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6.1 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
66
MANAGINGMANAGING
HARDWARE ANDHARDWARE AND
SOFTWARESOFTWARE
ASSETSASSETS
Chapter
6.2 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• What computer processing and storage What computer processing and storage capability does our organization need to capability does our organization need to handle its information and business handle its information and business transactions?transactions?
• What arrangement of computers and What arrangement of computers and computer processing would best benefit computer processing would best benefit our organization?our organization?
• What kinds of software and software tools What kinds of software and software tools do we need to run our business? What do we need to run our business? What criteria should we use to select our criteria should we use to select our software technology?software technology?
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
OBJECTIVES
6.3 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Of what new software technologies should Of what new software technologies should we be aware? How would they benefit our we be aware? How would they benefit our organization?organization?
• How should we acquire and manage the How should we acquire and manage the firm’s hardware and software assets?firm’s hardware and software assets?
OBJECTIVES
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
6.4 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• The centralization versus decentralization The centralization versus decentralization debatedebate
• The application backlogThe application backlog
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
6.5 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Hardware Components of a Computer System
Figure 6-1
6.6 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
The Computer System
bitbit
• Binary digitBinary digit
• Represents smallest unit of data in the form of either 0 or 1Represents smallest unit of data in the form of either 0 or 1
bytebyte
• String of bits, usually eightString of bits, usually eight
• Stores one number or character Stores one number or character
6.7 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Bits and Bytes
Figure 6-2
6.8 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
The CPU and Primary Storage
Central Processing Unit (CPU)Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Manipulates symbols, numbers, and lettersManipulates symbols, numbers, and letters
• Controls other parts of the computer Controls other parts of the computer systemsystem
6.9 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
The CPU and Primary Storage
Primary StoragePrimary Storage
• Temporarily stores program instructionsTemporarily stores program instructions
• Data being used by the instructionsData being used by the instructions
6.10 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
The CPU and Primary Storage
Figure 6-3
6.11 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Primary Storage
StoresStores
• Software program being executedSoftware program being executed
• Operating system programs Operating system programs
• Data being used by program Data being used by program
6.12 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
• Arithmetic-logic unit (ALU): Arithmetic-logic unit (ALU): performs the performs the computer’s principal logic and arithmetic computer’s principal logic and arithmetic operationsoperations
• Control Unit: Control Unit: coordinates and controls the coordinates and controls the other parts of the computer systemother parts of the computer system
Primary Storage
6.13 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
• RAM: RAM: Directly accesses any randomly Directly accesses any randomly chosen location in the same amount of timechosen location in the same amount of time
• ROM:ROM: Semiconductor memory chips with Semiconductor memory chips with program instructions, cannot be written toprogram instructions, cannot be written to
Primary Storage
6.14 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Computer Processing
Microprocessors and Processing PowerMicroprocessors and Processing Power
• Integrated circuit technology Integrated circuit technology
• Integrates the computer’s memory, logic, Integrates the computer’s memory, logic, and control on a single chipand control on a single chip
6.15 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Computer Processing
Parallel ProcessingParallel Processing
• Problem broken down into smaller partsProblem broken down into smaller parts
• Multiple instructions processed Multiple instructions processed simultaneously with multiple processorssimultaneously with multiple processors
6.16 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Sequential and Parallel Processing
Figure 6-4
6.17 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Magnetic disk:Magnetic disk: Floppy disk, Hard disk Floppy disk, Hard disk
• Optical disks:Optical disks: CD-ROM, DVDs CD-ROM, DVDs
• Magnetic tape:Magnetic tape: Inexpensive, older secondary- Inexpensive, older secondary-storage mediumstorage medium
• New storage alternatives:New storage alternatives: Storage Area Networks Storage Area Networks (SANs)(SANs)
STORAGE, INPUT AND OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Secondary Storage Technology
6.18 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
STORAGE, INPUT AND OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
A Storage Area Network (SAN)
Figure 6-5
6.19 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
STORAGE, INPUT AND OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Input and Output Devices
6.20 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
STORAGE, INPUT AND OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Input and Output Devices
6.21 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Batch processingBatch processing
• Transactions accumulated and stored until processingTransactions accumulated and stored until processing
On-line processingOn-line processing
• Transactions are entered directly into computer and Transactions are entered directly into computer and processed immediatelyprocessed immediately
STORAGE, INPUT AND OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Batch and On-Line Input and Processing
6.22 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
STORAGE, INPUT AND OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
A Comparison of Batch and On-line Processing
Figure 6-6
6.23 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Integrates two or more types of media Integrates two or more types of media into a computer-based applicationinto a computer-based application
STORAGE, INPUT AND OUTPUT TECHNOLOGY
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Interactive Multimedia
6.24 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Mainframes: Mainframes: Largest computer, massive Largest computer, massive memory, rapid processing powermemory, rapid processing power
• Midrange computers: Midrange computers: Less powerful, less Less powerful, less expensive, and smaller than a mainframeexpensive, and smaller than a mainframe
• Server: Server: Provides software and other resources Provides software and other resources to computers over a networkto computers over a network
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Classifying Computers
6.25 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Minicomputers: Minicomputers: Middle-range computer, Middle-range computer, used in universities, factories, or research used in universities, factories, or research laboratorieslaboratories
• ServerServer Farm: Farm: Large group of servers Large group of servers maintained by a commercial vendor, available maintained by a commercial vendor, available for electronic commerce and other activitiesfor electronic commerce and other activities
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Classifying Computers
6.26 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Personal Computer (PC): Personal Computer (PC): Small desktop or Small desktop or portable computerportable computer
• Workstation: Workstation: Desktop computer with powerful Desktop computer with powerful graphics and mathematical capabilitiesgraphics and mathematical capabilities
• Supercomputer:Supercomputer: Highly sophisticated and Highly sophisticated and powerful, performs complex computationspowerful, performs complex computations
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Classifying Computers
6.27 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Computer Networks and Client/Server Computing
• Distributed processing:Distributed processing: Distribution Distribution
of processing work among multiple of processing work among multiple
computerscomputers
• Centralized processing:Centralized processing:
Accomplished by one large central Accomplished by one large central
computercomputer
• Client/server computing:Client/server computing: Splits Splits
processing between “clients” and processing between “clients” and
“servers” on network“servers” on network
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS
6.28 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Client/Server Computing
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Figure 6-7
6.29 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Types of Client/Server Computing
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Figure 6-8
6.30 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Network Computers and Peer-to-Peer Computing
• Network computer (NC):Network computer (NC): Simplified Simplified desktop computer, does not store data desktop computer, does not store data permanentlypermanently
• Peer-to-peer computing:Peer-to-peer computing: Distributed Distributed processing that links computers through processing that links computers through Internet or private networks Internet or private networks
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS
6.31 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Software program:Software program: Series of statements Series of statements or instructions to the computeror instructions to the computer
• System software:System software: Generalized Generalized programs, manages computer’s resourcesprograms, manages computer’s resources
• Application softwareApplication software: : Programs written Programs written to perform functions specified by end to perform functions specified by end usersusers
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
6.32 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
The Major Types of Software
Figure 6-9
6.33 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Operating systemOperating system
• System software System software
• Manages and controls computerManages and controls computer
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
System Software and PC Operating Systems
6.34 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Functions of the operating systemFunctions of the operating system• Allocates and assigns system resourcesAllocates and assigns system resources
• Schedules use of computer resources Schedules use of computer resources
• Monitors computer system activitiesMonitors computer system activities
• Provides locations in primary memory for Provides locations in primary memory for data and programsdata and programs
• Controls the input and output devicesControls the input and output devices
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
System Software and PC Operating Systems
6.35 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
MultiprogrammingMultiprogramming
• Executes two or more programs Executes two or more programs concurrently using the same computerconcurrently using the same computer
• CPU executes only one program but CPU executes only one program but services the input/output needs of others services the input/output needs of others
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
System Software and PC Operating Systems
6.36 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Single-Program Execution Versus Multiprogramming
Figure 6-10
6.37 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
MultitaskingMultitasking
• Multiprogramming capability of single-Multiprogramming capability of single-user operating systemsuser operating systems
Virtual StorageVirtual Storage
• Handles programs more efficiently by Handles programs more efficiently by dividing the programs into small fixed or dividing the programs into small fixed or variable length variable length
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
System Software and PC Operating Systems
6.38 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Virtual Storage
Figure 6-11
6.39 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Time SharingTime Sharing
• Sharing of computer resources by many Sharing of computer resources by many users simultaneously users simultaneously
MultiprocessingMultiprocessing
• Executing two or more instructions Executing two or more instructions simultaneously in a single computer using simultaneously in a single computer using multiple central processing unitsmultiple central processing units
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
System Software and PC Operating Systems
6.40 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Language translation and utility Language translation and utility
softwaresoftware
• Translates high-level language programs Translates high-level language programs into machine language into machine language
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
System Software and PC Operating Systems
6.41 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• GUIGUI
• Microsoft’s Windows 98Microsoft’s Windows 98
• Windows Millennium Edition (Windows Windows Millennium Edition (Windows Me) Me)
• Windows 2000Windows 2000
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
PC Operating Systems and Graphical User Interfaces
6.42 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Windows XPWindows XP
• UNIXUNIX
• LinuxLinux
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
PC Operating Systems and Graphical User Interfaces
6.43 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Programming languages:Programming languages: Consists of Consists of 1s and 0s of binary code1s and 0s of binary code
• Assembly language:Assembly language: Resembles Resembles machine language, substitutes machine language, substitutes mnemonics for numeric codesmnemonics for numeric codes
• Third-generation languages:Third-generation languages: FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, Pascal, and CFORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, Pascal, and C
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Application Software and Programming Languages
6.44 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Assembly language
Figure 6-12
6.45 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
FORTRAN
Figure 6-13
6.46 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
COBOL
Figure 6-14
6.47 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Fourth-generation language:Fourth-generation language: Employed directly by end users Employed directly by end users
• Natural languages:Natural languages: Close to human Close to human languagelanguage
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Fourth-Generation Languages and PC Software Tools
6.48 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Query languages:Query languages: Provides immediate Provides immediate on-line answers to requests on-line answers to requests
• Application software packages and Application software packages and PC software tools:PC software tools: Word Processing Word Processing Software, Spreadsheets, Data Software, Spreadsheets, Data Management SoftwareManagement Software
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Fourth-Generation Languages and PC Software Tools
6.49 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Spreadsheet Software
Figure 6-16
6.50 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Data Management Software
Figure 6-17
6.51 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Enterprise softwareEnterprise software
• Set of integrated modulesSet of integrated modules
• Allows data to be used by multiple Allows data to be used by multiple functions and business processesfunctions and business processes
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Software for Enterprise Integration: Enterprise Software and Middleware
6.52 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
MiddlewareMiddleware
• Allows two disparate applications to Allows two disparate applications to communicate to exchange datacommunicate to exchange data
Web serverWeb server
• Manages requests for Web pages on the Manages requests for Web pages on the computer where they are storedcomputer where they are stored
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Software for Enterprise Integration: Enterprise Software and Middleware
6.53 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Middleware
Figure 6-18
6.54 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Enterprise application integration Enterprise application integration
softwaresoftware
• Ties together multiple applications to Ties together multiple applications to support enterprise integrationsupport enterprise integration
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Software for Enterprise Integration: Enterprise Software and Middleware
6.55 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Object-oriented programmingObject-oriented programming
• Approach to software development that Approach to software development that combines data and procedures into a combines data and procedures into a single objectsingle object
Visual programmingVisual programming
• Construction of software programs by Construction of software programs by selecting and arranging programming selecting and arranging programming objectsobjects
CONTEMPORARY TOOLS FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Object-Oriented Programming
6.56 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
CONTEMPORARY TOOLS FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Class, subclasses, and overriding
Figure 6-19
6.57 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Programming language Programming language
• Delivers the software functionality needed Delivers the software functionality needed for a particular taskfor a particular task
• Runs on any computer and operating Runs on any computer and operating systemsystem
CONTEMPORARY TOOLS FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Java
6.58 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML):Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): Page description language, creates Web Page description language, creates Web pages and other hypermedia documentspages and other hypermedia documents
• XML (eXtensible Markup Language):XML (eXtensible Markup Language): General-purpose language, supports links General-purpose language, supports links to multiple documents, used for both Web to multiple documents, used for both Web and non-Web applicationsand non-Web applications
CONTEMPORARY TOOLS FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and XML
6.59 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Capacity planning:Capacity planning: Process of Process of predicting the computing power predicting the computing power
• Scalability:Scalability: Ability of a computer, Ability of a computer, product, or system to expand and to serve product, or system to expand and to serve without breaking downwithout breaking down
HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Hardware Technology Requirements for Electronic Commerce and Digital Firm
6.60 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
• Designates the total cost of owning Designates the total cost of owning technology resourcestechnology resources
• Includes initial purchase costs, cost of Includes initial purchase costs, cost of hardware and software upgrades, hardware and software upgrades, maintenance, technical support, and maintenance, technical support, and trainingtraining
HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of Technology Assets
6.61 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
On-Line storage service providersOn-Line storage service providers
• Third-party provider Third-party provider
• Rent out storage space to subscribers Rent out storage space to subscribers over the Webover the Web
• Allow customers to store and access dataAllow customers to store and access data
HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Rent or Build Decisions: Using Technology Service Providers
6.62 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
Application Service Providers (ASPs)Application Service Providers (ASPs)
• Provide software that can be rented by Provide software that can be rented by other companies other companies
Other Types of Service ProvidersOther Types of Service Providers
• Provide additional resources for helping Provide additional resources for helping organizations manage their technology organizations manage their technology assetsassets
HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS
Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software AssetsChapter 6 Managing Hardware and Software Assets
Rent or Build Decisions: Using Technology Service Providers
6.63 © 2003 by Prentice Hall
66
MANAGINGMANAGING
HARDWARE ANDHARDWARE AND
SOFTWARESOFTWARE
ASSETSASSETS
Chapter