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8/12/2019 6- Integrated Pest Managment
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Integrated PestIntegrated Pest
ManagementManagement(IPM)(IPM)
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM):Integrated Pest Management (IPM):
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a decision makingapproach to pest management that involves knowing thecrop, pest, ecosystem, and the relationship between thesecomponents. IPM focuses on long-term managementstrategies including biological control, cultural manipulation,
and using resistant varieties.
A pest management philosophy that utilizes all suitable pestmanagement techniues and methods to keep pest populationsbelow economicall! in"urious levels.
#ach pest management techniue must be environmentall!sound and compatible with producer ob"ectives.
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A pest management philosophyA pest management philosophy
$ecognizes that there is no %ure-all in pest control.
&ependence on an! one pest management method will have
undesirable effects.
&etermine and correct the cause of the pest problem.
'nderstanding pest biolog! and ecolog! is essential.
Manipulate the environment to the crops advantage and to
the detriment of the pest.
$ecognizes that eradication of a pest is seldom necessar! oreven desirable, and generall! not possible.
ome damage is unavoidable and acceptable
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IPM is a continuum, not an endIPM is a continuum, not an end
PoorPoor
*air*air
+ood+ood
etteretter
estest
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!earning "b#ecti$es!earning "b#ecti$es
%reate an understanding of IPMImportance of IPM to ProducersImportance of IPM to the environment
Importance of IPM to human health and safet!IPM strategiesdvantages and limitations to IPM
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Pest Management %acticsPest Management %actics
Pesticides %hemical control%ultural controlPh!sical and Mechanical controlanitar! control/atural controliological control0ost Plant $esistance
&"%': ome tactics all into se$eral categories
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Pesticides * +hemical controlPesticides * +hemical control
Pesticides %hemicals can be used in an IPM program,however onl! as a last resort and of course in a manner that islegal.
Pesticides are to be used when there is no risk ofenvironmental damage or when benefits outweigh the risks.
Monitoring pest populations in the field1...
Identif! the pest%ompare pest population and the economic threshold2ife stage susceptible to pesticide%rop stage and preventable loss
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+ultural +ontrol+ultural +ontrol
gronomic practices that are designed to34ptimize growing conditions for the crop.
5o increases a crops competitive edge which will result in
increased tolerance to pests often resulting in reduced
pesticide use.
%reate unfavorable conditions for the pest
Methods of pest control such as improving
ventilation to prevent attack b! termites or
improving h!giene and sanitation measures toreduce the risk of cockroach infestation should
alwa!s be undertaken, where possible, to make
conditions less favorable for pests.
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Physical Mechanical +ontrolPhysical Mechanical +ontrol
'ses machiner! andor other tools to control pestsPhysical barriers
%illage(+utting-+runching-Milling-.eating-/ebound)
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anitary +ontrolanitary +ontrol
Methods to avoid introducing a pest into a field%leaning field euipment
Planting certified seed
6uarantines
state, period or place of
isolation in which people or
animals that have been e7posed
to infectious or contagious
disease are placed.
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&atural +ontrol&atural +ontrol
#nhancement of naturall! occurring pest management
methods eneficial insects
eneficial microbes
Manipulation of biological organism to control pests
$elease of predatorsparasitesdisease of an insect or weed
%an be time consuming, e7pensive and difficult
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0ost Plant /esistance0ost Plant /esistanceManipulating the crop to withstand or tolerate pests/atural breeding method
+eneticall! modified plants
/ot a permanent method of control
#7amples3 +landular-haired lfalfa, t %orn
Bacillus thuringiensis
+ram-positive, soil-dwelling
bacterium, commonl! used as a
biological pesticide.
Gram-positive bacteria are
those that are stained dark blue
or violet b! +ram staining.
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'conomic In#ury !e$el'conomic In#ury !e$el
1eep pests below economic in#ury le$el'conomic In#ury !e$el:
+ost o control 2 Amount in rupees o damage caused by thepest Includes amount o pest damage
+ost o each control practice
+an be determined through e3tensi$e research
'conomic In#ury !e$el is the inormation that is necessary to
de$elop an 'conomic %hreshold, which is used by cropad$isors
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'conomic %hreshold'conomic %hreshold
5he densit! of a pest at which a control treatmentwill provide an economic return.Pest Population at which a grower must take action
to prevent a pest populations from reaching the
economic in"ur! level (#I2)'conomic threshold ('%) is slightly below the economic
in#ury le$el
Pest populations must be increasing
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Multidisciplinary ApproachMultidisciplinary Approach
A multi disciplinary approach to pestmanagement'ntomology
Plant Pathology
&ematology
4eed cience
+rop ciences (0orticulture*Agronomy)
oil cience
'cology
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IPM is not staticIPM is not static
&ew pestsoybean aphids * bean lea beetle
&ew races *strains o pests4estern corn rootworm
4eed species shits/oundup ready technology(5enetically Modiied Plants %echnology)
%illage systemPesticide resistance+olorado Potato .eetle
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6our .asic Principles o IPM6our .asic Principles o IPM 7nderstanding o the crop, pest, their en$ironment and
their inter relationships Ad$anced planning .alanced cost * beneits o all control practices /outine monitoring o crop and pest conditions
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7nderstanding +rop 5rowth and 8e$elopment7nderstanding +rop 5rowth and 8e$elopment
0ow to grow a healthy cropPotential pests o the crop4hen is the crop most susceptible to pest damage4hen is the crop under stress
Proper Identiication7nderstanding o Pest !ie cycle
4hen it is present4hen it is most susceptible to control
7nderstanding the Pest7nderstanding the Pest
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0ow does it aect crop growthtress
%ime within susceptible stage0ow it aects pest de$elopment
0igh mortality0igh sur$i$al
7nderstanding the 'n$ironment7nderstanding the 'n$ironment
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Protects en$ironment through elimination o unnecessary pesticideapplications
Impro$es Proitability /educes risk o crop loss by a pest Peace o Mind
Ad$antages o IPM ProgramAd$antages o IPM Program
8isad$antages8isad$antages /e9uires a higher degree o management
uccess can be weather dependent More labor intensi$e