6 th Period Review. Colonial History Jamestown: first successful English colony. Created by the...

6th Period Review

Colonial History• Jamestown: first successful English colony. Created by the Virginia Company of

London• Virginia House of Burgesses: Created by the Virginia Company in an effort to

encourage craftsmen to settle in the area• Mayflower Compact: document signed before leaving the boat. It was a set of rules

and regulations that everybody agreed upon and the first piece of legislation in the new world

• Harvard: focused on religion • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut: had the features of a constitution and the first

document of its kind in the new world• Massachusetts Education Law: first step to government directed public education• Maryland Act of Toleration: a law that forced religious toleration among the Christian

sects in Maryland• Bacon’s Rebellion: a revolt because the colonists didn’t appreciate the tolerance of

the Indians• Zenger Trial: established freedom of the press• French and Indian War: the French fought the British• Treaty of Paris: Ended the French Indian war and established the boundary

Appalachia

1789• January 7 the first presidential election was held– George Washington won

the election and was sworn into office April 30, 1789• January 21 First American novel The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of

Nature Founded in Truth printed in Boston • January 23 Georgetown University was founded in Washington DC ,

became the first Catholic college in the United States • March 4 1st United States Congress announces United States Constitution

to be in effect• April 21 John Adams took office as Vice President of United States• August 7 Department of War started• August 21 proposal for the Bill of Rights is adopted by the House of

Representatives• Judiciary act of 1789 established the federal judiciary and the United States

Marshall Service• Congress wanted to add a 12th amendment, the first ten created the Bill of

Rights• Started National army

1793• February 25 first Presidential Cabinet meeting held• Giles resolutions are introduced in the House of Representatives

asking the House to condemn Alexander Hamilton’s handling of loans

• March 4 George Washington sworn into office in Philadelphia for his second term

• April 22 George Washington signed Neutrality Proclamation• Philadelphia, Pennsylvania over 4,000 people died of yellow fever

1797• March 4 John Adams signed in as second president• XYZ affair created more tension between France and the United

States• First ship of the United States Navy the USS United States is

commissioned

1803

Wars 1865-1975• 1865: End of the Civil War General Lee surrendered at Petersburg and ended the

Civil War.• 1898: Start of the Spanish American War: Caused by American intervention in the

Cuban War of Independence. Led to the Philippine-American War.• 1917: America Declares War on Germany: United States makes an entrance to

World War I on side of the allies.• 1918: Allied Victory of WW I: Germany defeated in 1918• 1941: U.S. Entrance to WWII: Japanese Attack Pearl Harbor, led to U.S. joining Ally

powers.• 1945: End of WWII: Allied Powers defeat Axis powers. Japan and Germany defeated.• 1950:Korean War Begins: U.S. and UN assist in Korea to prevent the growth of

Communist Power• 1953: Armistice in Korea: Korea and the United States agreed on a ceasefire in

Korea.• 1954: 1954 Accords: France backs out of Vietnam to be replace with the U.S.• 1973: U.S. backs out of Vietnam: Nixon orders to cease combat by U.S. forces in

Vietnam

Wars 1865-1975• 1865: End of the Civil War General Lee surrendered at Petersburg and ended the

Civil War.• 1898: Start of the Spanish American War: Caused by American intervention in the

Cuban War of Independence. Led to the Philippine-American War.• 1917: America Declares War on Germany: United States makes an entrance to

World War I on side of the allies.• 1918: Allied Victory of WW I: Germany defeated in 1918• 1941: U.S. Entrance to WWII: Japanese Attack Pearl Harbor, led to U.S. joining Ally

powers.• 1945: End of WWII: Allied Powers defeat Axis powers. Japan and Germany defeated.• 1950:Korean War Begins: U.S. and UN assist in Korea to prevent the growth of

Communist Power• 1953: Armistice in Korea: Korea and the United States agreed on a ceasefire in

Korea.• 1954: 1954 Accords: France backs out of Vietnam to be replace with the U.S.• 1973: U.S. backs out of Vietnam: Nixon orders to cease combat by U.S. forces in

Vietnam

Political Parties - 1792Federalist Party

• Led by Alexander Hamilton• Strong central government• Articles of Confederation were weak

and ineffective• National government needed to be

strong to work right/function and control uncooperative states

• Supported the new Constitution• Leaned away from democracy

(mobocracy) and thought talented/experienced men should rule

• More sympathetic to separating the church and state

• Mainly lived on the Eastern seaboard• Merchant/rich people

Democractic-Republican Party

• Led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison

• Weaker central government• Liked the Articles of Confederation • Thought national government

threatened state power and rights of the common man

• Opposed the new Constitution– Didn’t like how their personal

liberties weren’t protected– Created the Bill of Rights

• Sympathetic towards France• Lived in more western areas of the

country• Mainly illiterate/poor farmers/debtors

















































































Sectionalism in 1833

• Wilmot Proviso– Said that slavery shouldn’t exist in a territory that

we got from Mexico in the Mexican war– We had gotten a TON of land from Mexico

throught the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – Arizona, New Mexico, bits of Texas and Nevada

– Northern states liked the bill– Southern states opposed it with a passion– Senate refused to pass the bill (mainly because

of the Southern opposition) but House of Reps was ok with it

– Started the problem of slavery















1812

• War of 1812

• Madison Reelected

• Treaty of Ghent

1812

• War of 1812

• Madison Reelected

• Treaty of Ghent

1820

• Missouri Compromise

• Irish Immigration began

1820



1820



AGRICULTURE IN AMERICAN HISTORY

• The first African slaves were brought to Virginia. Start of slavery which was a way that the agricultural industry blossomed in America.

• The cotton gin was invented this year. This made the production of cotton once it was picked, faster and easier.

1619 1793

• John Lane began to manufacture plows with steel saw blades. The McCormick reaper is patented.

• A change from hand power to horses occurred this year and characterized the first American agricultural revolution

1834 1862

• The National Grange is organized. It helped advance social needs of farm life.

• Big cattle boom which resulted in an acceleration of the Great Plains and caused range wars between farmers and ranchers.

1867 1877

• The invention of the steam roller mill. Washburn Crosby Mill was the first important American mill.

• Blizzards, drought, overgrazing, disastrous to northern Great Plains cattle industry.

1878 1886

• The first gasoline tractor was built by John Froelich.

• U.S. was a critical supplier to Allied Nations. The agricultural market expanded with the rapid expansion of farms.

1892 WWI

• Surpluses became an agricultural issue and there was a long term depression and prices dropped.

• The Agricultural Adjustment Act created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration who wanted to raise prices.

1920’s 1933

• The Agricultural Act was extended and enlarged. Used food surpluses for the needy.

1961

Agriculture in American History

1619

• Farm bill

1793

• Ministry of agriculture formed

1862

• USDA founded

1867

• National grange organized

1877

• Granger movement

1798 Alien and Sedition Acts• Under the threat of war with France, Congress in 1798 passed four laws in

an effort to strengthen the Federal government. Known as the Alien and Sedition Acts, the legislation sponsored by the Federalists was also intended to quell any political opposition from the Republicans, led by Thomas Jefferson.

• The first of the laws was the Naturalization Act, passed by Congress on June 18. This act required that aliens be residents for 14 years instead of 5 years before they could become US citizens.

• Congress passed the Alien Act on June 25, authorizing the President to deport aliens "dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States" during peacetime.

• The third law, the Alien Enemies Act, was enacted by Congress on July 6. This act allowed the wartime arrest, imprisonment and deportation of any alien subject to an enemy power.

• The last of the laws, the Sedition Act, passed on July 14 declared that any treasonable activity, including the publication of "any false, scandalous and malicious writing," was a high misdemeanor, punishable by fine and imprisonment. By virtue of this legislation twenty-five men, most of them editors of Republican newspapers, were arrested and their newspapers forced to shut down.

1853

• Fugitive Slave Act of 1853 not only requiring free states to return slaves to their "owners," but also making it a federal crime not to assist in doing so. Under the Fugitive Slave Act, hosting a fugitive slave on one's property became dangerous.

Civil War

• Habeas corpus was suspended. In 1866, it was put in place again.

• Lincoln suspended civil law in territories where resistance to the North's military power would be dangerous

• Among the 13,000 people arrested under martial law was a Maryland Secessionist, John Merryman. Immediately, Roger Taney, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States issued a writ of habeas corpus commanding the military to bring Merryman before him. The military refused to follow the writ. Justice Taney, in Ex parte Merryman, then ruled the suspension of habeas corpus unconstitutional because the writ could not be suspended without an Act of Congress. President Lincoln and the military ignored Justice Taney's ruling.

By: Kayla Rinaldi, Marlo Moses, and Jae Dobbs

• Immigration Act of 1882 was passed by the United States Congress. They passed a new immigration act that made a .50 tax would be imposed on all immigrants landing at the United States ports.

• The money was supposed to cover the expenses of regulating immigration and for the care of immigrants after landing.

• Chinese Exclusion Act.

• The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States Federal law that was signed by Chester A. Arthur on May 6th, 1882.

• The Act made changes to the Burlingame Treaty of 1868.

• The changed that the United States Congress made allowed the United States to suspend Chinese Immigration. They wanted to stop Chinese Immigration for 10 years .

• Later in 1943, this Act was repealed by the Magnuson Act.

• Immigration Act of 1907.

• This Act updates the 1882 and 1891 Immigration Acts.

• The updates and changes that were made are that the head tax was raised to $5.

• Also people unaccompanied children under 17 years old.

• Immigration Act of 1917.• The United States Congress passed this Act with an

overwhelming majority overriding President Woodrow Wilsons veto.

• It added to the number of unwanted people from entering the United States including “homosexuals,” “idiots,” “criminals,” and “insane people.”

• This Act also stopped all Immigrants over the age of 16 years who were illiterate.

• “Asiatic Barred Zone” was the most controversial part which people from that area weren’t allowed to come to the United States. The Asiatic Barred Zone included much of eastern Asia and the Pacific Islands.

• Immigration Act of 1924.• During the Harding administration, a stop gap

immigration measure was passed in 1921. It was passed to help slow the flood of Immigrants from entering the United States.

• A more detailed law was passed in 1924 by President Coolidge. It provided for the following;

• -A quota for immigrants entering the United Sates was set at 2% of the total of any given nation’s residents in the United States.

• - After July 1, 1927, the 2% rule was to be replaced by an overall cap of 150,000 immigrants annually and quotas determined by “national origins.”

• Immigration Act of 1929, also known as the Johnson Reed Act.

• It was a law that limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people who lived in the United States.

• Their purpose was to further restrict the Southern and Eastern Europeans who were wanting to come to the United States. Also wanting to restrict the Middle Easterners, East Asians and Asian Indians.

• Immigration Act of 1952. Also known as Nationality Act and McCarren –Walter Act.

• This Act prohibited immigration into the United States and it codified under Title 8 of the United States Code.

• It monitors immigration and citizenship in the United States

• Immigration Act of 1965

Business and Enterprise in America

•Samuel Slater built the first US textile factory in Pawtucket, Rhode Island•Powered by a water mill•Spun cotton into thread•Many children from ages 8-14 ran the mill•Invented the factory system dubbed The Rhode Island System that was spread throughout the US and used by others including Francis Cabot Lowell

Slater’s Textile Factory

•First Bank of America was also created•Proposed by Alexander Hamilton•It was due to expire in 20 years•Chartered by Congress•Created to meet financial requirements and needs of America•Could not buy government bonds•Private business

First Bank of the United States

•Introduced by Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, and John Quincy Adams•Supported by Whig Party•THREE MAIN PARTS:• Tariff to protect American Industry• National Bank• Subsidies granted by Federal Government to fund roads and other improvements inside of America•Helped protect from foreign competition

Clay’s American System

•A tariff passed on imports•Passed because of Southern free traders being all pissed and junk at a bunch of recently increased duties •Led to the whole Nullification Crisis where people weren’t wanting to follow Federal laws so they just didn’t•First event that involved sensationalist views

The Tariff…of…ABOMINATIONS!!!!

•So basically that Andrew Jackson dude that Mrs. Bischoff hates really didn’t like the Bank of the US so when he was president he killed the Second Bank of America after the First Bank had been re-chartered after 20 years

Controversy Over Re-establishment of Bank of US

•When the South secedes, Republicans gain complete control of Congress•They pass a program that raised tariffs to the highest they have ever been in order to promote economic growth

•When the National Banking Acts of 1864 and 1865 passed, they created a national banking system•Other banks could join this system but only if they invested a third of their money in government securities•If they joined the bank then they would be able to issue US Treasury notes as currency•This system created a system of uniform bank notes

Republican Congress and National Banking Acts

•Merchants in Illinois were freakin’ out because the railroad rates were really high

•So they enacted the Illinois State Constitution of 1870 that said something about the public being able to control rates if it effected public interest

Munn vs. Illinois

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6 th Period Review. Colonial History Jamestown: first successful English colony. Created by the...

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