- considered -he =ar-ies> ;ri--en arguAen-s, conduc-ed a hearing and oralarguAen-, and -ooF -he Aa--er under adviseAen-. 'he cour- -hen overruled "o1er->so1ec-ion and doAes-ica-ed and en-ered -he udgAen- on a $, !997. T !$ "o1er->sreliance on Eschenhagen v. ZiFa, !44 ri5 5PPEEN' O'ON )O" 5"6 ?0@EN'0EB'



10/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

-he ini-ial /iling o/ -he udgAen- Iins-an-l crea-es a 'e*as udgAen- -ha- isen/orcea1le.I are v. Everes- @rou=, ..C., +3$ 5..3d $%%, $! 'e*.==.+&&7ci-ing oncrie/, $&% 5..+d a- ++L alnu- Equi=. easing v. u, 9+& 5..+d +$%,+$ 'e*.!99 /iling o/ /oreign udgAen- under E)? coA=rises 1o-h a =lain-i//>soriginal =e-i-ion and a /inal udgAen-. 5igni/ican-l, -he 'e*as version o/ -he E)?

has no =rovision coA=ara1le -o .".5. R !+(!7&4C s-aing en/orceAen- un-il-;en- das /roA -he da-e o/ /iling =roo/ o/ no-ice o/ Aailing or -o R 3c o/ -heni/orA c- delaing en/orceAen- /roA -he -iAe o/ /iling. T +& nder risE)?, a /oreign udgAen- /iled under R !+(!7&+ is no- ins-an-l en/orcea1le. 'heen/orcea1ili- o/ -he udgAen- is con-ingen- u=on -he credi-or>s coA=liance ;i-h -heno-ice and Aailing =rovisions o/ R !+(!7&3 and -he =assage o/ -;en- das -herea/-er.5ee .".5. R !+(!7&4C. "o1er->s /iling o/ an o1ec-ion is analogous -o /iling anans;er or res=onse con-es-ing -he doAes-ica-ion o/ -he udgAen-. )iling such ano1ec-ion =u- -he Aa--er a- issue, un-il -he -rial cour- resolved his o1ec-ion inBar1ara>s /avor and en-ered a /inal udgAen- on a $, !997. n o-her ;ords,doAes-ica-ion ;as con-es-ed un-il -he cour- de-erAined -he con-es- and direc-ed -he

clerF -o en-er udgAen-. nder -hese circuAs-ances, ;here an o1ec-ion ;as /iled andudgAen- ;as su1sequen-l en-ered, ;e hold -he /ive(ear =eriod in ;hich Bar1ara;as required -o rene; -he udgAen- under R !+(!!+ runs /roA -he da-e -he -rial cour-de-erAined -he o1ec-ion and -here1doAes-ica-ed and en-ered -he udgAen-. T +! e are a;are -ha- -his holding could 1econs-rued -o =erAi- -he da-e /roA ;hich rene;al is de-erAined -o 1e signi/ican-l la-er-han -he da-e on ;hich -he =ro=osed udgAen- ;as ini-iall su1Ai--ed /ordoAes-ica-ion. "o1er- asser-s =reudice and con/usion ;ill resul-. 'hose issues arelargel resolved i/ cons-rain-s are =laced on -he =eriod o/ -iAe in ;hich a udgAen-de1-or Aa o1ec- -o -he /iling.4 J +4+ P.3d !&% K T ++ Our conclusion -ha- -herene;al s-a-u-e does no- 1egin -o run un-il an o1ec-ion -o doAes-ica-ion is resolved isconsis-en- ;i-h -he general =rinci=le -ha- Iall udgAen-s 1ecoAe e//ec-ive u=on -heen-r o/ -he one las- in -iAe ;hich dis=oses o/ -he las- claiAI reAaining -o 1eadudica-ed. 8ill v. Ci- o/ Phoeni*, !93 ri


11/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

ris o1ec-ion -o su==leAen-al=roceedings, Bar1ara =resen-ed evidence -o -he -rial cour- o/ -he /ollo;ing: ! 1o-ha//idavi-s o/ rene;al /iled in +&&+ and +&&7 ;ere signed 1 Bar1araL + -here is norecord in -he cour- /ile o/ -he udgAen- 1eing -rans/erredL 3 all ac-ions in -he cour- /ileseeFing -o collec- -he udgAen- re/er -o Bar1ara as -he =e-i-ionerL and, 4 Paragon

never a==eared in -he case, in an ca=aci-. ean;hile, "o1er- relies on -he le--er/roA Paragon>s a--orne, in ;hich -he a--orne Aischarac-eris -rans/er o/ righ-s -o Paragon. Bar1ara>s signed declara-ion s-a-es -ha- she-rans/erred Iall collec-ion righ-sI in -he udgAen- -o Paragon, indica-ing -ha- she hadAerel au-horis

o;nershi= o/ -he udgAen-. e conclude -he -rial cour- did no- a1use i-s discre-ion indening "o1er->s Ao-ion -o coA=el. 3. Oral rguAen- T +7 )inall, "o1er- argues -he-rial cour- erred in dening his -hree Ao-ions ;i-hou- gran-ing his reques- /or oralarguAen-. i-hou- ci-ing legal au-hori-, he asser-s -he denial o/ oral arguAen-cons-i-u-es a denial o/ due =rocess. l-hough he acFno;ledges -he cour- heldarguAen- on ?une !%, +&&9, he coA=lains -ha- -his ;as insu//icien- 1ecause Bar1ara>sres=onsive =leadings ;ere /iled a/-er -he oral arguAen-. "o1er- argues -ha- ano-herhearing ;as necessar 1ecause he added addi-ional arguAen-s and 1ecause his originalarguAen-s ;hich -he -rial cour- had alread heard ;ere Ire/ined and aA=li/iedI inla-er(/iled Ao-ions. T +$ "o1er- relies on 6ava=ai Coun- ocal "ule +C, ;hich=rovides as /ollo;s: Oral rguAen-. ll reques-s /or oral arguAen- shall 1e Aade in;ri-ing 1 counsel a- -he -iAe o/ /iling such Ao-ion or ans;ering AeAoranduA ando==osi-ion AeAoranduA 1 =lacing 1enea-h -he -i-le o/ -he docuAen- -he /ollo;ing;ords: IOral rguAen- "eques-ed.I hen no J +4+ P.3d !& K reques- /or oralarguAen- is Aade, arguAen- shall no- 1e allo;ed and -he Cour- shall decide -heAo-ion u=on -he =oin-s and au-hori-ies ci-ed. Each side shall 1e allo;ed -en Ainu-es/or oral arguAen- e*ce=- ;hen addi-ional -iAe is reques-ed a- -he -iAe o/ /iling and;hen addi-ional -iAe is allo;ed 1 -he Cour-. T +9 ocal "ule +C, ho;ever, doesno- require -he -rial cour- -o hold oral arguAen- u=on reques-. Cour-s Aa ruleI;i-hou- oral hearing.I ris discre-ion. . CONC5ON T3& )or -he /oregoing reasons, ;e a//irA. CONC""N@: 0ONN 2E55E",Presiding ?udge, and 0NE . B"2E", ?udge.(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( )oo-no-es(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( !. nlesso-her;ise s=eci/ied, ;e ci-e -o -he curren- version o/ -he a==lica1le s-a-u-es 1ecause norevisions Aa-erial -o -his o=inion have since occurred. BacF -o "e/erence +. )oreignudgAen-s en-i-led -o doAes-ica-ion are de/ined as Ian udgAen-, decree, or order o/a cour- o/ -he ni-ed 5-a-es or o/ an o-her cour- ;hich is en-i-led -o /ull /ai-h and

- 11 -




12/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

credi- in -his s-a-e.I .".5. R !+(!7&!. BacF -o "e/erence 3. Bar1ara also asser-s -hedoc-rine o/ laches should 1ar "o1er->s claiA -ha- -he a//idavi-s ;ere un-iAel /iled1ecause he ;ai-ed un-il +&&9 -o a--acF -he validi- o/ -he +&&+ and +&&7 rene;ala//idavi-s. 'his arguAen- has no Aeri- 1ecause i- I;rongl =resu==oses -ha- audgAen- de1-or Aus- ac- -o =ro/i- /roA a udgAen- credi-or>s /ailure -o rene; a

udgAen-.I Cre v. Ed;ards, !7$ ris laches arguAen- ;here udgAen- de1-or sough- -o voidudgAen- on -iAeliness grounds eigh- ears a/-er credi-or =ur=or-edl rene;edudgAen-. BacF -o "e/erence 4. e do no- herein address ;he-her such an o1ec-ionAus- 1e /iled ;i-hin -he -;en-(da ;indo; under R !+(!7&3C. l-hough "o1er->so1ec-ion ;as /iled Aon-hs a/-er Bar1ara>s ini-ial /iling o/ -he /oreign udgAen-,Bar1ara did no- argue -ha- "o1er->s o1ec-ion ;as un-iAel. ccordingl, -ha- issue isno- =ro=erl 1e/ore us /or considera-ion on a==eal. s a =rac-ical Aa--er, ho;ever, ;eo1serve -ha- one reasona1le in-er=re-a-ion o/ R !+(!7&3 is -ha- -he udgAen- de1-orAus- -aFe Ia//irAa-ive ac-ionI 1 /iling an ans;er or res=onse ;i-hin -;en- das inorder -o no- onl =reven- en/orceAen- o/ -he udgAen-, 1u- also challenge

doAes-ica-ion o/ -he /oreign udgAen- under -he E)?. 5ee 0avis v. 0avis, %%$5o.+d $!4, $!9 iss. !99&L C/. 5Ai-h v. Ponderosa, !+% ris /iling o/ -he/oreign udgAen-, claiAing -he udgAen- ;as invalid. %%$ 5o.+d a- $!9. 'heississi==i 5u=reAe Cour- held -he /iling o/ -he ne; la;sui- ;as no- =ro=er or -iAelunder -he ississi==i E)?, ;hich =rovides /or a -;en-(da s-a o/ en/orceAen-,siAilar -o ris E)? =rovisions. 5ee id. 'he cour- reec-ed -he udgAen-de1-or>s a--eA=-ed Ires=onse,I e*=laining -ha- -he de1-or Ishould have -iAel /iled anans;er or res=onse -o J-he udgAen- credi-or>sK enrollAen- e//or-s ;i-hin +& das o/and /roA J-he da-e o/ /ilingK.I d. 77 ).+d $&+: n "e 0onn 2eA1le,0e1-or.=acFerland PacFing Co., nc., a isconsin Cor=ora-ion,=lain-i//(a==ellee, v.@ri//i-h BroFerage CoA=an, e- al., 0e/endan-s.anddonn 2eA1le, 0e/endan-(a==ellan- ore 5haring 5ervices5hare U 5hare on google1u


13/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

;hich -he -rans/erred cer-ain asse-s in viola-ion o/ securi- agreeAen-s ;i-hPacFerland. PacFerland sued 1o-h 2eA1le and-he @ri//i-hs in -he 0is-ric- Cour- o/ -he Cen-ral 0is-ric- o/ Cali/ornia. E*cer=- o/"ecord E.". a- !4&(43. On arch !, !9$+, PacFerland and -he @ri//i-hs en-eredin-o a se--leAen-. 4 On ?une 9, !9$+, udgAen- ;as en-ered agains- 2eA1le /or

conversion and /or cons=irac -o coAAi- a /raudulen- conveance. 'he cour- /ounddaAages o/ W337,&&& ;i-h a==ro*iAa-el W%,&&& in in-eres-. E.". a- !7&. ea//irAed -he -rial cour->s /inding o/ lia1ili- in Oc-o1er !9$3 1u- reAanded /or re-rialon -he daAages issue hereina/-er re/erred -o as -he IdaAages re-rialI. PacFerlandPacFing Co. v. @ri//i-h BroFerage Co., 7++ ).+d 74 9-h Cir.!9$3 AeA.. % Be/ore-his circui->s decision ;as rendered, ho;ever, 2eA1le /iled a volun-ar 1anFru=-c=e-i-ion ;i-h -he ni-ed 5-a-es BanFru=-c Cour- /or -he Cen-ral 0is-ric- o/ Cali/ornia.PacFerland /iled a coA=lain- in -he 1anFru=-c =roceeding seeFing a de-erAina-ion-ha- -he udgAen- 2eA1le o;ed -o PacFerland ;as no- dischargea1le in 1anFru=-chereina/-er re/erred -o as -he Idischargea1ili- ac-ionI.! n =ril !9$3, ;hile -hea==eal o/ -he dis-ric- cour- udgAen- ;i-h res=ec- -o daAages and in-eres- ;as s-ill

=ending 1e/ore -he Nin-h Circui-, PacFerland /iled a Ao-ion in -he dis-ric- cour- -o;i-hdra; re/erence o/ -he dischargea1ili- ac-ion /roA -he 1anFru=-c cour-. 'hedis-ric- cour- denied -ha- Ao-ion on ?une +7, !9$3. )roA ?anuar un-il =ril !9$4,-he =ar-ies =re=ared /or -he daAages re-rial in -he dis-ric- cour-. 2eA1le under-ooFsu1s-an-ial discover. 5ee E.". a- 347(49. 2eA1le also engaged in su1s-an-ialnego-ia-ion o/ a =re-rial con/erence order. 5ee id. a- 34$(49. On arch !4, !9$4, -he=ar-ies signed and /iled -ha- order. 'he case ;as se- /or -rial on =ril !7, !9$4. On=ril !+, 1o-h =ar-ies /iled -rial 1rie/s. 7 'hroughou- -he =re=ara-ions /or -rial 2eA1lee*hi1i-ed a -endenc -o ac- in a dila-or Aanner. )or e*aA=le, he de=osed a- leas- si*;i-nesses ;hoA he had alread de=osed in =re=ara-ion /or -he ini-ial -rial. 5ee id. a-347(49. lso he Aoved -he cour- -o reins-a-e as a de/endan- a Cali/ornia 1anF -ha- had1een disAissed /roA -he sui- =ursuan- -o a s-i=ula-ion 2eA1le had signed. 5ee id. a-344, 347. nd he re/used -o agree -o =ro=osals /or =re-rial con/erence orders 1ecause-he included s-i=ula-ed /ac-s /roA -he =re-rial con/erence order 2eA1le had signed1e/ore -he /irs- -rial. 5ee id. a- 34$(49. )inall, on =ril !&, us- seven das 1e/ore -hescheduled da-e /or -he daAages re-rial, 2eA1le reAoved -he re-rial /roA -he dis-ric-cour- -o -he 1anFru=-c cour-.+ $ On =ril !, one da 1e/ore -he scheduled -rial,PacFerland /iled an e* =ar-e a==lica-ion in -he dis-ric- cour- reques-ing ;i-hdra;al o/re/erence o/ -he daAages re-rial and also reques-ing relie/ /roA -he 1anFru=-c cour->sau-oAa-ic s-a -o =erAi- -he daAages re-rial -o go /or;ard. n addi-ion, -he e* =ar-ea==lica-ion reques-ed -he dis-ric- cour- -o reconsider i-s ?une +7, !9$3 denial o/PacFerland>s /irs- Ao-ion -o ;i-hdra; re/erence o/ -he dischargea1ili- ac-ion. On=ril !, 2eA1le>s counsel /or -he daAages re-rial in dis-ric- cour- ;as served ;i-hPacFerland>s a==lica-ion and in/orAed -ha- a hearing ;ould 1e held on -ha- a==lica-ionon -he /ollo;ing da, =ril !7. 2eA1le>s 1anFru=-c counsel, ;ho ;as handling -hedischargea1ili- ac-ion, ;as no- served ;i-h -he a==lica-ion, ho;ever. 9 On =ril !7,!9$4, -he dis-ric- cour- held -he hearing on PacFerland>s e* =ar-e a==lica-ion. 2eA1le,2eA1le>s 1anFru=-c counsel, and 2eA1le>s counsel /or -he daAages re-rial ;ere=resen-. 'he cour- gran-ed PacFerland>s a==lica-ion. 2eA1le>s a==eal /roA -ha- orderis 1e/ore -his cour-.3 !& ?"50C'ON !! NorAall ;e have urisdic-ion onl over

- 13 -




14/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

a==eals /roA /inal orders o/ dis-ric- cour-s. +$ .5.C. 5ec. !+9! !9$+.4 ha- ordersare /inal /or =ur=oses o/ -he s-a-u-e is no- al;as clear. 5ee 9 ?. oore, B. ard H ?.ucas, oore>s )ederal Prac-ice =aragra=hs !!&.&(.!3 +d ed. !9$% Jhereina/-erci-ed as oore>s )ederal Prac-iceKL !% C. righ-, . iller H E. Coo=er, )ederalPrac-ice and Procedure 5ecs. 39&%(39!9 !97 H 5u==.!9$% Jhereina/-er ci-ed as

righ-, iller H Coo=erK. 'he order in -his case is no- /inal ;i-hin -he ordinarAeaning o/ -he ;ord. 'he daAages re-rial reAains -o 1e conduc-ed anddischargea1ili- reAains -o 1e de-erAined. !+ 'he cour-s have recogni


15/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

leas- one circui- has /ound -his -=e o/ order -o 1e una==eala1le /or lacF o/ /inali-.5ee oral Cor=ora-ion v. c0onnell 0ouglas Cor=ora-ion, %%$ ).+d !!3&, !!3+ +dCir.!977. !$ ==ellan-s res- -heir claiA /or urisdic-ion on -he colla-eral orderdoc-rine ar-icula-ed in Cohen v. Bene/icial ndus-rial oan Cor=., 337 .5. %4!, 95.C-. !++!, 93 .Ed. !%+$ !949. Pro/essor righ- has sugges-ed -ha- -his rule has

/our requireAen-s: ! -ha- -he lo;er cour->s order is no- I >-en-a-ive, in/orAal orincoA=le-e> IL + -ha- -he Aa--er revie;ed 1e I >se=ara1le /roA, and colla-eral -o,righ-s asser-ed in -he ac-ion> IL 3 -ha- -here 1e a IrisF o/ iA=or-an- loss i/ =resen-revie; is no- availa1leIL and 4 -ha- -he Aeri-s o/ -he case involve I >a serious andunse--led ques-ion.> I !% righ-, iller H Coo=er = 39!!, a- 47&(7! !97 quo-ingCohen, 337 .5. a- %4(47, 9 5.C-. a- !++%(+. !9 ha-ever -he case ;i-h res=ec- -o-he /irs- -hree requireAen-s, i- is clear -ha- -his case canno- Aee- -he las- requireAen-,-ha- a case involve Ia serious and unse--led ques-ion.I 'he a==ellan- 1asicall asFs us-o revie; -he e*ercise o/ discre-ion 1 -he dis-ric- udge -o ;i-hdra; -he re/erence o/-he daAage re-rial and dischargea1ili- -o -he 1anFru=-c udge. Ordinaril ;e shouldno- use -he colla-eral order doc-rine -o e*aAine -he e*ercise o/ discre-ion 1 -rial

udges. 5ee id. a- 47!(7+. e agree ;i-h -he 0al-on cour-. 'here/ore, ;e do no- haveurisdic-ion over in-erlocu-or a==eals /roA orders ;i-hdra;ing re/erence o/ cases -o-he 1anFru=-c cour-. +& '8E E"'5 +! 'here e*is-s an e*ce=-ion -o -he a1ove=rinci=le 1ecause o/ CrocFer Na-ional BanF v. Aerican ariner ndus-ries, su=ra.e Aa revie; -he li/-ing o/ -he au-oAa-ic s-a even -hough -ha- ac-ion involves -hediscre-ion o/ -he dis-ric- cour-. e have held -ha- IdecisionJsK rela-ing -o -heau-oAa-ic s-a Aa 1e over-urned onl i/ -here is an a1use o/ discre-ion.I 'ucFer v.5aA1o>s "es-auran-s, nc. n re 5aA1o>s "es-auran-s, nc., 3$ B.". 74, 7% 9-hCir.B..P.!9$4. ++ 'he dis-ric- cour->s ac-ions in -his case clearl did no- cons-i-u-ean a1use o/ discre-ion. an cases have held -ha- a dis-ric- cour- Aa =ro=erlconsider -he /ac-or o/ udicial econoA in deciding ;he-her -o li/- an au-oAa-ic s-a.5ee 'ransaAerica nsurance Co. v. OlAs-ead n re OlAs-ead, &$).+d !3%, !3$ !&-h Cir.!979L 8arris v. )ideli- H 0e=osi- Co. n re 8arris, 7B.". +$4 5.0.)la.!9$&. 'he =rior e*-ensive =re=ara-ion /or -he daAages re-rial Aade=roceeding ;i-h -ha- -rial e//icien-. 'he decision -o li/- -he s-a could 1e u=held on -hisground alone. oreover, 2eA1le>s dila-or 1ehavior =ro=erl could have in/luenced-he cour->s decision. 5ee n re #ic-or Cons-ruc-ion Co., 9 B.". %49BanFr.C.0.Cal.!9$!L @rand 8udson Cor=. v. @5#C "es-auran- Cor=. n re @5#C"es-auran- Cor=., !& B.". 3&& 5.0.N.6.!9$&. +3 n Aan ;as i- is un/or-una-e-ha- -his a==eal ;as -aFen. e- us ho=e -ha- -his case can 1e concluded /or-h;i-h. +4))"E0 N P"', 0555E0 N P"'. ! s a general rule, a 1anFru=-c=roceeding discharges a de1-or>s lia1ili- on his de1-s. 5ee !! .5.C. 5ecs. 7+71,!!4!d!, !3+$a !9$+L 3 Collier on BanFru=-c = %+3.&! . 2ing !%-h ed.!9$% Jhereina/-er ci-ed as Collier>sK. 5ec-ion %+3, ho;ever, lis-s several e*ce=-ions -o-his rule. 'hese -=es o/ de1-s canno- 1e discharged in liquida-ion =roceedings undercha=-er 7 or in reorganis =lan under cha=-er !3. 5ee 3 Collier>s = %+3.&3.PacFerland claiAed -ha- i-s de1- /roA 2eA1le ;as nondischargea1le ei-her 1ecause i-;as I/or /raud or de/alca-ion ;hile ac-ing in a /iduciar ca=aci-,I !! .5.C. 5ec.%+3a4 !9$+, or 1ecause i- ;as I/or ;ill/ul and Aalicious inur 1 -he de1-or -o

- 15 -




16/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

ano-her en-i-,I id. 5ec. %+3a. 5ee E*cer=- o/ "ecord a- !& + nder BanFru=-c"ule 9&+7d, reAoval is Ie//ec-ed on -he /iling o/ a co= o/ -he reAoval a==lica-ion;i-h -he clerF o/ -he cour- /roA ;hich -he claiA or cause o/ ac-ion is reAoved. 'he=ar-ies shall =roceed no /ur-her in -ha- cour- unless and un-il -he claiA or cause o/ac-ion is reAanded.I n -he ;aFe o/ Nor-hern Pi=eline Cons-ruc-ion Co. v. ara-hon

Pi=e ine Co., 4%$ .5. %&, !&+ 5.C-. +$%$, 73 .Ed.+d %9$ !9$+ invalida-ing -heBanFru=-c c- o/ !97$ /or uncons-i-u-ionall delega-ing r-icle udicial =o;ers -onon(r-icle udges, -he rela-ion 1e-;een -he dis-ric- cour- and 1anFru=-c cour-;as res-ruc-ured. nder -he =os-(ara-hon =rocedure, all cases heard 1 -he non(r-icle 1anFru=-c udges ;ere held 1 delega-ion o/ -he urisdic-ion o/ -he r-icle 0is-ric- Cour- udges. ne; =rocedural rule allo;ed -his re/erence -o -aFe =laceau-oAa-icall. EAergenc n-eriA ocal "ule o/ -he ni-ed 5-a-es 0is-ric- Cour-,Cen-ral 0is-ric- o/ Cali/ornia, ocal "ules @overning BanFru=-c Cases andProceedings Jhereina/-er ci-ed as ara-hon "ulesK. ore iA=or-an- /or -his case, i-allo;ed -he dis-ric- cour- -o revoFe -hare/erence a- an -iAe. ara-hon "ule = c+. 3ean;hile, -he daAages re-rial has =roceeded. 'he dis-ric- cour- again en-ered

udgAen- agains- 2eA1le /or W33,&$!.!3 in daAages =lus W!7,!$.9% in in-eres-,a--orne>s /ees, and cos-s. 2eA1le>s a==eal /roA -ha- verdic- is 1e/ore ano-her =anel o/-his cour- in Case No. $4(!%! 4 'he Aaor e*ce=-ion -o -his rule is in +$ .5.C. 5ec.!+9+a! !9$+ allo;ing in-erlocu-or a==eals /roA inunc-ions. Nei-her =ar- hasargued -ha- -his sec-ion a==lies -o in-erlocu-or 1anFru=-c orders. oreover, -he onlcircui- cour- -ha- has addressed -his issue squarel reec-ed an such idea. 5ee @ro;-h"eal- CoA=anies v. "egenc oods =ar-Aen-s n re "egenc oods =ar-Aen-s,-d, $ ).+d $99, 9&! !!-h Cir.!9$+. e ;ill no- res- our urisdic-ion on -hisslender reed % 5ee, e.g., 2ase v. ol1denuA Cor=. o/ A., 4&$ ).+d !, !$ 9-hCir.!99L 9 oore>s )ederal Prac-ice = !!&.!3L !% righ-, iller H Coo=er 5ec.39!4, a- %47(%4$ !97. Bu- c/. Paci/ic Car H )oundr Co. v. Pence, 4&3 ).+d 949,9%+ 9-h Cir.!9$ e*-olling -he vir-ues o/ in-erlocu-or revie; o/ a venue -rans/erorderL gran-ing ;ri- o/ AandaAusL ni-ed 5-a-es v. BerFo;i-s la;sui- "evie; o/ -hese orders is availa1le,ho;ever, 1 ;ri- o/ AandaAus. O/ course -ha- ;ri- ;ill issue onl in cases ;here -heerror in -he -rial cour->s decision is o1vious. 5ee, e.g., Aerican )ideli- )ire ns. Co.v. ni-ed 5-a-es 0is-. Cour-, %3$ ).+d !37!, !374 9-h Cir.!97L Paci/ic Car H)oundr Co. v. Pence, 4&3 ).+d 949, 9%!(%+ 9-h Cir.!9$L oore>s )ederal Prac-ice= !!&.!3, a- !7%(77. ==ellan- has no- reques-ed such relie/ in -his case. ==elleeargues -ha- -he dis-ric- udge did no- even need -o li/- -he s-a. 8e argues -ha- -hedaAages re-rial ;as no Aore -han a de-erAina-ion o/ a claiA 1 -he udge handling -he1anFru=-c =roceedings, a rou-ine =roceeding in 1anFru=-c -ha- does no- viola-e -heau-oAa-ic s-a. Because -he udge>s ac-ion ;as so clearl no- an a1use o/ discre-ion,;e need no- address -his =oin- n 'he Cour- o/ ==eals )i/-h 0is-ric- o/ 'e*as a-0allas ............................ No. &%(&7(&&774(C# ............................ '8E C0ECOPN6, ==ellan- #. ?O BE'8 B''E"'ON ?EN2N5 Q2Q ?O BE'85C8''E"E", ==ellee ............................................................. On ==eal /roA-he !+nd ?udicial 0is-ric- Cour- 0allas Coun-, 'e*as 'rial Cour- Cause No. &(!&$!+( ............................................................. OPNON Be/ore ?us-ices orris,

- 16 -




17/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

)i-s =ersonalguaran- o/ cer-ain =roAissor no-es. 'he /irs- ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion ;as issued Gshor-la/-er rendi-ion, and -he udgAen- ;as assigned -o Cadle on ?une !+, !99+. 5oAe-iAein arch !994, Cadle rene;ed i-s udgAen- 1 causing -he second ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion

-o issue. n !99, ?enFins Aoved a;a /roA 'e*asL she ;as s-ill a1sen- /roA -he s-a-ea- -he -iAe -his sui- ;as /iled. On Oc-o1er !$, +&&, Cadle /iled i-s Plain-i//>s OriginalPe-i-ion -o "ene; ?udgAen-. ?enFins ans;ered, =leading -he a//irAa-ive de/ense o/s-a-u-e o/ liAi-a-ions, s=eciall e*ce=-ing, and Aoving -o disAiss on -he ground -ha--he a//irAa-ive de/ense o/ liAi-a-ions ;as es-a1lished on -he /ace o/ -he =e-i-ion. CadleaAended i-s =leading -o allege ?enFins resided in 'e*as a- -he -iAe she en-ered in-o -heguaran-, a- -he -iAe -he cause o/ ac-ion accrued, and a- -he -iAe -he udgAen- ;asrendered. 'he -rial cour- held a non(eviden-iar hearing on -he disAissal Ao-ion.?enFins argued Cadle>s sui- /or rene;al o/ i-s udgAen- ;as 1arred 1 liAi-a-ions.Based on -he da-es se- /or-h in Cadle>s =leading, ?enFins argued -he udgAen- had1ecoAe dorAan- in arch +&&4, -en ears a/-er i- ;as rene;ed 1 -he second ;ri- o/e*ecu-ion. Cadle -hen had -;o ears -o revive -he udgAen-, 1u- -ha- o==or-uni-e*=ired in arch +&&. 'hus, according -o ?enFins, ;hen Cadle 1rough- -his ac-ion inOc-o1er +&&, i- ;as -oo la-eL -he udgAen- could no- 1e revived. n res=onse, Cadleargued -he udgAen- had no- 1ecoAe dorAan- in +&&4. ns-ead, Cadle con-ended, -he-en(ear =eriod -o issue a ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion ;as -olled 1 ?enFins>s a1sence /roA -hes-a-e 1eginning in !99. 'hus, -here ;as no need -o revive -he udgAen-, and -herene;al claiA ;as no- -iAe(1arred. 'he -rial cour- signed -he Order disAissing Cadle>sclaiAs ;i-h =reudice. Cadle a==eals. n i-s second issue, 5ee )oo-no-e ! Cadleargues -he -rial cour- erred in de-erAining -he -en(ear =eriod -he civil =rac-ice andreAedies code =rovides -o o1-ain a ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion on a udgAen- ;as no- -olled 1?enFins>s a1sence /roA -he s-a-e. 'he code =rovides: No E*ecu-ion on 0orAan-?udgAen- a / a ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion is no- issued ;i-hin !& ears a/-er -he rendi-ion o/a udgAen- o/ a cour- o/ record or a us-ice cour-, -he udgAen- is dorAan- ande*ecu-ion Aa no- 1e issued on -he udgAen- unless i- is revived. 1 / a ;ri- o/e*ecu-ion is issued ;i-hin !& ears a/-er rendi-ion o/ a udgAen- 1u- a second ;ri- isno- issued ;i-hin !& ears a/-er issuance o/ -he /irs- ;ri-, -he udgAen- 1ecoAesdorAan-. second ;ri- Aa 1e issued a- an -iAe ;i-hin !& ears a/-er issuance o/-he /irs- ;ri-. 'e*. Civ. Prac. H "eA. Code nn. R 34.&&! #ernon !997. Cadle calls-he -en(ear =eriod iden-i/ied in sec-ion 34.&&! a GliAi-a-ions =eriod, as i- Aus- i/ -he

- 17 -




18/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

-olling =rovision i- relies on is -o a==l. 'ha- -olling =rovision =rovides: 'eA=orar1sence )roA 5-a-e 'he a1sence /roA -his 5-a-e o/ a =erson agains- ;hoA a cause o/ac-ion Aa 1e Aain-ained sus=ends -he running o/ -he a==lica1le s-a-u-e o/ liAi-a-ions/or -he =eriod o/ -he =erson>s a1sence. d. R !.&3. hen cons-ruing a s-a-u-e, ;e1egin ;i-h i-s language. 5-a-e v. 5huAaFe, !99 5..3d +79, +$4 'e*. +&&.

5-a-u-or cons-ruc-ion is a ques-ion o/ la;. d. / -he s-a-u-e is unaA1iguous, ;e a==li-s ;ords according -o -heir coAAon AeaningL ;e need no- looF -o rules o/cons-ruc-ion or e*-rinsic aids. d. e a==roach -he -;os-a-u-es a- issue, -hus, 1 looFing -o -heir coAAon or =lain Aeaning. On i-s /ace,sec-ion 34.&&! es-a1lishes -he li/e s=an o/ a udgAen- in 'e*as. nless -he udgAen- isrene;ed 1 -he issuance o/ a ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion, -ha- li/e s=an is -en ears, a/-er ;hich-he udgAen- 1ecoAes dorAan-. 'e*. Civ. Prac. H "eA. Code R 34.&&!a. 'he s-a-u-edoes no- liAi- -he nuA1er o/ -iAes a udgAen- de1-or Aa rene; i-s udgAen- 1o1-aining a ne; ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion. 5ee id. R 34.&&!1. Each rene;al =rovides /or -hesaAe s=an o/ -en ears during ;hich -he udgAen- de1-or Aa e*ecu-e on hisudgAen-. d. dorAan- udgAen- Aa 1e revived G1 scire /acias or 1 an ac-ion o/

de1- i/ -ha- ac-ion is 1rough- ;i-hin -;o ears o/ -he da-e -he udgAen- 1ecaAedorAan-. d. R 3!.&&. Bu- i/ -he udgAen- 1ecoAes dorAan- and no such revivalac-ion is /iled /or -;o ears, -he de1-or canno- e*ecu-e on -he udgAen-. d. R34.&&!a. 5ee )oo-no-e + 5ec-ion !.&3 addresses an en-irel di//eren- legalcircuAs-ance. - s=eaFs -o -he -iAe allo;ed a =o-en-ial =lain-i// -o 1ring sui- agains- a=erson Gagains- ;hoA a cause o/ ac-ion Aa 1e Aain-ained. d. R !.&3. 'he -iAeallo;ed is governed 1 -he relevan- s-a-u-e o/ liAi-a-ions /or -ha- cause o/ ac-ion.Pursuan- -o sec-ion !.&3, -he -iAe Aa 1e -olled, or sus=ended, ;hen -he =o-en-ialde/endan- is -eA=oraril a;a /roA -he s-a-e and, -here/ore, no- aAena1le -o service o/=rocess. - is a==aren- sec-ion !.&3 does no- a==l -o -oll -he -en(ear li/e s=an o/Cadle>s udgAen- in -his case. 5ec-ion !.&3 s=eaFs -o -he -olling o/ -he a==lica1leGs-a-u-e o/ liAi-a-ions. 'he -en( ear =eriod crea-ed 1 sec-ion 34.&&! is no- a Gs-a-u-eo/ liAi-a-ions ;i-hin -he coAAon Aeaning o/ -ha- -erA. - does no- =rescri1e -he -iAe=eriod during ;hich a =erson Aa 1ring sui- /or an accrued cause o/ ac-ion. 5ee, e.g.,'e*. Civ. Prac. H "eA. Code RR !.&&+ GOne(6ear iAi-a-ions Period, !.&!&Gisa==ro=ria-ion o/ 'rade 5ecre-s, !.&%! G"esidual iAi-a-ions Period.oreover, Cadle had a udgAen- agains- ?enFinsL i- did no- have a Gcause o/ ac-ion -oAain-ain agains- ?enFins. C/. id. R !.&3. )inall, ?enFins ;as no- -eA=oraril a1sen-/roA -he s-a-e as sec-ion !.&3 in-ends. 5ee )oo-no-e 3 'he -olling =rovision o/sec-ion !.&3 does no- a==l -o -he /ac-s o/ -his case. e discern no grounds /or -hee*=ansive reading o/ -hese s-a-u-es Cadle encourages us -o ado=- in -his case. Cadlerene;ed i-s udgAen- in !994, 1u- i- /ailed -o do so su1sequen-l. /-er arch +&&,Cadle>s udgAen- could no- 1e revived. 'he -rial cour- correc-l concluded sec-ion!.&3 did no- =reven- -he deAise o/ -he udgAen- in -his case. 5ee )oo-no-e 4 edecide Cadle>s second issue agains- i-. n i-s /irs- issue, Cadle argues -he -rial cour-erred in gran-ing -he Ao-ion -o disAiss 1ecause i- ;as =redica-ed on an a//irAa-ivede/ense. Cadle correc-l s-a-es a de/endan- Aus- =lead and =rove an a//irAa-ivede/ense. 5ee 'e*. ". Civ. P. 94 requireAen- o/ =leadingL see also 5-erner v.ara-hon Oil Co., 77 5..+d $, 9& 'e*. !9$9 1urden o/ =roo/. Cadlecon-ends ?enFins ;as no- en-i-led -o a udgAen- on -he =leadings in -his case 1ecause

- 18 -




19/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

-he eleAen-s o/ i-s a//irAa-ive de/ense required =roo/ o/ /ac-ual issues. Cadle does no-iden-i/ -he /ac-ual issues -ha- Aigh- de/ea- ?enFins>s de/ense. e conclude -he onl/ac-s necessar -o es-a1lish ?enFins>s de/ense as a Aa--er o/ la; ;ere undis=u-ed and;ere es-a1lished 1 Cadle>s o;n =leadings: -he da-e -he las- ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion ;asissued and -he da-e Cadle /iled -his ac-ion. Cadle>s =e-i-ion s-a-es -he las- ;ri- o/

e*ecu-ion ;as issued in arch !994. B o=era-ion o/ la;, -he udgAen- 1ecaAedorAan- in arch +&&4, and -he s-a-u-e o/ liAi-a-ions on a revival ac-ion ran in arch+&&. Cadle did no- /ile -his ac-ion un-il Oc-o1er +&&. 'hus, ;e conclude -he ac-ion;as -iAe(1arred. ?enFins has =roved her a//irAa-ive de/ense conclusivel 1ased onCadle>s o;n adAissions. 5ee )oo-no-e % e resolve Cadle>s /irs- issue agains- i- as;ell. Cadle has sho;n no a1use o/ discre-ion in -he -rial cour->s disAissal o/ i-s claiAsagains- ?enFins. e a//irA -he Order o/ -he -rial cour-. 2E""6 P. )'Z@E"0?5'CE &7&774).P&% )oo-no-e ! e address Cadle>s issues in reverse order. Cadle>ssecond issue challenges -he legal analsis underling ?enFins>s liAi-a-ions de/ense.Cadle>s /irs- issue requires iden-i/ica-ion o/ -he /ac-s necessar -o a==l -ha- legalanalsis i/ ;e a==rove i-. )oo-no-e + Cadle AaFes clear in i-s 1rie/ing i- Gis no-

seeFing -o revive a dorAan- udgAen-, 1u- ra-her -o declare an e*is-ing udgAen- asreAaining in /ull /orce and e//ec-. 'hus, Cadle does no- argue sec-ion !.&3o=era-es -o -oll -he s-a-u-e o/ liAi-a-ions on a revival ac-ion under sec-ion 3!.&&. C/.are v. Everes- @rou=, ..C., +3$ 5..3d $%%, $% 'e*. ==.(0allas +&&7, =e-.denied concluding sec-ion !.&3 does no- a==l -o -oll sec-ion 3!.&& revivalliAi-a-ions =eriod ;hen /ac-s o/ case do no- re/lec- =ur=ose o/ -olling =rovision.)oo-no-e 3 Cadle concedes sec-ion !.&3 does no- generall a==l -o non(residen-s,1u- i- argues /or various e*ce=-ions -o -ha- rule. 'hese Ge*ce=-ions onl underscore-he /ac- -ha- sec-ion !.&3 deals ;i-h -he =eriod availa1le -o 1ring sui-, no- -o rene; audgAen-. 5ee, e.g., 8o;ard v. )ies-a 'e*. 5ho; ParF, nc., 9$& 5..+d 7!, 7++'e*. ==.(5an n-onio !99$, =e-. denied =rovision in-ended -o 1ene/i- doAes-iccredi-ors /roA Gindividuals ;ho en-er 'e*as, con-rac- a de1-, de=ar-, and -hen de/aul-on -he de1-. B Cadle>s o;n adAission, ?enFins did no- leave 'e*as un-il soAe-;elve ears a/-er her de1- ;as reduced -o udgAen-. )oo-no-e 4 On a==eal, Cadleargues i- could no- rene; i-s udgAen- 1ecause o/ a legal iA=ediAen-, i.e., -heina1ili- -o e*ecu-e ;hen ?enFins ;as ou- o/ -he s-a-e and o;ned no =ro=er- in -hes-a-e. Cadle did no- raise -his coA=lain- in -he -rial cour- and has no- =reserved i- /orour revie;. 5ee 'e*. ". ==. P. 33.!a. )oo-no-e % n i-s re=l 1rie/, Cadle sugges-s i-should have 1een given an o==or-uni- -o re=lead 1e/ore ?e'he 'e*as udgAen- ;as no- revived a/-er i- -urned !& ears old. 5o, -he dversarProceeding should 1e disAissed and -he o-ion -o i/- -he 5-a should 1e denied.'e*as Civil Prac-ice H "eAedies Code ( 5ec-ion 34.&&!. No E*ecu-ion On 0orAan-?udgAen-. R 34.&&!. NO EXEC'ON ON 0O"N' ?0@EN'. a / a ;ri- o/e*ecu-ion is no- issued ;i-hin !& ears a/-er -he rendi-ion o/ a udgAen- o/ a cour- o/record or a us-ice cour-, -he udgAen- is dorAan- and e*ecu-ion Aa no- 1e issued on-he udgAen- unless i- is revived. 1 / a ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion is issued ;i-hin !& earsa/-er rendi-ion o/ a udgAen- 1u- a second ;ri- is no- issued ;i-hin !& ears a/-erissuance o/ -he /irs- ;ri-, -he udgAen- 1ecoAes dorAan-. second ;ri- Aa 1eissued a- an -iAe ;i-hin !& ears a/-er issuance o/ -he /irs- ;ri-. c-s !9$%, 9-heg., ch. 9%9, R !, e//. 5e=-. !, !9$%.

- 19 -




20/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

Nevada>s /oreign udgAen- ac- requires a cer-ain cer-i/ica-ion, and Cadle>slacFs i-. looF a- -he Nevada cer-i/ica-e o/ service and revie; o/ 2eller>s -henaddress reveals a siAilar /la; in Cadle>s sui-.ha- ;as -he us-i/ia1le reliance. ha- ;as -he s-a-e la; ;hich iA=osed a /iduciardu- 1e-;een -he =ar-ies, ;hich is a =re(requisi-e -o a4 Cadle Co. sui- should 1e

disAissed in ligh- o/ i-s /ailure -o so ar-icula-e such a 1asis. de1- 1uer can>- =roveus-i/ia1le reliance. Plain-i// Cadle CoA=an>s arguAen- is dead on -he colla-eral es-o==el 1i-unless -he !99% s-i=ula-ion con/essed a /ac-ual 1asis /or /raud, ;hich is cer-ainl doesno-. 'his is ;h Cadle>s a--orne Aus- AaFe Aincing Aen-ions o/ -he case 1eingGli-iga-ed u= un-il -he eve o/ -rial and 2eller>s Glia1ili- 1eing clear and going in-o;ha- ;as =led in -he 'ravis Coun- CoA=lain- agains- 2eller>s 1usiness =ar-ners,ra-her -han agains- 2eller, and ra-her -han adAi--ing -ha- 2eller adAi--ed -o no-hing,and cer-ainl no- going in-o -he /ac- -ha- -here is Auch evidence -o sugges- -ha- -he'ravis Coun- =rosecu-or e*=lained -o 2eller and his -hen a--orne, @ordon Bro;n,-ha- -he 5-a-e o/ 'e*as ;ould never a--eA=- -o collec-d on -he s-i=ula-ed udgAen-, e-c.

5andoval ;hich is +3+ P.3d 4++. ->s -he ac-uall li-iga-ed case -ha- is sodisadvan-ageous -o Cadle Co. here.n +&& in ashoe 0is-ric- Cour-, Cadle CoA=an u-ilis/or1id -his, -here is no GAinis-erial ac- e*ce=-ion. Non(la;ers generall Aa no- re=resen- ano-her =erson or an en-i- in a cour-o/ la;. "o;land v. Cali/ornia en>s Colon, %& .5. !94, +&!(&3, !!3 5.C-. 7!,7+!, !+! .Ed.+d % !993. 5oAe cour-s have allo;ed non(la;ers -o re=resen-sen-i-ies in cour- under cer-ain circuAs-ances. 5ee, e.g., #erAon- N" v. ==er#alle "eg. and/ill, !%9 #-. 4%4, +! .+d ++%, ++$ !99+. 'his cour-, ho;ever,has J!!+ Nev. %43K consis-en-l required a--ornes -o re=resen- o-her =ersons anden-i-ies in cour-. 5alAan v. Ne;ell, !!& Nev. !333, $$% P.+d &7 !994L Pioneer'i-le v. 5-a-e Bar, 74 Nev. !$, !$9(9&, 3+ P.+d 4&$, 4!& !9%$L see also N"57.+$% no =erson allo;ed -o =rac-ice la; in Nevada unless adAi--ed -o 5-a-e Bar.5ound =olic reasons su==or- requiring en-i-ies -o 1e re=resen-ed onl 1 licensedcounsel:J'he reasonsK are =rinci=all -ha- -he conduc- o/ li-iga-ion 1 a nonla;er crea-esunusual 1urdens no- onl /or -he =ar- he re=resen-s 1u- as ;ell /or his adversaries and-he cour-. 'he la li-igan- /requen-l 1rings =leadings -ha- are a;F;ardl dra/-ed,Ao-ions -ha- are inar-icula-el =resen-ed, =roceedings -ha- are needlesslAul-i=lica-ive. n addi-ion -o lacFing -he =ro/essional sFills o/ a la;er, -he lali-igan- lacFs Aan o/ -he a--orne>s e-hical res=onsi1ili-ies, e.g. -o avoid li-iga-ingun/ounded or ve*a-ious claiAs. 9!% P.+d +9$, !!+ Nev. %4!, 5unde v. Con-el o/Cali/ornia, Nev. !99L 9!% P.+d +99.

'he 'e*as udgAen- ;as no- revived a/-er i- -urned !& ears old. 5o, -he dversar

Proceeding should 1e disAissed and -he o-ion -o i/- -he 5-a should 1e denied. 'e*as Civil

- 20 -




21/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

Prac-ice H "eAedies Code ( 5ec-ion 34.&&!. No E*ecu-ion On 0orAan- ?udgAen-. R 34.&&!. NO

EXEC'ON ON 0O"N' ?0@EN'. a / a ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion is no- issued ;i-hin !& ears

a/-er -he rendi-ion o/ a udgAen- o/ a cour- o/ record or a us-ice cour-, -he udgAen- is dorAan- and

e*ecu-ion Aa no- 1e issued on -he udgAen- unless i- is revived. 1 / a ;ri- o/ e*ecu-ion is issued

;i-hin !& ears a/-er rendi-ion o/ a udgAen- 1u- a second ;ri- is no- issued ;i-hin !& ears a/-er

issuance o/ -he /irs- ;ri-, -he udgAen- 1ecoAes dorAan-. second ;ri- Aa 1e issued a- an -iAe

;i-hin !& ears a/-er issuance o/ -he /irs- ;ri-. c-s !9$%, 9-h eg., ch. 9%9, R !, e//. 5e=-. !, !9$%.

Nevada>s /oreign udgAen- ac- requires a cer-ain cer-i/ica-ion, and Cadle>s lacFs i-. looF a-

-he Nevada cer-i/ica-e o/ service and revie; o/ 2eller>s -hen address reveals a siAilar /la; in Cadle>ssui-.

ha- ;as -he us-i/ia1le reliance. ha- ;as -he s-a-e la; ;hich iA=osed a /iduciar du-

1e-;een -he =ar-ies, ;hich is a =re(requisi-e -o a4 Cadle Co. sui- should 1e disAissed in ligh- o/

i-s /ailure -o so ar-icula-e such a 1asis. de1- 1uer can>- =rove us-i/ia1le reliance.

Plain-i// Cadle CoA=an>s arguAen- is dead on -he colla-eral es-o==el 1i- unless -he !99%

s-i=ula-ion con/essed a /ac-ual 1asis /or /raud, ;hich is cer-ainl does no-. 'his is ;h Cadle>s

a--orne Aus- AaFe Aincing Aen-ions o/ -he case 1eing Gli-iga-ed u= un-il -he eve o/ -rial and

2eller>s Glia1ili- 1eing clear and going in-o ;ha- ;as =led in -he 'ravis Coun- CoA=lain- agains-

2eller>s 1usiness =ar-ners, ra-her -han agains- 2eller, and ra-her -han adAi--ing -ha- 2eller adAi--ed -o

no-hing, and cer-ainl no- going in-o -he /ac- -ha- -here is Auch evidence -o sugges- -ha- -he 'ravis

Coun- =rosecu-or e*=lained -o 2eller and his -hen a--orne, @ordon Bro;n, -ha- -he 5-a-e o/ 'e*as

;ould never a--eA=- -o collec-d on -he s-i=ula-ed udgAen-, e-c. 5andoval ;hich is +3+ P.3d 4++. ->s

-he ac-uall li-iga-ed case -ha- is so disadvan-ageous -o Cadle Co. here.

- 21 -




22/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

n +&& in ashoe 0is-ric- Cour-, Cadle CoA=an u-ilis /or1id -his, -here is no

GAinis-erial ac- e*ce=-ion.

Non(la;ers generall Aa no- re=resen- ano-her =erson or an en-i- in a cour- o/ la;.

"o;land v. Cali/ornia en>s Colon, %& .5. !94, +&!(&3, !!3 5.C-. 7!, 7+!, !+! .Ed.+d %

!993. 5oAe cour-s have allo;ed non(la;ers -o re=resen-s en-i-ies in cour- under cer-ain

circuAs-ances. 5ee, e.g., #erAon- N" v. ==er #alle "eg. and/ill, !%9 #-. 4%4, +! .+d ++%

++$ !99+. 'his cour-, ho;ever, has J!!+ Nev. %43K consis-en-l required a--ornes -o re=resen-

o-her =ersons and en-i-ies in cour-. 5alAan v. Ne;ell, !!& Nev. !333, $$% P.+d &7 !994L Pioneer 'i-le v. 5-a-e Bar, 74 Nev. !$, !$9(9&, 3+ P.+d 4&$, 4!& !9%$L see also N"5 7.+$% no

=erson allo;ed -o =rac-ice la; in Nevada unless adAi--ed -o 5-a-e Bar.

5ound =olic reasons su==or- requiring en-i-ies -o 1e re=resen-ed onl 1 licensed counsel:

J'he reasonsK are =rinci=all -ha- -he conduc- o/ li-iga-ion 1 a nonla;er crea-es unusual 1urdens

no- onl /or -he =ar- he re=resen-s 1u- as ;ell /or his adversaries and -he cour-. 'he la li-igan-

/requen-l 1rings =leadings -ha- are a;F;ardl dra/-ed, Ao-ions -ha- are inar-icula-el =resen-ed,

=roceedings -ha- are needlessl Aul-i=lica-ive. n addi-ion -o lacFing -he =ro/essional sFills o/ a

la;er, -he la li-igan- lacFs Aan o/ -he a--orne>s e-hical res=onsi1ili-ies, e.g. -o avoid li-iga-ing

un/ounded or ve*a-ious claiAs. 9!% P.+d +9$, !!+ Nev. %4!, 5unde v. Con-el o/ Cali/ornia, Nev.

!99L 9!% P.+d +99.

Con-rar -o =lain-i//>s asser-ions, i- is no- a- all clear -ha- -he +&& ashoe 0is-ric- Cour- case

accoA=lished ;ha- =lain-i// sas i- accoA=lished, 1u- ra-her, 2eller>s o-ion -o 0isAiss, ci-ing -he

Cadle Co., a cor=ora-ion>s, /ailure -o hire an a--orne -o =er/orA -he ac- o/ /iling -o regis-er -he

- 22 -




23/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

/oreign udgAen-, and -he N"CP !! requireAen-s no- Ae-, =reven- li/-ing -he s-a and AaFe an

such li/-ing and su1sequen- a--eA=-s 1 Cadle -o rene; liFel /u-ile.

=on -he /iling o/ a =e-i-ion /or relie/ under -he 1anFru=-c code, =ar-ies are s-aed /roA

=roceeding ;i-h ac-ions under-aFen =rior -o /iling. !! .5.C. R3+a!,3. c-ions -aFen during

-he s-a ;ould 1e void unless -he s-a is li/-ed. n "e 5ch;ar


24/24

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

CE"')C'E O) 5E"#CE N0 N@

8E"EB6 CE"')6 -ha- on -his '85 0'E a -rue and correc- co= o/ -he /oregoing,docuAen-,;as /iled ;i-h -he CQEC) ss-eA, ;hich -here1 caused -he a1ove -o 1e servedelec-ronicall on all regis-ered users o/ -he CQEC) ss-eA ;ho have /iled no-ices o/ a==earance in

-his Aa--er. /ur-her cer-i/ -ha- -he /oregoing ;as served via /irs- class Aail, =os-age(=re=aid andaddressed as /ollo;s:

C8E P. OM"O"2E, E5D.Nevada Bar No. 74OM"O"2E @"OP, PC$&& )i/-h venue, 5ui-e 4!&&5ea--le, ashing-on 9$!&4'ele=hone: +& 477(!47%)acsiAile: +& 47&(!!%&

orourFela;grou=YgAail.coAB"N ?. 5'8, E5D.Nevada Bar No. !!+79O/ Counsel -o OM"O"2E @"OP, PC7&& 5ou-h 'hird 5-ree-as #egas, Nevada $9!&!'ele=hone: 7&+ 3$&($+4$)acsiAile: 7&+ 3$+(7%9%--ornes /or Plain-i//

0'E0 -his ?NE 9, +&!+

QsQ Zach Coughlin

Zach Coughlin, Esq. --orne /or 0e/endan-Q0e1-or 2eller

24

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

Date post:	14-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	nevadagadfly
View:	218 times
Download:	0 times

6 9 12 0204 10-05104 - Filing 68 Supplemental Motion for Summary Judgment

Documents