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DR.MOHAMMED SHAMIAH M.S.C. OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY Panorama Anatomical Landmarks
DR.MOHAMMED SHAMIAH
M . S . C . O F O R A L & M A X I L L O F A C I A L S U R G E R Y
ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY
Panorama Anatomical Landmarks
NORMAL ANATOM IC LANDMARKS
I. Bony Landmarks of Maxilla, Mandible
and Surrounding Structures.
II. Air spaces seen on panoramic images.
III. Soft tissue seen on panoramic images.
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I. BONY LANDMARKS OF MAXILLA, MANDIBLE AND SURROUNDING
STRUCTURES
• Mastoid process
• Styloid process • External auditory meatus • Glenoid fossa • Articular eminence • Lateral pterygoid plate
• Pterygomaxillary fissure • Maxillary tuberosity • Infraorbital foramen • Orbit
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• Incisive canal • Incisive foramen • Anterior nasal spine • Nasal cavity • Nasal septum • Hard palate • Maxillary sinus and floor of the maxillary sinus • Zygomatic process of the maxilla • Zygoma • Hamulus
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MANDIBLE
• Mandibular condyle
• Coronoid notch
• Coronoid process
• Mandibular foramen
• Lingula
• Mandibular canal
• Mental foramen
• Mental ridge
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• Mental fossa
• Lingual foramen
• Genial tubercles
• Inferior border of the mandible
• Mylohyoid ridge
• Internal oblique ridge
• External oblique ridge
• Angle of the mandible
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II. AIR SPACES SEEN ON PANORAMIC IMAGES
• Palatoglossal air space
• Nasopharyngeal air space
• Glossopharyngeal air space
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III.SOFT TISSUES SEEN ON PANORAMIC IMAGES
• Tongue
• Soft palate and uvula
• Lipline
• Ear
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24 23
28
27
18
17
19 14
13 15
20
8
10
9 7
29
37
38
33
30
39
3
5
11
21
6
1
12 16
31
32 25
4
26
34
35
36
22
2
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47
45
46
43
44
42
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Panoramic Anatomy Key 1. maxillary sinus
2. pterygomaxillary fissure
3. pterygoid plates 4. hamulus 5. zygomatic arch
6. articular eminence 7. zygomaticotemporal suture 8. zygomatic process
9. external auditory meatus 10. mastoid process
11. middle cranial fossa 12. lateral border of the orbit 13. infraorbital ridge
14. infraorbital foramen 15. infraorbital canal 16. nasal fossa
17. nasal septum 18. anterior nasal spine
19. inferior concha 20. incisive foramen 21. hard palate
22. maxillary tuberosity 23. condyle 24. coronoid process
25. sigmoid notch 26. medial sigmoid depression 27. styloid process
28. cervical vertebrae 29. external oblique ridge 30. mandibular canal
31. mandibular foramen 32. lingula
33. mental foramen 34. submandibular gland fossa 35. internal oblique ridge
36. mental fossa 37. mental ridges 38. genial tubercles
39. hyoid bone 40. tongue
41. soft palate 42. uvula 43. posterior pharyngeal wall
44. ear lobe 45. glossopharyngeal air space 46. nasopharyngeal air space
47. palatoglossal air space 11 Dr.Mohammed Shamiah
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33
25 5
28
9 12
14
18
17
19
22
13
7
6
39
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8
20
11 15
1 16
3
30
44
32 23
2
31
26
34
24
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• A= Infraorbital rim
• B= Zygomatic process of maxilla
• C= Condyle
• D= Coronoid process 23 Dr.Mohammed Shamiah
• A= Common nasal meatus
• B= Inferior nasal concha
• C= Hard palate
• D= Superior border of the tongue 24 Dr.Mohammed Shamiah
• A= Nasal septum
• B= Hyoid bone
• C= Zygomatic process of temporal bone
• D= Inferior nasal meatus 25 Dr.Mohammed Shamiah
• A= Posterior wall of maxillary sinus
• B= Hard palate
• C= Soft palate
• D= Maxillary tuberosity 26 Dr.Mohammed Shamiah
• A= Inferior border of mandibular canal
• B= Left maxillary sinus
• C= Ear lobe
• D= Mental foramen 27 Dr.Mohammed Shamiah
A. Articular eminence B. Sigmoid notch C. Shadow of contralateral mandible
D. Glenoid fossa E. Posterior border of ramus F. Inferior border of mandible
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•Thank you
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